WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE

WISE WISH Marine Engineering Training Centre

MEO Class III (PART III) Pre-Test
Time allowed: 3 hrs
Subject : N.A & S.C CIII 003
(At least (12) questions from Section ‘A’ and (3) questions from Section ‘B’ must be attempted)
SECTION (A)
1. Explains why the shaft tunnel must be of watertight construction and how water is prevented from
entering the engine room if the tunnel becomes flooded. (4)
2. How many minimum numbers of bulkheads are required for a ship? (4)
3. Describes how to get the corrosion onboard. (4)
4. What is ‘Bulwark’? Describe briefly about its construction. (4)
5. List the parameters of a screw propeller and state formula to calculate the ‘slip’. (4)
6. Explain the purpose of rudder carrier bearing. (4)
7. What is Coaming? What is purpose for it? (4)
8. What is tank top? What purpose of it? (4)
9. Describes the two methods of cathodic protection that being used to minimize the effect of
corrosion of ship hull. (4)
10. Describes the fitting of air vent pipes to ballast tanks or fuel oil tanks. (4)
11. Explains compensation for loss of strength at hatch openings. (4)
12. Explains why transverse bulkheads have vertical corrugations and longitudinal bulkheads
have horizontal corrugations. (4)
13. Defines the Rise of floor, Flare, Parallel middle body and Entrance. (4)
14. Describe reserve buoyancy and explain importance of reserve buoyancy. (4)
15. With reference to stability at large angle of heel what is meant by righting lever? Draw a sketch
Showing location of righting lever (4)
16. What are the functions of the stern frame? (4)
17. What is meant by ‘Pounding’ or ‘Slamming’ and state which part of the ship is affected? (4)
18. What is freeing port and state purpose of it? (4)
SECTION (B)
(Atleast 2 calculation and 1 theory to be attempted)
1. (a) State how the block coefficient Cbis defined. (4)
(b) A ship 140 m long and 18 m beam floats at a draught of 9 m. The immersed cross-sectional
area at equal interval are 5,60,116,152,153,153,151,142,85 and 0 m2 espectively. (12)
Calculate:
(i) Displacement (ii) block coefficient (iii) mid-ship section area coefficient
2. (a) What is centre of gravity? (4)
(b) A ship of 8500 tonne displacement is composed of mass of 2000, 3000, 1000, 2000 and
500 tonne at positions 2,5,8,10 and 14 m above the keel. Determine the height of the centre
of gravity of the ship above the keel. (12)
3. A bulkhead is in the form of a trapezoid 9 m wide at the deck. 5 m wide at the bottom and 8 m
deep. Find the load on the bulkhead if it bas oil (rd 0.85) on one side only: (a) to a depth of 6 m.
(b) with 4 m head to the top edge. (16)
4. (a)Sketch and describe the line to be used with Load Line marks? (12)
(b) Explain the purpose of freeing port. (4)
5. Sketch and describe a watertight door of sliding type. What routine maintenance must be carried
out to ensure that the door is always in working order? (16)
NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC
 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
SECTION (A) ANSWER
1. Explains why the shaft tunnel must be of watertight construction and how water is prevented
from entering the engine room if the tunnel becomes flooded. (4)
1. Where a ship’s machinery space is not aft of ship, a tunnel is provided to lead the shafting to the
after peak bulkhead.
2. The tunnel must be watertight construction to provide incase of leakage from the shaft seal.
3. The forward end of the tunnel is fitted with a sliding watertight door to prevent from water
entering into engine room if the tunnel becomes flooded.

2. How many minimum numbers of bulkheads are required for a ship? (4)
Minimum numbers of bulkheads
1. The ship with aft machinery room requires minimum 3 numbers of bulkhead.
2. They are collision bulkhead, forward machinery room bulkhead and aft-peak bulkhead.
3. The ship with mid machinery room requires minimum 4 numbers of bulkhead.
4. They are collision bulkhead, forward & aft machinery room bulkhead, and aft-peak
bulkhead.
5. Additional bulkheads needed depends on the ship’s length.

