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I
 <Seoul National Univcrsity Korcan Language 4B Student s Book> is the fonh volumc in the multi lcvel serics dcvclopcd
to be used in a regular program (about 200 hours of class rvork) for adult learners of thc Korcan languagc Thc primary goal
oi this book is to assist adult learners of the Korean language rvho have already had 600 hours training. so that they may
build Korean communicative ability lbr leal lile situations fiom studying fanliliar social and abstract topic. TIle key features
of this book lbllow.

This textbook is carefully coordinated to link spoken language and written Ianguage while focusing on the development
of communicativc languagc skills. It utilizes a step-by-step approach consisting of vocabulary and grammar praeti(c,
controlled conversation practice, irnd open-ended interaction. Through this approach, knorvledge about languagc transfcrs to
real language usc. In addition, 'Listcning and Speaking and 'Reading and Writing sections integratc spokcn languagc and
lvritten language lcarning.

We enhanced studies of written language so that learners can naturally progress to higher course levels. In addition, rve
have distinguished spoken language grammar study (grammar frequently used for spoken language is in speaking practice)
from written language grammar (grammar frequently used for lvritten language is in reading and speaking practice).

Listening is comprised of focusecl listening and conversations so that lear-ners can also acquile conversation abilities.
For this we added conversation expressions fbi colnprehension and production, such as advising, predicting outcomes.
erpressing dis.at i.l'act ron. anJ .uqSestirtg art olinion.

A task-based approach maximizes the use of linguistic knolvledge and encourages meaninglul interaction between
learners. Various types of tasks are introduced and activity sheets are provided as needecl.

We constructed a systematic approach to learning vocabulary, grarnmar and pronunciatiorl- Vocabulary lelating to the
topic of each unit is r,)'reaningfully presented to learners incleasing ell'icacy. In addition, this book proposes core techniques
for usage and meaning ol grammar with cxamp)c scntcnces to cnhancc flom prcvious SNU Korcan tcxtbooks. Fol this,
the Grammar Extension prescnted at thc back of the book as appendix aids learners' comprehension of target grammar.
The Pronunciation section also promotes accuracy and fluency with lessons for inclividual sounds. phonological rules, and
rntonatlon.

This textbook is designed to actively intcgratc culturc with classroom instruction. Cultural information is dclivclcd by
visual aids such as picturcs and photographs and level tailored concise explanations. This book also provides learners rvith
opportunities for meaningful language production by sharing their own experiences interculturally. The appendix fulther
promotes the understanding oi Korean cultule.

The text includes a MP3 CD that can be used in the classloom as well as independently. as an eff'eclive tool tbr
previerving and revierving. It contains speaking dialogues, Listening, pronunciation audio files.

Korean and English translations help English speaking learnels understand quickly. English translation is off'ered tbr
Reading and Writing, Grammar Extension. Culture Extension as well as Vocabulafy.

Abundant visual aids such as photographs and illustrations make leaming more realistic and enjoyable. Visual aids clearly
enhance learning efficacy and increase learners' interest by delivering inlormation on situatiors and meanings.

We wish to express our sincere gratitude to all who contributed to this project. Wc would pafticularly like to thank the
instructors tiom the textbook development committcc. Without thl.ir dedication and efiort, this textbook would not have
been possible. Also. we rvould likc to thank numerous instructors of the [Korean] Language Education Institute at Seoul
National University for their help in piloting materials and making suggestions. ln addition, rve rvould like to thank Lin'r
Chaeheon and Yoon Mina for theil clear audio recordings. Finally, ive would like to extend our gratitude to the CEO oi
TWOPONDS, Director Do Hyunjeong. Editorial Manager Park Hyungn'ran. Mr. Yang SeungjLr ard all other editorial staff
mernbers lbr their generous suppolt in having this volumc published.

December 20l5
Jun Youngchul
Executive Director
Language Education Lrstitute, Seoul National University

t
trlEloj Prelace

$flS71 Horv ro use this book

.d.I[| +€E' Scope and Scquence

58oJ€ Characters

1ort 9!LtololTl9l ,L!Ol ota stories and rnyrhs

2r+

11!t oJqq ^jEJ Langumc lnLl life I+!+

12al A+6J EJTd Trelsured crrr ironnrenr 6I+

13rt 016J el The joy of travel 8r+

=71€-
14rt +xtg.l l1l4l Wortd ot rrurnbcr. 'l0t+

15!l 6E-t 'iE Anrmfl\ ano ptanl\ 124

16!t r+o]el 'l! Hl The marvels of science 1t+!+

tqlqd
17al tLJ4 Mccting und scparrrrion 16r+

18rt 3+91 5+ Heung'bu and Nol-bu 18r+

eJEII Activiry Sheets 198

6ll€ crammar Extension 200
=E
HE Translation 213
culture Extension 220
=61 "-fl€
rlE Lisrening Scripts 221+
=71
rFll Et'J Task Guide 231
EE goJ Ansrvcr Key 231+

237
'E.Ill +€E Scope and Sequence

. 'EaJolq *a' . flLJol0t7l01l tiI-sr zJE .ae tl+ 9t7l

qdl a.l6l7 0l0f7l oJTl I-i\lcnin! k) lectures abort old=71
sr()ries Rcadinr lhe Drn{un N1!th
lu nf
Cornplinrenring
|

Rcuding the sl(n] of . EaJolel LfrLll' 0l0f7l .

tiiends \Irorg the tiler and the dried
a+dil4r[61.==a7l
9lg0l0F7lcl =71and
l-i\terrin! to dre srorv ol lhc liger Wrirrnir the
points
^bout of the nrtilrr
e\rablishrrent
. 9tLJ0l0ul 4711617l
Old stories .rnd lnuoducilrg old stofie\
. tg _En 0l0i7l a=71 rrvth

l-ookrng al pictufes and r!akirrg stories

rryths

. 471161: . el+ol /'fEoll rH6J rrrt E= .qq g-doll rH-J t]E

=g"J
il]-ef olz
^fEotl
rll^l ==al^
ql, I Lislelrirg ro =71
drbrtt$ lof rud llgliIlsr
=
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llrt Oliifing rnlXXluchor to Kon!h\h

. :l:d:oll,(l
. /.l"30l t]1d
al1rJ tllEl
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|

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)J)l
. =
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l.lngurles used in )ouf q +86171
="J ^1301 =71 ^ll^l-l
Ollering proofol rnd rrssc ion\ lb()ur

''Jrl"=lEtl? . ae Ei6 ztrlloJ oJTl . t|]-J +.\ . 7l+ Ealql rHdJ 7l^f
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^l9l01l !|) ne*s fepofs
lzal Reproichinil envircnnrental prolection
campaisn
.
1l$(lin! tn rlticle aboLri
Erl 7Hgoll tH-Lr r|16l E7l
.^+-l EIZ . +rJ H6 BJH 47l]
l-islenin! n) con\,er!ation\ boLrt hoc . aJZ E^jlql rH.J 71
TreasLrred 6Pl spring developrnent = ^
Writin! nbout envi()nnienLLl
envtroltntenl IntrudLrcing . AftHsl "Joll
cn!lronmeDnr proteclron "f8+^l7l
Expfessirg agrecrncnl \ith \\hut

. €e -R^l6l7l ' q=d 3]7 . ilnlTl of t ! q]1 . q-.J 710lE= oJTl

=er
|

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Thc =7.18
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. HBrf AB E-Jdl'7l
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iJ ;nak'ng
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saying thilrgs
. A-Lf= 13 Noll^j/
r- :: _!- \)itbreign . flot
^f8E =d N(o)e gt + 9,lrl.
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lanerrage usc v-LlEtf= a= Noll^l/
. _aJ N(o)e g + 9lrl
. Nol el6lE

- r=^13 g7l . E!3 Erll . v-(o)4cK7l) .€q 9.171 1 .'01=+e7f4'

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. geqt 4-d 6J5 . A-(o)L7f?.
Things done in regard !o
v-E)l?
. Nolrl

-- -a ?J6 / tlot/
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E7lo rH6ll 4 9..17 |
"Jg4"J E6l"5,\l +lg tH-d
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917
^l,J0ll |

Worying aboul . LlafE €0l6lE +^l Listedng to news reports about Reading afticles about
the price of goods irnpressive survey results on Korean employnrent prrparatron
14"r ef dol6l: i^f "J
6l)l . ,EE= Ei n 7 lt f
. 0 lar4oJ .Ili1l r|]il ^^71
t^f ol Speakir)g about nLrmbers
H l€o1l rll-d
=7
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| Looking at chrfis and writing
^1141
World of nurnbers liked and disliked in
difttrerrt countries body ratios
. Erll€oll rH-d o-H= HJE rll^l6f7l
Offering soluiions fbr problematic poinrs

.0 gz 7l+71011 . LjETHel+Silotl . EE^ll E€o1l B-d AE

rH6|] €=6171 rH:.J 9l7l Listening to tubles
= . rllEo
lc rl Pefsuading people Reading abour Jiido
I)ogs and hibiscus
EJoJ
?JLtlZ
I-isler)ing to dcbitcs
rH-J
,rboLrr
EE E7
guidc dogs
|
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the Dodo Bird s extinction
of

o=Erf iE . E=oill .E{E E5olt +-d €B

. rlf lr lrlol rtlE^lol P )J.') |
Arimals and Dcbrling
5^]E01l r|1o-|1 EJ-1"7 | W.iting explaurtidrs about
plants
SpeakiDg nboul llpicil animal and plant eritinctions
animals lion one s

.i-,1=,/l^t-J! .
"4af^ltel +totl
. ac +el rfqroll rH-d afrl-g . gil+ rf+ oloFTl 9]71
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IO Hypolhesizing on Reading a descfiption Listening to a radio program abou!
"f a pinciple of heredity fionl an science in our lives . olafiol rf-+ 7la= qld
,r[of ol ,\lHl encycbpedia . trlolol galoll rl]-sr rl]El
The marvels of . Fd4 =71holv
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^fdel
rH6|] EJ6f7 =dotl hair peins $'ork future scientiiic rcchnologies
science |

Speakiog aboul one's . rl+ flal €E6l7l

hcr ediury' characteislics
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. :1'-l ost, I . 0lHlE.Jd gE B]7 |

.€g 4'J . EollE^l 9]7 |

Talking aboui Listening to =71

ll at
Re:rding announcements
about event pflzes . 1E6l:
thoughls on gradu tion

4al E7l
RefldinS .r

. 7l=0lLf r1+0|zl 9J+

love ]ettel

lLl:rL =:]lnl,(l . d,=d^l BJx6f7

o | Listening to fareNcll conversations EII ^ 7|
Presenling thfee-line . WritiDg a lerter ro fiiends or
Meeting and 4rE5l= rH6l6l7 |
family to ask hoN they are
separation ConvcISiDg about tarewells

. E+ rHE 9]7 |

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Reading drama scripts
. E+el ,l"J AIA6ll^1
6--T'rl "J6l7l
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imagined endings io
Nol-bu
 -€=4^f . .t^l €!l . Noll tt|e(^l) . i^f zlg
. A-(o)L t1lti7l, Numbef garnes

v-E ql+7f
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v-€ dolrf
. t\\.'l ErtolLf

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. V-(o)= Pause purctuated rcadine I Dfcans a0d
rnteryrclrLtrons
:r'r::r:rg abou( opics . 5AE 71.?7lsl SCJE . N(0)!311
_::-': ro lnimNls ancl (nx)d aird brd points . a /\/-i o JE e
of mising animals and

--qq €E zlg . ilo=lol 9rl . A-rl7lErl=. . 6Hr,lZlel E^lZl

t r.1e\plantltim ganre Scicnrilic prirciples v-Ll=LfTlELfE Intonation of -rl' Sundials and $,ater
. FH q: . €01 A/v-2,Jlqg?
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story of Heung'bu and
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\
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ofthe tiger
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I ooling,rl piclure5 rnd rnaking,rorre.

9ll llzl .tE "J7l

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=
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Eitt!r4 . 'SAtel EE'dH^l'

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"Jg . L 871+ Hl$if 'fl010F71'

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e+7|. z+El= a=r1l LfE HJoll

4r Cqs..^|] Lfl
z+E17f ?t7l= eeE + 1 . ll.tlE dJ+ol qal^JEl
6lrltrJ Tl+ a= Eq E fe. ==3=
x1a +7f =rf
9= a
/\lnlo ^ln aot€' =ote= r.48?+J 4ol 9l+Ll
771?

+tE EJ Ell
Aol LJLI

7l? .J E{| q-j4l

'dol
tJLlzrl?
\71
+4 9g fE^l Pt HtrJ 7le4 +0lq E -srEfE,\l
+E Hllgg, attrF olnto oqalsol otts €.
=HJ ql 44ol "Je^lal
^FJol
"J+qrn
26
Tl+ 0lBlll9 q^Ul^.i oJdfErll olzJoHTl Zl C=fiC
a $ e^l'J rl: sl^f ^ld'JE
al^|
ge
^f801g4oloile.
Elrll olscl= t 6lr g
-> ?J .xto trll o ^alE
ru0
=
'ioa
fi

2. 0l0t7lg LflE€ €B-g 4 l E EEgLltrt. q= EE3 Eal E^l|e.

1) Eoll utrl +€ EiItsSl oltrJ 0l^l/.rl7l +6fl flol.e. ulq E{plE rE€
.E9lL cs;1 *tt. .Lt6ql +edE+r
( iile
i4l! zgrP I
^raJol
?l+Llzi?

r 6l/.l qEql oH^l E1^t7l g6lr otslr|ts Eq ealf.ols. EdlTl . .^d^SHolLt

+sHnJql
d8€ 6ll^1 r FJ^l ;totTtdlole. ^ll7l q.J EB got *+Ll
^t+lHg vr?

ll 0l=='!Sg'q|e. rg4 r!+=ol rl.+ rl= ngolafn Eq^j E+71

. tsaJt.Jol + 4ol .J
LE +Af6ll9. +Llrl?

-+Eoll^l t!+el ,'rt+ts Ag dgHol Edqa. : r!+el g+"J E?t

E|ErA 8a= 6tlol ilole. ^1ts
0.l0F7l + oJ- Hle6lts EEgqtrl. .l= EEE Aot E=6|| E^lle.
-0ll
1)

+el gg
^}! de EdolEJ
gleE olill6Jq
. flg4l
6ll^l
^l
+4 *9 + flrll
"J+lq.

+el dcHe sAq: +

f,e,ll $olzlul 6JH nlrl
i+E C"J+^l+lc..

27
a
Lll rEo gEl.7l €
^Jg ^lzlE )g
"Jg "J E! + Hlqle 6ll ruf

o o_

4 B€e bilTl fl= €.1

qle-. 4l7l zl$ol oJ +ol
^l "Jg "J 6E ilqE +
v ztr zlTI'J 613..
"JRI

aaJoleq

. q#g Ell ?7ll+al eEtts "Jt 53 4ol ?l+q,l?

. + ee q+,Je 6. +71 El LIEE ^JralaJLlTp
^FJ!+ ^FJ
 9!+ 'Jc + a= ateJoil EH"-fl oloiTlo=lt E.^ile.
^jE

28
a
n -*8€€ Hq +E +qEql
tu0

la. =infe
m
0l+4 qfdolatE g= Snfe el
=
7f ?]4lols? rl= E^l3oll^l 4tr1=
SnfEG+r=flqe.
E^l$ql^l 4tr1=
=qne?
ollol, rg 471 g.qe.

gEE
t+ rtg ArgE qi? f. trl€oll ol'J gC il=xl "J6fl H^119'.

qril e+ql rl+7l +?ql E:l

lI7lEe. ) ell^1 +gol ELI?l?t
g€xr BBqr ilqe 29
a

)9
ruf
o
r3

o olrll 9+oll tl+7t E:doll E4tiltrt.

o ,,tE 4E EAol Etrlol Ll*tl.

. =al.\Dl,\ dH "Joll=
trt3'J olaoll gol4E olE.!Eol ?lgrl EEiltrf.

. ol4l 7l+el! 7l+altrJ + e7l HJ+= Eiqr:.itl.

^lqql
. qrll o-l+ €g HEsll giltrlLl q+ EEq{q.

TlE6lrl o uy our'aisplay
 eal ul,9E gs.0l.+ €61trJEil9.
=alg
lt;fTl!o ^lE^aJll
Eelg
eel olLlollR. 5"J E"-{q-g. /rl= E nllEfrl g46l-E zql olal= uflE
=alg
0l+ EHdolflE Z e0|-9'. 8+E E6]r. "Je gE dd6l 61ts -+g rfl
30 01fl^le?
o E:lol
=Et6
rllTle? raJ^l Lrole. rll7lr=-+r q eE|- "J€ E ?!
_t
tu0
g uel rallg? "J= ^Fte
+7 l- g.=E1ls. l= reJg =flz=e.
I gl^ 19.
a_r
0 | 1l _pE 4 ?.1 r1l el 7
^
fi EEIg rq= flGl^l raJq.Ele. golTl E gE
tso1 ol^ltsqlE gg
+g EL|TlTl+dxl r!"Er+ Etrt7l 'J=41 =olealr.rafl^l gEfTl
€7fl+al e4r dldrlg.
=olrJole. =
tll rl ^l-dEll
=Ll
87H+al9? 6t6l6l.

t+1 q6E EJEo.lH^ll-".

1) ol^il E= BEoll^l E7l= EblEl 2) IlUEoll gEg EC6l 6ttrt

^fflE^l
"Jg gE gqdtll €blr ,\lTlrl IlTl g gg oJol^l 6lE^l olalt r.!+==E
?J= gE "Jol4 6l'= 48olcl Eel+E Et-d -4go[trt

E tsxl7l frtr} g.!ol Edr. o17l4oltrl

6J501 Lalr 0l+ Hg:d €401tr1 L|l 4oJ 87lr EIC gg3 gr_16l^l ?Jtrt.
^lal

|]:f rlfllg.l. * .,ruot gEg moder srudenr -pE4ol4 to ue exemprary tsol flrl ro tack marurity
-sE6lEl
ro be p€rfect rElE l voruree. work
017l!0lcf to be selfisn t!7lEl ro oJd nancer posnjo,
'ale/pack
tt2 d+elB€oil r|i6t1 er-r6tl H^lle.

I rt g l = A"J FrG= +H-t 9t9Lr9

I
r1l7f-?? r=rl LJo f_".

^E
ul F rrHol-f 8EJ olalTf €Ll:
d'_lo l

=G19.

31
a

E
r:

il
ffi
 EH-+E lLl .Joil +l4iltrt..
=g-d ^l
eE Eg nll -.llGlTl 7l+3 50LJ Uoll trl^l trJLJEf.
Hlulll :f'J-d 4+E171ti g+g 'Joil -a.efol Hcl.
^l

Et rt7l7l Eal E'J + ?Its goil E|l6fl ololTlo-fl -E^lle.

a;;;*ir
\elqe?
..-------'\=- / (
\
rl9 sag
Et ojg +
altt
glqe.
19 oJql \
)
-----..---
JZ flt?r- -/-/
a Iw
L,!-4.
f7
_i
r{0
4
fi
t-
0l+^tg 7[Hq,(l trlLl7l=oLf 4olrlTl AEt= trJ€01 9lEt.
=-L
+ g E?J 6l lE €alalz gC6l Lq=i(oLl dtrll6lr EJgtEl.
=+
H_4EIE
EZ='Jg Hlt! EolLl.=Eol
=El.

+ 7l^l= HlE6lq dB6l| E^ll.E'.

(eHlllqe> (5dr+4qD

33
a

trfi

6
g
F

(rt4el Llet:d4e.l Ll> <5S4^lg'

 q! g tsil_rr= EBolTI Eg a9
E|Se 4EJ*+Uq. q!d gqte'J
7l7l zi! 9l.flGrlE+.
.oloP' "q7) *4 ilq. *a € ElL.,l ggg
'u r€4 xl+ gE trBol7l el^l f44."
felxl gElg gol gLlTlTl +/s4l ol
=EL-r. /7l! .9-9..q --tfr4.r lrL
rL e E e r,\^ll "1.1.
'g^1. €s4. 4€ EJq trt9t= c^l
'olL-], olTlzf ggg;BJ f^]ts A 5.
84.7LI.',
6l^lEJ oITl= 999 :x1z1E4t3 *aol LlHq q +^J3 tsoJ7l84.
L.l

34 gg+L-.]trI. EolE6lTl dq g= EI'JPFAq.'

sBot= 9t9l: e4c Eg d4q. EBol= *aol +^.191^j E"Jg a+
rlrI
1"1.
-,s
714E 6E E Sq^-l 7iE+He.4 ol
r,- OOO .lV\L-Ar lrl
LEE= -+ltl
34
a gEl: olTl= g4q E+^l
"Jil+u
ru0
g
JI
I

t+l gle LHEE _E+E611 E^lle.

1) olTl= ell EBE rfi+Llzl?

2) 0l 0lot7l0ll^l aaJol= qE d4?l zszs;t-lnl? ":i

l--2r-------_
l{ BB mma or latr cryins Alolqq ro pn} oD E€E .]rlcl cryine tErutty (ol7|eJ El4Elropriiy(ababy) *g dded pfisi'nnon
'o.'op
Ef2 e+et olotTlo-|| H 1le.

1) fl'-Jol0t7l0ll^l ".J01
Llg.ts E€rl r d40ll Elld|] 0l0F716ll -H^ilg

4e +rtaJt EEt
LtgLttl

d-\.r.--\
UT ! rt!
--
-
?

Wtt h 35
a

>8
tlE
o_
q
F
4!
2) r!+E0ilXl flgolot7loll ".J01 Lfg= EE= a7l|6t| +^ilg.

+el Lfal olotTlo{l:

+.Hl qalE Ltalq^l Eg0l0l7l= q= E5 olE "Je ,'.l4tgqzl?
^l+g

E7l1 EEe fl'-Jolot7loll 4El AEgLlrt. 3 El trEoll g6l-^119. ', track0s

1) 0l SEel 4l=€ +1g7le?

O EaJol9 d4 @ 0l0t7l +E ezJol @ El+ EaJolE

=€
2)
:dt EILJolotTl +0ll Lf+Ltts EaJolel e+€ E+ rE(|e.
o +^18 EaJol €) ol443 EaJol

@ +^|fl-d egol @ eial flts EaJol

3) 9!'-J0l0F7l0ll EBol7l Edst= o|ets +lgq4?

^f+

+Hl ol*tg 4 ++:dEll 9!'-J0l0f7l= ".j01 E*aLlnl?

E7 12 q-'EaJolef LELII'af= fl golotT loJLltrl. E Er EEq g6lllle. t, track

'#'ry'#'ff
0e

1) 0l olotTloll +71 Llg=rl EF ?=lls.

'mfl
aaJol 4Ll+ E'I

2) +e f.eE Hn 010[7] +^.l0ll "tll flA= ]$lls.

.|\ |

2-E l€cture *lolcl to app"* rlE6lcl to tott'". Ll:rqlkvere, ?Ettobedeep ?goll8[lrlqtoia inahole ZLl|4 to pull our/remove fiom
E4 absolutelyr never II|BJ please: for goodnes sake pinetree EJ+E Fcklessly; withoul rhinring IlEtrl to cur ofi gA bull
!$($ used o express hoppi.s +lolLll4trl rojur'rp ^Ll+ F.tlol without incidenti smoorhly
down
 3) tf^l EH+oll^l EE= *0l^1 E^l6l| E lls
=r. ^l.E-.J

flLJolotTl= -g ql E7f5-d zal-r. Eg rql

fl fl'J fl'Jd tr -= zlTl9t4ol9.?

f-l -lal Fl olL- LJ
n Ecll -xl LjE zlGle
Ll -r oJ?tGLlEt
T -rlu "J.E
oJ rfig

I -fl'Jr-lcf

EJ6l7l raJg !i;r 9lr-J0l017l= 6ll .H.^llg.

eu *'rot
! --J/ -- ; @D
--J/- 6;) --Jrt --

!-9
aln
?xqe?
---7t'- -- , @;)
-->.- @D
'-z/-- 37
a

)c
o_
Ezlel4+ol T
F
4!
 +ll qalE Ltal'oil= q"J Z+ uofTf fla|7/l?

917l -d+sl Z= +lql€ "Jr g"-f^lle.

=30t1

=Jt {lt+
99 ag44e1 gqlzl: gSolE+: otEol ?,lgE+. dl=qt^-l 4eiqtsEl gt
^llag
38
c EF4l9 ol=qe r4^l _r=.r*oe Luqe+
Bol trlgql Dfgg trJ=r (f
a =flE+.
l" EIE€ tr+4471
^l4t9ltr|.
S8e
^lBEqlZl
b^lA: Er+ I BE: Bg 7t=4 +r
lu0
I g + 9lE+ Eel+gtr+.
i3oJ6l4l
JI 939 Elgqt^J Bxl gJe *ql aBote+ gol €_il 919tr1.. cq6lzt
^IBEol
a^lg E3 sBolel g3 Elr dq^l s8g *olfiLt. ^ltrl:
Elzl B4:il + 611
^lElol ^lB|0l
q6t= sBole+ gqlAl gae qg4 aol EJ9ttri.
"59 +ql^l +4 trlEEJ E_7 E g 5oJ.lHg ts^l ?Jo.E € + glg aolE+."
^l#ol
oBolel ge +r+ ElSg 7l^lr a#-d EE +otr Eqaq. reql 6t+7i xtq_r'
ol=ol Hil_rEg trr-g +7l-s.qE+. qBol= e7| tsl
^lLlrq€^laol ^lLlE ^lg+= =E
El^l X6l--il Elql EEql^J I+9e4 419.3 "Jg ge gzf^l trt.a 7lq4^l EleLu
ol=tr]'8 q^l7I Eg4.
ol E= a€ €lte olE4e q^le
^l4E
E-d c, aEe+ 3eg 6ll^l olol= Bgltr|.
f ololTl dltr 6J=3 *lg 413 EtEol+. tr
E3'ol^lg'ol4: *qt +4= !l?-z 5t'
oielr gRq.

a {]if mvtr $rrng gB

+DulNon 0lEsatlic
,n}rhorogical figurcr Dangun s
61"! !!rlishr '-F-t6ttrl
rarhe, LlalqEtEl
ro bc pirch dirk
ro rook do\u q^4El to
slElEl bcndure EfdLl] inrhccnd
rure ts,]'llrf
llleEl
to rnm EEcalc
ro\er up/e(rbtistr
a{l Korcr's l'lNr kin_sdonr
 1) trlg +zl= l{ E ile.
=80JE=q
*fEer + sJ*
6lEel gal e!3: 0f4^le[ olE

rJ+ t'l 9Li -JT

6t-9,:rt 9r i .9r iol El= .

