CHAPTER 7 : PLANS AND ELEVATIONS

7.1 ORTHOGONAL PROJECTIONS

Plane = flat surface of an object.

There are 3 types of planes : horizontal plane, vertical plane and inclined plane.

Horizontal plane : ……………………………………

Vertical plane : …………………………………………..………

Inclined plane : ………………………………….….

NORMAL

A normal to a plane = a straight line that is perpendicular to a plane.

Match the following

Example :

The diagram on the right shows a cube.

State the normal to the following planes.

(a) PQRS : ……………………………………………………………….

(b) PSTU : ……………………………………………………………..
(c) RSTW : …………………………………………………………..
(d) QRTU : …………………………………………………………

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 Orthogonal projections (Page 171 Textbook)

Orthogonal projections =
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Determine the type of planes. Tick the correct answer.

Plane
Plane
Vertical Horizontal
ABCD
PQRS

Each of the following diagrams show the projection of an object on a vertical / horizontal plane. Determine whether
the resulting projection is an orthogonal projection.

Match the object with the correct orthogonal projection Choose the correct orthogonal projection to the plane ABCD
to the plane ABCD.

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PLAN

Draw to full scale the plan / orthogonal projection of the object on a horizontal plane.

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ELEVATIONS

Draw to full scale the elevation as seen from X and label its measurement for each solids below.

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Draw to full scale the elevation as seen from Y and label its measurement for each solids below.

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