3. Describes how to get the corrosion onboard. (4)

Corrosion onboard
1. When steel is exposed to oxygen and moisture, the oxidizing or rusting will take place.
2. A ship is always in sea water, an electro-chemical reaction take place on unprotected steel
surfaces and forming a corrosion cell.
3. The electrical potential difference between two metals in sea water, occur the current flow.
4. This current flow results in metal being removed from the anode metal or positive electrode.
5. Such the wastage is called corrosion.

4. What is ‘Bulwark’? Describe briefly about its construction. (4)

Bulwark
Bulwark is to protect the personnel or objects falling over board due to ship rolling excessively.
Construction of Bulwark
1. It is fitted at least 1 meter high of open rail or solid plate at the deck edge.
2. The upper edge is stiffened by a ‘hooked bulb angle’.
3. The lower edge is riveted to the sheer strake.
4. Freeing ports must be cut in the bottom of the bulwark to allow the water to flow off the
deck.

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
5. Lists the parameters of a screw propeller and state formula to calculate the Slip. (4)
Parameter of propeller
P = pitch in m, the distance moved by propeller in one revolution of shaft
D = diameter in m, the circle or disc cut out by the blade tips.
p = pitch ratio, the face pitch divided by the diameter.
N = revolution per min of propeller shaft.
V = theoretical speed of propeller in knots
Vs= Ship speed in knots

P × N × 60
V =
1852
Slip = × 100 %

6. Explain the purpose of rudder carrier bearing. (4)

Purpose of rudder carrier bearing
1. The rudder carrier carries the weight of rudder.
2. The rudder weight is transferred to the lower bearing surface of the carrier.
3. This bearing pintle is only required to support the weight of the rudder when the rudder
carrier damage.
4. The pintles are guiding the rudder in place and the rudder is turning on pintles.

7. What is Coaming? What is purpose for it? (4)

Coaming and its purpose
1. It is the vertical plate structure around a hatchway.
2. The coamings are supported by vertical webs.
3. On the weather deck the coamings must be at a minimum height of 600mm.
4. It supports the hatch cover and reduces the risk of water entry to the holds.

8. What is tank top? What purpose of it? (4)

Purpose of Tank top
1. It is the bottom of a hold which is also the top of the double bottom tanks.
2. The tank top increases the longitudinal strength.
3. It is strong enough to act as a platform for cargo and machinery.
4. The plating is 10% thicker in the engine room.

9. Describes the two methods of cathodic protection that being used to minimize the effect of
corrosion of ship hull. (4)
1. Aluminium or zinc anodes
Install the aluminium or zinc anodes at bottom of the ship hull where always in touch with
sea water. Only anodes are wastage instead of steel and prevent from corrosion of steel
plates.
2. Impressed current system
Impressed current system is that a set voltage difference is maintained between the hull and
fitted anodes.
3. If the voltage difference of the hull and anode is not same with set value, this system provides
a reverse current flow from the ship power supply through an anode.
4. Maintaining of set voltage difference prevent from corrosion.

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
10. Describes the fitting of air vent pipes to ballast tanks or fuel oil tanks. (4)
1. Ventilation of double-bottom tanks is provided by means of an air vent pipe.
2. It is situated remote from the filling pipe and usually at the highest point in the tank to avoid
unventilated pockets.
3. The air vent pipe is led up to the weather deck to a gooseneck or patent type of head.
4. Air vent pipes from fuel tanks are positioned in low risk areas and have anti-flash screen.
11. Explains compensation for loss of strength at hatch openings. (4)
Compensation for loss of strength at hatch openings are as follows:
1. At the hatch openings, the changes of plating material should be gradual and well radius.
2. Any sharp corner can be crack by stresses.
3. Well-radius corners must be used at the hatch corners.
4. The corners of openings are fitting the doubling plates or thicker insert plates.
5. If the elliptical corners are used no need to fit the doubling plates

12. Explains why transverse bulkheads have vertical corrugations and longitudinal bulkheads have
horizontal corrugations. (4)
Corrugations for transverse and longitudinal bulkheads
1. In corrugations, the troughs are purpose for carry the load as stiffeners and no stiffeners at
corrugation bulkheads.
2. In transverse bulkheads, vertical stiffeners are fitted for vertical strength. In longitudinal
bulkheads, horizontal stiffeners are fitted for longitudinal strength of the ship.
3. Therefore the troughs are vertical on transverse bulkheads but no on longitudinal bulkheads.
They must be horizontal to get the longitudinal strength of the ship.
13. Defines the Rise of floor, Flare, Parallel middle body and Entrance. (4)
Rise of floor: - The rise of the bottom shell plating line above the base line.
- This rise is measured at the line of moulded beam.
Flare: - The outward curvature of the side shell above the waterline.
- It promotes dryness and located at the fore end of ship.
Parallel middle body: - The ship length for which the mid-ship section is constant in area of ship.
Entrance: - The immersed body of the vessel forward of the parallel middle body.

