Test procedure

Prepare test format and prepare test equipment.

1- Multimeter 2-Test block
3- 4 Core cable 2 nos. 5meter each 4- Clamp meter 1 nos (Ammeter)
5- 415v ac supply, and 240v ac supply 5- Insulation Tester 5kv
6- Tools
Name plate details ( Note down to rest format)
Insulation check
1-make sure that both winding are cleared from earth before test.
2-Test between Hv winding and earth
3-Test between Lv winding and earth
4-Test between Hv winding and Lv winding
Using 5Kv D/C Insulation Tester.

ARB
Insulation Test 5kv:

Power Transformer
Hv Side Lv Side

Bacaan 100 M,ohms keatas

ARB
Insulation Test 5kv:

Hv side insulation Hv side insulation

Rp – E = Rs – E =

Yp – E = Ys – E =
Bp – E = Bs – E =

N–E=
Rp – Rs =

Yp – Ys =
Bp – Bs =

Bacaan 100 M,ohms keatas

ARB
Ratio Check
At the rated actual tap, apply 415v at R,Y,B on Hv winding and measure voltage on
Lv winding. Take a reading and compare with calculated ratio given.
Formula:
Apply voltage
(a) x Lv rated voltage = Secondary voltage
Hv rated voltage

Apply voltage
(b) = Secondary voltage
Ratio rated

How to calculate rated ratio

Primary voltage at rated tap

(c) Rated ratio
Secondary voltage at rated tap

ARB
 Ratio check:
Connection to test equipment.
Power Transformer
Hv Side Lv Side

R
Y
B
N

MCCB

R Y B N r y b Test Block

ARB
Ratio check:
Measure voltage at Hv side between: Measure voltage at Lv side between:

R-Y = 410 r-y = 8.94

Y-B = y-b =

B-R = b-r =
R-N = r-n =
Y-N = y-n =

B-N = b-n =

Mencari nilai secondary voltage

Apply voltage
X Lv rated voltage = Secondary voltage
Hv rated voltage

410v A/C
X 240v A/C = 8.94v A/C
Hv 11000 v A/C
ARB
Ratio check:
Measure voltage at Hv side between: Measure voltage at Lv side between:

R-Y = 410 r-y = 8.94

Y-B = y-b =

B-R = b-r =
R-N = r-n =
Y-N = y-n =

B-N = b-n =

Mencari nilai ratio: Mencari nilai secondary voltage:

Primary voltage Apply voltage

= rated ratio = Secondary voltage
Secondary voltage Rated ratio

11000 v A/C 240 v A/C 11000 v A/C

= 45.83 = 8.94 v = 240 v sec
240 v A/C 45.83 45.83
ARB
Ratio check format:

Primary voltage (Volts) Secondary measure voltage (Volts)

A-B 426 Tap a - b b-c c-a a-n b-n c-n
B-C 426 1 132.1 132.5 132.5 76.4 76.5 76.1
C-A 424 2 135.1 134.9 134.8 79.3 78.3 78.0

3 138.4 138.2 138.0 80.1 80.1 79.8

4 141.8 141.5 141.2 82.1 82.1 81.7

5 145.2 145.0 144.9 84.1 84.3 83.8

6 149.2 148.9 149.6 86.5 86.4 86.0

7 153.1 152.9 152.7 88.8 88.9 88.3

132.1 v
= 76.27 v nilai voltan fasa (a – n )
1.732
ARB
 VECTOR GROUP CHECK:
Connection to test equipment.
Power Transformer
Hv Side Lv Side

R
Y
B
N

6mm cable
MCCB
LOOP

R Y B N r y b Test Block

ARB
VECTOR GROUP CHECK FORMAT:

A-B B-C C-A A-a A-b A-c A-n B-a B-b B-c B-n

420 421 418 - 140 139.6 81.1 421 306.1 306.4 339.1
C-a C-b C-c C-n a-b b-c c-a a-n b-n c-n

418 441 305.0 384.0 139.7 139.7 139.7 81.1 81.1 80.7
Vector Group Diagram A
a
Scale 1cm= 43v 3.5cm 3.5cm x 43v = 150v
3.5cm n b

