5 The Quest For Co-Operation and Prosperity Data-Based Questions

New Exploring World History (Second Edition)
Question Bank (2015 New DBQs)
5 The Quest for Co-operation and Prosperity
Data-based Questions
1. Study Sources A, B and C.
Source A
The following cartoon, published in 1948, was titled ‘Wind from the West’.
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 1

Source B
The following is adapted from a commentary on the economic assistance offered by the US to
Western European nations.
ERP funds allowed western Europe to continue importing American foodstuffs, raw materials
and machinery. Before the Marshall Plan, the continuation of European reconstruction had been
to some extent doubtful given the dependence on American imports and the limited currency
reserves. However, it would be wrong to suggest that continued western European recovery
depended on ERP funds. By the summer of 1947, industrial production in many western
European countries had reached pre-war levels. In all likelihood, Europe's recovery would have
continued even without Marshall aid - though at a slower rate. For the most part, ERP freed
western European governments from the immediate worry of financing American imports to
sustain rapid economic recovery.
Source C
The following passage is about the economic reforms carried out in the Westerns European nations
after the Second World War. .
Wartime shortages of consumer goods had resulted in the accumulation of financial assets by the
public. These threatened to undermine policies of inflation control. The monetary overhang
could be eliminated through either inflation or monetary reform. Most countries opted for the
latter. Between October 1944 and May 1945 there were twenty four monetary reforms...By
eliminating repressed inflation and permitting price control, they helped to restore the incentive
to work for the market. Monetary reform in most of the places it was adopted was successful in
achieving this goal.
(a) Did Sources A and B hold the same view on the outcomes of the Marshall Plan? Explain
your answer with reference to Sources A and B. (4 marks)
(b) How did the Marshall Plan change the attitude of the Western European nations towards
importing American products? Explain your answer with reference to Source B. (4 marks)
(c) ‘To reconstruct the post-war economy of the Western European nations, there could neither
be a lack of American assistance nor economic reforms carried out by the Western European
nations.’ Is this view tenable? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A, B and C,
and using your own knowledge. (8 marks)


2. Study Sources A and B.
Source A
The following extract is adapted from a History textbook. It is about the post-war economy
development in Eastern European countries.
Eastern Europe had lagged behind Western Europe well before the imposition of communism.
Between 1913 and 1950, per capita GDP growth in Eastern Europe was an anemic 1% annually,
slower than world averages. But from 1950 to 1973, it jumped to 3.9% annually, above world
averages. For those twenty-three years, Eastern Europe's growth per head was even slightly
above Asia's. Post-World War II - having been entirely within the Axis wartime orbit, which had
culminated in vast destruction - Eastern Europe underwent an impressive recovery led by heavy
industry.
Source B
The following is a cartoon published in 1949.
(a) What view did the author of Source A hold on the post-war economic development in

Eastern European countries? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. (4 marks)
(b) Which country was the cartoon in Source B possibly from? Cite relevant clues from Source
B to support your answer. (3 marks)
(c) Was the evaluation on post-war economic development in Eastern European countries
reflected in Source B objective? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A and B, and
using your own knowledge. (7 marks)

Source A
The following passage is about the attitude of European nations towards economic integration,
1949.
While most governments acknowledged the advantages of political and economic co-operation,
western European politicians resisted surrendering any sovereignty. For example, the difficulties
in liberalising intra-European trade reflected this reluctance to diminish national control over
economic policy. Given the economic upheavals of the immediate post-war years, rescinding
control over foreign trade carried considerable political risks as long as neighbouring countries
continued to pursue extremely protectionist policies. In this context, the unilateral abolition of
exchange controls would have led to an unstoppable outflow of hard currency reserves,
undermining domestic reconstruction.
Source B
The following extract is adapted from the Schuman Declaration given by the Foreign Minister of
France, Robert Schuman, in 1950. He proposed to establish the European Coal and Steel
Community.
The coming together of the nations of Europe requires the elimination of the age-old opposition
of France and Germany…It proposes that Franco-German production of coal and steel as a whole
be placed under a common High Authority, within the framework of an organisation open to the
participation of the other countries of Europe. The pooling of coal and steel production should
immediately provide for the setting up of common foundations for economic development as a
first step in the federation of Europe, and will change the destinies of those regions which have
long been devoted to the manufacture of munitions of war, of which they have been the most
constant victims.
(a) As reflected in Source A, why were Western European nations unwilling to proceed
economic integration? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. (4 marks)
(b) As reflected in Source B, identify two aims of Robert Schuman to propose establishing the
European Coal and Steel Community. Cite relevant clues from Source B to support your
answer. (4 marks)

