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6. What structures form the anterior wall, posterior, roof and floor of the
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inguinal canal?
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7. What are superficial and deep inguinal rings?
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8. What structures pass through inguinal canal in females?
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9. Give the location and extent of inguinal canal.
10. Enumerate the contents of inguinal canal.
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11. Name the hernia entering the inguinal canal at deep inguinal ring. Give its
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1. What factors control the temperature of the testes? What is the importance of
testes temperature?
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2. Define varicocele.
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3. The incidence of left sided varicocele is higher than the right side. Give
anatomical basis of this difference.
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3. Name the communication of the lesser sac. Also mention the boundaries of
this communication.
4. Name three peritoneal ligaments each which connect liver and stomach to
another organ and to an abdominal wall.
5. Describe the mesentery. Enumerate its contents.
6. Give the nerve supply of visceral peritoneum.
7. Define omentum. Name and give attachments of various omenta of abdominal
cavity.
8. What is epiploic foramen? Give its boundaries.
9. Write a note on lesser omentum.
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1. Give the lymphatic drainage of stomach.
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2. What is the cause of esophageal varices?
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Small and Large Intestines rs e
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1. How can a surgeon distinguish the large intestines from the small intestines
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3. Give the arterial supply of duodenum above the entry of bile duct.
4. Give anatomical relations of 3rd part of duodenum.
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Extrahepatic Biliary Apparatus
1. What is hepatopancreatic ampulla? Where does it open?
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5. Enumerate the arteries which supply the pancreas. Also give the name of
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parent vessels from which these arteries are derived.
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6. What is hepatopancreatic ampulla? Where does it open?
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7. List the structures related to the neck of pancreas.
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8. Name the ligaments of liver.
1. Draw and label diagrams to show the anterior relations of right and left
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kidneys.
2. Describe the coverings of kidney which support the retroperitoneal organ in its
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position.
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3. What is the site of renal transplant and what is the reason for selection of this
site?
4. Enumerate the normal sites of constrictions of ureter.
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Posterior Abdominal Wall
1. Mention the location (with reference to psoas major muscle) distribution and
segmental values of nerves lying on the posterior abdominal wall.
Perineum
1. Name the structures piercing the perineal membrane in male and female.
2. Why perineal membrane is weak in female?
3. Define perineal body. Enumerate the muscles converging into it.
4. What is pudendal nerve block? Where the block is given and what are its
benefits?
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5. Give the boundaries and contents of the ischioanal fossa.
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6. Give the boundaries of deep perineal pouch.
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7. Name the contents of deep perineal pouch.
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8. Describe the urogenital diaphragm. Also mention its functional importance.
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Boundaries and Contents of Pelvis
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Male Reproductive Organs
1. How can enlargements of prostate be examined clinically?
2. Enumerate the lobes of prostate.
3. Give various routes of metastasis in malignancy of prostate.
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5. Give the embryological origin, arterial supply, venous drainage and nerve
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supply of anal canal above and below the pectinate line.
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6. Give reason for internal hemorrhoids being painless.
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Walls of Pelvis rs e
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1. Give the course and relations of the internal iliac artery.
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2. Explain the location, afferents and efferents of major groups of lymph nodes of
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pelvis.
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