Future Generation International School

American Education

United for Global Success Chemistry

Grade 10

Right the scientific term:

1- is anything that has mass and takes up space. (matter )

2- is a form of matter that has its own definite shape and volume. (solid state)
3- is a form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and takes the shape of its
container. (liquid state)
4- A change which alters a substance without changing its composition. (physical change)
5- is a transition of matter from one state to another. (phase change )
6- A process that involves one or more substances changing into new
substances. ( chemical change )
7- The states that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical
reaction—it is conserved. (law of conservation of mass)
8- is a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by
physical or chemical means. ( element )
9- is made up of two or more different elements that are combined chemically in a
fixed ratio. (compound)
10- the process that separate water into its component elements
—hydrogen and oxygen—. (electrolysis)
 11- is a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure
substance retains its individual chemical properties. (mixture)
12- is a mixture that does not blend smoothly throughout and in which the
individual substances remain distinct. (heterogeneous mixture)
13- is a mixture that has constant composition throughout; it always has a single
phase. ( homogeneous)
14- is a technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a
liquid. ( filtration)
15- is a physical separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling
points of the substances involved. ( distillation)
16- is the process during which a solid changes to vapor without melting.
(sublimation)
17- is a separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a
substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance. (crystallization)
18- is a technique that separates the components of a mixture dissolved in either
a gas or a liquid based on the ability of each component to travel or to be drawn
across the surface of a fixed substrate. (chromatography)
19- The process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to
form different substances. (chemical reaction)
20- The starting substances in chemical reactions. (reactants)
21- the substances formed during the chemical reaction. (products)
22- is a statement that uses chemical formulas to show the identities and relative
amounts of the substances involved in a chemical reaction. (chemical equation)
23- in a chemical equation is the number written in front of a reactant or
product. (coefficient)
complete:

1- the chemical name for table salt is sodium chloride

2- salt harvested from the sea or extracted from a mine
3- the states of matter are solid, liquid, gas and plasma
4- the physical properties of matter are odor, color, boiling and melting points,
density and hardness
5- the state of matter depends on the temperature and pressure of the
surroundings.
6- At atmospheric pressure and temperature of 0°c and below, water is in
solid state, which is known as ice

as heat added, it melts and becomes liquid water

If the temperature of the water increases to 100°c the water begins to boil and
it will converted to steam

7- Terms such as boil, condense, vaporize, melt refers to phase change in

matter.
8- Chemical change commonly referred to as chemical reaction
9- In chemical reaction, the starting substances called reactants and the new
substances that are formed are called products
10- Terms such as decompose, explode, oxidize or rot refers to chemical
reactions
11- The law of conversation of mass states that mass is neither created nor
destroyed during the chemical reaction, its conserved.
12- Copper, oxygen and gold are examples of naturally occurring elements.
13- The periodic table organizes the elements into a grid of horizontal rows
called periods and vertical columns called groups or families
14- The process of separating water into oxygen and hydrogen called electrolysis
15- Mixtures are classified as either homogeneous or heterogeneous
16- An alloy is a mixture of two metals, and the system of mixture is solid-solid
17- When you heat the mixture of mercury silver, the mercury will evaporate

before the silver does, and you will obtain two separate substances: mercury

vapor and solid silver.

Put ( ✓ ) or (  ):

1- The chemical composition of pure substances changes from one sample to

another. ()

2- A solid is defined by its rigidity or hardness. ()

3- Liquids tend to expand when they are heated. (✓)

4- Ionization requires energy. ( ✓)

5- liquid are not rigidly held in place and are less closely packed than the

particles in a solid. (✓)

6- Physical properties cannot describe pure substances. ()

7- A chemical reaction always produces a change in property. (✓)

8- It is easy to keep any substance pure. ()

9- Mercury silver mixture cannot be sperate. ()

10- The particles of matter in a solid are tightly packed. (✓)

11- liquids are incompressible. (✓)

12- the particles of gases are far apart. (✓)

 give reasons:
1- Pure water is a pure substance, but seawater and tap water are not.

Because the samples will contain different amounts of water, nutrients and
other dissolved substances.

2- When solids heated it expands, but only slightly.

Because solids have its definite shape because of the packing of its particles.
3- Liquids can flow and take the shape of its container.
Because the particles are less packed and doesn’t have definite shape.
= because of the property of particles to move past each other.
4- Gases are easily compressed.

Because of the large space between particles.

5- The words “vapor” and “gas” don’t mean the same thing.
= the word “gas” refers to a substance that naturally at gaseous state at room
temperature.
= the word “vapor” refers to the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or
liquid at room temperature.

6- The table of elements called “periodic” table.

Because the patterns of similar properties repeat from period to period.
7- In process of electrolysis, there is twice as much hydrogen gas as there is
oxygen gas.
Because water is composed of 2 parts of Hydrogen and 1 part of Oxygen
8- The mixture of mercury silver could be separated by the physical method of
boiling.
Because the mercury and silver physically mixed to form the mixture but didn’t
chemically react with each other.

9- Solids are incompressible.

Because of the tight backing of particles on it.

what happens when:

1- The temperature and pressure that surrounds matters changed?

The substance will change from one state to another.

2- Iron combined with the oxygen in air.

The rust will form.

3- The particles of a gas become ionized?

The gas will convert to plasma state.