(c) ‘In the 1950s, obstacles of European economic integration had been eliminated already.’ Do
you agree? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A and B, and using your own
knowledge. (7 marks)

Source A
The following German cartoon was published in 1962. The man wearing a suit is the leader of the
USSR, Khrushchev.
Khrushchev: 'Merely bluff and decadence!! Come 1980, we'll have all that too!'
Source B
The following passage is about the relationship between Romania and the COMECON in the
1960s.
In fact, the backwardness of Romanian economy was unexpected. The economic organisation of
Eastern Europe, the COMECON, carried out labour division. Hence, some of the communist
countries could be responsible for manufacturing while others could supply raw materials. As a
major agricultural nation owning abundant oil, Romania could foresee how it could be dragged
into long-term misfortune with economic backwardness because of the plan of labour division.
Therefore in the conference of COMECON held in February, 1963, Romania refused to sacrifice
in the name of ‘socialist labour division’ … In 1964 … Romania seek for economic and
technical assistance from France and the US. With Romanian effort, the trade between Romania
and the West ranked the third in the foreign trade of Romania.
(a) What does Source A tell you about the view of the cartoonist on the development of Eastern

European economy, as reflected in Source A? Explain your answer with reference to Source
A. (3 marks)
(b) What were the weaknesses of the COMECON in promoting the Eastern European economy,
as reflected in Source B? Explain your answer with reference to Source B.
(4 marks)
(c) Did the USSR fail in driving the economic development and co-operation in the Communist
bloc of Eastern Europe? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A and B, and using
your own knowledge. (7 marks)

Source A
The following extract is adapted from a Italian newspaper in 1962. The coverage is about the
leader of the Labour Party in Britain, Gaitskell, opposed British participation in the European
Community.
Mr Gaitskell then examined what terms needed to be set and achieved. It would be good to build
a bridge between Britain and Europe, but not if it meant giving up the Commonwealth. Britain
should be able to plan its economy and decide on its foreign policy. ‘We have to be free to
decide whether or not we want new political developments with Europe. I do not believe that the
British are at present ready to accept a supranational system where decisions are taken by a
majority, possibly against their will…If we do not join, however, it will not be a disaster. We can
do more than the Common Market: we can, for instance, reduce tariffs throughout the world.’
Source B
The following passage is about the impact of the enlargement of the European Union (EU) on
Britain.
In Great Britain, there is great public debate over various aspects of the EU, but especially about
the impact of the free movement of workers from Eastern Europe. After the admission of new
members to the EU, Great Britain opened their doors to immigrants from those nations and the
result was an influx of over half a million people. Predictably, these immigrants took many low-
paying jobs and were perceived as a threat because the jobs they obtained might have gone to
British workers and because of their overall impact in driving down wages for all, especially at
the lower end of the occupational hierarchy.
(a) As reflected in Source A, identify two reasons for Gaitskell to oppose British participation in
the European Community. Cite relevant clues from Source A to support your answer.
(4 marks)
(b) As reflected in Source B, what problems did the new members of the European Union bring
to Britain? Explain your answer with reference to Source B. (3 marks)
(c) ‘Britain was not enthusiastic about participating in European economic integration.’ Do you
agree? Explain you answer with reference to Sources A and B, and using your own

Source A
The following is a American cartoon published in 2005.
Source B
The following passage is about a conference on global population held in Bucharest, 1974.
At Bucharest [meetings], ideology dominated the proceedings. Some delegates attacked the rich
countries' financial support of family planning programs in the poorer ones as self-serving, if not
imperialistic. A number of national delegations made clear their opposition to policies aimed at
lowering population growth rates. ‘Economic development is the best contraceptive,’ in the
words of one slogan voiced at the conference. Acrimony aside, the Bucharest meetings did put
the nations assembled there on record as approving, for the first time, an international
population ‘plan of action’. The plan included a numerical target for reduced birth rates in the
developing countries, a statement of the basic human right of all couples to make their own

decisions about family size, and support for full gender equality in education, politics, and
economic life.
(a) As reflected by the cartoonist in Source A, what was the difficulty in promoting family
planning? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. (4 marks)
(b) As reflected in Source B, what was the difficulty of international co-operation in population
control? Explain your answer with reference to Source B. (4 marks)
(c) How useful are Sources A and B in helping you understand the efficiency of international co-
operation in issues on population and resources? Explain you answer with reference to
Sources A and B, and using your own knowledge. (7 marks)