2) 4 ?lB=01 ++ gg =el=^l
"J6ll .H^lle.

Er* .6aJol -JE

3) trfg Eq= ge q^l oJo-H E^1g

^lE6ll^j == ?o
gl'J AA trAal+ EzJol a
EIE !4 g I!= aC Ltat=
^"ll?trl
iir
''e
'i5

T
E
E
jA7l qalE Ltatg {!Efq LlatEi aTllo-|ts ul E^119.
^ll3 ^FJ=€ =€
 Illil rast

f=JE EL 8g"-lq rt|El?l= olotTl= trJ=ol E^lle..

.-r,, +ge olotTlol I +EgLltf. olOlE olotTl= $Ecl H^119. (=JE^l p.198)

ol! LJ Ll ) Lll
-"JAB ;il0|ltr|.71
oJ al g8-rol Blils
3J ojot 8J+qt I lg .c.n cfrpf
3 gln 4oiln g,l
Ll trt. eLl ! 6J ilTl 9l
9A
91611trf.

40
a
_t
f,{0
g
IE
rlr
9 pf5 0l0f7l=-.1+=0ll7lr g_tr"h tr!19
_. =JE_r

' Lf Tl Elol OloLTlaL

r_r Hl;;r;ll
_t4vt!,.t!, rr ..rlo
+Hl +3 EEe olr5l E=4 -J?F+LlDl?

6llil: d9tr€=9 1tX.Fl, d€ +el 5€olLl. q€ .Jql Llldil XC!"J +"Jg Lllelzl *
^lrJ=ol
6l,E ;l+ql^l 6llil= 4el!.L]] *r
rEg ++d] +*+:1 "J+. :111 .J: +ql
^lEIql: +elEol
o]]il5 +571E qlq. r';71 ulEql LleF= r]'. a1-3- o3o1 Cel+?l .J;lE+ 6f: elulqll a+?
"Jql dlil ^,lg +9.n zJg gEls qEE +slg^l'J *qlE 6lil "J t.l ";r+.
olfl *g trj ^Jg a
^l€9 t4
2008Ljql 6ili1.= olol-3-o e ddilr+.
^l:
)€
tul
6
{
E
CI

^84
qalE Lfafo{l= q"J ddel EEO| ?l6Llrf? r EE3 olgzl dar _E qE -dE 7l^l_r
Lt+71 "J= EE?l^l 0l0F7laH E^lle.
^18

on \ n.rni !\ i rrt. \. r! rrfxtrr. €9+E rrsrrtqNfcs Adolcl ro s\.rbor,ze !€ r.!.tur dJc.fdltrl r,, ]dgr rJal go\c meDr oli.irl
4=s+ rL, emr,roidrr At,urue \r(ioii r\$onbl) tsuitdins SrrLr €€ s, rr,,r 0l0EL<r d€6tElLo s.rc.r eLE rnrcon
=isl.,{'ltJrrie
 a,
+ql Eol Hlllg.. tracklo

1) -gtrlLlril^j g!0l017l=
^jLl0lrl =al+trqg.
2) Eal * gr 4e 6l^[.
=Hl

+tl HJtsol
?]ts "J Floll '01, ot, q, e,3, 0H, ql'7f t'JEIE 'Ll. Lt, Ll, h. h, LH. L1l'e ggEJLltrt.
'ol, ot, q, .s, +. .n. {l' are pronounced'q, +, Li, Jo, +, Ll, t-ll'. when following a consonant.

9! + ololTl * flLlo]7| -+'TgtrloPn

:e!E'+9.e1 + =elt1'al

a
_i
tu0
g
t+ E=-zqa1 6ll El1l9.. t,track11
fi9
1) A 01fl HJ-+oll 7l+ qdJ= 7t7le =*+E^19?
B Lll, dllEqdJg 8oJ 7lEH7t EIlg.
^lEolal^1
2) A ol718"J +^13 olol7lL1lg.
B Lll, d^ll 010[7la[= ?i0l ETlrl g0fe.

3) A olrll ++ gil*qe?
B F g6lE *=Ell
^13-oe ^ll0|flflqg.
4) A 9E 9lols?
^lqql =E-sr "J+qf+01
B Lll, c=g rl+el 1q9.
^lq
1. q8e +d olFlgLltrl. +oJ6H E^j19.
==
- /ol
pJrl to have many fea$ n gal6ftrt to be clever/bright

ri =' TtrL to be like a bear n gcol "Jtrt to be geedy

r- -!a1.9. Hf-L to be ridiculed/teased tr ed|= ?tr|. to repay a kindness

fl ++Ei 6ttl to take revenge tr olf l7L o lrl to be faithtul

r-l H{9 Ht-L to receive punishment n dgdol "Jtrf to have a lot ofpatience

T-l -r-rl,\lrl
Ll al.l: "r-l to be foolish n 87ll+aleEl to be like a green frog

o TELI
F-_1 .r.t
LI VI-T lrl to be like a fox n Egoteq to be like a tiger

2. oJ"*E riE Eal EflEl= Sd6ll H lle.

t+3
1) A 4al .ul7t g.a.!EJ0ll r-BFoll ElLlittrlE,\lg? a
B Lll, "-Fq I ^l
_ E
rul
2)A rlTt flril Lt,Jqa? o_
g
=4g Ll-rJol9. F
B

3) A gsoJolLlzt €g ,ul ets8 Eoil fldr|e?

B g,Rgg ri+= EJLfla[ q H]g 7i gEqle.
^

4) olrll Etal?.ul7l d=olE 6fl^l rl?Eol .E'F ElaE rl E0ll ,Jtrt. 'i?l: 3^l0l
LIE tsllEJol Lt^l q= +71 sg.trl-.

3. -d+qE g + ?lE aql .'/ 6t^11e.

I rl+el 8E= eTbtq "J--J + ?ltrt.

E fl.-JolotTlEi a7H-g + 91trt.

n 0l0t7lE Er 0l6|lEt + 9lEl.

fl Z+ {!+= oJr. tlEl= 47fl61ts

=E
€+ 91tr1.

holbfi (r 8bElzlE El6 lloR € lkR+1z/GIEBIEG+i!lybe a|]rEFrF lloEE lhG FR0'z

 11 Language and life

,l
.'

1. F gnlel e|] EJaifi+4zl?

'J0l=
2.
=71 gzl Elfl+Llzl?
dcee +xE

I
ol +l . trlg-d EJel
Using different ^t€i
ways of saying things
.Eol^l'tg
=d
Characteristics of language use
. _an

EHTIEE 1
. Avlv-rlalr(g)
. N^lr
. EoJ.J EH-d Ea I|^16[71
"J6171
O{fering ^fEoll
opinions about portmanteaus

EH3} Ets 2 . A-trt= ?ie Nql^1/N(o)e g + ?Itrf.

v-r/Eqi 4e N0ll^l/N(_o)tr .J + 91tr[
. Noll el6tE

. oJTl
Elr "J6t7l E=4^l A7tl6l.=
=
Reading an introduction to Konglish
. a--Joll^l el+ol 47l|6f7l
^lt6l=
Introducing foreign languages used in your hometown

Eu EJ6t7l . el+q r|]=d Ttu trE E7l

Listening^lEoil
to debates for and against foreign language
. E"J.J 1€0ll Ell-d TIHJ qal
-E7l
Listening to conversations for and against portmanteaus
. tlloll +:6171
=g"J
OfTering ^l.toll =Z ^ll^l6E
proof of and assertions about portmarteaus

"Ja IAT| . eel g:*0ll t|'-d taj gpl

^lE
Reading a newspaper column about swearing
. flol E|I6|l +€fE 71
^tEoll
Writing =^
assertions about language use

!t dl . E+q rll-d 1E EE
^tEoll
A one minute debate about tlre use offoreign languages

+El+t4 . rflB^t'3d'
The pronoun'$,ll'

. Hl36t'7lqe'
'JE Nasalization 'zl $ {'
 1. tfgt-d "Jel tH-d E-.JoJLlEl. rJ4l?t= "J= 0l0F716l{ -H^119.
^l8oll =al
+gol= qal6frt elaflol=
qg 6flEfltrf ^lE6ltrt
Hl=6frt
="J"JE]{

';f 'olafg o-] 901 Lll, s+ LJol

$olat ^laJEol
gtJqqle.
^tEEt: . .9.+ EJol trl
^FJEol
al nf: +"Jq: +ol
"JLlrl?

tr
fJ V'
. nJ+ql,{ oJol

'J"ll trrlls.
^f€_Eln
9l: qaHqE rf.! 7f,.1

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olLJ Edol 9E'E'01 [r]e
When a consonant other than 'e' precedeg 'e', 'e' is pronounced as Iu].

I + t
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= =010ile?
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l -7lctel
memory I sl^laEol SElrf to communicate uell

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l l /\f,\fzl inragination fr ll H1+dftf to have a habit of using

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fl ol+lzl vocabulary I rl=etlzolEtf to feel a scnsc of intimacy/

taniliality
to have ample ability
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I q3 6|1 LHtf - IO Swear/CUIsC OUI Eo-lal abilit), to expfcss

fl el41q=
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== =lghp =Ely
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Environmental problems
. Ezoll tll-J
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Things don€ in regard to the enviroment

EElIEfl 1
. v{o)alEl(71)
. AvlV-{e)aIlE trI
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Reproaching wastefu I ft iends

EE!+ gE 2 . Aao)L7l?.v-E7n
. NEI^I

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\\'.. . +Z HE gH 47ll6f7l
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E! EJ6l7l . Efl-d h4 E7l

^l+loil
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.8fi T||goll Ell:d ttlEt E7l
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. arEflsl
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P{r s7l .71+ E5loll tll-d 7l^l oJTl

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'Ete ElPll EH-d

^ problems
71
Writing about environmental=
481 . q=^18 E7l
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Erl tl*4 .'0tEtrt37l4l'

Beautiful Store

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Pause punctuated reading I

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'JE .5d +=l + E3'Eg.ol'

Liaison pronunciation after final consonant rules'p$ol'
 1. EZE E^f6t= EtrgLltt. "f= EEE oJdH ts|^119.
=al
Eg.ol E^lIltt 9lrl 40 e 7lE*lrl
EZ:IIIEEtrI=rlol ^l HlzJoll LJalq

" Eflol gilll Hftrl€

_{oJ qE
^J+l ELlrl?

I
"E-oez;qr151q1
7f E 4ol 1+Ll7P

" 'lJ'Jrll Es:lqH

golol gle_7f 9?

85

L
rlll0
4
fi9

2. 7lE= LIEILH= EtrgLltrf. "j= €E= Eaf E^119.

7l+01 ug
€elq 7lEol 8ifl6ll^ltrl
q47l EJot^ltrl ElBol
^lEdllrl+

1) 7lBol 5rl.
^lg6E =4g
. q.Jrll nf"J c4al7[ '_lof

2) tLlnn
ul-go1 *EEl (l *11 .d9t-6ll {lq.
, qal€+ 9lzll 7f+ol g
3) ol{+ol s.tsl^l *n 4l*61lzlr} Elli 'j,J+Llrp

4) "+"J lol Sol € Fal+ LZol

=rl
3. ra€ Hr r!+ef olotT16l| E^lle
@l Eflol +sol Ptt
nl
Etot v| H tLlol nI Jao lol n
L5 Ct d^v
I
I

. +1€!-1+Sol'JElr
{7rr'bJ+Llrf7

. qE oJ-e HJl-fgo
I
oJ!61

ofl E 4ol 9l+Llrlz

. +al +BJq[1 *oJflol

E:ol q E lll? oJqLf:. oJql cHnll^l
oJ.nll tr^lls.

87
ell Lt8 oJ rl? 6

r+

.19
lrlt
]J
010
 04a.
r-: It Atgoll "*xl 0l0t7l= oJeol E^Jlg

rl ?l+: toJ eJq8fle. .i.otol B

88
a
-.
ru0
g
fi
I
m
vr^
l, w\
,t-i. I
e<'.-->J

ot 6j4Eqli fl: EIol ljt+_E: qsJslrlql al nel

flqe. etAql.e..

otHol| 5qg ,t!E ^teJg gat ,!^JLJe sa:

*Eri 4 9lE 1 Eole. ?l+ ele.

I
 A e=3 + HJ 8^--JZle.
B fel]? HJ 846L! zoll48 €1E 6ll
=
A 8A= ltGt-e.?
^||E
B Llt, G|DILI C= !4afEoll z zql qlg g'Jol ?]ot^l eol #qe.
^fal

, t# rfB
^FJ0llll
+E3 +E-l-g^l ol0t71611 H^lle.

. otEqt t -e.al 7f: Rqt :

... rtoJ +
^lEl
+^JIg.. /
'-' s9 I
\-\
*j
al
;lt-r {

fJ .19
'J1
i

# r'\\-1\\
\,e
uQ )V

olEql ef Eai 7l:

r1+ollZl

afE€ #olai=
846t=' E8oilZl
E0ll0lEoil1l

ll,/\llLl.g. Elr lfl

d7'lrldtts tl+ollll
Ejnq 7|E rl?0il11

I
 €+ dalE q=d ,Jtrl.*tElE^le? qHqe?
tllrl
=El €"J ESO| E!^lT! qal HEI-.-= gg +71 flqe.
r{o =9tolP.
7l7l doll='JDl lJDl 6ltrlLl 0l+ Eleoil
^l=E
6T Elg.
=flLl
del Ljl, E Tlr|] g,0l rl+-
qelrJ=E1l&olE t!, HltrlE Hlrt. trl
90 €9 EafE e^loll Eddl HJ-d EglolLjls. Tp2tl^l Z Zotl €^tS.otls. =trlaEg.
7t -E.^l
a
n
r#qe?
[{0
4 ?J rstlE 8{lEoll ,J01e. Eolet^1 €'01 gE trl! HlaJq g4^l gEt
rd' =el =g0l
fi el +?lBol E a,J9tolg.
I{O el, "J'J 7lEol 846l|^|Etll9.
=olEg'Jol
4al f=6? +e 9l= E^lst= rE rf= E3olflqe.
=rlol ^l

q!+1 cH;t='JEolH {s.

1) 4l+-Eoll trlLlg.trl- 2) ,Jg-Eoll ,JQ e.cf

ral EoE 71.=-d .Jg $5e.e gz:lalEE €qrtlol

=Eol
84Lltrt olElE 84Ll+
^lBE
E4EE Z+ g61lEE +361trt

gz eiE
'-J^rlE olEtrlfl^1 ntal a5=a1 HlElTt Egtol Egrl^l
fB eq g+E E! 8E eq

w E
E4le
sp€cial; panicular tsFlcl
hirins tail in Jeju-do
ro b€ enamoredi to have a

afl.E
ausl on a|lE
provinces in rcntreasrem somh
an;sland in sourh Jeolla
Koea €q l a mounraii
province
in cangwon
p\t broad;
pmvince EdllgJ
rvide g! scenery
Eas! sea Sho.e
8E vi€w; scene
9!t2 xtztzt qe ilE BAq EZ= E,'.t6|] H^lte.

Blg= 4? dq^l a+e *=

= eJqe.
+a ,J+

Lll. 7lrll 01.30 flole

ral PJqs.
's'i"it tr-.
i ,
 EE:zr qgE 6lt-Ll q-"J= Sr Tt= 1l
'-iqr g4-dtr[.
^lalal
0l=11 E6l= /.lz0ll Ej^l= Elt-Ll ,Jo17l= 1l
'-i4,1tr1.
^lalel
raJ4l HlulTltrJ 6lr. tr"to1
fl= qlq
^l'Joll^l 'J=
#4El-.
^lelal

g+ 7tg #q6|E aq E|J6ll EJ6ll E^lls.

zltldqd+€+l :

4uF4 +zt
ArufTl El^llLl €EJE€ Ef^l7llolg.
=alEi ^faH
aa
a
.>
rul0
,l+.$q6l: t^ :

4
lOl'
JI
I

7lA dq6l+ rd4E

^l*:

7ltrl dol6l+ gsi :

zlt dqtit I :

8 ZllFlEl !o so flar
. +al flLl= +g= g6lrltrJ Ll= ELlet
=4
+g0ll 4E0l 9,tr1".

. r|-= gzl 0l +rll=01 g $fltr|..

o ^lq4 rl'Jflgll^lqq^l=
r H-+=rJg ,J= qet -Jfl tJaJ?-401 Ll+ trdol-,ltl ,\l,tl Tlqalot=![El.
=g

ct$ sEE rtl6ll 47l16t| H^119.

^lE6E ^ltloll
r'l: c?lel gal €Bol rJgtJ
EELtEl. ilSqlg oJt oJol oJ
iil oJtrJ lijaJ cotrtoJ t!
^.i
ill rl oJ -..- .

93
a
(.

19.
tll!

olo

EeJ]specrator;vie*er
 4E q-dg 7lE g + gl= €tr]tr8 gg q dl eq. €aq
:1 xlqq^JEJ
e + S= 6il H: qtsololEJtr t€-d q-"JoiEEr g4dl7l qlE
=H-d ^il=dC
oltrl. ++r+ 6I= €H-d q="Jg 6tLLl q"Jg oJ zl= 4l R4.r.g4
^e4
9rt+
-gEl
tql €&se q=gg 4LigE+. :]*ollTlTldql oJEl'tee,.fl gxJl5,
ol 9ltrl: ag gzl ER4. '!fl p^ltEe q=.?xilErl 94 E^l=
EeE 1LJ
l=*[r +q qlBol El: g^ilEoltr|.
A^lEqE4l6ll^l Ag q4C47ltri-HU EA
9^Jl$ol 6lr+ ftfirl. CSol €4Tt AtEg
^l
Hltrl= Hl4-H.E^l Ll €xl= r^l^J p4l
^l^lql4l
Eql Egrl. 1LJ +ql E^l= p: L'?3 qEzl.
+54 !4= atrJ S76l= gAldg +ql^J Hq
L| tre]-d q?trgg !u + gtflE otH qeg
1E +qlE Tlqg+ qlfleE €aq.

E+1 gtg qtEE EfE6fl E^11e.

1) qgE 7t^l 4 61ts "Je +qgLlzt?

2) atsiq^J -d ge +qgLlrl?
=E6l
3) 'LaJ +iJl5'01 trt= +illE"t trtE Ee +g.JLlTtl?

4) lLJ +ollE 7lq6'[r de ?j? +AgJ.jjts?

f-}
l{ T.JEalcl o ue r.vg"nuine gillE postbox +6,J uncondiriona y 9l6tcf to requesr q+EE re$vay
E+.2 d+q olotTl6ll EA|e

1) q="J€ 7l^1 4 dll -fl= oJ0ll r|Isll 0l0F7l6ll

-H^119.

rl: q3J9 TloJ r.i:4oJ cg rEJqt ?t^1

^ltql
7f el!.. el1 Llil oJ ...... .
+ ?ltrlE ol^1e. eil LtiloJ.......

95

l9
ruD
:{
010

2) qalEol q="J= 7f^l 4 dflH: oJ= 47|l6fl E^119.

Il= q=d= 7lE 4 6ll H= g0l ,El Tfrl ?l6Lltf. ra-e

aoJLltrf.
=
n|]EgLlrl..

q=d= il= ql
^l'JE I
 +Hf +3P e+toll ?,1= dAtel EE"JLlrf. qE
=!01
?l=^l "J6H E^lle.

-lx-a

E211 Lf=3 3=Bdl LH.J grL|]gl-lrf t F,j ";5 tfa.[ ]B

1) lqq +l.J €Eqe "*= aE ne^lle.

o g got 44EJ I€
+sl sEolrl.
=+al
, Lll olal Er 7'!3 rt^l sl E!= 6l-r o. tl.
o Tl^l.J Ecsl E9l7l= g E-.J6f:i1 ?lrf.

96 rH-J dB 13 ne^lle.
=3!0ll = =aJ
i O qlloll Llalsl g^f= olE *oltl.
lllo
q =
olSr.rl E0 _?+01 713 ol€-JLl.
lii =eil ^l0lo{' =
I o Bltrfoll tlJ7l+0 77HoJ 8el raJ0l ral^l ?llf.

+Hl c,al9 7l7l doil 0lal dl= EoJLlzl'?

=g6fz]l =Hl=

E7l2 Lt=?qg^loll^lol tllEfoJ Lltf E=r trE0ll .J"=l^llg. trac[ ]9

1) LJ^fef qxfTf e= Tfaln .J *E +^J4e t4^ll-".

2) F TfalE *0ll 7f^ 0l?= +l"Jq7f?

^faJol =a
O NSHJE=|:

a,\lEf

UI BAE',,,',,. , Lr, r | | . E+a .roD.b,tr!. d6riirrr r.ln T4Erf r, ll,r!. T1= r r)\ rh jfnLxiin,nr
€5a0]91tt'.]..|r]]r..r1]h.|L|:.is.o]Li\.rj|n0]E.rl(l.n'l.sLlj!".'.LLH.JL|l(.n.[ot]l3cJ1cc
ts6E,eLcn r,,||i,L,rgu, i8+ErJ \r,,,.,r frlrf . \ttr\rrn, rr' N,n$
E0 q+7f olLf7l+qqFeLf ll ,, r, fr r
'
(l(l* ril0.rir!. rhf o(lr.,,n.\.!l{Lnfrln,r\,1lbf.Nrnrt,!r.or,.\,{lrLi.iLr\j
 3) t,l^l ttl+oll^l /.lE6J EE= *01^l E^l6ll E^119.
=!
EBC Eil d'J= Eflg EII

tr -E = =aJq tr ola^lEJg+gt^|,+l
n rygz r lol
tr 0l1l floI
n -g =
+7t "J?t4ol tr _E dlEJo lLll

n -g +'+oil flflq tr €"J -n Cfl=Sl

86171 =JalT! zlqql q6fl EE"t aEJg 0l0t7l6t| -H jle..

I
aG;,;.,ill
.t E Eilq.
\*
97

f-tt *""* *i'l a

"----
vloJ6ll.
!- _,/ i9.
rl1lr
!qo

+.9ol e+^l +B"JEgql,t:Sl EI+el+ql

zlqflBEtg !Jd9EEol EilE Elzl *6]l^l
6l^l*q+a+ €qlaq^J d€+ac+ s= a+
B+Sba+
 +Hl qBe EB^lel
^l-EoJLlrf.
ol*ql qg= z+E +q= -g +
ol-9 r]lot

oJzl +E q-"J Tfol=q= Bl! g6f^1e.

=80il

olErl8 -d7 r,r1 5g

Ege 5447l-6t "Jg *oltrl. E^l7l r4 f^l gg gEJ olu4 44nJ qE qq=^l
7J + o^)71truEql xlTl fiqE €a + il4. r+tsl.os 4^la 109,
=g6i ^lgql^l=
qltq^l:2^l7J8E7l a4I +c, B+ +s E^lqt^t 7l7lE qBxl 9j4.
=:

q^= Efr 6oJ^l5'ql^l Ll]4E Eg"Jel olTl^l7l-d E+9 € +

98
gl.q. a47le+ I4tsu= 7a6lq eE+ HE Blgol ilB6ll€ aolE+.
a
g? 3uc €g^ 3q !:
38oJ 6|]tlE€ g + oJr Aifql
[{0
g 9l:7l4lqt^lE 599 EEoJ cB'c'tc + 9lr|. =xlq
=+aBnl
fi9 ,m
Bl+tl rll0lETt O\r\!oooOo$o$$O$\t'J
5gq gE+E Eqql^l xllg
d zllol9zl(1975m)E E+r U
qE €+7lql= Eg qloJ
^l= +ag 4€ +d-dt|. /l
ol e^l gJE+. 6J=ll Eg ql
olETl= Elr Dl=tig g47l
5oJ Eg€rg El=pI5€^19 E+3 -"JEql g + 9lE+.
ojg 6l!Ll alr 4l*
^lela
= Hl4ql
H6ll €4d +Sol ',je €=4 += EIEIE trE ell e EJEJEoI'+ Pl.€g 0lt6l
ol*01 ql+oJEg r-sroJ^l oJ4 g 40lE+. aol €4.
=
+^l - ++''"rHJ
,4\n19E
gEJ ABq 94 g +ql ol
+4E B^l 9J3 ?Elql e8
5e +Eql= Et c=ot Ll q+Ar] +?xl= Aol E:
E+. r
6ql^l oJ=r+
gElolLl. BJg uil
^EllgE:
g€ol ol€871tr eB6l'^l ^l^l
^l Elr dql=+4
7lE^J EqE a
d4t7l€ol FJol *:
dolq. q =
c +dEIEl.
zI{3d}+ql 2-34 eeqq 1^lA30g€eAE}.

a --Jf pon $$ achy in Sonrh cyeongsans Province

SShoncybrcad ol=tfa nNuntain ir
e![7 scacul naB|I
rongyeong 0149] anrsr
fishirs bo.r BEspe.iarr] €+ZBJ
rn ntrnd ncar'ronsycors
a regioralgimbrp
oJE ndse 9Esunscr
fr7!! pasengerboat oJHld privlte lodsjns trJl.! p""'i"" gdol+d
^ollE-Eseasoned squid +Ziltudish kimchi E0ldelicrc\
. 1) Eg-doil= +Eol flaq4?
2) 0l=^i 4l0l=71.= EtE +1'= + glaLlrt?
=
3)

4) Ege olE g^lol +EgLl)1|?

5) trt3 trJol= /.le-6fl 1 g]e E[.\l EJ6ll H^lls.

=€

qalE Ltalel qe^E 47116l'= r4 H Jle.

=€
99
a

+4 Llalel rllE4gl qe^E 47li6ldaLlEl. rllTl 47fl6t4= *g I

t9
0[
J
4o
 q=drl= 17l|dl.= 7tolE+E trJ=q ts^lls.

@ Lt+q +7ttEt q-drr= Ear E^1rg

==

$ ,^.y101t1 qoz TfolE+-- oJ=q E^lle.

^fE=

f,cfl{ rirle}
rl4sl Eil +4ol
100 qgq 9= *
a
-t
Ilo
4
lI q7l= 4 7t H.^lls! otot-E -g.,^'tzl I
9

O rrct=+c trtE rl+='ilxl^7tlo-fi H^ile.

+Hl . qalE8 q,E qcE
=ol--JLl77f?