9.8cm c

Contoh pengiraan 10 x 43 = 430v

10cm

C 9.8cm B
ARB
 VECTOR GROUP Dyn11:
n
Jam 11 A1 a2

A1
B1 b2
0
60

C1 c2

Dyn11 Rajah 1

0 0 12
60 11 1
60
10 2
C1 B1 0
90 9 3
Dyn11
8 4
7 5
Sudut fasa jam 11 6
ARB
D)Lilitan pertama disambungkan secara delta, yn)Lilitan kedua disambungkan star
 VECTOR GROUP Dyn1:
Jam 1 n
A1 a2

A1
B1 b2
0
60

C1 c2

Dyn11 Rajah 2

0 0 12
60 11 1
60
10 2
0 C1 B1
90
9 3
Dyn1
8 4
7 5
Sudut fasa jam 1 6
ARB
D)Lilitan pertama disambungkan secara delta, yn)Lilitan kedua disambungkan star
 Impedence Test ( Positive Sequence):

Power Transformer
Hv Side Lv Side

Y Loop cable 6mm

ARB
Impedance Test ( Positive Sequence):

U (v) I (A) Cal,Impedance U Rated I Rated Impedance Rated Tap

A-B=415 A=180 15.72% 11000 750 11.58% 7

B-C=415 A=180 15.72% 11000 750 11.58% 7
C-A=415 A=180 15.72% 11000 750 11.58% 7
Fomula:-
U I Rated
Culcalate impedance = x X 100
U Rated I

415 750
15.72% = x X 100
11000 180
15.72%
-11.58%
4.14 % perbizaan peratus

Galangan semasa berlakunya arus kerosakan pada transformer ARB

Impedance Test ( Negative Sequence / Zero Sequence):

Power Transformer
Hv Side Lv Side

L
Open circuit

Fomula:- V / I 240v
= 3.69 Impedance
65A
Galangan semasa berlakunya arus kerosakkan pada transformer ARB
Secondary injection of winding temperature meter:-

1-Iniection value depend of that meter rating / CT’s rating

2-Comfirm the rated of that temperature meter
3-Refer to schematic diagram for injection terminal
4-Isolate from winding CT’s
5-Inject current separately to checking the circuit for Hv wing, temp, Meter and Lv
wing,Meter.
6-With a correct circuit, Series a connection between Hv Meter and Lv meter then
inject again.
7-Calibrate an ammeter and read the temperature indicating meter for every 5
minits
8-After 45 minutes and above the temp, indi,meter may not increase (saturate) the
test will be stop.

ARB
Secondary injection of winding temperature meter:-

Ct’c 1
Temperature Hv

Winding temperature indication

Temperature Lv
Ct’c 2

Secondary tset set (inject in current)

ARB
 Temperature Control Circuit For Cost Resin Transformer (ABB)

TS-01
L N 5 6 7 8 11 12 14 21 22 24 31 32 34 41 42 44

On Temp,Alarm Trip coil

Curcuit Breaker

L N
Cast Resing
PTC Alarm Warning
Transformer

PTC Trip
ARB
 Transfomer Differential Relay,Operation and Stability Test
(Transformer Protection)
Primary test set

Loading Power Transformer

off unit off
Hv Side 33kv Lv Side 11kv

VCB VCB
Terminal block Terminal block
E

Differential
Relay

Figure 1 ARB
Transfomer Differential Relay,Operation and Stability Test

Prepare test format / prepare test equipment and tool.

1-Four core cable or primary lead for injection
2-Primary lead for shorting
3-36/100Amps. MCCB for protection
4-Ammeter / current clampmeter for measurement
5-415 volts A/C sources
6-Primary test set
Prepare the necessary drawing of the power transformer protection.
Check all termination point internal / external and terminal block is tighten
Check the relay setting
Operation check from Hv side
Connect the primary test set to red phase ( Current Transformer) on the Hv side.
Inject primary current to the CT for about 10% of rated current
With refer to a drawing and the schamatic diagram, measure current at the
terminal block which is for. 1) Hv Secondary Current 2) Lv Secondary Current 3)
Hv Relay point 4) Lv Relay point 5) Relay operation point
This will read a current at relay operating point, by means the Differential
is operate Repeat test procedure for the other phase (yellow & blue ) ARB
 Transfomer Differential Relay,Operation and Stability Test