Source A
The following passage is about the Rio Summit in 1992.
The Earth Summit ended with more than a hundred world leaders...adopting a charter for
sustainable development, together with a new United Nations body to supervise its
implementation. When the summit ended, 152 countries signed the Biodiversity Convention and
150 the Climate Change Convention. The richest nation on earth, the United States under
President George Bush, refused to sign the Biodiversity Convention, claiming in a presidential
election year that it would cost the American economy precious jobs and financial resource it
did not have available. It was a week in which George Bush claimed the 'America's record on
environmental protection is second to none, so I did not come here to apologise.'
Source B
The following is a cartoon published in 2005. The man smoking is the US president at that time,
George W. Bush.
(a) As reflected in Source A, what achievements did Earth Summit make in regard to
environmental protection? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. (3 marks)
(b) What does Source B tell you about the attitude of the cartoonist towards the US? Explain

your answer with reference to Source B. (4 marks)
(c) ‘The main reason for the failure of the international society to make achievements in
environmental protection was the uncooperative attitude of the US.’ Do you agree? Explain
your answer with reference to Sources A and B , and using your own knowledge.
(7 marks)

8. Study Source A.
Source A
The following passage is about the efforts the World Health Organization (WHO) in eradicating
small pox.
In the following year, the WHO proposed an increase of 16% in the total budget, which was
especially set aside for fighting against small pox … Developing countries showed great
support to this increased budget and the small pox eradication … However, most of the
industrialised countries thought that the pace of the WHO to increase budget should not surpass
that of the growth of GNP in the countries who made major contributions on the new budget.
Hence, the US and France suggested a smaller scale of increase in the budget. Eventually, the
budget was passed by increasing 2.4 million.
A strengthened scheme of small pox elimination began in 1967 without unconditional support
of members … This scheme started in 41 countries with very limited resources. The leader of
the Small Pox Eradication Unit, Dr. Donald A. Henderson, made an observation at that time.
‘The lack of resources is one of the big problems thus the efficiency of international effort was
highly affected.’ There was a moral controversy on forced vaccination while there were still
challenges from technologies and logistic support remaining. The experience in India served a
good example to show the obstacles in small pox eradication. The political and financial
instability in the country hindered the operation of the scheme while disclosing the divided
opinions between the officials of the WHO and the Minister of Health in India in regard to the
implementation of strategies. The government of India started to have doubts on the approaches
adopted by the WHO including active monitoring and reporting as well as the technology of
vaccination.
(a) What attitude did developing countries and industrialised countries hold in small pox
eradication led by the WHO? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. (4 marks)
(b) Do you agree that international co-operation in medicine faces lots of difficulties? Explain
your answer with reference to Source A and using your own knowledge. (7 marks)

9. Study Source A.
Source A
The following extract is adapted from a commentary on International Atomic Energy Agency
(IAEA)
The once clear line differentiating peaceful and military application of atomic energy is now
blurred. According to Dr. Amory Lovins, ‘nuclear energy, atomic materials and atomic
technology are involved regardless of how atomic energy is used, by people or military. Getting
hold of these and making them commercial are direct and absolute results of the power of
nuclear fission.’ The strength of IAEA was not enough to tackle the problem. It lacks the
executive power and the necessary human resources. It is incapable of carrying out effective and
obstacles-free investigation and making itself an efficient monitoring body. For example, when
Israel bombed the reactors of Iraq, the IAEA could neither punish Israel nor completely deny
the accusation from Israel on Iraq as the accusation was not made up but a fact: Iraq used
atomic materials to produce atomic bombs. In addition, the IAEA had conducted hundreds of
checking on the facilities in South Africa but it still failed to disclose the situation released by
the government of South Africa itself in 1993: It had already produced 5 atomic bombs during
1967-1990 when it cancelled the project of producing atomic bombs in 1990.
(a) As reflected in Source A, what problems does the blurred line between peaceful and military
adoption of atomic energy bring? Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
(3 marks)
(b) What are the limitations of the International Atomic Agency? Explain your answer with
reference to Source A. (4 marks)
(c) To what extent do you think that the international society can co-operate in technological
development? Explain your answer with reference to Source A and using your own