471^lqc

oJol
H-7l +-4q6J
dJ+g ;
+ _/^JEg ^I€ "t +sl +4C €zlltr -E-n
tsI+q ,l^lg LJ6l7l +1611 +q"lec rJ+. aFqti, +E
-fl, j1so6Ji trll 44 1el aE 7lq E^i+4zlt a+, +
+, +q F.l+ zlgol ol-=49 €s]&, zll+E zlE oE t 101
rf. ESEoI +go} 7l4q: 6d^lel!. g + 9lrl.
=E6J 6

gEI(MT) I
qlElsEe adlalzl 9ldl gq€ aq. 'gEl(Mr)'Y fllx
^1tr
membership traininge] EzlE -BE 1E 2"J dE TlBAl olo
q]+: qdSolri. El€€ gn oloITlE ++E^l {6ll
^Js
e Tlcl€ ,,tj1 4l.Jg 614,+ d6llll gErgq qq
,ll _E sri.
=A
^lrJg

AETJ
o-r qalE Lfatoll^1=:+r0il rt.J rq qE qeE aLlzt?
Ll+71

+g qd a rip ibr relr\arion 4--JGBJ school fieldrrip gEl Mr oJIl abbreviation

 +fl ECI E'q|9.
Ir track4o

J) qal HEtTlEaolg4^l flaLlq.

2) g'-*9.01 Lt= ae qEoil trr= E +7t gl+Lltrl.

+tl 4e-4 ee 3+0ll gCE g8ol Ir], Ic], Iu]E Htt!+ Eeqol gBELltrl.
In the following cases final consonant pronunciation changes to [r], [r], Iu] and then merges into the
initial vowel ofthe next syllable.

1) F Eol= -Etzll g.6F= e?

Pronouncing two words together, as ifthey were one

ftf*! -> I
I !+I '+ I
102 If*! -> I
a
: + EolTl:d EolTl E z+
Pronouncing two words that have become one

I +I-*I
lll|o
4
'IJ
c

E +I*I
T -=-I
E+ €El rtal 6l| H^lle. t, track4'r

1) A L|lg Eg0il E + ?lole? + eE Elel E+ +^ile'

B Lll, g0l Lroll.l F erlE Eele. :=t g0l Eflol d7lLllQ.

2) A olE zizJolg? El-3oll Eqg?

=. ^tg
B A?lAte LEE^I g?t:Ell EJg+= oJ
"J= a'Jole.
=rl]le. ^le+
3) A +g Stoll q|g r=Eg + q €=E ElEll . .
=€
B .=4 7lEl4 Hi. I .EE EtE LllT[ ^lE
^l-=11.
4) A 3E 0l4l Efiqg E se,qq
^lrfdlaiE
B 4€01 Fll^l E ?taqe. 'J'1fl01 EAflEEilE €+-Et)7t Hl EalLlle.
 1. q8e +fl olfl"JLltrl. +oJo-lt E^ilq
=€
F-l otot^l
E 7l+ol ug
*alct to feel liberated L l = tir'vl without a word

n zlEol8ifl6fl^lrf to feel refteshed E qalTl "Jol^lrt to have one's mind betome clear

tr to be hlled with flowers E Hlgq gal+ to flap in the wind

=eezF-atcl
E egaol ceaselessly E "JHgol night and day

-'l .Eol^|
L l EE "l endlessly fl dszJ
==trl
to be dyed red/colored crimson

I Eaol g^lrltrf to be endlessly spread out I +aot innumerably

I ol€ol xlE6|1^ltrl to be calm minded/

composed I =rlol ^1
gltrf to be standing in lines

I 2. g"*g ag Eal E|1i+= gd6l| H^19.

1) A 7lE-^tT!0l0ll9? ?T!,rE tLlst g0l -J?tLllg. 103

a
B ,84 Z Hl+6t^lEJ flLl= _ d40l gg:d rlolq|e.
2)A SAqr Eflqe. 483 01.=0ll
^|lE ^18= ^l| =ols?
SA0lIl gg trJ6ll9.
J.9.

B E+ E+ tlju

olo

3) A ol^ll ,\ElE letl-g

^tl7l ^te{q|g.
B !.4E Tlnl E6t|9..
^l=
4) A Al Z"JE olgll ".+ol 'J=ol *qe?
tJ z'J de= ".Jol ,'\t.l\l r!+= aE'JEflqg.

3. -.J?ole -'J + 9lE aq / 6[^il9.

n EeE-E^l6lq "JB+ ?ltrt'

tr Ll"Jg Ce ggE 47ll-'J + ?lEt.
I llqol E3E Elti+= Ea HE"[ d"J= EE-g + 9ttrt.
n qcTplE+E?.lr€+91tr1.

lhFz a=j? Efz lly (r 6brv+ Eg 1"1?1Y l'r-]glFT fYlrh 1106 (e lrBB Elzl*E EE BIoEE € rcE l6Eo'Z
 ,
*

n4 il

l.ack 42

1. qrl= +qg #q--J|-litl.?

^lr
2. q^lb *g golLl,nlzl g + gt6Llrl?
 ol +l . r& erl
Survey results
. +aJ H6t
Quantitative changes

: EH4Efl 1
. Nql rq"a(^l)
. A-(o)L qlEf(7f),
v_: rllr(71)
. E7f01l E|]6ll 4€dt7l
"JitlTl
Worrying about the price ofgoods

'' Egrl EE 2 . tr-(o)r {0lrf,

\ /-! ,\lln lrl
. Noll Eal6l.trf
Ir'''. g.lr "J6l7l . i^fo{l tH-.J 9l7l
l+ Reading about oumbers =
. LfalE +^tel #ol6tts i^f "J6f7l
=oldlE
Speaking aboirt numbers liked and disliked in different countries

"Jdt7 |
. ?.ld4oJ :.J+ EEI6 l +^ E7l
=r =rl
Listeniflg to Dews repons about impressive survey results on
Korean culture
. old4oJ uill Hlgoil rfl-d rflsl E7l
Listening to conversations about ideal body ratios
ry
.ErllEoil rH-d dl1e BJE ll^l6t7l
Offering solutions lbr problematic points

9.lz llzl . +lg rH-d 7l^l 9J7l

=Hl
^lrJoil
Reading articles about employment preparation
. tr q/? 7l,l t't'71
=
Looking at charts and writing articles

zl dl .lig xlt-
SuNeys

eqt!4 .+^l llg

Number games

'JE . +^l.el g3
Pronunciation of numberc
 1. a^l 3q€ dB6f= EE"JLltrl. "*ts EEg Eal "JEll H ll9..

*J+.ll^J *l+"-rE E,{+! X+ qf^d

2O4+ EHL!e-z zAl+ *HtLtLl.

106
a
.>
w H:r7lg
e+'Z'a
+
fi9

2BeBaEl=
+

i^} EIIE CT 9I+ TJAJES EJBBI a^l Aq€ trH el+ El^JEg $aHlil€ +
"lC
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oic 34t qleg^lg
+ottEt! ^J4sJLt4. ^lllq=E
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?4aP1 o l/\ltrlrl oJolslct

=7t6ltrl 5r!Erl :1E.LI Ll|AIq
=vtetrl =vt=-l

2)
oro'nlrr--\ oJ+:
'rr olal+ Llaf ol

<qlLJ T+q E7l €d!> +7lol+ ?iol +gzf

-e, ,JAnl: ,lol +''€
-JHA7J zoVo I
(-+ @ fr-. l 17l 9= 4.5%t
F.lgi'J 4.5% o
,IQ?

qcJ
{ +E sE 37. + EtE 7l4ol oJnf

ffim tN ElflooJ €xl+Ll7P

3. oJ"+8 tolE Eal "J6H E.^119. 107

a

r.r19 qE ol/\L=. fl€ A^ll=.

oo= l>
.19

K^t g; oJt
12.s%
a;c;;;-r '-=' 90il e= "J'il gd.l
flzlt-l'r-'Ed ol 3 Bg
24ooJE-2rooJ? oll= '-€'E ETlElLlEl.

BIE

cllTlg +g El qaiglE LiloJ LJ+ rtEJ Esl qlt

-+t 90% ++ '-'='e ETltJ e+ BJe-=
P^lel B9 zoo:t 80%
[ts]o1 ELlcl.

qE t+51-tg5l
ot,(le lot.{tHl
4) zoz]E 4g 26oJ
rlgB LJ'-1 +€
t9-L i,sooE
I EJaJ 1,1109
*€ol cl^l 1l+ql Ll
EILJ q€+ El o/oafn
jqoJ jSotl
^gTlalLlvlz

olq+ Ltatel Ello-l oJ

nf 3'cEe ++ E"J
Llvf?
 ct4. q-e4 aol
r-: E areJql "lzl 0l0F7l= trJ=q _E^119.

Ltolql trlat
^J
lfol rr",r, *.; --or*at *r1 '
'Jaf.e.. .. ilolTl ?lqe.
108
a

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lul0

"[o:l@A
'rcffi
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i'arz u.11^1g qlryry'l

r. €.CalE 341s.
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'l'"'-

-9.a1 oHrl:
ral^l qil8 Ell: +^l*lqe.

1)
e=e gElTt

)eil^.| ol+ rJEqg. i :aI^1 g+.= eqTt +?lqe.

rt

t' sr q^tb +gol

^nr
.reil^.i Eg rJE]'l gotg. _:.aI^1
^t?!
itts e tilqe.

4g6El to be cheerful 7l=a oiUgas pdces E6lcl to te strict Llt 7lE E EEEI to hale time pas withour tnowing
 rl.= H^ e.=018.5%LlEgE zaltsqle.
^IgEJ =oil
6t t! 8.5%9.? rH
gEfTl oJAtEl= Zqls?
lalql qal e=01 El=71= 6lrltrJ:d 1709 gE 9=L[ efg.
^19EJ
6l t! 4ll Lrol a==Ell9. 019 sl^= + H ElLlzl -d golE trJ gol trl Eflolg.
110 A19EJ 9= EJEo l'5 ol
-r.al Ll zl9. SEJIH E I _E f al:Eil 4 € 0 0il9. |

o ^1/\1 ^
6l g! raJql q.\ 9=e efl rl+ 9=rll9?
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[{0
9J
'fi ^IgEJ ^lEol
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6l g! *l^ 9=01 9=rlr sl/.= oJ g +E fl-r. 4EolLlle.
Elr rfr-J7719?
^llzafE ^l-11

"J'JX|
gg EJ!E119. rLJ ##01= op4 1 +HJOll
^[gEJ ^ldz,JE
otnlo = =0lr =

E+l rl{aE=
"JEoj H^llg.

1) 9B0l 9.5ol. oJSE 7iolrf z) ) l+^lHP l 67" ?l8E 7ioltrt

^lo-fE
zalql qat qEql 200fl dE eeEl HJoll qal q=ql 6J -Joll Ei A"J fl
8se-er1
o|lg rldlEg + fl EIE -.J -Joil Et old
Evlr-t r-l Er-l- g Eoll fCEt fl olAt tl Lllol6ltrl

d7l 9'=01 9E ElltrfTl EaHIE EaJ4 ETP\ 9= EJlElTl +alHlzlrl q gaJq

t|l e! approrinr.rely oJ€Jilo1gEf ronotbedvial €+0 | expendituresi spendins oJZH I personnel expensesr payroll
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5+=01 oJdEr|]e.

6lforl rfal Lf tI|EJ EJE 5.5% dE

o-t I Hta
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^f+

1) 5+E0l 5.5% oJdsJtrt. 2) +lg e8E0l EE 4:1 €E Etrt.

l,;-,,;*;,;\
)t€
rlt3j^d gtrJ
it *t'"*i-\,
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a,-'
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1-,t-'"-
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94 medicalschool Htllhw school TElfall'ily e'Jol)EEttohave an increase in burden IE€E rlcl ro g"t certincate/riceNe
"
 0l 4l.Jg Ef=
*HEl Hlnlz 6lrltrJ E/tolLt ,(lHl.\= d4"-lE u tsoltrl..
0lH +qrqg3 ?q HJ0illl :d B ililu trl TlLlTrl ze.l El 7l-=.golEl.
r llaJg 3+7l LJll gg"-H 9lfloLlztol$ 4sl g= E:et €oltrl.
=0ll=

9!+ qg dgoil rl|6fl olotTlo-il E^Jle.

Hl+6lzl gE iIIIU gE trl=Llrl

"J ^lzolEJol
112 7l trl -d €01tr1.
a
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fi

ffi
g
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 oJElLJloil
EoltrlLl= 0l0l7l= 4E0il EzldlLlTl"J^l ?J= a0l
-d fl 018 9-{= ,\laJ3 207.011
=trf.
-d'J0ll
^4=
aoe LtElLJtrl.
al^pil^l= +dr g-d Ar^fol^lu doil^l==r-t-d Ets:d otul^loil ErldtEl.

E+ rt8 AteJql ofll olotT16l| H^119.

/'"+^,*zo*ur, r,i'
-flo't't.,,,,..
tY" ...
t
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113
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^tetg--...',/)
i. +if g..pg.p;,
^t ,'
-'
-..-/,a

.....
,/ olt oJt 4cllg Elrl 'r
r,..1;114
44,9r-1 cp.
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-..:..- ) l--7

e EolEtLlEl to so aroundi ro roam .LofE oahanase lllqepiopedy

 -d+ q8"s
a^lE -d €4 -d+ 7l€: €0161: ixl: 3oJ aoe LIEIH
^lBEg ^lBfol
q. aEq^J= q7i-e4-E14, 615-8.-^lB4 Aol 7l^l7} EolE Q]g4olr 5s+= g
^ll
otEtrlr 6I^1 glg+El 39 ixltr qa4. rij^l Tl9lHlglrxJe aBqI zlgg:c qlE
=g
H 6lE aol €4e14.
^jl ^lg^H4r
feE+E -"J+
^l$0l
dq6l: ixl: +gg4? 4:'+tr+'4: *g oxl,^KtD,e_l ggot a
ot^J 6J+ tl6|: *^lolE+. r4^-l g4tstlolElql^l 469 F(four)tr E^l61] E:4E -d
^lgEol
E+. txlql
EI-d olElxlTl caqlE HigE coltrl.
^lBEg
tx}: E+pI E^lqt €q6lElr Czi6I: ^lBE 9lAxtEJ I + geE €e i^t= dq6E
Ql €g +xl: rl6lq= 4E cEltr8 Ee_l69 6lqoJ a aq.

114
61N9nt7+EO
a
n
g
I{o
E+l E{e LflEg qE6H H ile.
rr
1)
:.Jq
FJoI +^lel f i^1.= o|f,ts +EoJLlrTl? r4r €El ggoil^l
f +^l'= qE
=0t61.=
"J6H E^119.
=0l6lE
^l€-d
r €olal.E t^l
o EololE olR

o 0l
^l€El

EJE IFJoI dq6|ts *rlet r irl.= #ol5l-= ol*E +lg|Jzl? ralr. d4 .ugoll^l
I i^l'= qE qE "J6l| E^119.

r dolalE *xf
o dololts olF

r ,'.l€6J 0l

f-1-------_---
oJd4o lcl ro *
l{ stable 4ilE ol+El to achieve trarmony trlofcf to avoid Egrea ty Bllg6lclto rene€r
Et2 .r!+et olotTldH H ]|e.
1) qalE LEt €ot6f= *xte+ #ol6t= i&oll El|6ll 010[716l| -H.^11e.
^FJEol
LEI €016|: i^l v lTr dol6l= irt

115
a

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2) qalE Ltat t^te+ dol6l.= trtoll Etl6ll -E^14..

^laJ=ol =ol6hE ^'7fl6il

0l +r|.= ol?ts
=Ed =otdE
+d Ltat dol6[= i^1.=
^lg=01
+dl qajES trtBg cF EEI olE aq 7Er 43 EArg g?t+Llzl?
=ql^l
L l s^tA?! f,4 x td-* -=.r1 gg
n r4goil,q
=zxl
t= a I q==ril rlal= gE6E a

E7l1 +Be :.J.+ Esloil Efl:d dE a{ erlgLltrf. € Er. .JE HE Eat H^llE. , rTack 4u

1) LHErf g^161ts 7iE re^1|s.

=g
o "J+?l= El]See dE 4^1.= d^l=dtrl.
@ -d+el oJE]flS ASzf uulealE 7f4ol Hl/.rlrl.

@ el=?l- d.= EEfEtrf flEl| EFI= oJd'J4l d4Eltrf

2) '?.18 eP "-E EEI'oll tH-.J 4^f 3"t rzils= ESdl^J|g.

50
40
30
m
10
0

)( RotE€
) ge6E E^t4E +4
4

+Hl qg ral e EJoJ-sr Le3 #E

=93 +1oJLl17t? r olSE +lgzle?

E7l2 qZ? raJoil rH-er r.flefoJLlrl. €El ceq g6t^ilg. a, track 49

1) rf3 €B 6 "!ts ,ie o, a3 x 6l^l|e.

=aJ
o LJ^fel raJS HlEol olEg!. oJ€4oltrf. ( )

@ €q6pil Zlt=6l|0t 0l?le4 DlHe= *=+ ?]trt. ( )

@ Ee uilg€ 6coe 1r.6e_l Hl€g q{ 7fg H7l (
^teJg =trf.
2l qxpt LJrfE reJql^l .rlot 6JEtr "J-d +ggLlTl? 'i.
li .Alill .f.^ .

oJd(ol?Er."haveadeeo,.o"*'""
eul6iii.';;";;";;J; l+i;;, A"j;;;.,,;,;;g*," €tE;il;"k,;;;
8'J6lrl respecttonor EElrll cultunr ireasurc oJdg bJEl !o ser.ecen€ an impresion 0loffl
to
beaudrur type 0lL-E hmdsom;pe
dilll4 boty structu* 4llEtcl to catc"t"te HllEaerrytunon g^lrocadon rl|Eltomeasurc
 3.) rf^l .=r ql+oll^l EE= +ot^l E^l6H -H^lle.
^f8-d

Erll 6|I= 'JEg +-* ql g9tg q

^lltre ^|€E
I 9!t a.zJ)19? tr -clltr aH Ezll9
I Er|]i{l +l7f Erllgrfg? I --r fl EH clnlr'llO

I =3
BJgol fl=rfe? I -.]al 1l ql= + EaJTHA

I qgll 6110 F 6t6? I ral HJE0I ?lflLllg

oJ6t7l EIEE _Hr Erll= 6l]=6f71 9l-d EflafE dll H^lE.

rjlTf oJE :.Et1x.ol ol.trllg.

Er.llijl 9l ?l erllg?l!.?
BIEoI oJ oJ: ll Eofe.

++ tslgs?
?ft ole. qgl goli. slgol

ql8B7'l
refl aelTl ol=.Jrl ojolgt=E-:171
.9J8=qg gr3:et3'J

vI n l,\l^lo | 6l.ifcl .:r./\1

0 f=rl8 7lE HIE
,A.Ept+ ? o_}E ',t9t=Eul gE
^llB ' tJE 2:EEJ l
1:1.6
clr L Hlln 1,\ a

7le hori,orral lll-? venicat 0ld40lcl ro be ide.l -srdcJ chorus:.hoi, +d composnioriDakeup 4q4l soprano oJtr alto
BlrJ Iou blloJ4 rns
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=e-sr
n +{g
=ulalzl E l* B+atzt n ,rfd€ zlezl

9i7l trtB {tE 7t^t€ g]r. E€01 g6t^lt€..

t,\

El|tf
t, dB E+strr +tg aHl
ort?lotd I c3% dB €+ o^l+ €t l^|il TEql EI}6l|
&{?Fro,rtzl I281
6,'\tz!.,e tzl : 3.5r
4tzM{?1
5l= -d +lg Ep r,|o1e71ql-E€ 1,0e2Bg qi
1,ttz!^z{?!
8etr 6^l-d €r+5 BE dB+ EI-+Col Eil-Eql
t4
1rt?l otr.[ I s.6%
d8 B+= 6l: aol Rlg 5e4qr. c>f6l
E tlcl I3.6%
q EJe ^l
. { i.
d^iltr: +lg
: dg !l n+{Nw€gok)
tr4r
11 -16.3% ^lE] =Htql ^lag
a 9l= aetr t+El trl.
ot 5^lq qeE rlqlql^J EI9: a 6 7lg 6s-d ae +qoJ^l(q+ EB)ql q:d
"i
ru0
E €eql'd8 tr21' 0 4.7 Eo),^lald 7i E 71,(5 2.0C"),' 4,V €al6lzl' @r.6Eo) i e?
fi ^14
aB-olq d3 a+61: ae ila 6e6}4 c46l: 4 0e a,i,151u1.
6f^lEJ 4Fq €E q E9l +lg dlixlql ql-d €Eql^l= 4^l7J-6^l7J
^lA =Hl=
5oJ €lEl= *dol sgzo, 2^17J-4^l7J EoJ ilEl: -elBol Zn.sqoe qlqld=g 6i+
EE +lg 3^tzlseBQl aos qElH4. dA B+E 6k 6I+ €
=Hl ^lae ^tAol
E 1^lA TEql gr+6lE+r aBEJ aq Hl6ll +lg 6l= 3EU olg
"Je d
oltrl. =HlE ^laol
4= Axtl r+rDl^l^j EIES + Hle:fl^l6i7l7l qelgj{l EJl47} +lg a
^l8ol =gdJ

1) 4-+d=01 tll-Eoll^l Hl|+E a 6ql^l 7|8 6e6f4 d46fts Ae +qgqrf?

2) rll+SEol 6t+ EE flg q! SEoJLlrt?
=Hloil ^lE6lE ^lze

a gEJ J'lolE porral sire

dcJ+ a considemble number
{.l.lild3 7l-cEl tookivale sociar skilrs + order
E+ 8eJ plural respoNe (1149 elq to accumulate (knowledse)
o/ rfl-+8E01 6f+ EE d=i 3+0ll q! E-EoJq7)t?
^l-E6f= ^lze
4l 014:d a^t ,Jt-t7l Lt? floJe +l"JLlrf?
. +lg q a ol+= 7l qlEol+.
=Hl ^laol

5) trl= Eol= "J3 trt^l "J6ll E ll9.

^136ll^l ==

tl8 E 60ll^1 6lLt= Eat 4{ erF= 7l^l-e 14 H ll9.

<'JLlEfi+8> <HLlZI8OJ>
4scdqgqt+1'€ olEEo]el 4EE4 B.lts7t?
7t?f€ieEtll846lE7t?
qtq{ q4 q?J€ 119
s4
a

N>

( E
.h
!

4Ato-+ -d 5^toll 96lE

=/=
40e LlElHrl.

ol:]6t Z"l.E

a= g + ?,lrt.
 €E c^lE d^l6lr. eqE €a16il H{19.

C *o g4E gol'Er de +rE E6E €ErrE oJE^1e. (BErr p.1ee)

^FJel

EE coll Eol LJtrlE Ea=

olEJ
0l= Ttrlr Llg'4+Llzl? 4:+-+qzle

a
-i
qo
rl+Eoll4l €E 4^l= 6lr qEE 5al6|q ratlE= EJEq H^119.
rf
9

O o^t a"i= €el6|q 7l^l€ gf€61-". tl+Eoilojilrflafl s{Le.

+Hl . qaJEe r!?ErlEfi= nil +qE 6lq tsLlzf?

oJol
!l7l

3'6'g(at++) 4lol +7lzf HIH lloJ

o i4€ ol+6J Eol a fzls| fz|$ roJ$ ol,oo 6J tsol'
. tsO] HJB a
121
1) :e.r+7ll E.q +4ql
"*il tFE ixl 1) 5r*r\ Bq iF4 szlxlE izl; a
E olq LlrJEl. ql! 6lLl-= Cq +4qetr r +1€
2) 3, 6, e7l EqTl+ .i4?i +cg tzl s^l6la f +^le+ El= i4€ E4ql l>
E "J611 *r
E+E Tltl. r"I E+ *+l "J.JE}. ls
zlzl 9l:7lL+ i{€ "J'.lE dEl. 2) q+ g (lelol 64?10tr .g^l =
= ^l*g
qD 1-2-81!-4-5-41-7 -8-41 5J i4€ EJ-olE^l
^lzl
fzlqtetri
3) 33, ffir+ aol 3, 6, 9rl qEl 4 5q E E|= i7]€ S^l6JEl.
,J a+ q4 H ++= 4ol6JEl. 3) Ezlql**+?) Li+zlg qrlH {4.

t,JiTl
rf5-71 Gale +aOlE i^l€ olE-d 4lg0l o,JiLlttl? t!+Eoll/l47tl6llE^11e.

EJBtl to be cncohr^phericl 4rloll o*Fcf to rorow the rhythm .E \l6lEl ro nrUindicate

+11 EOI -U,tllg. t, track 5o

1) l.selqnta| +€.= el|e.

^t
2) qtdEol
] +ol er *ote.

+tl 1) t^t 1.5'E',g E e',[geg]e 9t€Lttrt.

Read the number 1.5' '"J € 9' as [oJE9].
qD 4.6[^fE+] n arqrr{Er]
v.vl o E
=l

2) t^t'3.41'9',Ar E g'tarE^lg]e 9l6Lltrt.

Read'3.41' 'Ar E g'^[ as [dEltg]'.
^t
ql)6.$[qnJsAt] s.art+g/.lgl

s) +xr '{'g'A Eel g' tg+LltglE El=Lttrl.

Read the number 1/3' 'S Eel g' as lAr+L1lgl.

qD;t€+Litotl 3l-e+Hr^lt
c

E+ €Erqet6llHlJlg.'ptracksl
1) g6l| E+fl gE ?l8Ee 2.5zo0il Eqo-lElr EEt.
2) r d+= ioomE e.s7aoil gitqg.
3) El
^lZ
5$ : *q fe=.i 31flqe.
.a
4) E e+E ol^loloil €n 9iole.
^.il41 ;01
 trtge +^ll ol+lgLltrl. q?.l6l| H^119..
=3
l__l a 6tLt to decrease f-] (-Flloll tll6ll) lF6ttrf to ask about
(whether...)

I-1 ZTIE competition rate I (-gEltcp.e)4,\l6ltrt to survey/study

(something)

n L||alEt to go down f-] 9laEltrl to be raised/increased

n (-= 40 +) LtElLltrf to appear (as a.. ) tl ot/\te

f--l o= r-..: rate of increase

fl to increase/grcw T-l ol*ttrlrl to be lowered

=olLltrf
(-qa8-J6ttrt T- =^JErl
n to respond (that.. ) to decrease

r (-qE rH-J'l -e=) if^t6Er ::.lH:fi:TJff'#?$:i T-l

I I =71*trl
O' rvr-l to mcrease

f- Hlg ratio; proportion -t 6.tc probability

IO go up
n 6t9. exchange Iate

e "J"Je a= E||iIE gd6ll H ll9.