14. Describe reserve buoyancy and explain importance of reserve buoyancy. (4)
Reserve buoyancy
1. Watertight volume of a ship above the water line is called the reserved buoyancy.
(Water plane area x freeboard)
2. In case of damage to main hull, the ship is called the loss of buoyancy.
Importance of Reserve buoyancy is
1. to meet loss of buoyancy, in case of hull damage.
2. to provide enough freeboard, to make the vessel seaworthy.

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
15. With reference to stability at large angle of heel. What is meant by righting lever? Draw a
sketch Showing location of righting lever (4)
Righting Lever
1. When the ship is inclined by an external force to an angle θ, the centre of gravity remains in
the same position but the centre of buoyancy moves from B to B1.
2. The buoyancy acts up through B1 while the weight still acts down through G.
3. Creating a righting moment = ∆g × GZ
4. GZ is the righting lever

16. What are the functions of the stern frame? (4)

Functions of stern frame
1. It prevents the serious vibration at the after end of ship.
2. There must be enough clearances between the propeller and stern frame.
3. It provides for propeller shaft with stern tube seal.
4. It will locate the right direction for rudder and propeller.

17. What is meant by ‘Pounding’ or ‘Slamming’ and state which part of the ship is affected? (4)
Pounding
1. In heavy weather, when the ship is heaving and pitching, the forward end leaves and re- enters
the water with a slamming effect. This slamming down of the forward part of ship on to the
water is known as pounding.
2. Additional stiffening must be fitted in the pounding region to reduce the possibility of
damage to the structure.
Parts affected
The ship is effected the pounding at 25-30% of the ship length from the aft of forward
perpendicular.

18. What is freeing port and state purpose of it? (4)

Freeing port and its purpose
1. Freeing ports is large openings and cut in the bottom of the bulwark.
2. It purposes for allowing the water to flow off the deck.
3. The lower edges of the ports must be as near to the deck as possible.

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
SECTION (B) ANSWER

1. (a) State how the block coefficient Cb is defined. (4)

(b) A ship 140 m long and 18 m beam floats at a draught of 9 m. The immersed cross-sectional
area at equal interval are 5,60,116,152,153,153,151,142,85 and 0 m2 respectively. (12)
Calculate:
(i) displacement
(ii) block coefficient
(iii) mid-ship section area coefficient

(a) Block Coefficient (Cb)

Block coefficient Cb is the ratio of the volume of displacement to the product of the length,
breadth and draught.

volume of displacement
C =
Length × Breadth × draught
∇
C =
L×B×d

(b) A ship 140 m long and 18 m beam floats at a draught of 9 m. The immersed cross-
sectional areas at equal interval are 5, 60, 116, 145, 152, 153, 153, 151, 142, 85 and 0
m2 respectively. Calculate:
(i) Displacement, (ii) block coefficient, (iii)mid-ship section area coefficient.

. .
5 1 5
60 4 240
116 2 232
145 4 580
152 2 304
153 4 612
153 2 306
151 4 604
142 2 284
85 4 340
0 1 0
=
L
Common interval h =
(n − 1)
140
=
(11 − 1)
= 14 m
1
Vol. of ship ∇ = × h × Σ∇
3
NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC
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1
= × 14 × 3507
3
= 16366 m
(i) Displacement, ∆ = ∇ × ρ .
= 16366 × 1.025
= 16775.15 tonne
∇
(ii) Block Coef icient, C =
L×B×d
16366
=
140 × 18 × 9
= 0.7216
A
(iii) C =
B×d
153
=
18 × 9
= 0.9444
Ans:
(i) Displacement, ∆ = 16775.15 tonne
(ii) Block Coef icient, C = 0.7216
(iii) C = 0.9444

