DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

LAOAG CITY
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN

WORLD

CHAPTER 1: NATURE OF
MATHEMATICS
JOANE LLAPITAN BALLAD
Instructor-In-Charge
 01 03
Meaning and
Definitions of Fibonacci Sequence
Mathematics
Table of
contents 02 04
Patterns, Numbers in Practical Exercise
Nature and the
World
 Learning objectives
● At the end of this unit, you should be able to:

○ identify patterns in nature and regularities in the world;

○ articulate the Importance of mathematics in one's life;

○ argue about the nature of mathematics, what Is it, how it is

expressed, represented and used;

○ express appreciation for mathematics as a human endeavor.

 01
Meanings and
Definitions of
Mathematics
 Meanings and Definitions of Mathematics

● Mathematics is a systematized, organized and exact branch of science.

● Mathematic deals with quantitative facts, relationships as well as
with problems involving space and form.
● It is a logical study of shape, arrangement and quantity.
● Mathematics is not to be considered only as 'number work' (or)
'computation', but it is more about forming generalizations, seeing
relationships and developing logical thinking & reasoning.
 Meanings and Definitions of Mathematics

● Mathematics should be shown as a way of thinking, an art (or) form of

beauty and as human achievement.
● The National Policy on Education (1986) states, Mathematics should be
visualized as the vehicle to train a child to think, reason, analyses
and to articulate logically."
● Math is all around us, in everything we do
● Math is the building block for everything in our daily lives, including
mobile devices, architecture (ancient and modern), art, money,
engineering, and even sports.
Look at your surroundings,
where can you find
mathematics?
 Where is mathematics?

● Many patterns and occurrences exists in

nature, in our world, in our life.
Mathematics helps make sense of these
patterns and occurrences.
Examples
 What role does
mathematics play in
our world?
 What role does mathematics play in our world?

● Mathematics helps organize patterns regularities in our world and

regularities in our world.
● Mathematics helps predict the behavior of nature and phenomena
in the world.
● Mathematics helps control nature and occurrences in the world for
our own ends.
● Mathematics has numerous applications in the world making it
indispensable.
 Mathematics in the Modern World

● Is about mathematics as a system of knowing or understanding our

surroundings
● Deals with nature of mathematics, appreciation of its practical,
intellectual, and aesthetic dimensions, and application of
mathematical tools in daily life.
 02
Patterns,
Numbers in
Nature and the
World
 Activity!
Examine the pattern below, determine what comes next!
 Activity!
Examine the pattern below, determine what comes next!
 Patterns, Numbers in Nature and the World

● Mathematics is all about numbers. It involves the study of different patterns.

There are different types of patterns, such as number patterns, image patterns,
logic patterns, word patterns etc. Number patterns are very common in
Mathematics.
● In Mathematics, a pattern is a repeated arrangement of numbers, shapes,
colours and so on. The Pattern can be related to any type of event or object. If
the set of numbers are related to each other in a specific rule, then the rule or
manner is called a pattern. Sometimes, patterns are also known as a sequence.
Patterns are finite or infinite in numbers.
 Examples
● Numerical patters

○ Even numbers pattern -: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, …

○ Odd numbers pattern -: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, …

○ Fibonacci numbers pattern -: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 ,13, 21, …

and so on.
 Number Patterns
● A list of numbers that follow a certain sequence is known as
patterns or number patterns. The different types of number
patterns are algebraic or arithmetic pattern, geometric pattern,
Fibonacci pattern and so on. Now, let us take a look at the three
different patterns here.

1. Arithmetic
2. Geometric
3. Fibonacci
 Arithmetic Pattern
● The arithmetic pattern is also known as the algebraic pattern. In an arithmetic
pattern, the sequences are based on the addition or subtraction of the terms. If two
or more terms in the sequence are given, we can use addition or subtraction to find
the arithmetic pattern.

Example: Find the missing numbers

For example, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, __, 14, __.

HOW DID YOU ARRIVED WITH THE ANSWER?