=al
123
a

1) A 9= "..i01 Hls,gtq
qe. E|E6l| Eq9. D
:'JEflqe. x
B +"Jolal Ttlloll +t-Jol Eia ?J E
=ol-^l s
2)A Eql^l= 49 ?J 6t^ile?
^l,(lE
E g+"J0ll :dF fl €Eu d0ll^1 qole. dq^l= zE
3) A qa1€ 0l0lE3 9l6t| Zl+ +flE 6tl e|ltrlLl qEAqE.
B EHE:d gg otLJtilg.
rgll
4) A Hl7l9= ge opl.^=aJol ".j01 E "Jalaolg.
B of+4E rga.. EJEfleJql
^rc171
9lol9.

:eEqE g
3. + 9l= aq '/ 6l^lle.
n E7pil rll6H 4€6lq "Jg + 91trt.
tr *^fOll =E oJr. =01-6lzLl dq6|.= irl'= a7H-el +
El|=d 91tr|".

! U^1lq HlEoll 4-J cHel"E Ea -rllEel 6fle HJEE ^il^lg + 9ltt.

Tl €E 5^foll r.fl-et 7l^l'= oJr € + 91trt.

]?b lloTrF (t 6l]9EE lhFo il6*Fe h++ (0 BlloloFy=hi3€ lzhlfr 6fl 0 z

 i+'l?llYlais AnG lants

b
It
r i{

lTt
,tt
t

I
I
i I

1. F Er ?l= Esl 0l=3 +?gLlrf?

2.
^faJol
_f=)11ol== ol+= +xgLlD f?
^13
nl .l .S4E +al q+l
\N:JrrLl irr.l Dii lr n(r (l\
.5^]E 7l97lol 8-J8
(iLr,,rl i,;rLi I'lL,l l)()Lirl\ Lr1 rlLr\i:r:r rrrrirrrrrl' rrrt.l oi plrtnt:

gr|:11 E-i I . NDJ R6frf

. V-(o)= ZL 0 f Llaf
otiL-rl .oHeJZ 7197101 tlloH €=of7l
P.f\ttrlli t:r |.(il-1 .llr Irt !. li.1\

gr+t;.rl 1+-l , .N(o)e^

, a/\/-l o lE e

ol-:t dliLTl .C=7flef +3of01l tH-ar BlTl

l{airdrN! nIoiLl . ifJo l)o1r: =
iLrrrl hibiscLLs llor\cr\
. rf7 Lfaf ol rllE4oJ 5^lE0l rHdll oJ6l7l
Stri, n-r ll.i,LLt tyrriell lLrrir;rals lfarll orre s.()tLrlir\

I r.1rr)Lrrr i,, ir:i)lf\

."J?_1 ?JL|IZ tH-.J E=
^]lE0ll
I i\1.rriIS 1() rlcl.liirr rr,_,oLLt r'LLiLit LlLrg: =)l
.tr=6f71

9.lI /"\71 .,EE^H rJ"J €88 9l7l

ItrrLrii:rg ==o1l
u: .\| lnllr(,n Lrl tlrc t)r,tio IJi|d s crtlrtL:li,rrt
.54= E€oll :$d €EE 1471
\\ r iff! a\lrli!|r1io r' itlroLrt ltr:inral rl(l pIl]L c\tlllclioLl\

4 rll .54E +al +^1101 rlloll tr=6f71

l).butlr!: uhoLLt tr;pic: r'clutrLl 1{, lLrlir)riil\ iln(l plllrrls

+lE ' Elr on6

=it l)r'tlr r. illrcl f riarl,ai!'tf lian\

"JE .eq 9l7l 2

l'lLu 5t ILinclLi.ltr.i frlrlLN!: l
 .. 5^lErl TJaJEJ q+l"JLlLf. "J= Eer= E^ilg.
=al
fl^l6frf Tlcl6lrt EeiElrf +r||6lrf
=aJ^l7lrl
1) qE "Jg 7l-e-.! g6f4l 6lri.
olelgo o-l;r gl!
,\ l-9-ol a1^l HlHl-q
2) Bol rl+;14+ llt6lri ql6}rr. 47F|| s^119.

. SEolLf oJ+El
3) FEolLl
^lEe.l
++rl gdd Sq4+. t ,l€ EJe ^lEol
alEJ qE;
Al nlol i'frl a?

4) .+ol+4E9+7lEq++. " ofleJ5E€ +aJ^14 E

TdinJ€_ I7H6H .{,q19.

5) Holq ++Aql q+ 3d B611 7l+.

^lEol

126

-i 2. E4Eg 7lE r4"l 8trJEE LtEfLll= _Etr"JLlrf. += s-.J= g6ll H^119.

llll0
+ =+
r.+
NJ
9 el_+EE 8^l4oe oJdslrl flcl./f g=Ll
=ailq
(E +rl7l HZErt (d0l)
^lrlEdtl^lrl

Il!I4l ll Blr.l-q rl q-ag q eltsoe

lzlt I lcfe /t:L_7l= L ,l B:
'
= =
ralE C?13= 7 9l E^l e. .JeH:
+e. HJ"Jo
I
Of o -sf
= =rll:Ll "J HEJ +lE Er ?,1+Llzf?
=0ll ^l-fg.
oltrl -qo f-q go El

t^11_o _a .Jx.JLl7f?

rJalTf ;J€,q,! +nl;J

Elq ^ EPJoI "Ji.Ll7f?

r
\
3. raJ= H_z o+= _Etr= Eaf trJ6|] Hllle.

E TlrH/\l .=.xl,\l oltl.l^l =

-r l/\l

+oJE_o Llalql E. 3J
. q*J 3+ql z3aJ^Jol
.. oll+! ol lf;lle..
^grJLlrf?

. oJL|1lol dJol EJe;J 1l

g-19 goJg!Llzf7

, oJll oll+^Jol eoHlLl

,l?

127

g
0lu
f,{l

l:
lI
 E+ EE€ EJEq rl+EolztEotg^le.

r6;'**lF.\
\r3:j--{1_-/ Lll,
?lcttoJ
,gB'otatg gllE *Eql
*itqalne.
128
a
-t
ruo
g
fiI

&

l'1- ------ --_'- - - --

!!f EZzluateconomy tE ebost, specar
 A trl=o-l{,(l
^lalrg. olLlel Ll7[^l
trl=6ltrlr= trt'J
B E 41 8EE 611j1g.
=
A Eoll^1 ol|gSE= 7l?= 4= HJ4qle.
^l=
B +42 dqr -g ll olLlet E= fi=^|846l| E^lle.
=P

o{a
r-: E SEJoll "*ll q-'J=g o-l| E^llg'

jo|r1r1 $oi|19e. ,," fgil grloJ nJ ) otLlzt ,

T+ert'
iJ-ol_Ll7t^l

,' ot, oJsoJ oJ EJI

dql^l'
1)
,,. EJ all ul t ol Lt 9lolrl.

;143[or El:E{ +l4tJ

.+ oJtrl ltoloi. . '
3)
 I{0
trtz -g "J0l gl=EJl.

AqE ^qE,
efl? ++ 0HzEll?
Ilo r4l "J0l0t. +4
doll^l 301^l= 7l+E olEzl? r:sFoll=ol-7[= T]+7t
91=Ell 7l+E eolrl 4E0ll l1trJg 6ltrlzlr.
130 AEIE +t? +4 doil^l 3ot^t= 7t+aqa?
a
t
r{o ! gtt? doll 14 30lrl7l uJazl
"tot +E 7lE ?i ,JgEll.
ru0
g AEIE rz =ots= =g
raJql. aolrl Hfl€EolLl E EllEoil Eolrl^lE6t{871a.?:01^l7l
=
m 47lalE o'lE trtE dollE 96fl71E Zot.
r{o
6T rZ 4€ nf. LliTl gol^J ,lll+01 8^+ ofr 4^l Ll4l eeJE
^l=11.
ZJolI-l7l g.= 4trJ L1l8=J0il HJ"-fl7l?J El_E= talgll.
=61-xl^loJ
gll Eell
AE|= LllTl€ rel=Ell ".j01 Eq,J 4ot.
r{
6T
(> =al,tl =E
r=r1l ?52 +€4e.+.U 84e 41 olLlal=3 E.E 846fl H^1.

9!+1 E|IETE EJEoI E^lle.

1) rgtolE 7l+trl 2) +iE= 7l?tr1

ETI ?IE q EEE€ -JAfl E 5E EE 5^14oe ?ldslz HJ

ETIE
r!+71 sltrt ^lES
oJolxltrl

EZEfrol^+7F7f gg0l5lr' +ts aE H4Er gel|E de aotEt

d?loll,\l 'J^llE g 4oltrl ==
g4Eq i'l€+al7l gE aolEf.
=J qlEoll g4lE7l7l8e +E ?ttrl-

r-1---- _ ---__
l{ "loliclrc-'""uromeet 8ll!g excremenr E firr 4tl ro ba'kaoivl iE floveri flowerins planr
E#2 .:=;t= qq€ d|] H^ile.

1r?! trar ofraol 9lt Ellg

ell? ++ oH
ll ql f efl?

rjl EJql^l oJg^fiB rl9l Ezf

if:.rlle. 9l? EJql^l oJg^fl8
rl9ll cfne

131

rr 'Joll,tj'J+^l|= 7l9z !+Lltf. 2) 4lalqoll^l EotE= col^l q_z d6qrf. e

ol|r
flllo
ts
rl
lllo

gof, od9^t1 rl+.oJ oJ q] rld tlgl oJeol

e? 3€;J qt ?ol Eot t?q15. +3 rlor

e {+7f "Jg,8ils..

rJI +lot il.I d.f-E

;lt^j tle9 EJlEJl.

a g+^llpalot q0ltood dZ+Ello scr niierhiig rorvmeone qleJcl natarr

 o 5d0l g^l "d3 ElEg Et rrflts flLl-e^l^EE 6l| E -JS.zl flcl.
. f d+71 A7l trfrl ,lE 5..r. e4 E+E1 €olEl $oe^l El8ol olEJEl.
. +t6l= -zf+el=0ll
+qe^j fl|-J+El -d=?lel/.taJg gol.*tr|..

E+ +g
^taJEel
4oJoll Efl"-ll olotTloH _H^11€..

132
a
n
H
g

f-x- - - - - . - - - - - - - -
ll1[ +3=l r,,ri.",. lslnadonarnower rh sons and daush'e6
 2. A/v-1o1os t.a.l.57

. 7l=01 EIE ,|lg6|I^llLJulr So os 0fel EJ== 6l= lfaJ=O1 ?Jtl.

. 0l gaf= +^13 A|EOl -FJOl LfeaB LE^lLlgt!+= Hrl ?J= 101
. +B+= g0l 1009 5?J zl+ trl=e'E0l flrl'= =tl.
0l== Tfrlzl Elflrl.
=el

t+ += rE E^lEJo1l Lll6H 0loF7l6H H^lle.

I
)rol 0lpal9oe i!;ll^l
3t il^l)l uf aJLltl.

133

0fl
f,{l

ra
u0

'o
ttu F

lt( ,o:rl I r ,, 9' -b

 @ +3Et
gt4 : -d+ qts :79-109
^14
a7l : qe|:e^4, Ea^I,
4?l: g^4, gaA, LE^q 5
ae^4 E4 "Jg :/^lr+€7lE
' Bqldg.
tF7ilts -d+g 4s6l= 7le^l Ed +Eql: -"J+9 +F+tr^J EH+EI El
=8 6Ir ta6l7ttr +86t4.
!E € +oJg Eol$trl. gol 1o0q g
g ^lBg
oir-14 agcol a6H^l d4l a 4+ iilstr'gol str|'= Fg +B
xl $ons g e+4: ol._Eg 7l^l7ll qflq. 6.d
^lH'zltr^JE
C C+I-"JE+. E-"J {lFZl: +el q: r+4ql B46lE tr44 . L+^4. ^14

63dol a6lTleE olEol FEI qc^q +Bs+E Exlql *9tE+. -d^I *

131+
E +SlC aREoJ q^l *bU^J +g 716l Eqltre ggE,+Sslqle
a EBI ol^l= 7IE f dg *oI I'oltrl.
.t f,: Oi rI
fl10
4
fi

g!+1 gte rl8€+fl6n E.^le.

1) @0ll^l TlF7fl7t E6t= g3 +l"Jqzl?

o
@

2l tal9ll^1TlF7|lel +oJoll EH:d Eq += q|= "J6H E^l|e.

=dcg
3) @0ll^l +t+alr Eq4 E ol+,_! +sgLll7t?
4) @0ll^1+tEPt EJ+el E|lE4?] q|= "J6il H lle.
=oE ^lEE

l!=rl| JindoDog fl{lllphceorongin g4 yellow tllc.liilEtro be hold e-.hlEl to be bnve dE rlr lr.lro walch a house lllJll huntins dog
3J9.l6lcf to show a skillorauiliry EdC byatry Ol-eoltsEl to be hishly rcgarded/rcnowned EZlsteqsrarrr
IPJ the hiShest-level stale exarninalion for rectutinS ranlin8 otricials during the corye! Dynalry El€ { scartet
and Joseon +cl to put inlpin on
EqlEEl to be honorable m€dal
=d
t€.2 . r!+et olotTldl] H^lle.
1. qalE LEtsl +B-.J EErt r||611 0l0l7l6H E^119.
^lEoll

-3l: +al Ltafel L|]E4E 4Ee^l

EEI -_i a

eE:.J ol3 U^I EJS t

U Ealrl.r
=

I
-

2) qelE Lfetq ?B=d SEolLf El|6ll 47116ll -?^119.

^lEoll

o tL /O le l{-l
=/E

-\-/--
 +Hl trl€ EEE8 916ll +1= -ctLlut?
^tgE

E7l1 q8g 5+E g+Egqtrt. Er Ea "+E -Jg Eal H,qle. ', track 58

1) L||Ert qE
'2lg
rE 19.
==
o E€E3 E+ eg *oil €r glq.
@ F=e EEJoI "Jol 91tr1.
^FJollll
O€EEeE,Jp DdrloJ
Arg Aolcl.

2) #el EEJee oJ"Je rlg gE6l^lls.

't36
"J ' . EC6l +?l= Eef?=E1l tsflEfr +oJol .Jalr 6JEl.
a
.i a. . trl Lf3 g30ll^l gEtE^j gol rir] .gr.t.
g
lll|o

H. . rl+71 g.r +?]ol qEEJ dllol -.Jtrf.

JU
c ^l7l=
)E . . gE tsol 6lr Solq-dq.
=+E!

+El "JoJ Stq1zp olp g= 6lE THoJrl gr ?t6Llzl?

E7l2 qEg "JoJ oJll|Zoll Efi-d EEg "J+EgLltrf. E En EEoil g"-l,qlg. {, track5e

1) H^lel qrtg elze +lgLlrl?

&. "ag
oJlllz rllE=
qrl "Jgt E4A {Eb

2) H^lel q^lel eldg +96il E^1|e.

O oJfl tLflZe d+6Fll Arl *-dEl. ( )

@ Soll?loil4l gtLflae a+olrt. ( )

^14
o EEg flalE+ UalTt cl ( )
^laJg
@ 9]zel E90ll el.=ll
=go-ftrl
+EllEJ: a= grl gtrl. ( )
-01
BJddinins,abre eJ€ichick€ncoop
a"prii",""". ,!'E.J.i;";;:;;; a.Ei;;; ii4iirte";;;;ril;; B-?1etiilzil..;,
Edlif€lon8 EEinstincr ollgfl per dog I5€ +cf to inflid Dain
 trf^l E}lEioll^l Efl€ eof,\l s^l6l| E.^11q
=! ^l.E6J

let etzE a6--J ql SEI|HJgI 9doll a6pll HJrH-Er nll

^t
u -el g80ll^l 8,ld}| Hd^19 n real dll 849 ErjlTl
olLJLlEl
n gEfLf -=rl ,s'J6U E 4ol
I xl=:=al g46lrl gGqq
?t6Llzf?
E 6||= ggol
n -+E1 .9,+|l0t dH a ol.JLlzp =ae ==AoJ
0l'-J Llrl

"J6l7l Atrl|gel +B0ll url|6lE trJ6t7l= 6l| H^lls.

rl:. -trf-!. 4iJLlEt.

^d
/ rl::.aJ4 ^d4itrl oJaLlcl. \\
-:rl 46ti -ts 4ot
^d
gl1l Ltrte

-7,,"-----
..---_--
(rr^ros-q Etqr^r ^dr6-)
7-,'--=

_ qlSA qlq'€ fl"l1+

"JqnlJ4*r.]4 - ++"i +^lFg gol^l= t gqn C4Bq4.
- bugd 4sl:+^u7i fl+a^J4ilqq. - ++"1 tl4€€ El: 4ol gedlEln.B4Bq+.

8 lE decorari"e tiehrs
 +uJ qalEol gz il= 60il^l 'J^l .^ol o,,:ALlDl? efl g^l Fgzfe?
^fl =61.=

oJzl rl3 9lr EBoil .J6f4le.

=€

EE^ll= oJ.EoJg E4/i/. Cql €gttrJ d oJql^l

^lltrl.
xl9E4i€E EE^H= xl€ g + S: q*,q.
^U7lstq
138
C oJqi= 8Eg flEl6l= E+= SEol S,9o otr EI'J tr+
a H olf,7l sflr fg4l eil ^igol ^lL+E^l xtE BTll
t
rlj|0 €gs-"J El=dbqoi qotr 4014.
4 ^le+^l=
fiI
rflql 16^117l E EEFS Cg *_e.E^l € ^lp+-d
ol
^le-Eol
attr8 EE^Ug #ql g7l7l *olsE+. EEFS B.IE d-d +^lgl
^lBEe ^IBES
6lxl grr EBTl^lE BE 1r.45 El+ Solqfltrt. eil B6l]tr n7l= Exl
*iltrJ tg=qlu: H^l R6l= 6lEol ^t.d-d r4^l
+d dEolqg aol4. Br+
^lloloJe
100q E EJQI 16818, EE^ll: xl78ql^l ggd ESFIJ EJ9ttrl.

Hlts bqg gqqfl EE4]7I oJac 46il aolH-7l g6I^J= trt^l tF+6l]ol tR^lEJ
100LJol4E Tlel6lTlql Ll+ sig
^lrJg ^laol
0l^lag oJaol gaq El^l= g-d:olrEJ
g.trf.
rE+: gq +r 9lE+. oJag
= ^l€9.?ElqlTll
8501 EE4 qE g-dg +:^l -d
^lEEqlAt
H trl d461l97I EE+. Cfrtr EE^llel 'EE':
seFa EJe^.l,HlB'4= FolE+.

a El4 ostrlch Bfl pencuin -E-E{ll DodoBird g.lEShaian ocean gal,tlA an islandinrhe rndian ocean (Republic ofMauritn,s)
qg6Fl ro nrcaren Hlg tsal abihy to fly E-eFg Pon'igal BilEEf to be peacerur glTlcrisis 01.? indiscriminalely ^l=
gradualLy

E6llvoyage
ddolcl ro be frestr dI_E rorrererence HlHfool:idiot
 . 1) EE l|ts oltrloll a?ttrJ
^H"Jqrl?

2) + tr^llts q grl E6lE sl$+LlDl?

^ll7t

3) -EE flts ell E€Elfl+Llzl?

4) s-eFgoJ- ell 'trtr^'al.!.0l==E

=zl9?
5) 0l oe 947t g + 91ts +9gqzt?
^14 ^Ele
6) trlB Eq= Ele q^l "J6t| E,[.lle.
^l.E6ll^l =E

139
a
raTl ESElflzLl E= 9l7l0ll 9l= E^]Eoil 46|| 5^16lq €E6f= rrl H 1le.
gl
=E 11
0ln
ql|q

J!
tu0
 SE4^lEoll g-d +rllE t!+=rlEE= 6l| E^ll.e.

- -'. _trF E:= pf=I z.rgtrt ql-6H rllllg.

Ol frl +Ill+ FEg +
'aa --

etrl ieE Eq^J:. oJ EJ c.l.

E3 ?loE :.11;llof 3JEf.
Fg !89 8lt^l: oJ EJtrt. ^l

ert iEE ?: llg 34jrt FE ^ltl3E-

Eltl olLrl
-r '-r L*E-r.
l EB €'"Jg { tetlcl 3rJt7f Elll ?j:El.
i

SgeJolLf
^lE€,
+++g oJsE le
sjcti;t: gotr.l,
^Jt€

SB9JolLl !Eg, ++rJg

oJl_frf
^dBqlil
c9 Etol EJct.

1/*0
{,

f,{o
g
J:';
\,,/ rJd6t=
-- +rl HJIHot= +)) lal sq 4^fel +80il qef +8ol €a16fl _?^llg
9
;a
=Z=

ft) +xtet olzol €4q?oE -cr4 sq^1 trEB 6il H^119.

+g 7.lE
^laJEqlll
cEl i E of oJE
rlt €e'"J sELlEl.4.! srl iE
'\.-EJEll:JLlEf eI
tFf t .._ E: lql tttJLlEl,

a -EE n,r 1114circus 4Efl boraricalsaden i# aqurLiurr

+Hf .qalge 55q c1=d Eg E 4ol "AALlnl?

1I+1
E+0ll^1 q€af ee EEC EE ,J90ll HE 0l=11 6H4-SLlEl
a

E, E*ot Ell^|, EJ
fl, rsol 0Fl
LrlS

. 6}J 9E oJq Cjo"iE + J'

. glal:€€ F6E. EJe ^l . +€ ^l*ql4l +rlq EA
g oJol |Illo

. €€6J ololE
^JrJ
4olEl.
E7l€ *6le.s Pzlzl € 9gqqE:F*+e
.Jol ,t8rJ
+g aolEl. 4o14. + glcl.

^d4 qalE LfaloilE ++q Lfg: EEolLt 60ll^l elEl= 7t^E aol 9l€Ll77t?
LJ+71 ^lE =E:d

8 o=llB dEd inre.prcration +El ro be deceived

 +Hl E.lll9.. i| track 60
=Ol

qE .J / El€el il Saql / 5E Lll ElelTl _"q ept / lEel

l
^lE ^t
4611 0loF7lE 6tr. ufl+LlEt. flrl / "Jol / "J"^I+Lltrf.
=E6H^1 = ^ale

+tl 1) +^.lEi LlEflfl-s x.ts Fl0il^l €q

"J6Lltrl
^llolLl
Pause slightly after reading expressions of time or order

ql)^d / 3lZ01l -Et46lE +3Ef= Erlo{l +?,tEt.

^lEl|oll=
I q8e-e / +t q6l{ trJSE4dALlEl.
^lqel ^lFalq

2) 'aela', 'rflEll'eleol EgE Ee6|E EE Fl0il^l Eq g.l+Llrl.

142 Pause slightly after reading expressions that connect clauses such as '-l.el-L' and '-f.drll'.
a
ql) f=^loJ / Ll: ElEqe Ltl .J +E Sol.
ilo
4 raJq /
=^al=
480il EE flel #011 +l7l7t eolgtrl.
fiI ^FJE

Et g Er. Eo1 gl= *0ll E,l.l6l{le. 'e track6r

EE 7l|: trlE +7ie dE E: tr= "JE alz1r-1 "JE --r^lE gaLltrl.

-=xlal
rgrlEJ nl3qle 544= "J *s g6r_1c1. rall^l +oJol 4eala 6iE 4n
^l7l
6E6l 6latr.6tE Et6l 6||0t -dfLlrl. e=ql= 7lloll7il g= *= "J6lE
^FJEol
Z+7| EJALIEI. 6t^lEJ Tliel
"J$oll^l 8,16t| EE $Ue$-E E"J ,i e0[^1
^t^!ol
+dg +-E 9l+Lltri.
1. trfgg=^ll qF{gLltrt. F= q?]6ll H.ll9..

fl +al7t a=tr| to be difficult to manage T olt[ l patience

T-l 7l^H7\l competitiveness n E44ee EEEJtrt to become emotionally

stable

s).mpathy n t!sl6ltrt to evolve

n E6Eltrt to become extinct/die out n (E0D ^lIJE6flIltrt (of a house) ro become dirty/
messy

n (E+717f)flzErl (of watering) to be

bothersome n +El|6ltrl to abuse

r_l H,\t;trt n aTlc cudosity

T-l n[= l
L l wrr- E patriotism T EaJ^l7ltrt to ftain (someone)

fl qe€€-J4tr1 to lessen loneliness

f
1- g"fP aE Eal E||el,= 9€6|l -E.^ilg

143
1) A +Hll7t 96l.= Ag HE g-J.-H^l LtE q=41 sl.= Ltlll Efle.
o
B rgll g6f= HJEE g0f=71 All 7le^l +^119.
0l{t
2)A ofl"Jol|g +{l= 6fl0F 6lE 1l q+ eEole. |]jIS

B +llts trJEol o-llol 6lE goldof. J>

tu0

3)A EE Ll+ rf+ +11 EIE +al7l "J+"Joll -d H 8E'J

^lEE
+^lE ELltrl. t
B 471q+ 4+E= +SLlte.

4) A 0l raJg q4s?
--
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 track 62

1. q^f7lll-+E AJcldl-= 0l+= +loJl]zl?

2. 7l+oll tl]6l]'-J^l= r*r11 g4al-lnl?

I
olfl . nl6lol gFl
Scientific principles

Attitudes

EE4Ed 1
. A-rl7 lEtrtts, V-L/tst17 lEltrtE
. €Et A/v-doie?

. 7l^la +EitlTl
"J6f7 |
=718
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EEII Efl 2 . N(e)E+q

. Noll 9"=K^l)

Elz "J6l7l . H_4rl^tdg 3d0ll rll:.J €E elTl

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. Ad4 Ell6t| oJ6l7l
^ltlel =doll
Speaking about one's hereditary characteistics

Er "J6t7l
.8C +el 4+0ll EH:d alElsl Ee-aJ E7l
Listening to a radio program about science in our lives
. Etolg flalql Efl-et ttlel E7l
Listening to a conversation about how hair perms work
. !+-+ flal dB6f7l
Explaining scientifi c principles

9z gzl . gEt + !r+ 0lot7l oJTl

Reading about science in movies
. Elal|q 4+ 7|3= qldcl'= 71
=^
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4 rtl . Eq €B Xle
Word explanation game

E++t4 . 6t|^lllet E^lZl

Sundials and water clocks

q"J
'JE "-trl'e-l
Intonation of'-El'
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rL \'2:nJLlrl?
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a eE heredity
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t, track6e
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Intonation of'-r|' changes depending on the meaning.