Premary test:- Secondary test:-

Hv side insulation 10% Lv side insulation 10%

Phase 200 amp Phase 0.1 amp

R 200 amp R 0.1 amp
Y 200 amp Y 0.1 amp
B 200 amp B 0.1 amp

HV 33kv Cts Ratio 2000/1A LV 11kv Cts Ratio 1500/1A

2000 x 10% =200 1500 x 10% =150
200 150
X 1 = 0.1amp X 1 = 0.1amp
2000 1500

ARB
 Operation check from Lv side:-
(Transformer Protection)
Primary test set

Power Transformer Loading

off unit off
Hv Side 33kv Lv Side 11kv

VCB VCB
Terminal block Terminal block
E

Differential
Relay

Figure 2 ARB
Operation check from Lv side:-

Operation check from Lv side

Connect the primary test set to red phase ( Current Transformer) on the Lv
side. Inject primary current to the CT for about 10% of rated current
With refer to a drawing and the schamatic diagram, measure current
at the terminal block which is for. 1) Hv Secondary Current 2) Lv Secondary
Current 3) Hv Relay point 4) Lv Relay point 5) Relay operation point
This will read a current at relay operating point, by
means the Differential is operate Repeat test procedure for the other phase
(yellow & blue )

ARB
Operation check from Lv side:-

Premary test:- Secondary test:-

Hv side insulation 10% Lv side insulation 10%

Phase 150 amp Phase 0.1 amp

R 150 amp R 0.1 amp
Y 150 amp Y 0.1 amp
B 150 amp B 0.1 amp

HV 33kv Cts Ratio 2000/1A LV 11kv Cts Ratio 1500/1A

2000 x 10% =200 1500 x 10% =150
200 150
X 1 = 0.1amp X 1 = 0.1amp
2000 1500

ARB
Out zone fault:- (Transformer Protection)

Power Transformer short

off off
Hv Side Lv Side

VCB VCB
Terminal block
E

Differential
MCCB 100A
Relay

Figure 3

Supply 415v A/C

ARB
Out zone fault:-
a)Inject the 415v A/C supply to Hv winding via a 100A MCCB at the Hv busbar side
at Cts, and short at busbar site on the Lv swicthgear after CT.
b)“ON” the MCCB with using a correct ammeter / clampmeter the primary
current on the Hv side and Lv side.
c)Measure secondary current at a terminal block (from current
transfomer) on the Hv and Lv side
Differential protection circuit is in correct / good condition or this circuit are actual
proper should get no current ( 0 amp ) though the relay operating coil ( Stable
Condition ).
Switch ‘of’ the MCCB refer to a drawing and check the scheme properly.
Find a trouble shooting and repeat the test.

ARB
In zone fault:- (Transformer Protection)

Power Transformer short

off off
Hv Side Lv Side

VCB VCB
Terminal block
E

Differential
MCCB 100A
Relay

Figure 4

Supply 415v A/C

ARB
In zone fault:-
‘On’ the MCCB with using a correct ammeter / clampmeter, measure the the primary
current (R,Y,B) on the Hv side and Lv side. a)Measure
secondary current at a terminal block (from current transformer) on the Hv and Lv
side this is a result for Hv&Lv secondary current (refer test format).
b)Measure current at differential relay terminal, Hv terminal point and Lv terminal
point. This is a result for Hv relay secondary current and Lv relay secondary current
Refer test format.
c)Measure current at rellay star point / relay operating coil.This is result for rellay
operation ,refer test format.
d)If the differential protection circuit is in correct / good condition or this circuit are
actual proper so we suppose to get a currentreading at the relay operation coil equal
to Hv relay current.
e)This is the unstable condition relay operate.
If not, Switch ‘of’ MCB, refer to a drawing and check the scheme properly.
Find a trouble shooting and repeat the test.
Then do the stability test again, if you touch / alter the wiring.