Data-based Questions
Answer
1.(a) Did Sources A and B hold the same view on the outcomes of the Marshall Plan? Explain
your answer with reference to Sources A and B. [4 marks]
L1 Vague explanation, and ineffective in using two sources, or merely uses one source.
[max. 2]
L2 Clear explanation, and effective in using two sources. [max. 4]
Examples:
- They held different views.
- Source A reflects that the Marshall Plan had made significant achievements. Marshall
blew the windmill representing Europe. It shows that Marshall Plan was indispensable in
facilitating the economic recovery in Europe.
- Source B reflects that the Marshall Plan had made some achievements in recovering
Western European economy but it was not the key. Before the US offering assistance,
many of the Western European countries had their industrial production recovered to the
pre-war levels.
(b) How did the Marshall Plan change the attitude of the Western European nations
towards importing American products? Explain your answer with reference to Source
B. [4 marks]
L1 Vague explanation, and ineffective use of relevant clues from the Sources. [max. 2]
L2 Clear explanation, with effective use of relevant clues from the Sources. [max. 4]
Examples:
- Before the Marshall Plan was launched, Western European nations lacked foreign
reserves. They had suspicion on relaying too much on the American imports to
reconstruct the economy.
- After the Marshall Plan was launched, Western European nations could use the American
assistance to purchase American goods, which eliminated their suspicion on whether they
could maintain the economic recovery by purchasing American imports.
(c) ‘To reconstruct the post-war economy of the Western European nations, there could neither
be a lack of American assistance nor economic reforms carried out by the Western European
nations.’ Is this view tenable? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A, B and C,

and using your own knowledge. [8 marks]
L1 Vague answer, ineffective in using both Source and own knowledge. [max. 2]
L2 Unbalanced answer, using only the Source or own knowledge. [max. 5]
L3 Reasonable and balanced answer, using both Source and own knowledge. [max. 8]
Tenable:
- The Marshall Plan facilitated the European economic recovery. (Source A)
- The American assistance enabled Western Europa nations to import American food, raw
materials and machines. (Source B)
- The Western European nations once suspected the over reliance on the American imports
to recovery the economy. The American assistance relived their concern and they were
able to use the assistance to purchase American imports, facilitating the economic
recovery. (Source B)
- Without the American assistance, the reconstruction of the European economy would be
slow. (Source B)
- Governments of Western European countries carried out monetary reforms after the
Second World War. Hence. They succeeded in controlling inflation and resuming the
labour force for the market. (Source C)
- Marshall Plan provided Western European countries with assistance of $US 13 billion,
which made significant contribution to the Western European recovery from the
destruction of war. (own knowledge)
- The American assistance led to the establishment of co-operative organisations for
European economy. Hence, Europe could take their first step for economic integration.
The economic co-operation between Western European nations accelerated the process of
reconstruction. (own knowledge)
Untenable:
- Before the US launched the Marshall Plan, European economy had been gradually
recovering. The industrial production had recovered to the pre-war levels. Hence,
European economy would continue to recover even without the American assistance.
(Source B)
- During 1944-1945, Western European nations had already started monetary reforms to
solve the post-war economic problems. In the summer of 1947, many Western European
nations’ industrial production had recovered. Therefore, the individual effort of European
nations was more important. (Sources B and C)

2.(a) What view did the author of Source A hold on the post-war economic development in
Eastern European countries? Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
[4 marks]
Attitude: Positive [1 mark]
Explanation: [3 marks]
L1 Vague explanation, and ineffective in using two sources, or merely uses one source.
[max. 1]
L2 Clear explanation, and effective in using two sources. [max. 3]
- Although the Eastern European economy lagged far behind that of the Western Europe
during 1913-1950. The GNP per capital of Eastern Europe during 1950-1973 had 3.9%
annual growth, which was even higher than the global average growth rate.
- Eastern Europe was seriously destructed by the Second World War. The speed of its
recovery was astonishing.
(b) Which country was the cartoon in Source B possibly from? Cite relevant clues from
Source B to support your answer. [4 marks]
Country: The US [1 mark]
- The cartoonist depicts the countries accepting the Marshall Place as being able to use
tractors to proceed sufficient production. The cartoon praises the significant achievements
of the Marshall Plan while the US was the major supplier of the Marshall Plan.
- On the other hand, the nations accepted the Marshal Stalin Plan still used backward ways
to proceed manufacturing.
- The cartoonist smeared the image of Stalin. It depicts that Stalin claimed to his people
that his plan was the same as the Marshall Plan without having machines malfunctioned.
- The cartoon was published during the Cold War. The US and the USSR were the leaders
of two opposing blocs. Hence, the cartoon was used by the US to strike the USSR.
(c) Was the evaluation on post-war economic development in Eastern European countries
reflected in Source B objective? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A and