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excitedly^lzJ6lE0l
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then rises shamlv
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B U oteHtotEo-l|ol 6ttsEil +Ert (o\ oJ I

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"t9trl?
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something is marvelous

n E-l7l otstrl to have a headache;

to be annoyed ! d^ile Erfl6ltrl to actually exist

n +8+61trt to be inaccurate/imprecise tr a:Ltl I oEvtet to wonder about a principle

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T-
Ll t-zII{=Lr-L
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t-rrl7LI H
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ral\tLl
to have a reason become
known
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to be ofno interest/
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uninteresting
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EglIEE 1
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. v-= 6ltf
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. 7l+0lLl t!+ollAl ?J+ E^l /.^71
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I gaJ.Joll
'J'J Tl+el =aJ= "J--J + ?]rf.

fl ag^l 0lElE .JEoll ?lr Af"J^l=

LH--J 47ll--J + 91rf
== ^lol
fl tH.J 4al€ tHclE g + ?1t|..
^+Eoll =r ^lE6f:
[l EoflExt= 91a z1-401r-1 rl+0llzl nJ^l= + 9,lrf.
=
GEEN
lIh6)6P9 1t h olY (t +=G (Z Lrn.- l-F,eLr. -1 7
=FE =i=lY=
 .'=+qE+'+zJ ol+l
Vocablllary reiated to the story ofHeung-bu and Nol-bu
. elEl|ol
Mimetic words

EE4EE 1
.v-of/ol rHtl
.N(01)q N(01)q

o!l! E6l7 | . E= E|lE 9]7I

Reading drama scripts
. E+9 Z"J ddot|,t.l "J6t7l
Speaking about one's imagined endings to drainas

. if=otl I

Dramatizing and acting

1. q8e E+0ll Llg= gqoJLltrf. raJg Hn oJo-H
H^119.
=+ef

2. trfE trJolEi olE 8EJ9]I| 'J6H E4|e.

^l€6[q

Lfg Eot afiJ +^J€

qr*glqe.
3. g"^|g "J= "J6H _H^19.
^l$d|Q
HIHI
+aJ+aJ €=€=

*+ of LllTf 8Jg
" *+ef
..€J€: Eliln 9lqs. .

187 i:l

Hil
']
//

\\l
--,--1

J
 o{.4.
L: ll H lla..
lotTlo-l]

ql, ol)pl gq E[: BtaJql

rltEltE * ilqe.
188
a
_t
ru0
g
lI

rlEE oJql^j
BJoil
ert * t otg i
Tlgol LIHIEJ ol9
I i

rl^pl^l el+ol u ol9. I

/sjBql^l ElTt LJ ol9 i
I

a LjEE[ 1()make noise [l=01 LlEl ro ger annoyed

 oc
I L:E
4. E= +^ll =Jr= E!. oloFTlol| E^119.

,r' g+ t --o
q al^ ofg+o oj

^jlllel
9oj dJ t+ot +tsJclj9.
189
-: -:),1
a

4. Ell6J Ll trt +
olo,
lI19
ru[
/.llzll rl .?l ,i1.i:;!loll ol4_p* _1_r'l o;l rlrl lI
oltl irlloll.i, {ll 4l.ql ,,i
'tei 1l+.1 r]li,:l :l},1!j -iLd ril LlLl..

. _treg :e0leef €alfl (g+) . "Je"J :=+ef E+ (ct+)

3ol]7l(al^lol) 4eJEq(6+)
.JCsl d (+=910t) +^l?af (gE)

+E +6188
aqi 7t+ : C'14, 'J4lsl

3zl ol^Jg +€g +*6ld e5 + +ag F4 +*6J dEE EBr,lq.

(Ee+,.J+?, +€ DVD, 7l'J
^llld)
E*ol e^j^J €+4.J41 6l: Rd +EJ€ A7l^l7l Bl-ElqEl.

+E illTrc: rdrei\ EAf AfE? !iI cmirie . lfald .oltccriur oi |hob{.rirh\

 e+el5+
trli :9lg
-tr .nJL
.^. vt- nl-q.
-te
Lfets g+, g+ olLH, E+ 0t0l 1 .2 3, ts+, ts+ ofLfl, 4lHl. 6|1Arl
^tg:
6l|A^t: flLJ q! ts+ F Er1l7t €r flgaqEl. e
El€oll otgulTt rqlsJrlEJ
Ed =+ef
El€ul7l +9I+LlEt. otHl^l7t =+E
gd ge E+ts +E"Jol
=+ts =opl^l^l Fa1+
{l{l= E+ BlH6q+. feflE ol+ g.ol g=
Eg ts+L1 doil^l e+
^l^l6H
trgq a?t6LlEt.
^t =+E

E+: (i+= Hls Ll4 EIB'-9.E r-+e+) Lll olts Llb g4lrf^l L}| doll^l al .s4olLF?
E olEolL[ =r^1 +al Eofl Eo]€trlLl=+ol,E HJHJotzli a|.+r_r. ^l^l
Et=-d6qtrf, c'J. olxll olol== qlaE Ele LfTl^l dd+Lltrl. r5?J q
=+:(Et*g+q7l)
q +? + 111 e,\FstLltrf. olrJl+EJts Co._" €ol HflE^LlEf
^llf ^ll
6fl€rf :
=E+E 7f+g L|l=o|. HlajeLlEf. €+ts 7l+E€ Ellalr d= Llel t oEfl eFE
=+
E= Ilr gzl s|fl+LlEt.
(zl+ Ag *ql ++ olol€ol ElrlE 4"J!.) _

otol 1 : ol4rl, Hfl7[ rq€.. g'J d?i qol geE ......

=+ =
olo | 2 : ltptql-.J +oil'J "Jol qq seE... . HllTI .utrl +dqe
=+ = gg
0l0l 3 : HJe ruFr. ol *olLt Hflo.E....... El Eol gloLl EJgsll
+E
=+ / ?Jola. ^t+ = ^lE
: qH, 0f0l=01 HllTl nq^l Ea[ EilLl e'J E40ll 7t^l qE A gol elotflols.
=+ ^1e7il =
otLll : 7l^l ol^lle. rE oFEoJ "Jt Zq|e.
=+
eF : 4€ "Jole. €0f eLJol Ed= E= 4 "-ldqg? LI]TI g= trl'LlE4la,
6ll€xl::.afl^J E+ EE 40t,J€Lltrl.
=+ts
gF : (q4E +drlqq) E|-J, olol=ol ufl7l rq ralLl qE a +^jE. LfEoil + ,J4l+Llrt.
=
E+: (g=r llH glrl+E ++€ 4i1q) fl? qE ?iE gatr? qE 4 S.eE +rtil6l g= -g
d4E 6110l^1.
EF: (ts*9 Hzl+E q4q) oplr, ELJ. el{ olaldLlzl? 0ll=ol Hll?Ert? o-fE q^l *
qE a +^lte.
+Lltrl. =af
^{g =
ol'Lll : (B+4€ Er +qq]^J Hq +el B+4sE ++9 g+
SC qqq) oU, q7l7t q
=+ qefr el^l qB e gatr 6fl.9?

t
;drri;+.Ei;;.;;i;;il; ;tFEi;;;;;; EB1i,;r;,;"";;";"";;";;; ;j;,*,;.; i,rq;;; '--.-.' ------.'
IJHoltl ro be shameress/rraze. EIEJE 3[l to sveep rhe yard ELJ olde. brother gFEd hur ri+ sacr EgEEdlrl ro be hot
AdlalEl ro bow beforc/crawt to flIlF broom 3J+21 ice scoop Ef cheek E+.J snter inraw
 : (9.11 gg B=€ Eiq^l E9.4) 0l0ln, c+.J. _z"J#Lltri. +al --J+LJ3 Dle-E LJo^l^l
=F 9. nJC-_o^lE r
+4o.e 0l 9=+ BgE € rilal +^i19. +al 0l0l=E E0l7lle.
=
0lLlI : +lafrg? g= 0l Eoll,\l LfTl^l rl=rlrl AE^l qq= U'J dllE oltrJrll
=+ ;7nlg F=r-r LE r9f +Pl-!=o||g?
f]rdlg?
=9
6HArf : -J + S0l El=El= tro+ g0f + +3 zg0l rlLf?
=+:
ttf=-Lr
=7lLf^l
e;+Lltf d
=oleJGqrf.
*ol.ef d= l]r Ar ?]fl+Lltf.
=01 =+L1l ^l0foll= ^llBl=01
IllHl : (HJg rl6lqr+71 7l€rol4e EqzlE^l) rl^lHllHlll
^lrlHllHIll
0f0l 1 : (EEi+ +i4s) 0fsl^|, gE el H^119. HJ3 trldfalrfTf .gGl^1^l +rt0l9.
=+ ^1lbl7l
gq +9-q) 0f0lr, rlal. +**. +al7l +a1*Ll E+Lf. 4€ 0fel. Lt17l g='i
=F:(Satzll
/l o-ll EIlLl. (3lEl 4q€ €Ae_e,Jeq) rf, qFE HleI C?oe A +ol +floLl 0l
=
rll nJd-= 7lrf.
rllHl : (gol9=E^l l"I9 *ol 91 tsl-fl rilEJ rl^lHlIHl|r rl^lHllHlIl
=ir)
7f== : (zllHlqTll +c eEq) ra|], g= Lfofal.
=+
6|]€rl : q=01 7l=01 Elol eg g0l lleo e ralr q3 6|] 191
^lLf? ^llHl= =0|,J+LlLl. =,
IllHlTf tf/.l E= +o|ef,+LlLf a
=+rjl
-i
^llHl
:(Etro+g'J'J q dlfl 5E^J)
tffiE
^lrlbl]H|]l ^l^lHl]bl]l +J
ul0l .?

=+
0f0l 2 : 0fsl^1. Efg.
ArLl0ll +al= SJ
^1lBl7f =0feJolg. ^llBl?.l7f
olL|1 : g"J, ol^lE +alq c?01 +q 91Lll. ralql "J0ll c fl=r]|. M1
'l[ '
=+ (E rl= =11
rllHl : %lq EqEsln goiaq) rl^lHllHllr
^lrlHHH|]l
: olLl, 0lZ Bf rll€of.
=+ Hl ulLlle. q= ?iE g.=rll g= dcl E^lrf.
a+ olL|] : €"J
6HA^f :=+ef €€^aJzl E ul= .g0ll dH+Llrf. faJql
0fLfl= 0fLH7f HJ ul= dxfEf
=+el
u7l-.J g0l EoJ*;Llrl rlB 9loll E= Bf01 +g+g gal ,i"JLlrf.
^f
=13 =tl nLl ll . nLl I nlal .\"1......
6_-T-.o_-T-vIl||v|L|lv|=-rlI

olLll : g/,4 4f0l Ll9=1119.

=+ gr{ trl*0|.9
olLl.
=+: =01
ol"Ll] : gill Hfol 50lLf B|]T|rEtrfr 0l0l=01 zl+ fl=r]l 0l BJ= Eal^l
=+ +=
^11 =alolg.
qolE !n,l01e. =al
=q
E-q oH=ol -=9 T lrlal; f
ofol 1 ' 2' 3: Lll, ofsl^|.
=+

f/ x1o;.^. EEoftl,. h! 1tr.!d,l Etlr.r.,,j .!cthf riL €d^aJLf ,o bc .r.*,. ,,i LL,i ,ri. . !,n\L ri\rr.ul
6.or rr(r r.r ^lErr
n{i( i.rD\
 (e7l+ol€drl Feg6lq) # EEaffi 6;6gEE6t^11.
=+)l+E:
(azl7l '€'4q q +ql^J trgol L+gq.)

ofLl. 0l1l fl] HEolot.

=+:
ofLH : rallls. 0l1l ++ gololls? GH, ill otLlat q= +.E EtE EatE,\lEl.
=+ =g
e+ 7F_E: (g7l+ol EE^J Eegilq)#EE6t^.il. #EE6f^ll.
(B'6lq E+ +q^J Eol +e4.)

€+ ofLH : ot|-l, 0l1l fl! E0l0f.

0l0l= 1, 2, 3 : gEl, q7l E + Ele. 94b 0l^ll +^[q|S.. Llq^l "lE Eef trlg.
=+
e+ 7F_= : (8 7l+01 EE= 6lq) E€6t^ll. EE6[^ll.
=Ed|1^l =e€= -+=
(€'6lq q+qd tslEol €ol4 Lle4.)

714-= : (7lE^J q€ € €+ 6lE^l) otLl, 0lA HlEolGot.

=+
d||€rt:EgllE 7l=ol 4= 4nlEt HEolq E'+ fl'il Eaol zl+ €ot^1
=+L1l ^[= =olq
192
a
Ll*t+Lltl. rz.l|^l 6l+0ltl0ll+^t7l Elfi€t-lEf. 0l A4g Er ".Je td =
+71 -d=3011
=+LllE
gal eJ+LlEl.
-t
llil0
4 (+E6J+ 4s) olal Ltel Etet. E'-Jol SEl.
lI =+: =+0t.

rl

t+1 B.le LHEE

-doJ4
H^lls.
1) 0l0t7lE 9lr EEq El{EJo-l] H^j|g.
o ell 7lLJ6l1l €?t6Llzl?
=+=
@ d ++ oJol g0lH6Ll7l?
=+Lll ^llHlollll
o ol*Jll edE ,J^IaLlDl?
^llHl=e =+0ll1l
@ rllHlTl=+L]l doil Eol!!e! E ul= crf ojE g0l Eolfi+Llzl?

2) 0l 0l0F7l= "Jr qE 0l0t716ll E^119.

=+= ^|aJoJ^l

3) 0l 0l0t7lB E nfl olE 4?JaLlDl?

=+= ^lg"J
slEsirk 6lF0td0ll in one iromiig -"lZEollNithour a break EEalElto eer excired
E+2 . rl+ef olotT16|| _"^lle.

1 ) q3 rc= Hn +,\l0ll "*11 HE= r4'_lolll9. r4? 0 l0[7 le EJ=q Elllg.

...\zq\\tA/t-12,a

!
I

193
a

olq,
lI
e
11[
lu

2) 0l0t7lEi Eg 5+71 q5lll =il=^l f=Jg Er Af86ll^j 0l0l716|l _H419'.

=+9
 !.[{l rast

r.l+=uleol E== 6l| E^119..

. 1, o o1opz1011 0lGl^lE !f^lE +Esl +lE= .ul H^lle.

.F
_./titot oc;to oi= oq./ o :,t rr l,to
191r ^J;lt
a
-.
f.Jt0

IE
I

,^lxl cq=q :u E l.t o

I
1. 4€3 +4 qfloJLltrt. F3 +fld| H^lle.
n (5s=)1fl€trl to kick out (a younger sibling) n (HE0l) €OlllEt to have (fteasure) pour out

T-.l Er Hl Korean goblin n (H+01) Eflq to have a gourd opened

n (:d,JeE)+trf to tie (with a piece ofcloth) tr IIIH I swallow

T-.1
Ll
HT
--r gourd tr +B+B in cluste$

tteasure tr LI ELI
=
ploddingly

Ll (qel=) +4*altrf to break (a les) tr saw

tr tJ"J round-and-round tr FJFI fluttering

fl +=+ softlv

2. g"Jp ?tg Eal qjE|= gd6fl E^11e.

SE E E fiqe?
eil "Joil
E g^llE= gd 7fl71- HFJoll EIE|E *o19.
=
2)e 401 trf 4q sla^lLlls.
E Lll,olll g0ll dEE Eol *=ql HlTl LJ+ C6l-1le+^l
trl 4ol qalol9..
=r

-dEole g + 9l= 4oll / 61^1E..

I E= EI|EE ?.lr ol6ll-'J + 9lEt.

fl E+ EHEgI
=g=
AA6|q EJ=z E+= -g+ 91tr1.

hloh-:8 hlo[: (z 3lF hf" 0 'z

g5rl Activity Sheets

EH 611€ Gran.rmar Extension

tfl cl Tfanslation
r--:-r
EEI6fl€ Culture Extension

Listening Scripts
=7lrlE
IFIIEE"J Task Guide

.EH g?! Ansr.ver Key

olfl Glossary
^4e!
 qs "J +'rql tJ oJot HJ+qt Bt gJn qtotr ?lgaLtq, sJarg
EllolltrlTl oJat g Jol Hlilb It lltr trl7t7t l{Lt
? BJ iil7f ?lgl
6Lltrf.
.4 l+ll:
. 4 l oJ.,l.l :

. 4IlEl|8:

. trflE
=?l
1. A//{o)E al(71) gttrl p.28

E "JHJ4fl oliloil Hl+ol

.= q EE tril +trf.
=7Fo6lc|?
Used when expressing the belief that somelhing is impossible in light of normal logic.

qD q44+: gC Er+g qzt flxl.

7l.gol
kol e+ni-? ogoJql kol g 44 fln}ots.
ol^J.rl4. olaql
"J=
g^lol Hr*l d-* qrl d.bql.
f,e4l cd+ EJ+ r!4 "JE dol q^lql + Llg q4 gols. ++ gq Hle.
^Jar+

o '{e)= al(7t) ?lcl'E gg 9EEE eE|lEU 4q, '{e.)e al(71) gltrfel elElTf e+.
'-(g)e r.l(7D 94'is used rhetorically in questions to m€an thesameas,-(g)e q(7D Sr+'.
ql) ge.JoJq 4gE"l +-g qzl qdqg?
4+^l*ol rd rl4gg flg 44 g.le?

2.v-71(71) +.E l p.29

E qE go t eLtrlogt Ef= gol golLlE .Sg€ H n q +q

^l€-g
Used when narmting something that has been 'seen' and expressing that as soon as one event is finished aDother event occurred or

ql).I a+E dql Eqezlzl+C4 ?+q+q As.

Lll ELlzl4 +d4 5..3o1 uJ.ee 5471 q*q.
"Jol
El.J7l7l E+6144 +d4 +ql dFlE aqs.
^lgfEol
zlgEol d{ €r]l4 +d4 qg= 4^1
^l^}= ^14flq.
o g r xl geq qlE|=ej 4 Te ++.
Used mainly in spoken languag€. not written language. '
=oil,rlts 1

Cl +-dcoe e-.,r|.= € + fin E |= +rt.

Used with a verb in the second clause. Do not use adjectives in rhe secondclause.

ql) illTl zl44 +.941 +El. (x)

axTl
^l7l* vi4 +9laq. (o)

o '-zlzf +dal'et'-rtoFf(3fl 2rf)el Hlr.

-7l7t +E4l -rfElrl

. +6J€ql ._(e)ezB?, _(-q)^ll_e, _(_q)li^l+'
€|9 . +6!€ql '-(9 azle?. -(-e-)^j-s, -(,s-) E
T.9+. €B+ Fe gAC + S4. EI + SlEl ^j4'E ^l+
'*(s) =ztA?, -(_9.)^llA, -(-e.) rl '-(o ) evlg? , - (-9-)^{-e, and - (-9-) tl 4' can follow
^lEl'orotner .-alEl^|. ^l
propositives and impemtives cannor follow '-Zl4 +d 4l'.

q) doll E+tt44 +d4 drl6l^lls. (x) ql) dql E+t'1444 dt+6}^l-e. (o)
3.N EJOII

D goJ4ee'14= Hl6ll 5'ZLf eq"= rlE 3r6|G EE:g q

^lz0ll
Used rvhen emphasizing drat an nction took place alier an ^E-.JLI.
iiterval that was much shofer or much longer th.an usual.

ql) F ^le.g ^l-fl zl 3oJ uJql "uqaq-Q..

+€flEJ xl,Jg + g +q 4^l +9lqs.
81 1l7z; r;39 El\] zl 10€
"Jql Eol*qs.
6-].+ql g zl 1+g EJ"ll +eH4l e+€ jlqs.
6l{e zl 5e uJql +41€ E} €9qs.
^lilol ^lz}€
o ,,\lz0l gElLf ^lLJ=^l= LIEILHE '-(e)r L al' r1'21-'Es11'ol
"Joll
^|+
gtf.
When expressing how much tine has passed -(9) is frequently used wirh 'EJql .

q) +.! cl: 7l^l*5 5+ Jql s7l q gg qlTl *q.

971
^lz+* 4

4. n/v-1o;t-1 p33

D dElE 43nf +sJtr qE€ ,{ie 44-g I41 +Lf. uscd to contfast two situarions or ictions.

q) 4C +4C +016lzl: 9*e-r+ E9 +: 914.

ol 97F= q4oJe qBLl *7lql €dlzl ?*El.
g
a+= ^l z 6J 71 4fl
-FoJ ul s-xl elqtr+.
d+e q9.C trll: gr]fle+ fB^l dd -"+€ g4612l BE+.

0 'fg)tfel '-rlEJliZ 7rf)ql bli

_TIEJ
.
. +-q 4zlql^J
^l-€-6JEl. ' 47lel EJ6lTlql^l l.F ^l++E+.
Used mainly in written langu.tge. Used in bolh wiuen and spoken language
ql) a4l: g:q +.Iae4,rEl%le 5al g:7 9,1+. (o) ql) a,]: gol +olazluJ stsleolg E7l g:r flq. (o)
ts eF +urLl ol:e + 1124. 'xl \l -sE Blezll'J E+e + 7l?711. (o)

11!t

1. A/v-trlalu(s) p48

oJ/l E
D 4z0ll
^]tr
e=-J6l|^]
^fle ^l€oil
cl|6ll dtrJ-g ql /,fE-drl.
Used when expressing a fact drat is ne\!ly knolvn tbrough d;fect experience.

q) r ^le-g ^84_H.El ilq 4lEJ4rs.

-e-+ 4t]lxl: iJ+ s+71 FlEJ4r.g-.
dg = Etol .\Aq4n3..
^l+Ee +3Jq
q4 B*|ql ,^liE] d"J BEl4r.
^l+5ol

O '-claE': '-rlzfe Bf+ol € + ?lrt. .-EJ+n can be abbreviated as -Ej4'. ir .ba,rmal..

ql) *q A qlEq4n.
= *ol + q!DEl4.
 O "Jll EJ Lflg€ d-J--J q:'-ctn 6frlafn(g'e.l +Ec?l '-rtrleln(el= *rt.
=q,q
When indirectly quoting heard content '-ElJ 6lEl4r(-S)' can be abbreviared as '-Elq 4-Z(g) .

ql) d++ql E9:Eil e+4 zltgq asc fl.4E14r.

+rlql^l g{.=ql +4}q + +E}El?+.as-

2. Nilr. p.49

E oJ0ll 9: E^lel e+ qlel g,0l trF 5lE L|]E4 eE€ +ElLJrl.

Used rvhen expressing that somerhing or someone ;s 'without exception ihe same as expressed by the pr€dicate.
's
q) qgololilJ. olol.\ee-q dol'61: 6lzl * *q.
"ll€.
qq g4q.e.?
^lolilr.J dE lrt$b e ^lB-ol
a6J q]Jl,I+l

+Hol *g.lBiln flol-e.

El*7loll^l
^]rlq
^lY ^le-iln
+€g *61-b ^l+q 94.
tt
l, tsLE +€E0lLl +,l'fgl$eql,\l ,A.l$-{tf. Nomrally used in nesatiooal and ftetoficar sentences.

ql) 65 zJils +olrll9-. (x)

^}fl-ill.
tI+ ^ic-iln ailg dqdl: gole. (o)
^lH,ol
=;5 ^IflrililJil5.$q6l= ^I?-ol
94.ols? (o)

3. A-tr[= ,Je Noll^l/N(e)E g + 9lcl, v-r-lErlE ,le Noil^.|/N(e)E g+ 9ltrt

I o1n1 r1e1-3 e"U g1l EJ dge] LfEtLJ q
=Z= ^lE-.JLf.
Used when expressing proof of, or basis for, a result that has already occurred or a situation that has become known.

9l) :.4c.o1 Eol plq+ ag *ilB-e.E .J + 914.

r L47l 9l7l7l 94+ 49 ololSE : L4€ 4+ += + .JEl: aqld .J + 94.
,l{"Jc *4: ag .r 8J.Eo _q.EE .J
+ glE}.
^}*9
r
^tg_g ^J4e ^t*ol
EJ;I: qlsoll^l g + 94.

O g+tet dEg -Eil6fl '0lt^l -rf= a€ + gtrfe Eflc + 9,lrt.

"J
The orderofrhe fi$t rwo constirDenrs may be exchanged ro make.ql^l .i: ag.J+ 9lE+'.

q) +q *4= Ae qol g a{^l "J + 9E}. (o)

*q { aql^l +ol *Elb ag g + 94. (o)

4. Noll E6lE prr

EJg oJg6f7-lLl xlcol
D rf=
^PJe.l
"Jll E €Hel
=i.l=
LfEfg rql
Used when amibuling to someone ;ndirectly quoted information, orexprcssing the^l€-.Jrf.
source ofsomething rhat one bas cone to know.

91) .lH a4 444 el6l{ S^JE9 +€ C4;J a-qE +E}*E}.

^f$ol
d^gH "J+q E.lg olH
^lilg €zl ?+g aq4r *El.
948 F ^l+e E|e- gql a€g rl4r +q.
^+qlg$ql e.l6}H
{+ 49 B+q d7l e.+ol eE Z+.n 6J4.
t+ 7l^lql 94Rl :eel^-= F+ol +eE aBql ac q€ol ELol{lE}j1 iJ4.

O g4S?J dA0ll,{1Ll +.? ++. used ma'nly in fonnal sir aiions or rvnren ransuaere.
=qlll
 al
t '0ll sldfE' Fl0ll EE6l: LflEg ,Jd oJSee aloF -dtl. 'cil 9;iE'must be i, owed by nn incrirect qunat;on.

ql) "J7l qlBql E6lB ql"J tsl7l g aolEl. (x)

.J7l qlBql 916lB ql.J tsl7l g aol4n 6J4. (o)
FI
t '0ll trlEE'oe Hl+l g +E 9llf. 4l afsE to 91 9;lE .
'nean
ql) 4+ +4ql E6ld El-g g+q q^l e+ol s=Elr ilq El.
= 4= +^q ule.B rl+ g+q q^l s?ol scEln i+qq.

'l2tl
1. v-(o)a1E(71) p.6B

E GtE -"Jgl= g d4= Tlrlr "Jfl=rll 620il trl= olp ql=01 il=olt elE-.J aE 6lrl r'= BE= 6l
Zl EJ nH
IB-drl. =6ln
Used r4ren exprcssiig lllinking about doing one acrxn but then something Inakes doing that aclion unllasible. so a dittereut aclion

an E{fgl Tjpf:.Jtf. Conbiies rvirh verbs.

ql) +sHal "J+E4qq4 ?d6}d a eol^l "J+ oJ ef,q-o.

