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INTERACTIVE CHAPTER ORGANIZER

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KEY TERMS

Coefficient, p. 106
Constants, p. 105

Cross products, p. 116

Distributive rule, p. 109

Equation, p. 104

Expression, p. 104

Formula, p. 104

Knowns, p. 105

Like terms, p. 106

Proportion, p. 116

Ratio, p. 116

Unknown, p. 105

Variables, p. 104

Check Figures for Extra Practice Quizzes with Page References. (Worked-out Solutions in Appendix B.)

LU 4–1a (p. 111)

1. 1. Q/2 − 8 = 16

2. 12 (Q + 41) = 1,200

3. 7 − 2Q = 1

4. 4Q − 2 = 24

5. 3Q + 3 = 19

6. 2Q − 6 = 5

2. 1. 56

2. 50

3. 11

4. 720

5. 496

6. 12

LU 4–2a (p. 116)

1. P = $190

2. S = $49,000

3. Morse 7; Micro 56

4. Cara 120; Susie 240

 5. Meatball 72; cheese 216; Meatball = $504; cheese = $1,296

6. Meatball $504; cheese $1,296

LU 4–3a (p. 117)

1. 4 women

2. 4.5 gallons

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Critical Thinking Discussion Questions with Chapter Concept Check

1. Explain the difference between a variable and a constant. What would you consider your monthly car
payment—a variable or a constant?

2. How does the opposite process rule help solve for the variable in an equation? If a Mercedes costs 3
times as much as a Saab, how could the opposite process rule be used? The selling price of the
Mercedes is $60,000.

3. What is the difference between Word Problem Situations 5 and 6 in Learning Unit 4–2? Show why the
more expensive item in Word Problem Situation 6 is assigned to the variable first.

4. Chapter Concept Check. Based on the article in the chapter opener and all of the information you
have learned about equations in this chapter, go to a weight-loss website and create several equations
on how to lose weight. Be sure to create a word problem and specify the steps you need to take to solve
this weight-loss problem.

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Classroom Notes
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END-OF-CHAPTER PROBLEMS

www.mhhe.com/slater2014

Name Date

Check figures for odd-numbered problems in Appendix C.

DRILL PROBLEMS (First of Three Sets)

Solve the unknown from the following equations: LU 4-1(2)

4–1.C − 40 = 315
 4–2.B + 110 = 400

4–3.Q + 100 = 400

4–4.Q − 60 = 850

4–5.5y = 75

4–6.

4–7.8y = 96

4–8.

4–9.4(p − 9) = 64

4–10.4(p − 3) = 27

Solve for the unknown in the following ratios and proportions: LU 4-3(1)

4–11.

4–12.

WORD PROBLEMS (First of Three Sets)

4–13.Lee and Fred are elementary school teachers. Fred works for a charter school in Pacific Palisades,
California, where class size reduction is a goal for 2013. Lee works for a noncharter school where
funds do not allow for class size reduction policies. Lee's fifth-grade class has 1.4 times as many
students as Fred's. If there are a total of 60 students, how many students does Fred's class have? How
many students does Lee's class have? LU 4-2(2)

4–14. Today, an antique car that originally cost $3,668 in 1955 is valued at $62,125 if in
excellent condition. This is times as much as a car in very nice condition—if you can find an owner
willing to part with one for any price. What would be the value of the car in very nice condition? LU 4-
2(2)

Chapter 4 Excel

4–15.Joe Sullivan and Hugh Kee sell cars for a Ford dealer. Over the past year, they sold 300 cars. Joe
sells 5 times as many cars as Hugh. How many cars did each sell? LU 4-2(2)

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4–16. Nanda Yueh and Lane Zuriff sell homes for ERA Realty. Over the past 6 months they sold
120 homes. Nanda sold 3 times as many homes as Lane. How many homes did each sell? LU 4-2(2)

Chapter 4 Excel

4–17.Dots sells T-shirts ($2) and shorts ($4). In April, total sales were $600. People bought 4 times as
many T-shirts as shorts. How many T-shirts and shorts did Dots sell? Check your answer. LU 4-2(2)

4–18.Dots sells a total of 250 T-shirts ($2) and shorts ($4). In April, total sales were $600. How many
T-shirts and shorts did Dots sell? Check your answer. Hint: Let S = Shorts. LU 4-2(2)
 4–19.Lawns by Brawns uses 15 ounces of fertilizer for 2.5 acres. If the company is fertilizing .5 of an
acre, how much fertilizer does it need? LU 4-3(1)

4–20.Four hummingbirds drink 5.5 ounces of sugar water a day. How much sugar water is needed for
10 hummingbirds? LU 4-3(1)

DRILL PROBLEMS (Second of Three Sets)

Solve the unknown from the following equations: LU 4-1(2)

4–21.7B = 490

4–22.7(A − 5) = 63

4–23.