● Here, we can use the addition process to figure out the missing terms in the
patterns.
● In the pattern, the rule used is “Add 2 to the previous term to get the next term”.
● In the example given above, take the second term (4). If we add “2” to the second
term (4), we get the third term 6. 
● Similarly, we can find the unknown terms in the sequence.
● First missing term: The previous term is 10. Therefore, 10+2 = 12.
● Second missing term: The previous term is 14. So, 14+2 = 16
● Hence, the complete arithmetic pattern is 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16.
 Arithmetic pattern

1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36,

71, 65, 59, 53, 47,
4, 0, -4, -8, -12
 Another example/s!
● Determine the value of A and B in the following pattern.
15, 22, 29, 36, 43, A, 57, 64, 71, 78, 85, B.

● Determine the value of P and Q in the following pattern.

85, 79, 73, 67, 61, 55, 49, 43, P, 31, 25, Q.
 Geometric Pattern
● The geometric pattern is defined as the sequence of numbers that are
based on the multiplication and division operation. Similar to the
arithmetic pattern, if two or more numbers in the sequence are provided,
we can easily find the unknown terms in the pattern using multiplication
and division operation. 

For example,

8, 16, 32, __, 128, __. 

How did you arrived at your answer?

● It is a geometric pattern, as each term in the sequence can be obtained by
multiplying 2 with the previous term.
● For example, 32 is the third term in the sequence, which is obtained by multiplying
2 with the previous term 16.
● Likewise, we can find the unknown terms in the geometric pattern.
● First missing term: The previous term is 32. Multiply 32 by 2, we get 64.
● Second missing term: The previous term is 128. Multiply 128 by 2, we get 256.
● Hence, the complete geometric pattern is  8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256.
 Another example
Find the missing value in the geometric pattern:

120, 60, __, 15, __.

3, 9, 27, ___, 243 ____
2, -4, 8, -16, ___
 Fibonacci Sequence
● In 1202, Leonardo Fibonacci introduced the Fibonacci number sequence. It turns out that simple
equations involving the Fibonacci numbers can describe most of the complex spiral growth
patterns found in nature.
 Fibonacci Sequence
● In 1202, Leonardo Fibonacci introduced the Fibonacci number sequence. It turns out that simple
equations involving the Fibonacci numbers can describe most of the complex spiral growth
patterns found in nature.
Fibonacci Sequence Formula
Fibonacci Sequence Formula
 Rules for Patterns in Math

● To construct a pattern, we have to know about some rules. To know

about the rule for any pattern, we have to understand the nature of
the sequence and the difference between the two successive terms.
● Finding Missing Term: Consider a pattern 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ?. In this
pattern, it is clear that every number is the square of their
position number. The missing term takes place at n = 6. So, if the
missing is xn, then xn = n2. Here, n = 6, then xn = (6)2 = 36.
 Rules for Patterns in Math

● Difference Rule: Sometimes, it is easy to find the difference

between two successive terms. For example, consider 1, 5, 9,
13,……. In this type of pattern, first, we have to find the difference
between two pairs of the sequence. After that, find the remaining
elements of the pattern. In the given problem, the difference
between the terms is 4, i.e.if we add 4 and 1, we get 5, and if we
add 4 and 5, we get 9 and
 Types of Patterns

● Repeating – A type of pattern, in which the rule keeps

repeating over and over is called a repeating pattern.
 Types of Patterns

● Growing – If the numbers are present in the increasing

form, then the pattern is known as a growing pattern.
Example 34, 40, 46, 52, …..
● Shirking – In the shirking pattern, the numbers are in
decreasing form. Example: 42, 40, 38, 36 …..
 Task 1
Connecting Mathematics in Nature
● Essay. Answer the following questions in your own words. Substantiate each
question in 10-15 sentences. Answers must be encoded. Use Medium bond paper,
Arial, 12. Submission of your task will be posted in our group chat.

○ What are the importance of mathematics in the modern world?

○ What is the role of Mathematics in the modern world?

○ Based on the lecture we have. How do you see mathematics as a subject?

 Task 2
Use separate sheet of paper. Answers should be handwritten, used medium bond paper. Write your name (surname
first then your given name) and section in the upper left corner of your paper.
● Determine what comes next in the given pattern.

○ A, C, E, G, I, ____

○ 15 10 14 10 13 10 ____

○ 3 6 12 24 48 96 _______

○ 27 30 33 36 39 _______

○ 41 39 37 35 33 _______
● Starting with the first Fibonacci number, Fib(1) = 2 and the second Fibonacci Number, Fib(2)=3. solve the
following Fib number below.

○ Find Fib (8)

THANK YOU !!