!l^l= r++qE}7l a+71 "Jq^J a+ rl ElLl .ts_71.q *qe.
*€€ €q +-e.q4zl ElTl94 EI +r +*q3..
EJ+g uulq^l B?lql,! ile5 EJ-e-44 {*e zl ,J+^l .J Aqe.
203

tll-!l '-(o)ajl a
6lt(71)'= + Efloltl. .-(e)qn 6lEl(71) is abbreviaEd a\.-(e)4+(zl) .

=q/|l NU
lg
ql) 49 ^Iq3 t'lEPl ot4+l^J
.l+qlrl 947lE *q_s. IE
^ll
olzlgl^J a+qlil gzlTle iRq.e. &
=
^ll
4g ^1q44
zlg
=
^ll ^lqq +zI+14 d+qll 9471tr *q-e.
FI
l, d-.Jtral +-.Jtrsl +ol= etl. Both n,ajor crauses musr have the same subject.
q) d .J4 7IqEl4 d+71 nJ4zlr 4ol*qe. (x)
"ll
dql "J4 71444 a+71 EJLlzln 6ll^J oJzl * €qr*qe. (o)

2. A,/V-(o)=r15. qEEl p.69

E +€6lxl gr 9l= rip ofLl^loJ rg 7ftsdol ?llf=

-= LIEfJ q
Used *4rer not knowins the certainiy of r situation or nction. but conjecluing about ils^fg--Jrl.
possibility.

ql) +HEol Sq eE +^lol EZlgxlE 843-. El +Aqs.

Elg4E Ll+ q+d =Eld-:4
*ol + 54.c. d+zl= 4^{e-.
,li71++€ ge.xlE €.4s. +ol 6lzlr. ql B^lle.
^l-e_sJ
:1 4+71 i!7lE oJ Eg4E E43-. Eqen +^J 4Elg qlE6ITle 6Ue.
 O olrlel 90il rH6ll^l='-?,tgrE/fl=rlE tr=rfE *trl.
'-9]g^l-E/fl9215 !-qci' is used abour 'past-tense' events.

q) +elzl Ll+ ts7ll el.\j trrd rl94 e*g,qE €qs.

. ot4 dJg oJ Eggzl.E E4s-. +d gqE{_c.
EEI 43-. 8.4 E4flg4E E4e-.

3. A-(o)uz[],v-=71?
E '-.|/=+ SeEo+ ol+olTl slEEee EEg tr{
=ojl^l
An intenogative sentence ending usedin written language ^l€:ertrl.
where' 4/E4 is used as adeclaralive sentence ending.

ql) tl+ql 9 zloi a,Joil +e4?

^l7Jg
st,JeE 90lE 4+g+ 9lb4?
saq 4qqB ++ E44 g^86lEzl?
+E] 7l+ g.e.+ zlE4= ++ql4?
^l4ql
o tsL5 g.lE,^.pl eol 4E e+7t Ejrf. Used frequentty with other interrosatives.

ql) +"1:4+ q€ 4l+.{ d.7 9e4?

4. Nrlrl
E olnl ol"l dgol ?lErll 4710il trl -d Argzl^l s-*E= EE6lzLt 6tLf 'Jg ol^lqrgg LfElLJrt.
Used when expressing 'on top of'one existing situation, or .even th€ last'thiDg.

cl) *+ ^l,Jq
qq 46.leol *7lr q^lEFl -H-ol4 9*914.
qg ql qqqTlEoPldEE] 4Hq olEl^lt'}4 .Jg4dq.
Btnq 6lL+ H-e
^FlEl4
4 Eq ElflEt.

Cl 'ofrl'ef 74^l'ol Hli

ofl ,fl
. +4zlt **o ^J+ ^fs€r+.
.3421, +A4oJ **oil^l sF
Used only in n€gative contexts.
^l-8_€El.
Used in positive and negative contexts.
ql) g="t4 ql$ql.
El€.4t71 4n}Ell c0 ql) sle-Er4zl4EJq gEzt^l ql$ql, (O
^Jgol= g!}}l + 4 Bl*El. (o) ^lgol5
+4"+ tse + Elil"-i Be ql gzl4 ,{
4 Hl*E}. (o)

1. N(ot)E N, N(ol)g! x
E + zfxt oldel ,ig qE =q
eF rg+: ziE LtElg all
^l€-drr.
Used when presenting two or more things as examples and expressing that all of them are equally good in context.

ql) ol 4ZlE! ul1l, +olE +q. 4 *gr+.

^lro+e
+4 gq: Elzl€ Elzl, ilEl€ ilEi. +l=4 e qgtsE|.
'+:e€g+d+Solq. +El+, +Sold+€. qzH q4.
 0 +g ol0lq e-d-'JLf. used mainlv in positive contexts
=esE
el) f E+de rl4olB 714, o}+
^lEl^{ ^ltsl-\. 4 +o}^l +HEol "J44+q.
LI E^Jg +4olB ++. SqE Sq. q +.il^l t4lLl a{€ E=E+.

2. V-= Zotl p89

E aaHql eEoJ ca E4g dlE TtElolt +g E4+E eol aqE

=E
LlElg rq
^f8-drl.
Used to express doing one action while in the process of doing anolher, which was the original goal.

zj:-j:{cf. combines with verbs.

@l
=,\pt
ql) ol'. zl: Aql zJ d^JHg + "J+r elotd.4.
EE #ol: aq 'll aE +,J"1 #q+1.
4+ d: a.il qlg*5. csB +zl *94e.?

O 'zf.t, ect, Llecf' Esl E^lel z0l r g e?qt: rtze '-(9 L aql'e + 9lrf.
The pasr-tense' form (9) u ?6ll' can be used with'2l-4. q4, 4e-4'. ^fE--J

ql) + aq +oJE + ^t *q3_.

^l*q
ol9*+ 4ql aol 1lgol+ E+^lq.
"Jq Llg aq LIE g "Jol 9lEl.

o'-+ aq'el'-+ eql'(3fl 14zf)el Hli

-= eql

.+ e€-g ?.1 g + 9l:5 +"flt + i ""d.

Used when ihe two ve$ actions can be done together.

ql) +rl+ aql 4"JC € ^l elel. (o)

ElBe6l+ aq 4l aE + 6I +^ll-s. (o) ll+6lEi .

=6lEl.
q) LiTt+ aql +"Jg + elE. (o)
^l
+E €;'tE a"{I 4l aE + ifl +^11!-. (x)

3. V-l-Ll ilelal p.92

EF 0l€0ll E^l geLf d"JEE .3tH4oe Ll€€ LlEl

D rflBlElts + 7l^l
^f+jol ^|!Ett=
+="JEsl
^l+01
g tt|]
^lE-.JLl.
Used when expressing rhat alrhougb both siluat;ons are not favorable, after experiencing one situation the olher is prei-erable.

q) olBzl *s: e"l€ Erq il44 *4E1.

q;g:.r|fr4 ?€6Eq il44 ag€ 6lzl Sdqn "JiR4.
dql^l *++ 4Lq il4;l *4 +714 &4ol4E gzl_e?

0'xEt4'= 8+alq ,\l€517 l-E -.Jtl.'il+4' can be omirted.

q) +4C qlB€ 7l44eq 4d *ol7t^l 'Joltr: aol *dEl.

 4. N4/el gal
E,r.tEol+azJol
^le
erl "d- LtEfg trll
^l€Elr.t.
Us€d.when expressing that one situation or circumslance is different thao another.

. ql) B5 ololE4Elq 9q o].=ggzlsE ag+olt4.

4gol9 +4471 olaq+ c4 Flol ++qq 99q.
qa d "J*c qq+ c4 olHlxl d+ol +oBl4l a a9*q.

1. Noll[I[aX,rl) D1{l8

I flel taot .JolLtzl 6l-s 7l=olLl gg€ LtElg ril ^l.E-elEf.

Used when exprcssing that various situations arise .depending on' a given standaro or crrcumstance.

ql) 4q.I 44+^l gFl qe4.

c4"ll 4E+^l oJg 6l+ El^]ol El= aolEl.
LJE dqq q4^i arPl g4e 4qE+.

O +?iEoll 'tr1-4trl. ilo17l ?ltflLltfl, ilol= Eolc.f'= gol l 7lLt:1fl EElTlEolTlE aol rfE,\aJEf.
wirh'494, ilolrl 9l+t+41'. .:lol5 EolEl'orverbsof similar meaDine.
Best us€d

qt) .4qql q4 €ol qsEl.

^Jg
qel ilolTl 914.
^l+ql ^l^Jq
gg€ql uFl^l Elr] l.oJqlE HEI€ +lo} ++.

O E^f+ BE^|.= € q: EE^tel a4 'A{-e.)1Foil qa(^l). v-!Lpl| c4a(^llE dqe,rtteEl.

'A-(g)LIgl 4ei('q )' and 'V-g*q 4 4(^l)' are used with interrogatives when expressing 'dep€nding on how or when, etc-,

ql) gol gllLl B-s.+ql W+^l gs;J.Jgol B+s.

7li|= g4 4L+ql 4E+ s?ql ilol?I r+!..

0 'gr+utztott rqa(^1). .E7l0ll 4aK^l), E710il qa(^llsl

eEfle+
'^J46l7lql Elr+(^l)','E7lo El4(^l)'and'E7lql El4(^l)'are atso used
^fB--JLf.
when expressing' depending on one's thgught/
p€npective/perception.

q) r +4lE ^J4.rlzlql ul4^l dg +E 9lr qqg +E 914.

r rHg !-4ol q3l ola ololT} ra rg aTlE 6lis.
r "Je EZql 44 7l+ Ll-g +E gdqle..

2. A-(e)L Elltrl(7t), v-= ql+(7t) p.109

El olp 54olr-lgEfloil H l+=.J dtrg E4rolLl dEllTt trl6flrl^1 gol.Jg LIEIE trll
Used rvhen expressing one action or situation 'in addition to' another action or situation of similar^lgEt+.
attribute.

q) 4 qrl A+L g=ol qlg ql44 {4E +o}s.

r *e +e q44 q+91^l ^le.Eol ge +016lz1 g+ols.
q F^Je ++€ d"El+ ql44 reE g:1q^l adg *ol tsJols.
ol xl+ 4ee qzloJoJ ql4 4aE qlnq^l de oJ7l4 Etolg.
^l*Eq4
 O !aEl|. +8tr9 +ol= aopF 6tq r Lll8ot Htict.SEototoF a+.
BoIh chuscr u\! hi!c the samc sutrjecl. And the attfibutes of both rctions or sitLrrtiors nrust be sinrila..

el) Li {+E 9="1 qle ql44 t4ol 4Bi}e. (x)

. ql a+: e3ol qlg q44 -€4.E +ole.. (o)

0 '-(e)./: rllr(7f) NE'el cE e ,u= lol ^lg.\gtf.

' (-o)./: qlEhTl) NE' i\ used when enrdrasiTing the noun in rhc sccond clausc.

ql) +q dg E qlEl4 j15E €€61]^l rl^l ElqTlTl €Eq_s_.

E+ql dlTl E*ol o: qEl4 2E o}zl r} * *q9:.
"_|-{,rj d+Eol

3. A-(o)L- E0lEl, V-ts E0ltrl p1)2

E dA= rf^l EE e+ q*J 6HBclLfn EJtrJ-g q

Used when making rn applicable =r10il
judgenrerl throrgh asse\sing a ^lE-.JLf.
!ituflion or 'rcckoning .rboLrt it.

q) .I d+= s+ 4olqE= 6lFq

+ 7I+ Er 9lE+. 719 ^l^f= oJ d+ col4.
6lEl:r.
'BI
5^lrJ :'Q] E^l+ql gg:q +zJ.I ddg E:il 4^lzg €*e.q4 ++= .J + ColEl.
ol 7.1-5:il-= il 4-Er4!-El 7l4g /rl^l+ 7l=,ol E*ol Eq4 EJ Bl+ col4.

4. NollErtdttrl p 113

E ol-- +=o Ll EE= LJ^l ArEHg= LfEfg nlI

=-.J ^13-.Jrl.
Llsed Nhen expressing that a siluarion does not e\c!'ed a ccrlain standafd or dcgrcc or qurntity.

ql) Lldl= y+ol E .Je sE+. 4q: ialql €4,514.

9.E+_1 * 6J ^'H
ge ql++ oJol otLl4 +++ 6J + 9E gql B!i614
'u7l El "Je
ol€ oJe rq +t.J gg +qq. d,Ezlql4: rJB6J goll g+!l aol+.
.lB c+9 c4ql +t6f= 317,"11 g4t{q.
Hil
^lBe

15!l
1. NEJ p 128

=61tr1
E F:lxl= Hl-a6lq dfLtTf tl= 6lLl0ll 0l^l^l LfEfg ltll ,t.l8eflf.
Used when conrparing No Ihings.r.d e\prcs\irl] =-et=
that onc does nol conre up k) the le\el oidre other.

ql) e+ €qg €ol ScuJ *6x3..

gq d4.l zl4+ q*'rJ.*614: "Jol 9lqs
^l+
",! d + aol 6J B H: a"J**q4.
+9.o1:zl ^l+41 ag s^14: 4uJ *4e-.

0 'ng+ Ealrfe H|+] a1E ae ololo ltf. \eEi E;lE+ has the s.rnre nrerni.g ,r, \"J +dlrl'
q) €q *,'.g"J*blq.
= €"1 tJJs4 *rt4.

I
2. V-(o)= xloEiEl p.129

E qp a|E 7i-ELl Ll Lfe 4E oJ= rll^ldJ q

=49sugg€stinel that rather than doing or taking one action,
Used when ^l€-.JEl.
another action may be better.

. ql) oleH +g 4 .lqq Bgql 7l+ 7il qqs-?

4+e q4 4lqg d* 4 olq4 6lot 6l-= 7l olqqls-?
g;lHla+ g .lq4 ^lil*+E
dd6lB 4l +ql r+71^j 4l4ol4E 6l^llh.
dd^l,Jq 4 LEEJI 7,lrlE Eld 4l otq4 Aol ddC qE 4 +4qs.
aq d4n EJg #g rll otq4 e+ 441s.
tll, +gtr0llE 9d, EaJ, +t]6f= Llltol Te e4. oten fouowed by requests or imperauves.

al
:t 'oJ -(9E 11 0lLlaf'g CEl]+tr ,l'l.t-dcl. ,iJ-(o)e 4 otq+.form is used as we .

ql) dql^J 4"J 9lg 4l olqq +71^J tso14.

3. N(e)E^'l p.132

E xjglr-f +le. rl4= LtEfH ql

^l€-drl.
Used when expressing statuses, identities, and qualifications ofpeople or things.

ql) +E r]El^J 4 qi8 7l4E^l El+ql a 401 914.

a d^JH ag^lql zld.Eoes^l7i olq?+ nli +ulsl^l ?4*El.
olol4 +g n8# 5l+ xg eg d..39 oe^i 4gg !a4.
4l+EL e.l+.JEql7il +g++*als^| + oJTlE gr 9lq.

0 +rll= arH-g tril 'glE (o.)e^l'el tsEfletr

^lE-dLl.
olq=.9/E (e)e'el tsEIetr + flLf.
When inroducing a ropic'9/E (9)Er.l'is used, and may be abbreviated as ,g/E (-S)9,. ^ftEl
ql) -3telolE:-,Eg qls4.J HE^l glrSolo}Tlql zl+ Llgq.
= nilolE 6J+g .lls4.J FEs glBololTlql 4+ qg4.

4. A/V-(o)EE p.133

E Floil e= Ea9 ol+Lt

=zE
LIE1LJ q
^tB-.JLf.
Used when expressing the reason or basis for a statement that follows. about an action or situation.

ql) El e: g *ql ed6l: ag g€6lu.E S]'6i= aq +q.

zlr+a €++ drlql oJ +_s._E.e qql"i 6JEl.
q€eql: +^lol €41 .C bls.e Hle^l Ld+.rql tr+ifloi +4
Ll.b ol4 El^JolE e 49.J"il ta /l.7leq: r.o+ql d+d+
aq EJ +_e6.14.
SEqg rlolzlollTll oJ
+.g +^lolEe rJol4Tl Ezl f}=g a.go1o1 ;34.
 16rt
1. A-tr171.H.tr1=,V-LIEEITlHtrlE p.148

D ol"J Atg= "J:Et trll dfltre €Bdfts ?i_Erlts +g=e €Edl= ?iol Ll d_Et6lrln.U4:g r4l ,|.le-clE}.
Used wheu mther than saying one erpression. 'putting it another lvay is better'or nrore accumte.

ql) +^lol ",,tol sElz-H-q+ lll "J4 .J "*ole.

Eg E7l +ldl "JrJEl4s4: -d.E 9olE *71 gEl .Jdl: 1qe.
+ ^l*"1 €4q .J "*EE+4gq+ ^JE! ol6ll6lE.= El-gol 9:7\ +rlq_o-.
qli qg 4 4 917l€ 4q*.44Eq+ 4 9lg
^l+ol 9q^l 4C * 91gqs.
0 gFl0il HJTHEI: 7H'lsl "Je g + seq E"-4d ap o-4+q Lllg-e-e +tl.
Not used lvhen expressing opposiie concepis. Used wher both expressions are cofltextually similar b t the latter expression is
mofe accufatc thiln thc tbnncr. according to thc speaken intended mcaning.

ql) +q €4171 qBr+l!-q+ d9l_s. (x)

++ +4171 q BEl4!-4: +d-rll^l (o)
^J46l7l7l dq_o.

' 2. €El Al/-dol9? p14e

-
E 'rg al= SLlg Fo-e ql== e4= q ,\t€-dlf. Used r"hen rhetoricaliy emphasiTins improbable co'jectures.
ql) €El r ,l4"Jg 4dq&?
^l+ol
e4l E+6ll +-1 €4 "J s4qe?
r+41 €c6l €"1 ?4e q^l7l fl4qs?
=El*=ql old
sE s.Jql +7161-= BolLl q:ql €E) ol Ctrtr * E4qg?
^l*ol
o '-(q)- alTlgtct.Blcl. '-(e)L/= ,ie olqa^le?'el ,Jol olE g0l golLfts ?ig .J= + fl+ts =q Edaf
aot 3 +
'€el'' is also used lvith (s)a 471 9lEl or' (o)L/: ag+q4rl9l toexpress that the speaker'can't believe actions
or siluarions thoughr to bc unlikely.

ql) 9r{7t ol+il +eql €E} ts17} g 44 d4.

dul 9.4! +C Ce ae otq4als?
^l*q

3. N(o)E+q
E olE AgE
=gEolLl ^lAtEl=
tHdg LfElg trll
^l€Eltl.
Used when expressing the depanure point or staning point of a certain situaiion.

ql) r: 4l+E=e+q "*e

^lejg E9tEl.
ol de +sHes+q EqBe d"14.
q{^} zlgeE+q qBJ
"JAol
E}fl 9r}Y Sqg SqtEl.

tt
t +e "J6f7lol^l +rt.
=olLf =4l4oJ
Used mainly ir witten of lbrln:rl coDtexts.
4. Noll el6ll(^'l) p 153

E fle taot 0l+olrlll 61.= 'JEoiLt +E9 7l=€ LtEtg qt

^l.E-.JLf.
Used when expressing a standard ora means by which an action is don€.

. ql) ql+Rl+ qlF*e +"J9 Fsql el4^l d394.

dBg aq+ €€ *8.[ elEt Cqe + 9+.
q 44: +4 4i EtC=ql 94 egqr 9lEl.

O +"lcoil: e= '38E1+, gatrlq. "J5olrlq.' Eel trl-'E^Pl:*ril l Erl.

Often followed by passive verbs like'? d I 4', 94zl rl', ana'"J5o1 zl 4'.
ql) ts}HqE}.
^l"JE{ E4 ad6J
(x)
g€fl a4€ o}Eol4. (o)
^l{Eoll
EJdt7loil^.i
O +e =olLl a^]4?] strl.
Us€d mainly in written of formal contexts.

'1. A-trfdcl, V-u/tscl Ccl p.168

E rruq =4o-tj^l o1E LzotLtd4Esdg q ^t.g-.Jrt

Used when expressing feelings or thoughts that are bas€d on a perceived fact.

ql)
'rfsql
E: *ol 97lE flzlDJ Hlr+4 dq4 .J
B^H4*ol E=4dqq a+Elgol *+Ll. ^lqs
4l Sdol e+ ++E €d,tl *E+ dqq +4 a+q 4l.J+ 4^l 4Colqls-.
qg:l4El dol^l 4ZiE ql aEq Eq alrl4n.
F
^l*ol +
El-goil oJ
^lE
O '{_o)ezl.C+'e.l CEll"tr
'-(,9-) eZl d4' is used
^f8-dr[.
$etorically wirh simitar meaning. when wondering abour thoughrs.

ql) oJTl ql!.ql^J ElTt e4n *xl'g olB4l grilTl ggql {r+ El7} g4 dqs.

2 V-+ dltrl p.169

E ee dgol If+ u+Eg LfElg El ,\t8Ettrt. Used when expr€ssing the rep€rition of an action or siruation.

q) r +qlg Eeg '-le:re21 vEol ++ iile.

4E ^lAol 9l o B +4 +gq 4^l €.zl 4!49 6|e it&.
4l dgqlb 7l+5ol +41 el^lC 6E flqs.
4l7l q*g q q4q:471 1q1 qgolo;zlE 4 +E 614ols.

O '-= *+: nlzoil= BJ+=*oLt rl olde 6fl gr= g0il

^[E--JEI.
For past actions or actions that no lonepr occur. use '-E jl4' .

Cl) qfle q +'*ol d6l^l q"lqq4 gr-lg flq3..

^l+
(qH.g qE zl+ g*e.+ 4+g El q+ E.+xl ?+EEl: 9'l)
3. Aru-gtg/flfl- p.172

E 4zlel oltrg0l E40l|: r1 0l.S golLt^l Lr=€er6lq Efl-g q

^f8-drt.
Used when strongly expressing lhat past €vents have oot continued into lhe present.

ql) +€61 ?qld a^l'*g"J*q. dqlE+ qtg:Ell *q Uql^l €9q.

r ^l*ql4l IEI.J 4e $fl^lEJ L+E r ^l+€ "*ol ^t*fl94.
zl'Jql: Eol "*ol *9=.ll 96ll: r+41 *ol s4:9*g 44n 6JEl.

O -?tfl/flq-'el'-"J/*-(13 b4)'9 BIE

.q€ 4€..l r|4ql "Jq*4"J r

^iaq"ld*g 4lEllq a4 . q€
^laol+ "85q 44ql "Jq*El=
,14.11
^l€9 ..
71 4+q4 ull
^l+ilJE+.
4+ r *Ell"l e44 +alqn *€ ^18{}E+.
ql
Used when expressing that past events have occurred brlt the Used when expressing that events have occured and the
events or the €ffects of these 'remole past events have not events or the €ffects of the events continue to affect the
continued into the present, presen(

ql) q"tq4 de+*9qe.

r l. qD 41. qqq/4 d+ gq-e.
^tsEJ ^le"J
(^lsEJ s9 ql dsPt 99n ^l+9 (4+ d+71 l*n #zl glr. TlElelr t-qqzl E9
'!7t ^l4ol
dEl€ *9+: E'l) += Eel)

4. v_= p.173

E olE^tol(0il)
golLfts
"JEol SrJoll r
ol8dll^l tt= gE g Ell
^lzg ^l8--Jtri.
Used when expressing that during ihe span taken to do one action anolher different action occur.

q) ql4 qul ol4;{z} 9t} 4dq.

^l+16l+ ^iqql
7l+5ol B- EE
^lol.ll
tolzl4 ql EqEq 'rifl+.
F^Jq A+q 7il.J9 d]+ q4 ^1c9
*^J 41ol3E 4 qq ,ilflq.
^lq
tlt d=dEq eEol +"JEojl g^l 0l0l golLJ dag 4 '-{-o)L Strf.
'-(-S) L "14
is used when the lirst action is presented in the past-tense
^10(0ll)'= .
^l6l(ql)
ql) 7l+Eol dg tsl+
^loloil
dq E+q 5q*4.
qolqTt +EEl zJ +4501 q*rq^J ololr'-lg-o 4r.il E9E+.
^lololl
tt
:, dgtrel +ol7f EaJ4q qld6frl gd g0l golHg q +e ^h8-dtf.
Used often lvhen expr€ssing that during a certain span of time talen to do one action. lvithout the knowledge of one subject,
somelhing occurred or an action was performed by 1l second subject.

ql) +E ^lrJql d^Jtsq q€ s..Jr+ 010}T16l+ ^lolol g4 Eil^lxlE trRqe-.

(d4tse ql4 +4 ql^149 !.t a€ Ee: *+)

o '-ts
^fol(olD'e]'-=
5o.(0lD(2fl 3r+)'el ul?

--= (otD -= E".l(olD

^lo
.t"J39 iJgrl gq+: +t9 q- *c ^l,Jg ol* . ds€g 49lrl 4l+q= ^la qlq +4Aq .J971 1l
.Iq +4€9 491='g trll +E+. +€ ql +4.
Used when in the short span taken to do one action. another Used when during the time that one action wes occurring,
difereDt action was performed by a different subject- another different action lvas also rrccrrring.

ql) rITl drl6lE €-^Jq .ll *€ "Jt7

LPl' ql) qlTl dr+6}b *roJ€l 5,4g .u gql^l dEl.
^1o1.{ '4flE} '.ll.Jc
1. V-ol/ol EfiEt

I olE EE5€ 4l+6|q r dETt c6lzLf HteEoJ aE 4Etg rql

^lLtiliil ^lt-drt.
Used when expressing a situation rcsulting from an action b€ing continued repearedly and excessively.

ql) olol-afe.g 4l+ qol qlElq tslgol *+r+.

Bq *t+g ^t B+n +4 4^l Aq 717\ oI Elqgqe-.
gd ,JoFlzi **-qe 4ol q^j +g g +71 $qs.
5,\Jol 3o ++. oJ 6ln rl.J"J Et 4Elq
^l€g "Jaqs.
O "r++ee d6fzl 6|"e€xl grf= F9 +d4?] 9Bl= LlElLHoe +96H^1 -.Jrf.
Be cartious when usiDg '-ol/4 414'as ttre nea ing is n€gative. ^|.e.o6floF

O a^FJqlx|: B+El +fl01 olLlE+ g:Lf.

Not used about elders or social superior. ^l€61^l

ql) oltsl4 4l^l *q Eq 4^lqq €*-q^lE}I;JEl. (x)

2. N(ol)q N(ol)o{ pr8e

E qal Tfrl eg olol +E^l qEg rq

^E€ ^t4oe
Used when Iisting or connecting or grouping a number of items^l.gel+.
and expressing that they are included in a common capacity or
theme.

q) :1 ololE tolq 3q EF zlTl .lill= s914.

q'lq4^l l*olq r+zlq +47I +ot6l= a=-g *ol +tsl6lt+.
TlBl+qlE4ol9l €golq ""+Eq gstlEaSol 7F+5q gg4.