4–24.18(C − 3) = 162

4–25.9Y − 10 = 53

4–26.7B + 5 = 26

WORD PROBLEMS (Second of Three Sets)

4–27.On a flight from Boston to San Diego, American reduced its Internet price by $190.00. The new
sale price was $420.99. What was the original price? LU 4-2(2)

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4–28.Jill, an employee at Old Navy, budgets of her yearly salary for clothing. Jill's total clothing bill
for the year is $8,000. What is her yearly salary? LU 4-2(2)

4–29. Bill's Roast Beef sells 5 times as many sandwiches as Pete's Deli. The difference between
their sales is 360 sandwiches. How many sandwiches did each sell? LU 4-2(2)

Chapter 4 Excel

4–30.The number of discouraged unemployed workers rose to 503,000, times as many as in the
previous year. How many discouraged unemployed workers were there in the previous year? LU 4-2(2)

4–31.A local Computer City sells batteries ($3) and small boxes of pens ($5). In August, total sales
were $960. Customers bought 5 times as many batteries as boxes of pens. How many of each did
Computer City sell? Check your answer. LU 4-2(2)

4–32.Staples sells boxes of pens ($10) and rubber bands ($4). Leona ordered a total of 24 cartons for
$210. How many boxes of each did Leona order? Check your answer. Hint: Let P = Pens. LU 4-2(2)

DRILL PROBLEMS (Third of Three Sets)

Solve the unknown from the following equations: LU 4-1(2)

4–33.A + 90 − 15 = 210

4–34.5Y + 15(Y + 1) = 35

4–35.3M + 20 = 2M + 80

4–36.20(C − 50) = 19,000

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WORD PROBLEMS (Third of Three Sets)

4–37.If Colorado Springs, Colorado, has 1.2 times as many days of sunshine as Boston, Massachusetts,
how many days of sunshine does each city have if there are a total of 464 days of sunshine between the
two in a year? (Round to the nearest day.) LU 4-2(2)

4–38.At General Electric, shift 1 produced 4 times as much as shift 2. General Electric's total
production for July was 5,500 jet engines. What was the output for each shift? LU 4-2(2)

4–39.Ivy Corporation gave 84 people a bonus. If Ivy had given 2 more people bonuses, Ivy would have
rewarded of the workforce. How large is Ivy's workforce? LU 4-2(2)

4–40.Jim Murray and Phyllis Lowe received a total of $50,000 from a deceased relative's estate. They
decided to put $10,000 in a trust for their nephew and divide the remainder. Phyllis received of the
remainder; Jim received . How much did Jim and Phyllis receive? LU 4-2(2)

4–41.The first shift of GME Corporation produced times as many lanterns as the second shift. GME
produced 5,600 lanterns in November. How many lanterns did GME produce on each shift? LU 4-2(2)

4–42.Walmart sells thermometers ($2) and hot-water bottles ($6). In December, Walmart's total sales
were $1,200. Customers bought 7 times as many thermometers as hot-water bottles. How many of each
did Walmart sell? Check your answer. LU 4-2(2)

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4–43.Ace Hardware sells boxes of wrenches ($100) and hammers ($300). Howard ordered 40 boxes of
wrenches and hammers for $8,400. How many boxes of each are in the order? Check your answer. LU
4-2(2)

4–44.The Susan Hansen Group in St. George, Utah, sells $16,000,000 of single-family homes and
townhomes a year. If single-family homes, with an average selling price of $250,000, sell 3.5 times
more often than townhomes, with an average selling price of $190,000, how many of each are sold?
(Round to nearest whole.) LU 4-2(2)

4–45.Want to donate to a better cause? Consider micro-lending. Micro-lending is a process where you
lend directly to entrepreneurs in developing countries. You can lend starting at $25. Kiva.org boasts a
99% repayment rate. The average loan to an entrepreneur is $388.44 and the average loan amount is
$261.14. With a total amount loaned of $283,697,150, how many people are lending money if the
average number of loans per lender is 8? LU 4-2(2)

CHALLENGE PROBLEMS

4–46.Myron Corporation is sponsoring a walking race at its company outing. Leona Jackson and Sam
Peterson love to walk. Leona walks at the rate of 5 miles per hour. Sam walks at the rate of 6 miles per
hour. Assume they start walking from the same place and walk in a straight line. Sam starts after
Leona. Answer the questions that follow. Hint: Distance = Rate × Time. LU 4-2(2)

1. How long will it take Sam to meet Leona?

2. How many miles would each have walked?

3. Assume Leona and Sam meet in Lonetown Station where two buses leave along parallel routes
in opposite directions. The bus travelling east has a 60 mph speed. The bus traveling west has a
40 mph speed. In how many hours will the buses be 600 miles apart?