B, and using your own knowledge. [7 marks]
The Eastern European economic situation reflected in Source B::

- Eastern European economic development lagged behind Western Europe.
- The production technology in Eastern Europe was backward.
- People in Eastern Europe envied Western European economic development.
Objective:
- Eastern European economic development lagged far behind Western Europe. There was
only 1% growth of GNP per capita during 1913-1950 in Eastern Europe. (Source A)
- Compared to Western European nations, Eastern Europe had weaker production
technology and lower efficiency. (own knowledge)
- Eastern European economy was bad. Hence, some people in Eastern Europe sought to
flee to Western European countries. (own knowledge)
Not objective:
- Eastern European nations had significant recovery since 1949. For example, the industrial
production in Czechoslovakia had recovered to the pre-war levels already in 1948. (own
knowledge)
- The USSR provided the Eastern European nations with capital, machinery and raw
materials for reconstruction. Its production technology was not as backward as depicted
in the cartoon in which farming still relies on man power. (own knowledge)
- The US and the USSR were enemies at that time. The US thus exaggerated the
backwardness of Eastern Europe to strike the USSR. (own knowledge)

3.(a) As reflected in Source A, why were Western European nations unwilling to proceed
economic integration? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. [4 marks]
Examples:
- Western European nations were unwilling to renounce any kinds of sovereignty and
lessen the control over economic policies.
- After the Second World War, many countries adopted Protectionism. Lessening the
control over foreign trade would bring political crisis for the governments.
- Relinquishing foreign exchange controls would lead to capital outflow, which was
detrimental to economic reconstruction.
(b) As reflected in Source B, identify two aims of Robert Schuman to propose establishing
the European Coal and Steel Community. Cite relevant clues from Source B to support
your answer. [4 marks]
One aim + one clue [max. 2]
Aims:
- To unite the European nations and maintain peace.
- To facilitate European economic development.
Clues:
- Robert Schuman suggested placing the coal and steel production of France and Germany
under a common authority so that the long-term opposition between the two nations could
be eliminated through economic co-operation.
- Centralisation of the production of coal and steel helped build a common foundation for
economic development between European nations.
(c) ‘In the 1950s, obstacles of European economic integration had been eliminated already.’
Do you agree? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A and B, and using your
own knowledge. [7 marks]

Obstacles eliminated:
- The Western European nations once worried that the economic integration would hinder
the pace of domestic reconstruction. (Source A) However, the economy of most of the
nations had gradually resumed to the pre-war levels since 1950, which laid a foundation
for economic integration. (own knowledge)
- At first, Western European nations were not willing to relinquish any kinds of
sovereignty. (Source A) However, the success of Benelux Union demonstrated the
benefits of economic integration. Hence, the desire for economic interests overshadowed
the insistence on maintaining sovereignty. (own knowledge)
- France took the initiative to mend fences with Germany by proposing the establishment
of European Coal and Steel Community. (Source B)
Obstacles not yet eliminated:

- Some of the Western European nations still suspected the economic integration and were
unwilling to relinquish the autonomy on domestic economic policies. For example,
Britain refused to join the European Coal and Steel Community and European Economic
Community. (own knowledge)
- Europe was divided into two camps because of the Cold War, which impeded the
economic integration between Eastern and Western Europe. (own knowledge)

4.(a) What does Source A tell you about the view of the cartoonist on the development of
Eastern European economy, as reflected in Source A? Explain your answer with
reference to Source A. [3 marks]
View:
- The Eastern European economy was backward, which lagged far behind Western Europe.
Clues:
- Standing in front of the fences, the shabby child is looking at the prosperous street.
- In the cartoon, Khrushchev tells the children that they would also enjoy the economic
achievements the Western European nations do when it comes to 1980. Eastern Europe is
not as prosperous as Western Europe does.
(b) What were the weaknesses of the COMECON in promoting the the Eastern European
economy, as reflected in Source B? Explain your answer with reference to Source B.
[4 marks]
Examples:
- The economic strategies set by the COMECON failed to take economic interests of
different nations into account. For example, Romania would be dragged into economic
difficulties by launching labour division.
- The COMECON failed to get active support of all members. Romania refused to accept
the labour division scheme yet it conducted trade with the West.
(c) Did the USSR fail in driving the economic development and co-operation in the
communist bloc of Eastern Europe? Explain your answer with reference to Sources A
and B, and using your own knowledge. [7 marks]