O ofxlE'(Ol)q': q= 4,(fe €+9ltt. Aparticte such as ol/71'may be srbstitured for the lasr'(ol)q'.
Hl?I

ql) r
^l*9 +4Plq ^J4olq ^JzJ4lq s+
El€-ql E qEl.
=r
^l*9 +^4q d4qq ^8a414
s.+ El-e.ql Eiq4.
lorl 9{r r 7l p.38

The Dangun Myth

Long ago the King ofthe heavens had a son named Hrvanung. Hrvanung, rvho iooked dorvn on the world fiom
heaven, likecl the beautiful tenain of Baekdu Mountain. So he went down to the mountain and made a village
and began to rule over the people. Hwanung taught the peoplc horv to farm and make clothes so that the people
could live comfbrtably.
Not fat from Hwanung's village lived a tiger and a bear. The tiger and bcar heald nervs that humans were
living happily and rvent to llnd Hwanun-t because they rvanted to become human. When they asked Hwanung to
make them human, Hwanung said the fbllowing:
"If in a cave you eat only mugwort and garlic, and do not see the suD for 100 days, you can become human."
The tigel and the bear obtained mugwort and gallic, and eltered a pitch-black cave. One day passed" then a
second day passed, and the morc time that passed, the less they could endure their hunger. In the end. the tiger
could stand it no longer and carne out of the cave in a matter of days, but the bear, $,hO had much perseverance.
endured and became a beautiful rvoman.
Hwanung, rvho had been watching. married Ungnyeo. the
bear who had become a beautitul rvoman, and they had a child.
That child. Dangun, w2rs the very llrst founder of Korea. Dangun
established Korca in a place called Asadal, and called the
kingdom Joseon.

114 9.1a. r 7l

Swearing: is it all right?

p.58
m
Young people's use of srvear rvords is severe these days. I don't think
it's a problem rvhen young people use profanity with their friends to
joke around lightly. Yet. srvealing easily becomes a habit, and when
used habitually its harmful effects are greater than one might think.
According to the explanations of neurolo-qists, the use of excessive
profanity rveakens one's capacity for rationality. And thus, people who
srvear often become impulsive rvhen they rvork because they cannot
control their emotions. Srvearing is something that inlluences people's
behavior.
The negative et'fects of srvearing can be seen in an experiment perfolmed by
a broadcasting company a short time ago. This experiment took as its subjects
univelsity students who did not swear much, and let them hear a mixturc of
positive, neutral. and curse rvords. and asked them to write down the words thcy
remembeled. According to the experinrent outcome, the students remembered
more cursc worcls. As srvear rvords are easily remembered by the brain, there is
lcss room for other words to be remembered. As a result. people rvho habitually

I
 \
swffir tend to have weaker vocabularies and reduced lexical abilities. Swearing even has an effect on people's
verbal abilities.
This is how swearing stays in the brain and affects peopte's actions and verbal abilities. That is why ygung
people's swearing should not be regarded lightly. It is not that curse words should not be used merely because
they are bad; swear words should not be used because they have harmfirl effects.

How are we affected by climate change?

It was due to global warming that the Arctic became a place

with nothing to eat and nowhere to find a place to rest. There
has never been land in the Arctic. Organisms in the Arctic live
on a three meter thick glacier that floats on the water. yet, as the
glacier melts and disappears these homes are also vanishing. As
a result, fur seals, which had been commonly seen, are gradually
decreasing in number and the polar bears that feed on those seals
are dying off. If the glaciers continue to melt this way, the polar
bears may not even have a place to stand.
Ifglaciers disappear due to Earth's rising temperatures, global warming will progress even faster. This is
because as the white glaciers that have reflected sunlight disappear, the dark seas, which absorb sunlight well,
widen. Accordingly, should the earth's temperature rise and the Arctic's glaciers melt, the problem worsens
further.
If the arctic glaciers melt, sea levels will dse. Antarctica is different than the Arctic as it has land, but the
land is frozen over by ice with an average thickness of two thousand mete$. If this ice melts and runs into the
oceans, it will cause ocean levels to rise. Should all the ice in the Antarctic melt, it is said the ocean levels would
rise hundreds of meters above present levels. If that happens, ocean-side cities like London, New york, Tokyo,
and Shanghai will end up under water.
Global warming is a serious problem that could have a large effect on not only Arctic life, but humans as well.
Before it's too late, all ofus living on Earth need to take action together and solve the problem.

Beautiful Port City of Tongyeong

Tongyeong is a place with very many sights to see. Even without a car it sufficiently
enjoyable, not only because the city isn't very large but because you can go everywhere
ifyou just take the (city) bus. From Seoul it takes four hours and ten minutes by
highway bus, from Daejun it's about two hours to get there. Going from Busan,
Gwangju, and other main cities also is not difficult.

Tongyeong Harbor
' Ifyou take the bus and get offat the centual market, you cao see Tongyang Harbor's charming sights. Walking
along watching the seagulls and fishing boats will calm your mind. At the central market across from the harbor
you can buy fresh seafood and in the stores lining the roadside you can taste Chungmu kimbap and honey bread,
which are Tongyang's specialties.

Mireuk Mountainy Cable Car

If you have come to Tongyang we recommend that you ride the longest cable car in
Korea and take in the view. Ride the cable car and as it ascends Mireuk Mountain at a
glance you can see Tongyang City beginning with Tongyang Harbor. Looking over the
blue sea and endless islands spread across the southern ocean, you'll know why this
place is the hometown of artists.

Somaemul lsland
There are many fabulous islands in the Tongyang area. Among them, Somaemul Island
is famous for its sunrises and sunsets, and is an island visited by many photographers.
Passenger boats run two to thee trips a day, and they take about an hour and half to get
there.

Lodging
Reserving a hotel in the summer peak season is not easy. Rather than having a diflicult time reserving a hotel,
it is better to make use of the clean and inexpensive pdvate lodging and pensions.

Food - Chungmu kimbap

Chungmu kimbap, kimbap rvith nothing put inside the rice and eaten together with marinated squid and radish
kimchi, is a delicacy different than regular kimbap. We recommend buying Chungmu kimbap and eating it on
the boat on the way to an island.

H=ryF=

University students preparing to f,nd jobs rather than

studying their majors
ort?!otd: d3% University Students study for their major for only one hour
8-{B-10{I I23%
6,tl?1-8,{i1 I 3.s%
and seven minutes per day on average
,u|a"6,LlZ

r.rllF2r.lil- 16.31
Results of a suwey of I ,092 university students that an employment
1-rt?lotq r 56% portal site recently conducted show that a great number of university
e4 E 6cf I3.6% students think that studying for one's major is most impotant. However,
in reality, students spend more time on employment preparations.
According to this survey, in answer to the (multiple response)
question "Among the things learned at university, which are the most important?" students responded
"accumulating knowledge about one's majot" (7 4.1Vo), "cultivating a sense of sociality" (52.oqa), "prcpaxtng to
flnd employmenf' (41 .67o), showing that they thought studying for their major was most important.
However, when asked how many hours per day they spend preparing to Iind employment,397o said that they
spend 4-6 hours and 24.9qa sald that they spend 2-4 hours, rvhich showed the average time spent on employment
preparation by university students to be 3 hours and 59 minutes daily. This indicates that they spend 3 times
 longer on preparing for embloyment than studying for their major, which is only t hour and 7 minutes
daily.
Due to the recent poor economic circumstances, in addition to it becoming more difficult to find employment
directly after college graduation, the competition rate for employment has gradually risen as well, and this can
be seen in the increased €mployment preparation time of university students.

The Dodo Bird was a bird that lived on Mauritius Island in the Indian Ocean. The
Dodo, which lived freely on the island, gradually became a flightless bird. Since the
island didn't not have other animals threatening its life, the bhd had no reason to llee
and thus over a long period of time its unneeded ability to fly naturally disappeared.
However, in the early l6th century, people ftom portugal found the island and a
crisis came inio the Dodo's peaceful life. The portuguese caught and ate the birds,
which were completely unafraid and would not run upon seeing people. To the
sailors, who were unable to eat fresh meat during their long voyage,lhe birds, unable
to fly, would have been a gift ftom heaven. So over only one-hundred
years, in 1681, the Dodo Bird became extinct from the earth forever.
The Dodo Bird, which had lost the ability to fly, needed to evolve
again in order to avoid humans and survive, but a span of just one-
hundred years is too little time for evolving. This incident makes
us aware of the fact that humans have such a large effect on the
environment. It causes us to think once more about what effects
humans'actions have on animals and plants. For reference, the .Dodo'
in Dodo Bird means 'fool' or 'idiot' in Portusuese.

Science Stories in Movies

Have you ever felt {hat the lechnology you see in science fiction movies is marvelous? lnnumerable scientific
technologies are born from the power of human imagination and are incorporated into movies at the hands of
directors. Also, events thought to be impossible in reality when a movie is made, actually becorne possible.
Minority Report, which opened in 2002, is a SF movie depicting the future world of 2054. In this movrs
there is a scene where a computer screen is manipulated atwill by hand, without a mouse. Many viewers have
seen this scene and have admired its imaginativeness. At the time, it was astonishing, but now, since we use
computers and smafl phones with screens that we directly touch on a daily basis, it does not seem especially
amaz ing at all.
Furthermore, in the movie cloud Atlas, which came out in 2012, cars that fly in the sky make an appearance.
' Seeing those cars, there were many people
who expressed doubt that cars that fly in the sky could surely be
made Yet, quite differently than expected by many people, flying cars actually came into existence.
The words of a famous French science-fiction writer, who said, "If one thinls, dreams become reality," are
so true to life in that the things we thought impossible are being realized in reality. So much so, that it will be
difficult to imagine what even more surprising events may become reality in the future.
 174 9.lz r^zl
Dear Jihyeong.
Last night. snorv fell and the whole rvorld tumed rvhite. When looking at snow I ve ahvays enjoyed it as if a
child, but today I have yet to be able to enjoy it at all. This is.because my worry, rhat things will be dilficult for
you since it's snowing, takes precedence. You aren't suffering due to clealing away the snow, are you?
It has been
a loug tirne since I had a vacation day so I took a walk outside alone. Suddenly I became lonesome
thinking of you, who took care to flnd me shade to avoid the hot sun on the road to the park in mid-summer,
lvho held onto ny hand rvorried that I would slip on the srowy road in the wilter. Walking alone on the roads
rve ahvays rvalked together, holv I felt empty.
Receiving the phone call last month that your furiough rvas canceled. I pretended that it was ok because I
guessed you would be sad if I let on that I lvas hurt, but in fact after hanging up the phone I cried. I di<i nothing
but count the days until I rvould see your face because you had time off, and then it rvas canceled. Yet. there rs
nothing we can do so I'm enduring. After that there was no call tiom you. I am cu ous, but I've been thinking
no news must be good news. Nothing has happened, rieht?
l'm putting my passion into studying for my university major
these days. Later if I become a fiction r.vriter ald
write a good novel, you promised to become a movie director aDd make it into a movie. Don't forset about that
promise.
I heard that rvhile men arc enlisted, they wofiy that their girlfrietds rvill wear rubber shoes backwards, surely
you're not having that soft of wonJ. are you? Don't forget the fact that Eun-su is next to you cheering you on,
you need to receive your training valiantly and come back looking healthy. I love you.
December 2nd
Your Eun-su

18rt 9{l r^zl p.190

Heungbu and Nol-bu

Time: Long ago

Place: A village
Chamctels: Heung-bu. Heung-bu's rvife, three of Heung-bu's children, Nol-bu, Nol-bu's wife, a swallow, conxnenraror

Heuugbu and Nol-bu

Tirne: Long ago
Placc: A village
characters; Heung-bu, Heung-bu s wife, three of Heung-bu's children, Nol-bu, Nol-bu's rvi1e, a swallow.

I
 commentator

Commentator: Long ago in a village lived two brothers, Heung-bu and Nol-bu. Nol-bu, the elder of the two, rvas
wicked hearted. but Heung-bu, the younger of the two, was kind hearted. When rheir fathir died, Nol-bu, who was
greedy, took possession of all of their parent's assets. But Heung-bu, without any complaint, helped with
all sorts
of things and lived in Nol-bu's house.
Nol-bu: (coming out to the yard angrily) Hey, Heung-bu, you wretch, until when are you planning on living n my
house? You have nine children and are still living in our house like a parasite? You are really shameless indeed.
Heung-bu: (sweeping the yard) I've done wrong, Older Brother. I'll take the children and we'll go live somewhere
on our own now. Thank you for feeding us and lodging us for so long. I'll try to live by my own strength no!,.

Commentator: Nol-bu kicked out Heung-bu's family. Heung-bu took his i'amity, left the house, built a hut at the
bottom of a mountain and they lived there.
(Heung-bu's children stick their heads out of the house weadng only sack like clothing)
Heung-bu's child #l: Father, I'm hungry. If I could only eat as much boiled rice as I like...
Heung-bu's child #2: If I could only eat rice, dipping it into hot soup... I am dying of hunger.
Heung-bu's child #3: stop talking about food. If we could just take off these sack-like clothes.
Heung-bu: Dear, the chiltlren are so hungry that they are pestering us for food, I should go to my older brother,s
house and bring back something to eat.
Heung-bu's Wife: Don't go. You'll just be yelled at again.
Heung-bu: Don't worry. would an older brother pretend to not know a younger brother? I,ll go and be back
quickly.

Commentator: And so Heung-bu went over to Nol-bu,s house.

Heung-bu: (bowing at the waist) Older Brother, my children are hungry, so could you please give me something
for them to eat. I'll be sure ro pay you back later.
Nol-bu: (hitting Heung-bu with a broom Nol-bu had been holding).What? Give you something to eat you ask? If
you have nothing to eat you should be thinking about working diligently, shouldn,t you.
Heung-bu: (dodging Nol-bu's broom) oh, older Brother. why are you being this way? My children are nungry
and have been nagging me repeatedly for something to eat, that is why I'm here. Please give me something for
them to eat.
Nol-bu's Wife: (rice scoop in hand runs out from the kitchen and hits Heung-bu in the cheek with the rice scoop)
No, where do you think this is that you can come and ask for something to eat?

Heung-bu: (picking off the grains of rice from his cheek and eating them) Oh, Sister-in-law, thank you. you have
such a generous heart, you know. If it's alright, could you hit my dght cheek with that rice scoop too, please,
so
my children can eat.
Nol-bu's Wife: What did you say? Why don't you leave immediately! You have not even shown your thanks for
the rice you have eaten in this house your entire life up until now, and you are asking for help again?

Commentator: Heung-bu, with no recourse, was kicked oui, He trudsed back to his house.

After some time, the cold winter passed and the warm spring came. Swallows found an eave of Heung-bu's house
and built a nest to live there.

Heung-bu's child #l: (in an urgent voice) Father, come over here quickly. A swallow fell and has been inlured after
 fleeing a snake.
Heung-bu: (running over quickly) oh my. Tsk, tsk, tsk, seems like its leg is broken. Don't wory. I,ll make it
better' (wrapping the srvallow's leg with a piece ofcloth) Yes,I put some ointment on it and tied it tight in a cloth,
now it will be alright.
Swallow: (flying into the air and circling around in thanks) Tweet-tweet! Tweet-tweet!
Heung-bu's Family: (waving to the bird) Okay, get rvell quickly.

Commentator: Summer passed and tumed to autumn, and the swallows fluttered back to thet hometown. And in
the spring ofthe next year, the swallows retumed to Heuns-bu's house.

Srvallow: (circling a few laps around the yard) Tweet-tweet! Tweet-tweet!

Heung-bu's child #2: Father, the swallows are back.It looks like the swallow that injured its leg last year.
Heung-bu's Wife: Really, I can see that it still has the cloth tied around its leg. Holvever, it has something in its
mouth.
Swallow: (drops a gourd seed to the ground and ffies off) Tweet-tweet! Tweet-tweet!
Heung-bu: Why, this is a gourd seed.
It's really a gourd seed,I see. We have nothing to eat,let,s huny and plant it.

Commentator: Heung-bu and his wife carefully planted the gourd seed in the ground. However, as soon as they
-
planted the seed, something amazing happened. Round gourds hung in clusters from the roof.

Heung-bu and Heung-bu's Wife: No, is this possible?

Heung-bu's Wife: Three or so gourds have already grown. The children have been so hungry and constantly asking
for food, we can cut this gourd from the vine and boil it to eat.
Heung-bu: Children, bring the saw over here.
Heung-bu's Children: Yes, Father.

Heung-bu's Farnily: (the whole family saws happily) Saw smoothly. Saw smoothly.

(suddenly with a "pop" a treasure comes out of the gourd)

Heung-bu: What, what sort of treasure is this?

Heung-bu's wife: seriously. what's going on here? Dear,let's not waste time. let's cut another one off.
Heung-bu's Family: (the whole farnily saws in surprise) Saw smoothly. Saw smoothly.

(with a "pop," money comes out the gourd)

Heung-bu's Wife: No, why is there money in it?

Heung-bu's Children: Wow, whoa, we are rich. Let,s cut the rest of the gourds down.

commentator: Surprisingly, every time Heung-bu's family cut off a gourd, treasure and money, all sorts of
precious items continued to pour out. And so in one moming, Heung-bu's family became rich, Hearing
the news.
greedy Nol-bu came running straight over.

Nol-bu: (in an excited voice) Heung-bu, come out. youlolder brother is here.
@ 6Hil= ol5zl gaLle?
What does a Haechi look like?

@ sllil= d8 +E H"JLltrL 6HEflal-rE Eel= 0l # aa:ql 3 Eol EIEE Hq ?,lr olalqE

q HJEoI ^lrl^1al
Eot ?l€Lltrf. eq|= B4 ?lr ZEaJoloil= H7fl71 ?l+Llc[. 6flil= El.g€ EEg + ?t= E
^FJg
qol ilq^l rl9zLf 8^16lrl R:d =dE€ 6lE ge dqr:-JLlLt.
^FJ=01
A Haechi is an imaginary animal. This animal, which is also called a Haetae, looks like a lion, but its eniire body
is covered in scales and homs come out of its head. A bell hangs from its neck, and it has wings at its ardpits. The
Haechi has the ability to judge people's hearts, and if people fight or act without integdty, it is said to strile them with
its homs.

@ '-Jd'e HqEt + ?l+Llrp

^l€El
To whom can you use'$,f!'?

.=+
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silll, 3?!aE 'rPl'E tsq^1 Tfala 4
^ll ^ltErLlEl.
0lilH 8g0ll r4al SalrlTl qlEoil '.Jt!'olalE c.l|E^lE EC6il^1 ElLlLl.
=ol ^l86fl0F
'*d'is not ordinarily used as a prcnoun to address someone when speakirg, In most circumstances in prlfessional
relationships, you should call the person you are. addressing by their family name, and add an appellation, or title,
such as Mr. or Director. In close relationships, when speaking banmal, you can call someone by their givgn name and
add the vocative particte '-ovol'. With family, call the person by their relationship name, such as Mother and Older
Brother. 'EJ4]', which is often translated as the second person singular pronoun 'you', is not used at all when speaking
in the circumstances above. It may be used as follows:

l) Between married p€rsons, to rcfer to each other In this case, '*,il' is basically
,dear'. Young couples
often use
,ZlZ,,
and older couples often use 'qE', nther than '*d'.
2) Between strangen who are arguing, used as a condescending 'you' when addressing the other.

3) When referring to a third person, in order to addrcss that p€Non as a respectful 'he' or ,she'.
Due to its various meanings in different circumstances, please b€ carefirl ifwhen using the pronoun ,*4]'.
12r+ ol=ElgTpll Beautirut Store p.81

'01-Etl37l1l'0ll clSXl 7l56fq r qE:ll Er0H7l EJLtrp

=ZS
Ho\\ arc itents donltted Io Beitutititl Skrr-c lnd
=Z=3
horr. are thrrsc ilens \ol(ll

EjifLf '0/€tf37fzl' ELlrl.

56|1^1 7l=
ef +
.ol€rl87l7jl'ojl^J gE6|q
=trll0l^l= ^lA=+ flaLlrf. ^lE =Z
3 +716H )l)lE 6fr ?e EIHH= 5dH^iE 7l=g ^lES
7 UTle 0l]Aql 7l=-g +E glaLlLl. 7l=E
^ld
E=e E+ + 4EEt 7f4= do-ll^l 4 9,1-! 'ol=tleTpll' 0|l3ee bH+EJLlLl. 4 0|]d0ll^l= -Jg-.J
^lqql ^l
?]=0il/|l 7l5EJ E0l6ln +q=e ola13 0l?- 916|1
===e ^fSEJLlLi.
llcgister'to donale via lelephone or thc \vebpale. Afrcf re-qistcrins. Beaulitill Storc \!,ill visit
)ou cli|cctl1 ancl pick Lrp
your items. Ilems can also be donalcd b; iicc clelircrl \er!icc. Doi|tions can also
bo nradc directl) to tr ncarbj skr-c.
Altc'I solling thc items and pricing then approp|iatell. thc itenrs erc sent otJ to Bcautiiul Storc regional
branchcs.
Donated itcnrs are sold to citizcns *'ho need thcnr nnd ihc proceeds are Ll\ccr 1br nccdv neighbors.

13I+ +-Ctqg{ MT School field trip and MT p.10 1

:.J+ qee qE a0l ?6Llrf?

| .FJol 6lE
^faJ=o
What kinds ol tfitvcl do Korcan\ do often l

:.-E
U4etr qd=
tfS:-J q==e -Je fi01 qg.r.F= E6|l q"JplLH='J=
^FJ=3 =ALltf =E-Lr =Hl7f
+ ?,1-! n|]Tl^lq6J= dE6f71E dl^lu.l=0ll= ^^e ZIE_rg tfLlq qg6|E Hl'Jq-dol lii:
^jlpl ^l+EZl ^l+ 221 ,1,,
+^JlgLlLf. Ei| e4= 1oi7l3+6lE^l qgE 6l. -J^f qg. 3ailZg r i
=01Lf: =oq ^lqg ^lE-\a1
3 5e4 qe, ,''f301l,l.1 ael=ql a=J= 4lE i --:6fl -s= .JE re1|o| q-"J=E E
^i=J-'JLl: =sl =Esr
fi0
7l= 9lallrl.
=r
Kofeans cnjoy all kinds of tlaVelins. oklcr Koreaus preler travcl packares about \hich injblmiltion
flt
can bc receivcd
thfough lravcl agents alld which requilc rto spccial pfeperatior. but :rl thc Inonrent. blrkpxcki
s. mekjng onc s orvn
plalls aDd traveling tleeh. is a rising trerrd. E\ploration travel. \\here onc !oe\ to cLrltur.al |clics ancl lcarns
aboul them.
tl,|vel\!,hcleonc\\'alksthcollctrailnleetingther-euirln.spcopleanclrlaitrralsccrreI\.Bu(ldhisttcnlIe
clircctl-\'' expcdie ce thc lives of ntonks. a0cl othcr sDocial.

14al +Il fll$ Numbers games p.12 |

G) *rl zl"J= t^il ErLlT/l?

When do \oU plar nuntber rames:l

:'J+0ll^1
^l+
6f= zlg
=ollE
i^l'= o l8-.J zlg=01 .pi+Lltl. i^l
TloJol oJ)pl il= olF= ++Ll dzl e
0l -J + 9lI F5l g-JollE ESol ElTl ntlsgLlrf. raH,(l +-+qgolLf gEl. rl+=rfoi s^lal^lg qal Eol
a.l+€o I Eq^J E Zlg=
trll i^l
^f+
-EtLlLl. /lgg EdH EoJol E+l7l= 6fr +dg ,Jel r.l"JAE
+g + 91cl^l
=Z/l
6l= +^l 1":ee= A#(369) 48. rlle(zero) ZloJ, B8e(oo7) Zlg Eol ?l
=+Lltf. ^l+
fLlrl.
Among Sames oftcn plal_cd in Kofca. nlany Lrse numbers. fhe reason tin thc populurit! o1-nunrber
sanrcs is lhat
anyonc cai casily Play arrd lhc games rrc good fb| der'elopinn thc brrin. So.j!st likc liiencls \\,ho tlrink together..
on
school licld trip and MT. studcnt\ oficrr gathcf and play nurrber Lantcs. 'l.hrough thc sanlcs. a plcasurablc
ambicncc is
 \
created, and group members can bond, so. it is easy to see that the games can be beneficial. Frequently played games
include the 369 Game, the Urc Game. and the 007 Game.

@ 5€01 Lt."ts E Eoll trf= Eoll tll-pj o-l|coE 9l6Ll7p

Apart from animal drcams, are therc interpretations about other types of dreams?

6 "HEielol7l ?Its E0l4n 8r-16ll^1

"-llEE
6E A+ E€olLl
^lEol
+61.= eert BALlEf. Eoil gEJ4 r
?l Eel a9 Ellille Ee d4 golg gzl EJEllg 4t€ Hq q|= Eot E€ tr14^1 ElTf Lf
=+!.84--JLlLt
: E= E 3+. 6ln o;= oJoll d36f1+ Edol
Ell Eolelr;ll4--JLlrl. 6lrloJ
- LHEoil E9 saN
e +_o_e 6fl.! "-E a9E fl*Ll+. qE =
6l=0fl €al7l^J E= trtE s= +E Eql= gzLl
=
E
=o1 =^ll6tzt
E0lzlr 6l|4-gLl+.
Animals and plants appear in many dreams considered to be meaningful for interpretation. Those cases
aside, in instances of normal dreams, it is thought that dreams show us events that are opposite of what
happens in reality. For example, dreams in which one is injured and bleeding are analyzed to be dreams of
success at work or of eaming a lot of money. However, depending on the content of the dream, tlere are
instances in which a dream is not analyzed in an opposite manner. For example, rising up into the heavens
and plucking a star is analyzed as a dream about becoming famous or successful.

@ g+g+el ^f4+E fl^ll oJ=oJxaLlrt?

When were the Korean Angbuilgu Scaphe Sundial and rhe Jagyeokru Water Clock made?