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
2. (a) What is centre of gravity? (4)
(b) A ship of 8500 tonne displacement is composed of mass of 2000, 3000, 1000, 2000 and
5000 tonne at positions 2,5,8,10 and 14 m above the keel. Determine the height of the centre
of gravity of the ship above the keel. (12)

(a)Centre of gravity
1. The centre of gravity of an object is the point at which the whole weight of the object
may be regarded as acting.
2. If the object is suspended from this point, then it will remain balanced and will not
tilt.
3. It is usual to measure the 'Vertical position of the centre of gravity of the ship above
the keel and this distance is denoted by KG.
4. The longitudinal position of the centre of gravity (LCG) is usually given as a distance
forward or aft of midships.
(b) Given
Ship displacement = 8500 tonne
Masses composed = 2000, 3000, 1000, 2000 and 500 tonnes at 2, 5, 8, 10 and 14 m
above the key

500

14 m

2000
10 m

1000
8m
CG
3000
5m

2000 2m

(tonne) (m) (t m )
2000 2 4000
3000 5 15000
1000 8 8000
2000 10 20000
500 14 7000

Moment of Mass
KG =
Σ Mass
54000
=
8500
= 6.3529 m

Ans: Centre of gravity above the keel = 6.35 29 m

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
3. A bulkhead is in the form of a trapezoid 9 m wide at the deck. 5 m wide at the bottom and 8 m
deep. Find the load on the bulkhead if it bas oil (rd 0.85) on one side only: (a) to a depth of 6 m.
(b) with 4 m head to the top edge.
(16)

6
=2×
8
= 1.5
) =
6
= (0.85 × 1) × 9.81 × 5 × 6 ×
2
= 750.465
2 =
1.5 × 6 6
= 2 × 0.85 × 1 × 9.81 × ×
2 3
= 150.093
ℎ = +
= 750.465 + 150.093
= 900.558

) =

= 2.6683
8
= (0.85 × 1) × 9.81 × 5 × 8 × +4
2
2×8 8
= 2 × 0.85 × 1 × 9.81 × × +4
2 3
= 0.8894
= 2.6683 + 0.8894
= 3.5577
Ans: (a) to a depth of 6 m, Load = 900.558
with 4 m head to the top edge, Load = 3.5577

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
4. (a)Sketch and describe the line to be used with Load Line marks? (12)
(b) Explain the purpose of freeing port. (4)

(a)

The load line marks

Deck line = Top of Deck line is same level with the top surface of the freeboard deck.

S = Summer load line in sea water

F = Summer load line in fresh water

T = Tropical zone load line in sea water

TF = Tropical zone load line in fresh water

W = Winter load line

WNA = Winter North Atlantic load line (For ship length of 100m or more).

(b)Freeing port and its purpose

1. Freeing ports is large openings and cut in the bottom of the bulwark.
2. It purposes for allowing the water to flow off the deck.
3. The lower edges of the ports must be as near to the deck as possible.

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC

 WISE WISH MARINE ENGINEERING TRAINING CENTRE
CIII 003
5. Sketch and describe a watertight door of sliding type. What routine maintenance must be carried
out to ensure that the door is always in working order? (16)

Watertight door of sliding type

Figure: Vertical Sliding Watertight Door

1. Vertical sliding doors are closed with a vertical screw thread which turns in a gunmetal nut
secured to the door.
2. The screw is turned by a spindle which extends above the bulkhead deck, fitted with a crank
handle allowing complete circular motion. A similar crank must be fitted at the door.
3. The door runs in vertical grooves which are tapered towards the bottom, the door having
similar taper, so that a tight bearing fit is obtained when the door is closed.
4. Brass facing strips are fitted to both the door and the frame.
5. An indication of showing whether the door is open or close must be fitted at the control position
above the bulkhead deck.

For routine maintenance;

1. There must be no groove at the bottom of the door to collect dirt which would prevent the
door fully closing.
2. Apply the grease to the screw threads regularly.
3. Regular inspection must be checked the operation system from local and remote position.
4. Also check the safety alarm of door for sound and light.

NA & SC SET 3 updated 13.6.2016 WISE WISH METC