ARB
(Transformer Protection)
Power Transformer 15000KVA
33kv 11kv
Hv Side Lv Side

400/5A 1000/5A

Operation coil
4
E
Suppression coil
87T
1 2

Diffrential relay
ARB
(Transformer Protection)
rated current of transformer

33Kv
input primary current
400/5
1 15000KVA
87R Ip= x =262.432A
4 2 3 x 33 KV

1
87S
4 2 input secondary current

1
87T 15000KVA
2 Is= x =787.296A
4
3 x 11 KV

11Kv
1000/5
(Transformer Protection)
By ‘ Y ‘ Conection
33Kv
Relay input primary current
400/5
1 15000KVA 5
87R Irp= x =3.28A
4 2 3 x 33 KV 400

1
87S
4 2 Relay input secondary current

1
87T 15000KVA 5
2 Irs= x =3.936A
4
3 x 11 KV 1000

11Kv
1000/5
(Transformer Protection)
By ‘ ‘ Conection
33Kv
Relay input primary current
400/5
1 15000KVA 5 3
87R Irp= x =5.682A
4 2 3 x 33 KV 400

1
87S
4 2 Relay input secondary current

1 15000KVA 5 3
87T
2 Irs= x =6.818A
4 3 x 11 KV 1000

11Kv
1000/5
(Transformer Protection)
By ‘ Y-Y ‘ Conection
33Kv
Relay input current ratio
400/5
1 3.28A
87R nr= = 0.481
4 2 6.818A

1
87S
4 2

1
87T
2
4

11Kv
1000/5
 HV REF OPERATION CHHECK PROCEDURE

P2 P1 Power Transformer
S2 S2
R
Y
B

Bypass

R Y B N

P1
S1
HV REF RELAY
NCT
ICT
S2
P2

Primary test set Diagram 1 Ground

 HV REF OPERATION CHHECK PROCEDURE

1- Check the as per circuit diagram

2- Inject between red phase and neutral (R – N)
3- Bypass the power transformer with direct short circuit from red to neutral
4- Inject a primary current approximately at 10% of a rated current
5- Measure secondary current at relay terminal R,Y,B,N and NCT . In this
case we will have a reading on R – N and NCT.
6- Check current at relay terminal operated coil it shout be no current
here. Relay would not be operated.
7- Repeat the test procedure for Y-N and B-N.

At Diagram 1
 HV REF OPERATION CHHECK PROCEDURE

P2 P1 Primary Test
Power Transformer
S2 S2 Set
R
Y
B

R Y B N

P1
S1
HV REF RELAY
NCT
ICT
S2
P2

Diagram 2 Ground
 HV REF OPERATION CHHECK PROCEDURE

1- Check the wiring as per procedure circuit diagram. Ensure that all the terminal
point are in circuit
2- Connect the test equipment as above.
3- Inject red phase current transformer, about 10% of a rated current
4- Measure secondary current at R,Y,B,N terminal. Then take a reading. Also
check a secondary current at Neutral CT terminal input.
5- Bypass a sliding resistor, check an operated current through relay coil. We
should have a current reading I,c REF relay is operated.
6- Repeat the test procedure for yellow, blue and neutral CT.

At Diagram 2
 HV REF DIAGRAM 33KV / 11KV
(Transformer Protection)
Mains Bus bar

Hv 33Kv Hv 11Kv
1259A VCB
P1 P2

1000/5A
CL X
P1 Vkp:125v
REF
MCAG14 Rct:0.44

P2
P1 1000/1A
SBEF MCGG14
CL 5P10
P2 15VA
HV REF OPERATION CHHECK PROCEDURE
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf

1- Langkah keselamatan semasa menjalankan pengujian.

‘off’ kan VCB dan tarik keluar, lakukan pada kedua-dua arah, iaitu untuk kedua-
dua pencawang tersebut.
2- Kunci shutter bus-bar untuk zun 1 dan zon 2
3- Buat ujian IR TEST 1Kv atau 5Kv pada kabel pilot seperti gambar
dibawah.
Zon 1 Zon 2
T1 T1

T2 T2

E – T1 = 7G, ohm
pintaskan
B E – T2 = 7G, ohm
A T1 – T2 = 3G, ohm

a)Langkah ujian dilakukan antara T1 - E, dan T2 – E, di sebelah zon 1,

b)Langkah ujian dilakukan antara T1 dan T2 di sebelah zon 1, manakala pada zon
2 T1 dan T2 di-pintaskan.
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf

Menguji kabel pilot dengan multimeter untuk mendapat nilai loopping resistence
Lihat gambar rajah di-bawah
Nilai rintangan antara T1 dan T2 hasil ujian mendapati 12.8 ohm.

