Carenado Do228 Quickstart Reference Guide

Electrical System

28 VDC and 26/115 VAC 400 Hz

DC:
2 engine-driven starter-generators:
- 28 V and 200 amps each
- Controlled by the two GEN switches
2 nickel cadmium batteries
- 24V, 25 amp-hour
- Both normally connected to Bus 1
- Supplies power when either BATT is on and MASTER switch is ON

AC:
2 static inverters to provide 26/115 VAC 400 Hz current

Busses:
AC:
- 115V Bus
- 26V Bus
DC:
- Bus 1
- Bus 2
- Essential Bus
- Non-Essential Bus

The Non-Essential bus can be quickly disconnected in the event of a generator failure by moving
the "NON ESS BUS" switch to the off position. It is normally safety-guarded in the on position.

Fuel System

There are two independent systems ("tank groups") that can be connected by crossfeed.
Each engine feeds from its respective tank group during normal operation.

Each side's tank group contains a total usable fuel capacity of 2,078 pounds:
- Inboard Tank: 928 lbs
- Outboard Tank: 910 lbs
- Feeder Tank: 240 lbs

Total combined usable fuel is: 4,155 lbs

Fuel Boost Pumps:

Each tank group has two electrically-driven boost pumps to provide pressure for the jet pumps,
which transfer fuel from the outer and inner tanks to the feeder tank. If the electric boost pumps fail,
the fuel can still transfer via gravity into the feeder tank.

Fuel Cock:
Each tank group is equipped with an emergency fuel shutoff valve, in the event of a fire.
These switches are guarded to the normal open position, but can be switched off by lifting the guard.

Crossfeed System:
Normally each side feeds its respective engine on the same side, but crossfeed can be used to feed
both engines from one tank group, or to feed the opposite engine if one engine has been shut down.
The rotary CROSSFEED switch located on the overhead fuel panel controls crossfeeding.
An "ON" or "OFF" is shown in a small indicator window above the switch to indicate whether
crossfeeding is active. Selective use of the boost pump switches determines the direction of flow.

Operation of the Crossfeed system:

To supply both engines from the Left fuel system:

- Left boost pump switches - ON
- CROSSFEED switch - ON
- Right boost pump switches - OFF

To supply one engine from both fuel systems (if one engine has been shut down)
- All boost pump switches - ON
- CROSSFEED switch - ON
if a fuel imbalance occurs:
- Boost pumps on low side - OFF

Fuel Tank Quantity Selector:

The quantity selector switch has 3 positions, and is spring-loaded to the centerl (Total) position.
The fuel quantity can be checked as follows:
- Total: the indication must be multiplied by 100 (for example, "15" equals 1,500 lbs)
- Outer: the indication must be multiplied by 100 (for example, "7" equals 700 lbs.)
- Feeder: the indication must be multiplied by 10 (for example, "5" equals 50 lbs.)
Autopilot

FD OFF - Turns the Flight Director on and off.

HDG - Heading mode. The autopilot will follow the heading bug on the HSI.
NAV - Navigation mode. The autopilot will follow the current nav source.
APR - Approach mode. The autopilot will intercept and capture a localizer and glideslope.
BC - Back course. Same as APR, but reversed for a localizer back course approach.
NAV/HSI - Toggles the navigation source between VLOC (radios) and GPS.

ALT - Altitude Hold mode. Pressing this will capture the current altitude.
ALT SEL - Altitude Select. This arms the autopilot to capture the altitude that is set in the
altitude pre-select window (located to the left of the copilot instruments).
V NAV - An optional feature that is not included in this particular aircraft.
VS - Vertical Speed. The autopilot follows the vertical speed as set in the altitude
pre-select window.
IAS - Indicated Airspeed. The autopilot maintains the current indicated airspeed.
BANK LIMIT Limits the amount of bank the autopilot will use. Used during cruise.
SOFT RIDE - Used during turbulence to prevent the autopilot from over-correcting.

AP - Autopilot master switch. Must be on for the autopilot servos to be engaged.

YD - Yaw Damper. Used to smooth the ride and prevent unwanted yawing.

PITCH Wheel This can be used while in IAS or PITCH modes to control the rate of climb/descent.

When the autopilot is first engaged by pressing the AP button it engages ROLL and PITCH modes.
These modes level the wings and maintain the pitch attitude, respectively. The PITCH wheel and
TURN knobs can be used to adjust the aircraft's attitude in flight.

Clicking on the center of the TURN knob will recenter it.

Hydraulic System

The Do228's hydraulic system is powered by an electric motor. System pressure is indicated on the
pressure gauge located on the hydraulic panel at the aft end of the center console. The hydraulic system
affects these systems:

- Landing Gear extension and retraction

- Wheel brakes
- Nosewheel Steering (NWS)

The NWS system and hydraulic pump are controlled by two guarded switches. Disengaging either
of them will cause the "NWS BYPASS" annunciator to illuminate, and will disable the NWS system.
Additionally, disengaging the hydraulic pump will cause a loss of wheel brakes and will prevent the
landing gear from being extended or retracted.
Propeller Start Lock System

The TPE-331 engines on the Dornier incorporate a propeller start lock system, which mechanically
maintains the propellers in a flat pitch (minimum drag) position while the engines are off. This
allows for easier engine starting, since the starter motor must turn the entire engine assembly and
propeller.

The start locks are spring actuated to engage, and centrifugally actuated to disengage.

To engage the start locks, the power levers are briefly pulled back into reverse while the engine is
between 60% and 30% RPM.

To disengage the start locks, the power levers are briefly pulled into reverse while the engine is above
60% RPM.

The start locks must be disengaged before attempting to taxi or takeoff.

Nose Wheel Steering 45 degree mode

The hydraulic nose wheel steering system can be placed in a special 45 degree steering mode for
maneuvering the aircraft in confined spaces on the ground. This is activated by pressing and holding
a button on the yoke.

This function can be assigned in X-Plane to a joystick button or keyboard key. Go to the Joystick or
Keyboard configuration window and assign the button to "thranda/NWS45". It will be near the bottom
of the list, and will appear as "Press and hold for NWS 45 mode".

As long as the button is held down, the nosewheel steering will be in 45 degree mode. As soon as the
button is released it will return to the normal sensitivity.

When the 45 degree mode is active the "NWS 45" annunciator will illuminate: