Our Lady of the Pillar College- Cauayan

San Fermin, Cauayan City, Isabela

Senior High School Department

FOSSIL FUELS as a
PRIMARY SOURCE of
ENERGY
 INTRODUCTION
Fossil fuels are those energy sources that are formed from the ancient
plant and animal remains by natural processes such as decomposition of
buried dead organisms. A story of fossil fuels began millions of years ago,
even before the dinosaurs first appeared on Earth. At that time, there were
tiny plants and animals living in the oceans of the world. As these plants and
animals died, they would sink down and settle on the ocean floor. This
organic matter was eventually covered by layers of sand, rock and mud that
later turned into sedimentary rock (Gillaspy, 2003). As these layers of rock
grew thicker and thicker, the organic matter ended up being placed under a
great amount of pressure. Over the millions of years that passed, this high
pressure transformed the partially decomposed plant and animal matter into
the major energy source that we know as coal, oil and natural gas.
 ABSTRACT
METHOD USED:
In this research, the researchers used a
retrospective approach to gather necessary
data. Charts, diagrams and graphs were also
used in collecting, analyzing and reporting
sets of information.
 ABSTRACT
MAIN CONCLUSION and PRINCIPAL RESULT
Fossil Fuels are more efficient in terms of
affordability, convenience and sufficiency. It
wa, and still a valuable and essential source of
energy for daily lives. However, being non-
renewable source of energy, excessive
consumption will lead to exhaustion and
depletion of the said sources.
INTRODUCTION : THREE TYPES OF FOSSIL FUELS

 COAL

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black

sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams.Coal
is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements; chiefly
hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. It is formed by decay of
dead plants due to millions of years of burial.
 INTRODUCTION : THREE TYPES OF FOSSIL FUELS

 NATURAL GAS
Natural gas (Fossil gas) is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas
mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly including
varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and sometimes a small
percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.
It is formed when layers of decomposing plant and animal matter
are exposed to intense heat and pressure under the surface of the
Earth over millions of years.
INTRODUCTION : THREE TYPES OF FOSSIL FUELS

 Oil
Oil, otherwise known as ‘petroleum or crude oil’, is a thick
black liquid composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon. This is
formed when dead marine organisms sunk to the bottom of the
ocean and were buried under deposits of sedimentary rock.
They are foun in specific underground rocks called reservoir.
METHODOLOGY: MINING COAL
METHODOLOGY: GATHERING OF
CRUDE OIL
METHODOLOGY: PROCESSING OF NATURAL
GAS
METHODOLOGY: CONVERSION OF FOSSIL
FUELS IONTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
RESULTS & DISCUSSION: HISTORY OF UTILIZATION
 RESULTS & DISCUSSION: HISTORY OF UTILIZATION

Fossil fuel production and consumption began with coal – it’s first
reported uses date as far back as 4000BC in China where carving took
place out of black lignite (one of the several forms of coal). However,
large-scale combustion of coal is typically correlated with the period
around the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Global consumption
of fossil energy has increased more than 1300-fold. As shown, coal
was the first and only fossil source until the 1860s when crude oil
consumption began. Natural gas production began a couple of decades
later, in the 1880-90s. The 20th century saw a large diversification of
fossil energy consumption, with coal declining from 96 percent of total
production in 1900 to less than 30 percent in 2000. Today, crude oil is
the largest energy source, accounting for around 39 percent of fossil
energy, followed by coal and natural gas at 33 and 28 percent,
respectively.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION: COUNTRIES THAT USE FOSSIL
FUELS

- Global Material Flow Database developed by the UN

Environment Program
RESULTS & DISCUSSION: COUNTRIES THAT USE FOSSIL
FUELS
According to the graph, China, the United States, and India
are the leading countries which utilizes or consumes more
fossil fuels. Together, these countries consume 54 percent of
the world’s fossil fuels by weight. These countries consuming
the most fossil fuels probably aren’t surprising because they’re
home to about 43 percent of the world’s population. China’s
population of 1.38 billion consumes about 4.7 billion metric tons
of fossil fuels per year, 31 percent of global consumption.
That’s about 3.4 metric tons per person per year. The United
States consumes twice that amount per person. But the United
States is far from the top when it comes to per capita fossil fuel
consumption
RESULTS & DISCUSSION: ADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS (COAL)

1. It is available in an abundant supply.

2. It has a high load factor.
3. Coal offers a rather low capital investment.
4. Carbon capture and storage technologies can reduce potential
emissions.
5. It can be converted into different formats.
6. Coal can be used with renewables to reduce emissions.
7. It is a full-time energy resource.
8. The global reserves for coal are estimated to be quite large.
 RESULTS & DISCUSSION: ADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS
(NATURAL GAS)

1. Environment: It does not pollute the ground or the underground water

because its byproducts are in gaseous form
2. Transportation: Transportation is made via sea (tankers) and land
(pipelines and small tanks)
3. Multi-uses: Natural gas is a multi-use fuel. It is used inside the house for
cooking, heating, drying, etc.
4. Availability: It is abundant and almost worldwide available
5. Conversion to Hydrogen Fuel: It is currently the cheapest fossil fuel
source for producing hydrogen.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION: ADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS (OIL)

1. Oil has High Energy Density.

2. Oil is Easily Available.

3. Oil is Used in a Variety of Industries.

4. Oil is a Constant Power Source.

RESULTS & DISCUSSION: DISADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS
(COAL)

1. It is not a renewable resource.

2. Coal contains a high level of carbon dioxide

3. Coal power can create high levels of radiation

4. Coal emissions are linked to health concerns

5. Even clean coal still has high levels of methane

6. Coal mines cause relocation and destruction

RESULTS & DISCUSSION: DISADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS
(NATURAL GAS)

1. Flammable and Toxic

2.It contributes promotes Greenhouse effect

3.It is non-renewable

4.Poor when used in transportation

RESULTS & DISCUSSION: DISADVANTAGES OF FOSSIL FUELS
(OIL)

1. Emission of Greenhouse Gases.

2. Contributes in Water Pollution.

3. Oil Refining Produces Highly Toxic Substances

 CONCLUSION

Fossil Fuels are more efficient in terms of

affordability, convenience and sufficiency. It
wa, and still a valuable and essential source
of energy for daily lives. However, being non-
renewable source of energy, excessive
consumption will lead to exhaustion and
depletion of the said sources.
MEMBERS