SOLID

MENSURATION
Introduction – Plane
Geometry
Engr. Michael George A. Baraquel
Introduction
Solid Mensuration deals
primarily with the various
solids.
The formulas developed in
this subject are used
extensively in railway
engineering, in road and bridge
construction, chemical and
physical analyses, and in a
large variety of commercial
and engineering projects.
Introduction
Using mensuration is necessary for engineers in any
project and understanding objects in three-
dimensional space helps engineers create models
and scenarios, and solve problems mathematically
before actually using or building any object.

As we study Solid Mensuration, we shall see how

necessary it is to have a thorough knowledge of the
mensuration of solids.
Computation Suggestions
Analyzed the problem first.
Draw an appropriate figure on which all
dimensions are shown.
Write down all formulas by means of
which the unknown quantities are to be
found.
Be sure that your work is arranged so that
it can be followed at any time by yourself
or another person.
Computation Suggestions
LOGARITHMS
This table is unique in that it includes
special tables of proportional parts
together with tabular differences.
The simplicity of operation resulting from
these features permits both greater speed
and greater accuracy
Computation Suggestions
LOGARITHMS
Computation Suggestions
SLIDE RULE
The use of a slide rule in connection with a course
in Solid Mensuration, besides showing the power
and limitations of the instrument, enlivens the
course considerably.
It interests the student to find, after spending
considerable time in the computation of a
problem, that he can use his slide rule to obtain a
result usually accurate to three figures.
Computation Suggestions
SLIDE RULE
Computation Suggestions
TRIGONOMETRY
As the name might suggest, is all
about triangles. More specifically,
trigonometry is about right-angled
triangles, where one of the internal
angles is 90°.
It is a system that helps us to work
out missing or unknown side lengths
or angles in a triangle.
Computation Suggestions
TRIGONOMETRY
Definition of Terms
Altitude of a Triangle – It is a line perpendicular from any
vertex to the side opposite, produced if necessary.
Angle – It is the opening between two straight lines drawn
from the same point.
Apothem – the apothem of a polygon is the radius of its
inscribed circle.
Area –It is the number which expresses the ratio between its
surface and the surface of the unit square.
Center of Polygon – It is the common center of its inscribed
and circumscribed circles.
Definition of Terms
Altitude of a Triangle – It is a line perpendicular from any
vertex to the side opposite, produced if necessary.
Angle – It is the opening between two straight lines drawn
from the same point.
Apothem – the apothem of a polygon is the radius of its
inscribed circle.
Area –It is the number which expresses the ratio between its
surface and the surface of the unit square.
Center of Polygon – It is the common center of its inscribed
and circumscribed circles.
Definition of Terms
Circle – It is a closed plane curve every point of which is
equally distant from a point in the plane of the curve
Complementary Angles – Two angles are called
complementary when their sum is equal to a right angle
Concurrent Lines – Three or more lines which have one point
in common are said to be concurrent
Diagonal – It is a line joining any two nonconsecutive
vertices.
Hypotenuse – The hypotenuse of a right triangle is the side
opposite the right angle.
Definition of Terms
Circle – It is a closed plane curve every point of which is
equally distant from a point in the plane of the curve
Complementary Angles – Two angles are called
complementary when their sum is equal to a right angle
Concurrent Lines – Three or more lines which have one point
in common are said to be concurrent
Diagonal – It is a line joining any two nonconsecutive
vertices.
Hypotenuse – The hypotenuse of a right triangle is the side
opposite the right angle.
Definition of Terms
Isosceles Triangle – It is a triangle which has two equal sides
Locus – It is a figure containing all the points, and only those
points, which fulfill a given requirement.
Parallel Lines – These are lines that lie in the same plane and
do not meet however far they are produced.
Parallelogram – It is a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are
parallel.
Perpendicular – If one straight line cuts another so as to
make any two adjacent angles equal, each line is
perpendicular to the other.
Definition of Terms
Isosceles Triangle – It is a triangle which has two equal sides
Locus – It is a figure containing all the points, and only those
points, which fulfill a given requirement.
Parallel Lines – These are lines that lie in the same plane and
do not meet however far they are produced.
Parallelogram – It is a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are
parallel.
Perpendicular – If one straight line cuts another so as to
make any two adjacent angles equal, each line is
perpendicular to the other.
Definition of Terms
Quadrilateral – It is a portion of a plane bounded by four
straight lines.
Rectangle – It is a parallelogram whose angles are right angles
Regular Polygon – It is a polygon that all of whose angles are
equal and all of whose sides are equal.
Similar Polygons – Two polygons are similar if their
corresponding angles are equal and their corresponding side
are proportional.
Supplementary Angles – One angles is the supplement of
another if their sum is equal to two right angles or 180 degrees
Definition of Terms
Quadrilateral – It is a portion of a plane bounded by four
straight lines.
Rectangle – It is a parallelogram whose angles are right angles
Regular Polygon – It is a polygon that all of whose angles are
equal and all of whose sides are equal.
Similar Polygons – Two polygons are similar if their
corresponding angles are equal and their corresponding side
are proportional.
Supplementary Angles – One angles is the supplement of
another if their sum is equal to two right angles or 180 degrees
Definition of Terms
Tangent – It is a straight line which, however far it may be
produced, has only one point in common with the circle.
Trapezoid – It is a quadrilateral two and only two of whose
sides are parallel.
Triangle – It is a portion of a plane bounded by three straight
lines.
Vertical Angles – When two angles have the same vertex, and
the sides of one are the prolongations of the sides of the other,
they are called vertical angles.
Definition of Terms
Tangent – It is a straight line which, however far it may be
produced, has only one point in common with the circle.
Trapezoid – It is a quadrilateral two and only two of whose
sides are parallel.
Triangle – It is a portion of a plane bounded by three straight
lines.
Vertical Angles – When two angles have the same vertex, and
the sides of one are the prolongations of the sides of the other,
they are called vertical angles.
 Give the correct
complementary and
supplementary angles
of the following given:
1. 35°
CA: 55° SA: 145°

2. 22°
CA: 68° SA: 158°
 Give the correct
complementary and
supplementary angles
of the following given:
3. 105°
CA: N/A SA: 75°

4. 90°
CA: 0° SA: 90°
 Given the following
figure:
F

1. Line AB & Line CD are? D C

PARALLEL LINES
A B
E

2. Line AB & Line EF are?

PERPENDICULAR LINES
 Differentiate the
following given:

1. Parallelogram & Trapezoid

2. Rectangle & Triangle

3. Trapezoid & Quadrilateral

4. Regular polygon & Similar polygon

 1. What do you
call the line
joining any two
nonconsecutive
vertices?
DIAGONAL
2. How many diagonals
are there in a
triangle?
0
Mensuration of Plane Figures
Triangles
Quadrilaterals
Polygons
Circles and Ellipse
Composite Figures
THE END