Zon 1 Zon 2
T1 T1

T2 T2

PANDDING RESISTENCE
pintaskan
35 65 130 260 500 Test Plug
A
out -

In +
Operating Coil
Current mA
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf
Solkor Primary Test Certificate

Make: reyrolle Type:solkor Rf Rated current: 1A Trip coil voltage: 110v D/C
Indication type:Flag Wiring insulation test:__________Cts Ratio:600/1A
X
VA:______ Class:________ Meggar: 5 Kv
1- Insulation Pilot Cable:
Phasse Meggar ohms Loop Resistence Ohms Setting Ohms
T1 7G

T2 7G 12.8 990

T1 – T2 3G

Formula: PANDDING RESISTENCE

12.8 - 2000
=993.6
2
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf
Cara pengiraan Panding Resistance seperti berikut
nilai rintangan pilot 12.8 ohm

Formula:-
(SV – RP) SV= Standard Value From Table 2
2T RP= Pilot Loop Resistence
T = Isolating Transformer Tap
12.8 - 2000
=993.6
2

Pandding resistence perlu di-campur 35+65+130+260+500 = 990 nilai yang paling

hampir dengan 993.6
Dengan ini pandding plug perlu di-masuk pada tempat (IN) sebelum kerja-kerja
secondary tset di-jalankan
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf

PANDDING RESISTENCE Remove

35 65 130 260 500 Test Plug Link
out -

In +
Operating Coil
Current mA

Plug pada (IN) D/C mA

Remove link di-ambil keluar dan di-masukkan dua punca uji pada (+) dan (-) yang
di-sambung pada multimeter untuk ukuran D/C mA
Untuk persediaan menjalankan ujian secondary & primary.
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf
Secondary test at relay solkor RF

/1A
/5A
/1A
/5A
/5A /1A
Bacaan D/C mA

Relay Solkor RF
R Y B
Buat ujian fasa merah,kuning,biru.
Arus inject 10% dari nilai CTs 600/1A ( 0.1A)
Bacaan A/C Amp
Secondart test set
Semasa membuat ujian secondary pilot kabel sentiasa ada sambungan antara zon
1 dan zon 2. Relay zon 1 trip awal kemudian naikkan arus 0.25A atau 2.5 dari ratio
CTs 10% barulah Relay zon 2 trip. Bacaan perlu di-ambil pada relay zon1&zon2.
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf
Secondary zon 1 & zon 2 Test Certificate

Secondary Injection without pilot cable:-

Injection Phase R-N Y-N B-N R-Y Y-B B-R
Operation current ( A/C amp)
Relay D/C current (D/C mA)

Secondary Injection with pilot cable:- (Zon 1 & Zon 2)

Injection Phase R-N Y-N B-N R-Y Y-B B-R

Operation current ( A/C amp) 0.25 0.32 0.45 1.46 1.41 0.70
Pilot current (D/C mA) 6.97 7.00 7.23 6.78 7.02 6.91
Relay D/C current (D/C mA) 12.44 12.10 12.37 12.94 12.94 12.12

Bacaan semasa ujian hendaklah di-ambil untuk zon 1 & zon 2

Biasa-nya terdapat perbizaan iaitu lebih sedikit.
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf
Guna verble transformer 25kva 3fasa
Primary test at relay solkor RF Primary test
CTs 600/1A class X A/C 200Amp
R

B
Zon 1 Clammeter 20A A/C Zon 2

7 Stable
10 9 8 12
Solkor Rf Solkor Rf
5

Remove link Remove link

Unstable
mA D/C mA (300mA mA D/C mA (300mA)
SATABILITY PILOT CABLE TEST (FEDEER PROTECTION)Relay Solkor Rf

Solkor Primary Test Certificate

Primary injection (Stability Test)

Stable Unstable
Injection Phase R-N Y-N B-N R-Y Y-B B-R
Stability status Stable Stable Stable Unstable Unstable Unstable
Primary current (A)
Secondary current ( A/C mA)
Pilot current (A/C mA)
Relay D/C current (D/C mA)

Trip test:- Zon 1= ok Zon 2= ok