@ + ^lZ|: eF ^ll= 16Lj(1431LO011 gg0ll el6H EJE0II! ,iee 7l+qol flaLlEt. 8gA0ll el6H $=olTl g+
g+= 6eq ee 371011 ?19.7 | ullEoll 4l:iel 86 g + ?,lALl+. :eFel 9E=,ra16tl^1
= ^llgxl ^lzlafn
"J + flnr
oJE dqEl EEts +{6il^1 raJo+ E^l6|| Ffl*LlEf. 611^l
^lzlB ^l'Jg =rl_et-J,tl7l ^FJ- ^14€
Zl= go{lE E+ g.S! IE *olaf E4n HlTl eE C + g.g.7l qlEoll 0l EE E€!61
"-ftrlelE ^lZ€
71 91.-11
'JE A0l E^l4l?l rl4+oJLlct. Il4+= 2 lzEttt --J Sr l, 6l+011 12841 €E ^{^l gall4r
^l4E
ElLltrl.
Both timepieces are on record as having been made at the behest of King sejong in 1434 (his 16th reigning year).
The Angbuilgu Scaphe Sundial, made by Jang Yang-sil, was erected on the roadside of large roads, such as Jong-ro,
thus it can be called the first public clock. One could tell the time precisely from this clock, which was made taking
into account Korean latitude. It pictodally represented the hours for the benefit of those who could not read. Because
sundials could not be rcad at night and in bad weather, the Jagyeoku water clock was made in order to supplement the
sundial. Record has it that the Jagyeokru stuck a bell once every two hours, twelve tirnes per day,letting people know
the time.
:-Jt'-JII-E= qEril
3rllql aLlrl?
How do Korean men go to the military?

u 18

"J+oll
ll ol,s cfl-d"J+ 44E Z3-d grl= g8 7lz Egl Erlloil ++6Hot 61ts el+71 ilaLlcl. 4aol+ "Je
qal TlZe 4=4 ilol7l ?l-!tli
"JEJ4ee g^|E e+ 2LJ E"J g-95110t -dLltl.
^tdotl
qat
"JEH6lts
-r
ETlg + 9ln 5E--J Erll7l ?lE q: ErJlgTlE EJLlEf. E^le 7fE ilg 'JZl
^t7tE ^l8olLl 'J3011 =4011
5l= 4lE0l 0l5B?1r11 gEEt 71,J01 xtLlE g5g. gEE, ESee ++6tr 4tq6t1l ELt+.

It is an obligation for healthy Korean males 18 and older to serve in the military for a prescribed pedod. Depending on
one's rank or mission, the (conscription) terms vary slightly, but normally enlisted men must serve for about
two years.
Depending on the circumstances, one may postpone his conscription term, and an exemption may
be granted in special
cases or when there is a problem with one's health. If one enters the military as a
soldier, the first rank he recelves is
that of a private. After a certain period of time. he serves as a private first class, Then he serves as
a corporal. After
serving as a sergeant, he is discharged.
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trln *d9. "-t,l
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Olq=/ lE E_.:r]l q.:4 rlE Trrr h E *
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q 1'J0ll ej? 3ol r.l3oe rlrlE ,^rl? E0 0l r- "3611= +?rrtln q'i= R|aio-. --lc1\l E!

Eo 0 lsl^17 I dlE|'laf 0ll,\l qlaleJ4. -t rl= E -f Ll€ solqqsr

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5361' 539rlrr.
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: aaJol: dofq= +^i3 SEe Ll9
ru0
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)lE 6ljr- EqiE 3dl= #
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L rt. 114 E7l

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E ololT16|| Hlllg ', track 12 p.1,4
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^l LJ =7
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Ll. 4l0l4al0ll^l ugg ugdoll^j a

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LJ € *01 flol^ln 91+:

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olqafn 84--JLlLf. :sEq= /rlE q=ql 301 +r 91ol^J q+30 | € gol^lr ?lq.
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E7l2 ' track 19 p.56 = -E
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231
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12r;l p.80

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9{f!. r 7l p.179

"J6t7l p.156
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2) (1). (5), (3), (4), (2)

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M -= a oEztl M -otrl -E Tlol
n -ts a ezE "-rclt
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 itq indeed 116
i]'}etTH spectator; vlewer 93

-l government official 41

ijc,l,/f oJ=Ll to be difficult to manage 126

horizontal 117
Il,\lol ,r.H -7 trL to become interested 146
7|^-aavl 7 tllitrt to keep in one's heart 166 front gate of Gveonsbok
BEIE palace
7l+01 H3
Ezlrl to feel liberated 86
family lll
rrlEolLf tobother 36

2l=1. I to be trapped 136

monster 149
2lnul l
seagull 98 +Eoil ftfrl+ to fall in a hole 36

44o:frf to decrease t07 -fE-i'EolLl to be rvinding/curly 156

to exclaim 158 f. l composition; makeup 117
river water 73 :{er national flower 132
2 tt:F'
lecturc 36
+:lolr lEl the National Assembly
provinces in noftheastem Building
South Korca 90
14;l-r
Eqrltrf to harden 56
7ll l-
to develop 151
- xlEr frH^ t
obstinately 56
liar 49
e =r\tr trl to refract 151
to have many fears 26
|_71r lrL
result 56
=.\ to bow before/crawl to 190

7Jq=ttrlFl
to combine/connect 156
palace 96
7l
^H=- compennon rate 10'7 earoDe l)5
27^H^l competitiveness t27 scale; scope; size 168
nl l*lf I to calculate 116 shade 178
National Palace Museum
of Korea 96 shadow 161

highJevel 1',7 4 Just 178

r7lHll fishing boat 98 main throne hall 96
nglle 7]+e to wear rubber shoes 7l4l device; machine 56
ttrt backrvards 178
(^tEtd3)
orphanage 113 to cultiYate social skills 118

n5E +rf to inflict pain t36 11.12) oil/gas pdces 109

eilTl olErl to have a headache; to be / IiLwI
annoyed
146
AfiH6l{^ltl
to feel refreshed 86
a 2lf l to be like a bear 27 7l_Enl
^l;Lrl offense
to take 46
EE L4 EI curly hair 154 7 loiei memory 47
:127-lfL to respect/honor 116 _7loin I /\H,^H-lrt to have a vivid memory 166
BA af+ science fiction novel 158
^€
3Ar rf-* Baf science fiction film 158
train whistle 181

dried persimmon ' t;L basis of comparison 156

_7l=Elrl
the highest-level state to recelve donations 81
examination for recruting
:117.1
ranking officials during the 134 to relieve tension 116
Goryeo and Joseon TIHNIT I to go flat 92
Dynasty

I
2tfl to be deep 36 to have an increase in
\.T'Ervt, eEt 111
burden
to be suddenly surprised t76
to increase/grow 107
=vt!tEl
666?5 used to express hopping JO

7rl I url to pull out/remove from 36

to count 116

to put in/pin on 134

LrEorLr to be urgent 191
Eo-+ 7l€61trf to be filled with flowers 86
Fl.\: lr I to rule 38
]i-=*l persistendy; steadily 148
rf=^{ scarlet t34
jr88t
honey bread 98 EtHltxl
156
,E=OJflOI ceaselessly 87
(ol7l=) g4rl to pacify (a baby)
t:tol n I
endlessly 87
chicken coop 136
Eglo I E^1IlEf to be endlessly spread out 86 Et,\l you; darling 61
Eli] trlrL to win a prize 174
EfilTL prize winner 174

471 eE air pollution 66

LftLll traveler 36
rll.J"-lrl" to be bold t34
(eg) Lf^.lrl to hit the road 178
r.|lslTt to have a conversation
l5r17ltrf 46
stop
LlElLfEf to appear (as a...) 106
El|6l€ Lf+rl to have a conversation/
I /o
Hrf to be old 70 talk
E{ n lrl to becovered 69
Antarctic 78
Lfil boyfriend 56 -Erllbl Korean goblin 186

LIH ln lrL S.tllIJI why/what/how in the

to be a waste 70 50
world
(E€) LJHl6lrt to waste (water) 66 E.E.^ll Dodo Bird 138
Lt|El+HtrI to look down 38 stone bridge {
96
rllrlrl to go down 107 .E nLr-Lr lrL to go dound; to roam 113
I Uo lrL to stick out 96 6a cave 38
(Eg=) Lfi€trI to. kick out (a younger -E--retrl
186 to be circular/spherical t21
slDllng)
.=.oq,,\l video
Ll+ H6ll4 to be unrecognizable 56
gjolH r-l = because of having changed 166 EII
so much coin 33
LOITL the elderly and frail 133 sympathy 127

to be exposed 57 East Sea Shore 90

to melt 78 +al thickness 78

Eg= gtrt to be ridiculed/teased zo If one of us died while

Enl l}lrl-rl eating, the otler one
-Lr lrlrt to farm 6tLl7f would not know it 96
38 q=q =01E (because the food is so
+l brain 58 delicious)

snowy road 178 LfELr to look in 168

=\rt
 EIELTL to appear gE6ltrl
36 to be intact 70
exactly; just 56 lrlq to be handsome/stylish r78
rflErL
*t=el to make noise 188 children's teasing word 96
Egrt
€Ll to make a hole _tJ I g35ltrl to become extinct/die out 126
flqLflaltrl to jump down 36 E{g
specialty 98
to be hot 190 Bq|E+ io be honorable 134
an island in the Indian
trrlrl/\ Ocean (Republic of 138
Mauritius)
o !+t.^t model student 30
Iesort 77 E l+l
^lo
lr L
to be exemplary ,. 30
qlI]I
tur l&
EA;L| I to witness 150
EFlri 7tl
to be charged beyond
gal^lEl rccognluon 166
EF indiscriminately 138
+EE} hibiscus 132
UT= garlig 38
'1--E radish kimchi 98'
nlEt-g 4 rL ^l
-roE to sweep the yard 190
ElHlEEl
=El + 16l without incidenq smoothly 36
to be paralyzed
+4^lol
Et+^ computer mouse
6l/|/\lolrl no news is good news 167
158
El€ul7l carelessly; thoughtlessly 156
rqFdEf to be wicked hearted 190
unconditionally 94
Dl€01 to ease one's mind 176
=0lEt (e'JoP) Etrt to tie (with a piece of
01.30 | to be calm minded/ cloth) ' 160
il'Bdl|rl+ composed 86
suddenly 178
0 fEier{ friction force t57
E+AEE gift certificate 189
EldLfl in the end 38
Es[4 cultural treasure
'JUil gtrt to not be trivial 110 6 116
fur seal 78
to roll r54
ELT to bite 191
gg.0l without a word 87
to inherit 154
E-!O I ol E:trr to be unable to =a184
communicate 176 nlLla handsome type 116
cape 151 nt-= t a mountain in Tongyeong 98
to come out to meet 130 El4 smile 176
0llE ntotd
exhaust 66 beautiful type 116
EH.=rl otHtxl
to linger/go around 176 private lodging 98
gJLIIZ guide dog
"JOJ 136

qalTl oJofrltrl to have one's mind

become clear 86
r al^' in one's head/thoughts 58
q0l Hlgql galEl to flap in the wind 86
food 131
HI.H fool; idiot 138
 HI gourd 186 polar bear 78
EfTl.tll Elicrl to follow the rhythm t21 to be impossible 147
El I l*lrl to reflect 78 E4)l bad ecnnomy 128
HIGTLl-I to reflect 1r4 -e..!II{=LrL to be unfair 147

Hf*lrL to be enamored; to have a to be inegular 147

90
crush on =+^l5lrl
Etrll ol^
g=Eol +ztrt to have heavy steps 176
|
without inconvenience 190
EL6t,\l=LrL
gfldtrl' to show a skill or ability 134
to be uncefiain 147

EtLtol n
-=.Ilrl to hold onto; to grab 68
I
night and day 87
lr f,^.t HI-JETI plastic bag 74
dininc tahlc 136
HI'J silk t92
rice scoop 190
HlHlef (wind and) rain storm 73
HU.ll bellybutton 116
r.119
HU/\IE ratio; proportion 107
excrement 130
Hl al Hlg 5aJ ability to fly 138
abruptly 190
BITI=
(v,!=) qalq to thiow away (a can) 66
broom 190
HIHI round-and-round
LUEIr-I 187
to endure 38
EIHI .ETL to turn in circles
(= +7Pt) (of watering) to be 156
tH?Erl bothersome
126
aoI glacier 78
rfl ,,,\ l*lr I 126
uufrlLl7lEl to get out/slip thrcugh 156
E bee 149
to.be dyed red/colored
,g,J7ll 3=q
r+l-9 HfrL 86
to receive punishment 26 cnmson
ur!
t+t ru cheek 190
law school 111

H{ alr L $!So=[c1 to be shameless/brazen 190

balcony 131

Htn t,\ bass 117

g special; particular 90

delicacy 98
tHn l: I
chick t36
huntingdog 134
^197il
to disappear 50
treasure 186 ^lalrlq
ux7ll dimple
privateJife 57
155 ^t8g
r6t7t-q\ to protect (the entrepreneur 170
H A6lEt environment)
oo ^tg7l
I Le.t+l way to use 70
E+A.J plural response 118
collection of photographs 189
6ltrl to take revenge 26 ^ldd
=+-= biological mother 149
instinct 136
Al-d^l threeJine poem 174
frl:l=.\
+cl=trtLr to break (a leg) 186 2\t statue 41

+€401trf to be negative 53 a.J+ a considerable number 118

rr rl6l+Lr imagination
L
to be inaccurate/imprecise 147 ad+ 47
Arctic 78 common knowledgei
"\l,\l common sense
t sr(
 2\tr I
symbol gofl?l
41 visually impaired 136
^t4
SdaP|. to symbolize 41 )E E to have time pass without lno
^l7J Knowlng
to be new l8l
^llETI EiJI citizens' organization 8l
,\ll ' life ^IEJ
181
E0lEl to have a protest break out 76
/\HETI^l
ooEvt
olrl
liLl
to feel alive; to have sense
^, ^19]=
oI Mlrness garden
botalical 140
'/\lle organism;life 78 meal ticket 174
.llEJ ;t4 ^l^lfl
sewage 76 drinking water 76
^l+
43atcl to be hurt/sad 178 ll7l6lrl to be marvelous/amazing 158
clrcus 140 to come to feel that
^1714 something is marvelous r+o
d86ttrf to select 4l
^tBlEll
'tAIlF'll
,(lEtrtrL tlddttrl to be fresh 138
to be elected 153
a mountain in Gangwon
+r body structure ll6
€qrtl Province " 9u ^liJl
physical 154
,dE component ^till4
74 t!+ myth 38
A|e vertical ll7 arJLtrl to feel real 158
rl| sink 156
dllo=ftrl to put into effect;
^llE 58
to have the world be reallv to enforce
| €f Ert ' ,._
lo/
^11.30 small dlllE to actually exist 146
=Illdltrl
to set up/establish 38 d-d expenment
^ll+rl 58
to have time fly
- like an
+€e+ arrow roo d4ag1 to be serious 58
^llg0l
E .\lFl
lgl
self-service 54
to plant 191
,ul
4'Lf+ prne tree 36
sprout 191
,{t
4rllEs an island near Tongyeong 98
pair 4I
,\-?n I olrl ,r,lt7rlg
effect
to be of no 50
double eyelid 155
l L=^|
soprano 117
twins r49

to be deceived (^l^lg) Ert to accumulate

141 (knowledge) 118
to look forward to/count gof Fcl
+g0l Tlqel+ down to ro/ to pile up and leave 71
,tri rl
+=trl to embroider 41
to decay/rot 74
\jrEvl,
+9.01 innumerably 87 +ofrlEf to have (treasure) pour out 186
+q= profit 80 mugwort 38
45?+ aquarium | r.ln I
140 l,\;{17 pile of trash 70
+E eg water pollution 66 to feel lonely 178
46tat6l{ school field trip 101 E-EV I expenditures;spending 110
E order tlg 4146ttrl to be valiant/energetic i78
E woods 75
softly 187

time; hours 161

^17+
 Befg Elilcl to inlluence 58
gqsaJS movie admission ticket t74
0t+lE regreu frustration 181 q|+?l amst - 98
0f0l= icon 4T qld rqEolrl to be just as it had been 166
(60l=) ofzltrt to conserve (paper) oo qldEJ E6lEf to be not as good as it was 166
o frlrl n lr L
to be stable rt4 9+EE hut 190
o fr.l part-time job
L
56 tlgLl to go up 107
g='Jtrl to lay eggs t36 ocqtrlrL to be polluted 67

alto 117 rlE^l/ lLl to make polluted 74

"J+g+ Hemispherical Sundial 161 edq+E seasoned squid 98

otof sound of baby crying to have
34 e6ll7f .g7lrl a
46
misunderstanding
to take precedence; to
"J,\1trf precede
178 whole 178
nu=/\l patriotism 127 a't all kinds 190
n|]E.,url to make every effort 178 hot spring 76
-'i!
0llga pet dog t36 97.{ z hiking trail in Jeju-do 90
OllgJ=E pet 129 to even brusb past a 1a1
olGAlrl person is fate/karma
twr
g+^l1 paIIot 131
outfit 52
olTl abbreviation 101
to be perfect
gIEH I
^lr 30
amount 72
"J ''^^
Klng J6
olalAq" to be foolish 26
ot7ltol extraterrestrial; .alien 149
qalopl young child 49 ol:ll arl-=
ot+t+ r t9.:Lrl to use a loanword 46
vocabulary 47
EEE€ gZIItrI to lessen loneliness 126
to be shict 109
o FI e+o=ltrl to request 94
MT 101

adTH/\l
qcol tJrl to be greedy 26
passenger boat 98
qTlq q= 6[ EI|EI to swear/curse out 46
to regard/consider 58
q-H. dear; darling 61
bathtub r56

q+ eq to be like a fox 27
E,JAP|" to be brave 134

q$et leeway 94
dominant 154

qr! girlfriend 56
--F^I6 postbox 94

q4 9^.t a meteonc stone 152

'connecfion )t
/Hl.ll\ qf lrl -qc4r'L operator 153
to have a gourd opened 186

E=6ftr| to devote oneself 178

3g6ltrl to run/operate 81
ao o --r +lFl to stop crying 34
E^f hain 181
.9a! =
gal6frl to be clever/bright zo
elder neighbor 116

cco t-a to wonder about a

nutnent 153 EEt,/r EEorLr principle 146
 flt!^l place of origin 1.34 o l lclr-l to be raised/increased I07
+l7l crisis 138 ot,\t= rate of increase 107
9lxl location 116 to get/receive an
I li5
lmpresslon
9lE6tEf to thrcaten 138
otill human body 74
unlcom ,t1
to be lowered I07
RAJ ghosu specter 128
galTl ?lrf to make sense 57
+E heredity t54 l-t
o
sunset 98
erl maintenance; keeping 149
gu40lrf to be normal/regular 116
+rl6Ef to maintain I ft) g€6ttrf to be fixed 156
eeol= 4al to follow language trends 46 q!+
OILT sunrise 98
to repay a kindness 26 eqaE single-use product 66
=dl=,Jrf
o tru
medical school 111 pregnant women 133
olf l7l o lrL ql^l
to be faithtul zo stance; position 30
ol,|l 50l
xtElr-l to communicate well 46 entrance exam 53

9C"=[c1 to be suspicious of 73
ot/\t:h-L to doubt i56
f-rt7\
-qEf+trL to respond (that...) 106
Tl'7 L-Q.
car
(one's own) 14
o l7140lrl to be selfish 30
water clock 161
rltEt# private 181
TL7l=-g. rrlrl to get a certificate/icense 111
0l=40E
to be possible theoretically 146
sack 190
nl-=nl ErL to be highly regarded/ IIEEI to cut off
134 36
renowned
o lEllE
TlI sons and daughters 132
event 174

0187l+ abnormal climate

Tloq,\ al r L
to be natural 30
66
0ld40lrl to be ideal
rf?E^[ volunteer work 30
117
If= (musical) composition
0l€ opposite sex; other gender 53
181
rtrt writing lyrics
0l€40lrl to be rational 58
181

0lol^ ltrf to get connected 150

tully 34
Il'r lrL to sink 78
0137t gfdrlEf to have a reason become
known r46
Ilnlolrt to prey on 34
016114 ability to understand 47 IfLt joke 58
personnel expenses;
?.!ZHI
payroll 110 Itof^=lrl to purchase 32
ott[,\l patience 127
AIEH
view; scene 90
OIEOF Indian Ocean 138
IlHl:Lr I
shopping basket 74
humanity t49 decorative lights 137
ol/\ n t\ 7 trt to have a deep impression 116 to measure 116
^l|trI
 TllElg. ,^ltEl recycling center 71
=^l0l ^l
?,Itrf to be standing in lines 86
(+atBE) to reuse/recycle (a glass
rllF-l.Q.;trt borrle) 66 in themiddle 176
=Zotj
on its own =-ir-g used item 81
10

4-E equator 156

6El4Lf to be cut-off/suspended 67
x{-QE lrl to be applied 156
to be neutral 58

to pass on/convey 6/ lolLl to rncrease 107

^lEJtrtrl 1.54
r.t,\l legend SUsl global warming 66
41. ^l+
xl^Hnl I trt rt+?.1 people living on the earth 149
to have a war begin 69

absolutely; never 36
rl+ilrl to pass by 156
=eI
X-,.18 o e to become emotionally roof .- j.gl
o l^l trlrl stable 126 ^lE
to be messy 71,
€dagtrl to be eamet; to do one's ^lrlE6ftrl
UIMOSI 191 (d0t) (of a house) to become
rl^lE.-flrltl dirty/messy tzo
€elEt righteousness 4l
paper bilfmoney 33
iJn I EFrt ^ltrll
to be warm/kind hearted 52 .^IE straight hair 154
€d0l Elrf to power to go out 69
Tl=7ll Jindo Dog 134
rllqie properly ll3 TlEo=lcf to lay out/display 29
IIEJ please; for goodness sake 36 -^I.xJ-Lr-L to be true/genuine 94
TJIH I swallow 186
TlEf6ftrf to evolve 126
product 68 (-=rlo{l rlldtl)
trlrl 4tg*trt to ask about (whether..) 106
.x7f to be carved 96
4,\l survey; investigation 54 animal; beast 96

(-= Er18ee) xl-9 rtr trL

1o watch a house
to survev/studv 134
6116ltrf (something) " ruo
I|-L to write 174
x2\l Korea's frst kingdom 38 Ilr-L to bark/howl 130
EEI= 0 j+rt to achieve harmony rt4 nl€o I Llcl to get annoyed 188
4.EliE-} honorfic language 116
llnlEH JjamJjamyeon (mix Jjam
6rll*trt to exlst 150 bbong and Jjajangmyeon)

to have a bell ring/chime 161

to remain as a good
=:3+qee
LIr-L
memory 166

+=7fl freckle 155

to occupy 190
-T-6-r-d in clusters
^frldltrf
187
(-tf= t|'Jol to (have responses that
+.J citizen 76 .,E/ ,^.f/\lorLf say. .) take the position 106
(of )
E/l stem; stalk 134 iL+ gradually 138
to decrease t07 afn-e for reference 138

,,\,(7.ll_7l.=l
=.\lrl
to reduce (food scraps) 66 d=€01 "Jrl to have a lot of patience 26
EE--= r'l to have a habit of using g1+tr| to get something for
r+l-=^=Lr t AA 131
Ponmanteaus someone
 uTlLl to takehack '30 El El El El ploddingly 187

ilEl eaves 191 El^l6ltrl to touch 158

;.1-9 ElLf tl hrst ,loo
grd e+ it seems like we onlv- -. fur 130
met yeslerday
F.llt -{ tenor 117
xt-+ a mythical animal 96
nnl olrL to lack maturiry 30
Eg9E grcund/soil pollution 66

saw 186
E7fl+al eEf to be like a green frog n
an island in South Jeolla o^
counter for round nouns 191
Province a city in South
EE 98
it/\ Lt teenager 58
Gyeongsang Province

o^IolLr to control 58
body weight 149
^lt5
*t.9.4 FBOJZ invisible person lf I
the best 174
ii] ballot; vote 153
raffle; lottery 189

5E4oe impulsively 58

a regional gimbap 98
=+e'J
6Eel sufficiently Jt,
- trtq!q" to be deshoyed 67
loyalty 134
=dd EJE6ttrf to judge 41
+l45ltrl to be canceled 67
r-Lt to spread 57
to clear 178 ^tLr
^l?trl
Tl=,il Leol to feel a sense of
46
Etd pension 98
intimacy/familiarity Etfl penguin 138
ezsE seven toed dragon 96 E{,U lifelong 136

gEIEtrI to be peaceful 138

waste water 66

97l head; root (unit noun) 181

712l=lf I to be pitch dark 38
-/ lorLl to give up 176
rJtrll?.1 camPargn 74
Portugal 138
fll0l=71" cable car 77
s3,r.1o1e portal site 118
E=al^l Konglish 54
.r torLt to mark/indicate 12r
4=6ltt to be cheerful 109
Ed4 ability to express 41
deep bow 181 EEOI to have.ample ability for 46
Ei+6firlq expresslon
grass 181

EE qualrty 33

Efr.Lftrl to be bom with 154

scenery 90
trl6lEl to avoid 1I4
Ef oJ El^l time machine 151

ostrich 138
EJgo-ltrl to be bom 158
 qE probability r07

gA Eill environmentalorganization 76

of (.1 as a matter of fact t70 fl3 eg environmentalpollution 67

6lLlE ?l H6ttrt to have not changed at all 166 e€ mythological figure; 38

Dangun's father
6[+0ldoll m one momrng 1()t
SE exchange mte 107
:eltli6ttrl 126
to abuse gE broad; wide 90
E! approximately 110
a4 yellow 134
-dzEoil without a break 192 E},'\ bull 36
:eE^l Korean-style 54
Ed^ training center 181

'tt \aE mid-summer r78

eE^l7ltrl to train (someone) " 126
g+E recklessly; without
thinking
36 EAJ€ BJE.I to receive training r78

-daE chorus; choir ll7 E8 medal 134

por 98 fluttering 187

6foLF I large Korean jar 161 Fg qg a trip for relaxation 101

.a*l <n
-d6ll voyage 138 commonly

dfleq+, !o be solved 67 to flow into 76

=al =ol7ttrt
6llEtrl to be harmfrrl 74 to flow out 161
=a{Ltgtrl
3,^.+Lr-L
dream interpretation r4l EI'T-UI EI to absorb 78

6lt+E sea level 78. gttrf to be of no inter.est/ 1.46

uninieresting
=El7l
6l|YJ -L l oceanside city 78
to get excited 192
name of a legendary
4I =E6ttrl
6llil creature
.6HB_l sunlight 38

a6 behavior; action 58

o1'' I permission fi6

ad"-ttrl to feel empty 178

-"ll0lltrl to wander 176

d tongue 154

fl8 phenomenon I54

aat reality 114

E€498
EtL!-ilrL ' to be impossible in reality 146

e.-J older brother 190

E+"J sister.in-law 190

EEII form; shape 154

aTlE curiosity ln
EaJol e+ to be like a tiger n
flower; flowering plant 130