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 4–47.Bessy has 6 times as much money as Bob, but when each earns $6, Bessy will have 3 times as
much money as Bob. How much does each have before and after earning the $6? LU 4-2(2)

SUMMARY PRACTICE TEST

1. Delta reduced its round-trip ticket price from Portland to Boston by $140. The sale price was $401.90.
What was the original price? (p. 112) LU 4-2(2)

2. David Role is an employee of Google. He budgets of his salary for clothing. If David's total clothing
bill for the year is $12,000, what is his yearly salary? (p. 113) LU 4-2(2)

3. A local Best Buy sells 8 times as many iPods as Sears. The difference between their sales is 490 iPods.
How many iPods did each sell? (p. 113) LU 4-2(2)

4. Working at Staples, Jill Reese and Abby Lee sold a total of 1,200 calculators. Jill sold 5 times as many
calculators as Abby. How many did each sell? (p. 113) LU 4-2(2)

5. Target sells sets of pots ($30) and dishes ($20) at the local store. On the July 4 weekend, Target's total
sales were $2,600. People bought 6 times as many pots as dishes. How many of each did Target sell?
Check your answer. (p. 114) LU 4-2(2)

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6. A local Dominos sold a total of 1,600 small pizzas ($9) and pasta dinners ($13) during the Super Bowl.
How many of each did Dominos sell if total sales were $15,600? Check your answer. (p. 114) LU 4-
2(2)

7. A quality control group found 7 defects for every 1,250 units produced. If 8,750 units were produced,
how many defects were there? (p. 116) LU 4-3(1)

8. A local university has 6 faculty members for every 150 students. How many faculty members are
needed for 9,575 students?(p. 116) LU 4-3(1)

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SURF TO SAVE
How can you solve the world's problems?
PROBLEM 1

Ticket to ride

Your student business club has U.S. $1,000 to spend on a day trip to Toronto. You estimate U.S. $200 for gas
and tolls for the bus, and C$10 for parking at the science center. Go to the Ontario Science Center, website
(http://www.ontariosciencecentre.ca), to find the cost of admission, including the two OMNIMAX films.
Based on these costs, how many students can the business club afford to send on this trip? (Hint: Go to
http://www.oanda.com/converter/classic for exchange rates.)

Discussion Questions

1. How much money would you budget for meals and other expenses on this trip?

2. What would be some fundraiser ideas to earn more money for your club to take this trip? How much
additional revenue could you gain from these fundraisers?

PROBLEM 2
 More People, More Debt

Go to http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html to find the U.S. population. Then, go to

http://www.brillig.com/debt_clock to find the U.S. national debt. Use these data to determine the U.S.
government's debt per person. Compare this with the number quoted on the debt clock site.

Discussion Questions

1. What do you feel is fueling the growth in the U.S. population?

2. Do you think the national debt will continue to rise? Why?

PROBLEM 3

Fueling Your Travels

Go to http://www.fuelcostcalculator.com. Find the average cost of fuel for your state. If the vehicle you drive
averages 25 miles per gallon, what would it cost for you to travel 1,500 miles for your summer vacation?

Discussion Questions

1. Based on rising fuel prices, should you consider an electric or hybrid car for your next purchase? Why?

2. How would the price of driving to your destination compare to other forms of travel (i.e., air, train, bus,
etc.)? Which would be your preferred method of travel for your vacation?

PROBLEM 4

Stocking up on Gap

Go to http://finance.yahoo.com/lookup and find the current stock price for Gap, Inc. How many shares of this
stock could be purchased at the current price for $1,500.00?

Discussion Questions

1. Is Gap's stock price a value for the money? Why?

2. What are some factors that would cause Gap's stock price to increase? What factors may cause its stock
price to decrease?

MOBILE APPS

Equation Genius (Dinh Ba Thanh) Assists in solving for unknown values.

Word Problems, Math (honeHead) Solving for the unknown using over 250 questions and showing the step-
by-step approach for solving the problem.

INTERNET PROJECTS
See text website www.mhhe.com/slater2014_sse_ch04

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PERSONAL FINANCE
A KIPLINGER APPROACH
BUSINESS MATH ISSUE

Saving for your kids at an early age is not the best use of your cash.

1. List the key points of the article and information to support your position.

2. Write a group defense of your position using math calculations to support your view.