FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL

PRE-TEST (PRE-LIM)

ESSAY;

1. WHAT IS BLEEDING?

The loss of blood from the circulatory system is known as

bleeding. Small scrapes and abrasions to major cuts and
amputations are all possible causes. Internal bleeding can result
from modest (visible as superficial bruising) to major (seen as huge
hemorrhage) injuries to the body.

2. HOW DO YOU APPLY FIRST AID IN BLEEDING?

Cover the wound with a sterile bandage or a clean cloth. To stop

bleeding, firmly press the bandage against your palm. Maintain
consistent pressure on the wound until it stops bleeding. Maintain
pressure on the wound by wrapping it in a thick bandage or a clean
cloth.

3. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF BLEEDING WILL NOT STOP?

Seek medical treatment if the cut bleeds profusely or does not stop
bleeding after 10 to 15 minutes of pressure. Stitches may be required.
After the bleeding has stopped, thoroughly cleanse the injury with cool
water.
UNIT 4( WEEK 5-6 SEPT 20 –OCT 2, 2021)

LEARNING ACTIVITY

1. Enumerate the three types of bleeding and discuss how to

treat them

 Arterial bleeding- Apply direct pressure on the artery to stop

bleeding. If feasible, have the patient hold a thick pad or dressing
in place while you apply roller gauze to secure it. Lift your hand to
examine if blood is leaking through instead of lifting the dressing
to see if the bleeding has stopped.

 Venous bleeding- For 5 minutes, apply continuous, hard pressure

on the wound. Clean gauze or a clean cloth, such as a
handkerchief, should be placed on the wounds. If the bleeding
persists for more than 10 minutes, cover it with another cloth.
Remove the initial layer of saturated fabric as soon as possible to
avoid disrupting the clotting process. Call 911 if there is a lot of
bleeding or if the person loses consciousness.

 Capillary bleeding- Apply a sterile pad or bandage to the wound

(if possible). However, anything clean, such as napkins or tissue,
will suffice. Apply an antibiotic lotion (if you have one) to the
wound once it is clean and dry and the bleeding has stopped to
prevent infection. Apply a bandage to the wound that is large
enough to cover it completely.
 2.Discuss some causes of bleeding.

Traumatic bleeding- Traumatic bleeding can occur as a result of an

injury. The degree of traumatic injuries varies. For example: abrasions
(scrapes) that don’t penetrate too far below the skin, lacerations (cuts),
and gunshot wounds

Medical conditions- here are also some medical conditions that can
cause bleeding. Bleeding due to a medical condition is less common
than traumatic bleeding. For example: hemophilia, leukemia, and liver
disease.

Medicines- Some medicines and certain treatments can increase your

chances of bleeding, or even cause bleeding. For example: blood
thinners, antibiotics (used on a long term basis), and radiation therapy.

2. Enumerate the signs of a medical emergency?

Seek medical help if:

 the person has gone into shock or has a fever

 the bleeding cannot be controlled using pressure
 the wound requires a tourniquet
 the bleeding was caused by a serious injury
 the wound may need stitches to stop bleeding
 foreign objects are stuck inside the wound
 the wound appears to be infected, such as swelling or leaking a
whitish-yellow or brown pus, or has redness
 the injury occurred due to a bite from an animal or human
 When you call for help, emergency services will tell you what to
do and when they’ll arrive.
 UNIT 5( WEEK 7 OCT4 -OCT. 9, 2021)

LEARNING ACTIVITY

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

QUIZ 2( FUNDAMENTALS OF BANDAGING)

1. What do you call a strip of material , such as gauze, which is used

to protect, immobilize, compress or support an injured body part?
a. Anesthesia b. bandage c. sling d. splint
2. What is this device usually made of wood that is used for
immobilization ?
a. Anesthesia b. bandage c. sling d. splint
3. This is stretchable bandage used to create localized pressure onto
an injured part of the body. It
may be used to control bleeding or to immobilize the injured part.
a. Apex b. cravat c. elastic bandage d. triangular bandage
4. This is basic first aid item that can be used as both a bandage and a
sling.
a. Apexb. cravat c. elastic bandage d. triangular bandage
5. These are parts of a triangular bandage except:
a. Base b. ends c. sides d. tip
6. One can apply a triangular bandage in an open phase in the
following except:
a. Arm sling b. chest c. head d. knee bent
What does the picture show?

8.

d. shoulder bandage

9.

a.Arm sling

10.
b. chest bandage

a.Arm sling b. chest bandage c. open palm bandage d. shoulder

bandage
-----------------------------------END OF PRE-
LIM----------------------------------