Failed:
- The economic achievements of Eastern Europe still lagged behind Western Europe. The
living standard of Eastern Europeans was low. (Source A)
- The cohesion was weak in the COMECON led by the USSR. The members did not
follow the instructions of the COMECON. (Source B)
- Eastern European nations was more enthusiastic about trading with Western European
nations. (Source B)
- Under the leadership of the USSR, Eastern European nations concentrated on heavy
industry whereas the production of consumer goods was not adequate. People’s living
standard was not improved. (own knowledge)
- The COMECON was not a supranational organisation as it did not draw up common
policies applicable for all its members. (own knowledge)
- The USSR just guided the economic production of Eastern European countries to serve
its own economic needs, which posed no significant influence on facilitating economic
integration. (own knowledge)
Succeeded:
- The USSR proposed the Molotov Plan after the Second World War. It instructed the
Eastern European nations to carry out planned economy. Hence, the Eastern European
economy rapidly recovered. (own knowledge)
- The USSR succeeded in accomplishing industrialisation in agricultural nations of Eastern
Europe. (own knowledge)
- The members of the COMECON traded mainly with nations in the communist bloc. Such
trade took up 60-70% of total foreign trade. (own knowledge)

5.(a) As reflected in Source A, identify two reasons for Gaitskell to oppose British
participation in the European Economic Community. Cite relevant clues from Source A
to support your answer. [4 marks]
Reasons:
- For Britain, joining the European Community would affect its trading with the
Commonwealth.
- Joining the European Community made Britain unable to decide its own economic plans
and foreign policies.
- A Common Market was not a necessity for British economy. In contrary, Britain could do
more on its own than the Common market did.
Clues:
- ‘It would be good to build a bridge between Britain and Europe, but not if it meant giving
up the Commonwealth.’
- ‘The British are at present not ready to accept a supranational system where decisions are
taken by a majority, possibly against their will.’
- ‘If we do not join, however, it will not be a disaster.’
(b) As reflected in Source B, what problems did the new members of the European Union
bring to Britain? Explain your answer with reference to Source B. [3 marks]
Examples:
- A large number of immigrants from those nations (the new members of the EU) migrated
to Britain.
- These new migrants took many low-paying jobs and were perceived as a threat because
the jobs they obtained might have gone to British workers
- The large number of migrants got into the labour market, driving down wages for all,
especially at the lower end of the occupational hierarchy
(c) ‘Britain was not enthusiastic about participating in European economic integration.’
Do you agree? Explain you answer with reference to Sources A and B, and using your

own knowledge. [7 marks]
The answer should be yes, otherwise it would be difficult to give reasons.
Britain was not enthusiastic about participating in European economic integration:

- Britain worried that it would lose economic autonomy thus refused to join the European
Coal and Steel Community. (own knowledge)
- Within Britain, there were still voices against joining the European Community in the
later times. (Source A)
- Although Britain later established the European Free Trade Association to resist the
European Community, the organisation only removed internal tariff barriers without
imposing a common external tariff. Britain was still doubtful about economic integration.
(own knowledge)
- Britain joined the European Community only because the European Free Trade
Association could not compete with the European Community. (own knowledge)
- People in Britain thought that the eastward expansion of the European Union created a
large number of Eastern European immigrants to Britain, which posed negative impacts
on the local labour market of Britain. Hence, there was a great controversy for the British
in regard to the issue of whether to stay in the EU. (Source B)
- Britain have never adopted euro and it still adopts British pounds as the official currency
now. (own knowledge)

6.(a) As reflected by the cartoonist in Source A, what was the difficulty in promoting family
planning? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. [4 marks]
- Catholics or Christians believed that children were gifts granted by the God. Family
planning was something against the God’s will.
- People opposed to family planning raised more children than those who supported. These
people nurtured the next generation with the perception of anti-family-planning. Such
teaching formed a cycle which made the concept of anti-family-planning become an idea
of the mainstream.
(b) As reflected in Source B, what was the difficulty of international co-operation in

population control? Explain your answer with reference to Source B. [4 marks]
Examples:
- Poor countries did not trust the rich ones and thought that the assistance provided by the
rich countries on family planning was serving their own interests and even a kind of
imperialism. \
- Some countries were reluctant to diminish their population growth rate and thought that
economic development was the best contraceptives to solve the problem of population
expansion.
(c) How useful are Sources A and B in helping you understand the efficiency of
international co-operation in issues on population and resources? Explain you answer
with reference to Sources A and B, and using your own knowledge. [7 marks]
Achievements:
- The international society called for a global population conference. In the conference,
they set the target for diminishing population growth and supported couples having their

