LAB:MOLECULES OF LIFE

INDIVIDUAL JOTTER AND GROUP RESULTS

GROUP: FOXTROT

MUHAMMAD AIMAN ZAMANI BIN MOHAMAD ZAMRI (D20182085759)

ALESSANDRA TALA ANAK TEGONG (D20182085032)
NUR EMIRA BINTI AHMAD SAMSURI (D20182085765)
NUR ARNI AFRINA BINTI MOHD HANAFI (D20182085764)
MOHD NUR HAZRAN BIN SANI (D20182085033)
MUHAMMAD AFIQ IKHMAL BIN MOHD ZULKAPLY (D20182085757)
LAB RESULTS

A. Protein Test

1. Biuret Test
Hypothesis: Positive result for Biuret test is change in colour in Biuret reagent from blue to purple if
protein is present
Result:
Sample D Sample E Sample G Sample H Glycine Negative
Control
Colour change Colour change Colour change Colour change Colour remain Colour remain
from blue to from blue to from blue to from blue to blue blue
purple purple purple purple

After

Before

Explanation:
From our observation protein present in sample D, sample E, sample G and sample G. This is
because the Biuret reagent colour change from blue colour to purple colur. For the sample of glycine
it shows the negative result because glycine is the amino acid which is the monomer for protein that
does not contain any peptide bond. Biuret reagent changing colour from blue colour to purple colour
if peptide bond present in the food sample.
 2. Millon Test
Hypothesis: Positive result for Millon test is when there is brick red precipitate form if protein is
present.
Result:
Sample D Sample E Sample G Sample H Glycine Negative
Control
Brick red Brick red Brick red Brick red No precipitate No precipitate
precipitate precipitate precipitate precipitate form form
form form form form

Explanation:
From our observation protein present in sample D, sample E, sample G and sample G. This is
because the Millon reagent form brick precipitate inside the food sample. For the sample of glycine it
shows the negative result because glycine is the amino acid which is the monomer for protein that
does not contain any peptide bond. Millon reagent form brick red precipitate if peptide bond and
soluble protein present in the food sample.

B. Carbohydrate test

1. Mollisch test
Hypothesis: Positive result for Mollisch test is when there is purple reddish ring form if carbohydrate
is present.
Result:
Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 Negative
Control
Purple Purple Purple Purple Purple Purple Purple No ring
reddish ring reddish ring reddish ring reddish ring reddish ring reddish reddish ring form
form in the form in the form in the form in the form in the ring form in in the
middle layer middle layer middle layer middle layer middle layer the middle middle layer
of solution. of solution. of solution. of solution. of solution. layer of of solution.
solution.

After
Explanation:
From our observation carbohydrate present in all of the food sample given. This is because the
Mollisch reagent form purple reddish ring inside the solution. Mollisch reagent can form the purple
reddish ring in the middle layer of the solution if all carbohydrates which is monossacharide,
disaccharide and polysaccharide present in the solution. Nucleic acid and glycoprotein also can give a
positive result. This is because all of these compounds are eventually hydrolyzed to monosaccharides
by strong mineral acids.

2. Barfoed test
Hypothesis: Positive result for Barfoed test is the barfoed reagent will form brick red precipitate if
carbohydrate is present.
Result:
Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 Negative
Control
Brick red Brick red Brick red No No Brick red No
precipitate precipitate precipitate precipitate precipitate precipitate precipitate
form form form form form form form
 Before
Explanation:
From our observation carbohydrate present in sample 5, sample 6, sample 7 and sample 10. For the
sample 8 and sample 9 the result is negative. This is because, Barfoed reagent is a reagent that being
used to detect monosaccharide. This doesn’t show that sample 9 and sample 8 doesn’t have
carbohydrate because if we look at the Mollisch test, sample 8 and sample 9 show a positive result. It
might be that the carbohydrate in sample 9 and sample 8 is not in monosaccharide form but maybe in
disaccharide form or polysaccharide form.

Benedict test
Hypothesis: Positive result for Benedict test is the Benedict reagent will change colour from blue
colour to green, orange or brick red if carbohydrate present depending on the amount of
carbohydrate/sugar concentration.
Result:
Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 Negative
Control
Colour Colour Colour No colour No colour Colour No colour
change change from change from change change change change
from blue to blue to blue to brick from blue
green orange red colour to orange
colour colour colour
Explanation:
From our observation carbohydrate present in sample 5, sample 6, sample 7 and sample 10. For the
sample 8 and sample 9 the result is negative. This is because, Benedict reagent is a reagent that being
used to detect reducing sugar. All monosaccharides d certain dissacharide like maltose and lactose
are reducing sugar. This doesn’t show that sample 9 and sample 8 doesn’t have carbohydrate because
if we look at the Mollisch test, sample 8 and sample 9 show a positive result. It might be that the
carbohydrate in sample 9 and sample 8 is not in monosaccharide and dissacharide form but maybe in
polysaccharide form.

Iodine test
Hypothesis: Positive result for Iodine test is the colur will change from yellowish colour to dark blue
colour if starch present.

Result:
Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7 Sample 8 Sample 9 Sample 10 Negative
Control
No colour No colour No colour Colour Colour No colour No colour
change change change change change change change
from from
yellowish to yellowish
dark blue to dark
blue
Explanation:
From our observation starch present in sample 8 anad sample 9. For the sample 5, sample 6, sample
7 and sample 10 the result is negative. This is because, Iodine reagent is a reagent that being used to
detect starch which is polysaccharide. Thus from the Mollisch test, Barfoed test and Benedict test,
sample 5, sample 6, sample 7 and sample 10 there are in monossacharide or dissacharide form thus
all of these sample shows the negative result for iodine test.

C. Lipid Test
1. Acrolein Test
Hypothesis: Positive result for acrolein test is the present of pungent odour when the
lipid is present.
Result:
Food sample Odor
Coconut oil Pungent odor present
Palm oil Pungent odor present
Vegetable oil Pungent odor present
Planta Pungent odor present
Corn oil Pungent odor present
Negative control No pungent odor
Explanation :
Through our observation, we can conclude that the lipid are present in all food sample
exclude the negative control.
2. Sudan IV Test
Hypothesis: The positive result of Sudan IV test is change of colour in Sudan IV
reagent from black precipitate to red stain.
Result:
Food sample Color change of solution
Coconut oil Black precipitate to red stain
Palm oil Black precipitate to red stain
Vegetable oil Black precipitate to red stain
Planta Black precipitate to red stain
Corn oil Black precipitate to red stain
Negative control Black precipitate present

planta Palm oil Vegtable oil -ve control

Coconut oil Corn oil

Explanation:
Based on our observation, the lipid present in all food sample as the result show the
colour change to red stain.