Name-Surname: Şüheda Özek

Group No: MBG

Exp. 3 Report Sheet (Titration of Acids and Bases)
(DUE DATE: 17.11.2021 23:59)
(10 pts) Purpose:
The purpose of this experiment is being familiar with the indicator, endpoint, and equivalence point
notions. To know the basic titration technique and understand the acid-base reactions.
(30 pts) Experimental
(15 pts) What does the color change indicates in experiment? Could you use other indicators for this
experiment? Explain your reasoning briefly.
In titraiton, indicators indicate the endpoint which is the point where reaction completed.In other
words, where the concentration, moles, of the titrant and analyte is equal. For titration , it is important
to choose the right indicator because different types of indicators sense different pH range. For
example, Phenolphthalein changes color at a point above 7 pH so it is a good indicator for strong acid
and base titration. Instead of Phenolphthalein, methyl orange can be used because it has a appropriate
pH range.

(5 pts) What does the “standardization” mean? Is that a “must do” process for titrations?
Standardization mean stating the exact molarity, concenration, of the titrant in titration. It is a most do
process for pur results to be accurate and reliable. By standardization, results that we get from the
experiment will be more accurate and repeatable by other scientitsc.

(10 pts) Is that a qualitative or quantitative analysis that has been performed in this experiment? What
is the difference between qualitative and quantitative analysis? Explain briefly.
Qualitative means exploring something by it is quality instead of its amount or percentage. In
qualitative analysis, generally numbers and percentages do not use but in quantitative analysis,
something is being explored by its quantitiy, numbers and measures.while working with thoughts and
feelings in qualitative analysis, in quntitive analysis we work with numbers, graphs and analytics.

(40 pts) Calculations: In an acid-base titration experiment, first standardization of NaOH was done.
The molarity of NaOH was found as 0.112 M.
(10 pts) a) In first trial, 30.0 mL of HCl solution with unknown molarity was taken into erlenmayer
flask. 2-3 drops of indicator was added. 34.7 mL of standardized NaOH was used and the end point
was observed. What is the molarity of the HCl solution?

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(30 pts) b) The same procedure was done two more times and following results were obtained. Trial 2:
33.6 mL NaOH used, Trial 3: 35.1 mL NaOH was used. Calculate the relative average deviation for
the Molarity of the HCl solution. What can you say about the precision of the experiment?

RAD measures how measured values differ from the arithmetic, so it is the closeness of the measured
values, in other words it indicates the precision of the measurements. When RAD value getting close
to the zero value, it approaches to being more accurate. In this question RAD value found as 0.018 so
it can be said that it is close to the zero. As a result, the precision of the experiment is high.

(20 pts) Conclusion

(10 pts) a) According to the calculations that you did in ‘’calculation’’ part, conclude about the
precision and accuracy about the results.

By looking at the RAD value it can be said that the results are accurate because as the RAD value get
close to the zero, the accuracy of the experiment getting close to be more accurate. Nothing can be sad
about the precision because the same experiment must be done with another trusted instrument.

(10 pts) b) According to the video of the experiment, what might be the possible errors and how to
prevent them?

Errors could be cause from several reasons. Firstly, it could be from a human error. For example,
misreading the volume which is in the burette from a wrong angle or while filling the burette there
could be air bubble inside the solution which is going to affect the flow of liquid. One of the most
important errors is choosing the wrong concentration because it is going to affect the whole
measurement. The color change of the titration could be misjudged because even though too much of
the titrant come out from the burette, there is still going to be color and the results could be ended up
wrong.