basic rights in deciding their family size and equality in aspects including education,
politics and economy. (Source B)
- Many developing countries get loans for developing domestic economy thus succeeds in
gradually lower the population growth rate, slowing down the population growth. (own
knowledge)
- With the support of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, developing
countries could get loans for economic development, leading to the constant decrease if
poor population. (own knowledge)
- The Food and Agricultural Organization and the International Fund for Agricultural
Development introduced advanced agricultural technologies to developing countries,
enhancing the global grains production. (own knowledge)
Limitations:
- Many people do not accept family planning out of religious beliefs and they spread this
perception to the next generation. Thus, the global population kept increasing. (Source
A)
- Developing countries remains doubtful about the assistance provided by the developed
countries. They thought that the purpose of the assistance is to protect the interest of
the developed countries. (Source B)
- The disparity of economic development between the developing countries and the
developed counties is still huge. Wealth disparity have not yet improved. (own
knowledge)
- Food production cannot meet the growth of population and the pace of cultivated
lands diminishing. Famine still remains unsolved in many developing countries in
Africa. (own knowledge)

7.(a) As reflected in Source A, what achievements did Earth Summit make in regard to
environmental protection? Explain your answer with reference to Source A. [3 marks]
Examples:
- Leaders of over 100 countries signed the charter for sustainable development.
- 152 countries signed the Biodiversity Convention and 150 the Climate Change
Convention.
- An organisation under the United Nations was founded to monitor the sustainable
development of various countries.
(b) What does Source B tell you about the attitude of the cartoonist towards the US?
Explain your answer with reference to Source B. [4 marks]
Attitude: Negative [1 mark]
- George W. Bush burns the Kyoto Protocol and smokes cigarettes of ‘US industry’. This
reflects that the US ignored the Kyoto Protocol and remained high greenhouse gas
emission.
(c) ‘The main reason for the international society to make achievements in environmental
protection was the uncooperative attitude of the US.’ Do you agree? Explain your
answer with reference to Sources A and b, and using your own knowledge. [7 marks]
Uncooperative attitude of the US:

- The US refused to sign the Biodiversity Convention because of economic concerns.
(Source A)
- The US was uncooperative to the arrangement of the Kyoto Protocol and remained high

greenhouse gas emission. (Source B)

- Among the developed countries, the US accounted for the most emissions of greenhouse
gas. Its uncooperative attitude made the problem of global warming hard to solve. (own
knowledge)
- As a great power, the uncooperative attitude of the US in environmental protection made
an excuse for developing countries not to cut greenhouse gas emissions. (own
knowledge)
Other factors:
- Developing countries were at the stage of industrialisation thus they were not willing to
sacrifice economic development to promote environmental protection. For example,
China, among other developing countries, accounted for the most emissions of
greenhouse gas but it had not yet met the emission reduction target. (own knowledge)
- In addition, developing countries lacked capital and technology to promote environmental
protection. They could not acquire environmental protection technology unconditionally
form developed countries thus achievements in environmental protection could hardly be
made. (own knowledge)
- The United Nations Environment Programme lacked the authority to carry out global
environmental protection work. It relied on donations from governments of various
countries and individuals thus it lacked enough resources to promote environmental
protection. (own knowledge)
- Although the number of conventions in regard to environmental protection significantly
increased after 1972, not all conventions were legally binding. Thus, these conventions
could hardly make any practical achievement. (own knowledge)

8.(a) What attitude did developing countries and industrialised countries hold in small pox
eradication led by the WHO? Explain your answer with reference to Source A.
[4 marks]
Examples:
- Developing countries stayed positive on the eradication and agreed with the increased
budget for supporting the implementation of the eradication.
- Industrialised countries held back from the eradication as they were the main capital
contributors. They only supported a small scale of increase in the budget and did not
show unconditional support when the eradication began.
(b) Do you agree that international co-operation in medicine faces lots of difficulties?
Explain your knowledge with reference to Source A and using your own knowledge.
[7 marks]
The answer should be yes, otherwise it would be difficult to give reasons.
Source:
- Co-operation projects in medical aspect are mainly led by developed and industrialised
countries. They always hold back from increasing the budget thus organisations such as
the WHO lacks enough resources to carry out those projects.
- Some countries are politically and financially unstable thus they can hardly participate in
international co-operation.
- Members of the WHO and the government officials from various countries have divided
opinions on strategies in the implementation of medical projects.
Own knowledge:
- Studies on drugs conducted by the developed countries seldom focus on contagious
diseases which are common in developing countries.
- New drugs granted patent rights are very expansive. Yet drugs manufacturers forbid
developing countries to produce cheaper generic drugs.
- Information on medicine is not common in developing countries, which impedes the

work in maintaining public health.

9.(a) As reflected in Source A, what problems does the blurred line between peaceful and
military adoption of atomic energy bring? Explain your answer with reference to
Source A. [3 marks]
Example: [1 mark]
- Since atomic power, atomic materials and atomic technology are permitted in public use,
countries could easily obtain resources and technology for producing nuclear weapons.
For example, Iraq used atomic fuel to produced atomic bombs.
(b) What are the limitations of the International Atomic Agency? Explain your answer
with reference to Source A. [4 marks]
Examples:
- Lacking the executive power and the necessary human resources.
- Lacking the authority to freely conduct investigation and effective monitoring.
- Failing to intervene the conflicts between various countries in regard to nuclear weapons
and make just judgment.
- Failing to accurately investigate the situation of various countries owning nuclear
weapons.
(c) To what extent do you think that the international society can co-operate in
technological development? Explain your answer with reference to Source A and using
your own knowledge. [7 marks]
Able to co-operate in technological development:

- The IAEA is established to monitor the safe application of atomic energy. (Source A)
- The IAEA made a review after the Chernobyl disaster. It passed the Convention on Early
Notification of a Nuclear Accident, the Convention on Assistance in Case of a Nuclear

Accident or Radiological Emergency and the Convention on Nuclear Safety. These

conventions aims at strengthening the co-operation in ensuring nuclear safety. (own
knowledge)
- Organisations focused on scientific research are founded in various countries. Together
with the United Nations and other international organisations, theses research
organisations share achievements in scientific development. (own knowledge)
Unable to co-operate in technological development:

- The IAEA lacks resources, human power and authority to monitor the application atomic
energy in various countries. (Source A)
- Scientific researches are conducted by individual countries in which each of them is
usually reluctant to share its own achievements with others. For example, achievements
in developing space technology during the Cold War was the result of rivalry but not co-
operation between the US and the USSR to a very large extent. (own knowledge)
- During the second half of the 20th century, there was not much significant international
co-operation in technological development. (own knowledge)
- International co-operation in technological development mainly happens between
developed countries. Thus, the direction of research was mainly led by the national
interests of these countries, which was not the original meaning of international co-
operation. (own knowledge)
- The technological level of developing countries lagged far behind the developed
countries. For these developing countries, there was reliance on developed countries
rather than coo-operation in between. (own knowledge)

5 The Quest For Co-Operation and Prosperity Data-Based Questions

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

5 The Quest For Co-Operation and Prosperity Data-Based Questions

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

New Exploring World History (Second Edition)

Question Bank (2015 New DBQs)

5 The Quest for Co-operation and Prosperity

1. Study Sources A, B and C.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 1

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 2

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 3

2. Study Sources A and B.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 4

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 5

3. Study Sources A and B.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 6

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 7

4. Study Sources A and B.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 8

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 9

5. Study Sources A and B.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 10

6. Study Sources A and B.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 11

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 12

7. Study Sources A and B.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 13

your answer with reference to Source B. (4 marks)

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 14

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 15

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 16

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 17

and using your own knowledge. [8 marks]

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 18

Attitude: Positive [1 mark]

Country: The US [1 mark]

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 19

B, and using your own knowledge. [7 marks]

The Eastern European economic situation reflected in Source B::

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 20

One aim + one clue [max. 2]

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 21

Obstacles not yet eliminated:

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 22

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 23

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 24

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 25

own knowledge. [7 marks]

The answer should be yes, otherwise it would be difficult to give reasons.

Britain was not enthusiastic about participating in European economic integration:

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 26

(b) As reflected in Source B, what was the difficulty of international co-operation in

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 27

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 28

Attitude: Negative [1 mark]

Uncooperative attitude of the US:

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 29

greenhouse gas emission. (Source B)

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 30

The answer should be yes, otherwise it would be difficult to give reasons.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 31

work in maintaining public health.

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 32

Able to co-operate in technological development:

©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD. 33

Accident or Radiological Emergency and the Convention on Nuclear Safety. These

Unable to co-operate in technological development: