Amr Huawei PDF Free

AMR
GBSS13.0
Feature Parameter Description
Issue 03
Date 2012-06-30
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and
the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be
within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or
representations of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
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Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
GSM BSS
AMR Contents
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1
2 Overview of AMR.......................................................................................................................2-1
3 Technical Description ..............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Inband Signaling............................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment ............................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 Rate Adjustment Threshold Adaptation ......................................................................................... 3-5
3.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing ......................................................................................... 3-6
3.5 AMR Power Control ....................................................................................................................... 3-6
3.6 Handover ....................................................................................................................................... 3-7
3.7 E-CODER ...................................................................................................................................... 3-7
4 Related Features .......................................................................................................................4-1

5 Impact on the Network ............................................................................................................5-1
5.1 AMR FR ......................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Impact on System Capacity .................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.2 Impact on Network Performance .......................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 AMR HR ........................................................................................................................................ 5-1
5.4 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment....................................................................... 5-1
5.6 AMR Radio Link Timer .................................................................................................................. 5-2
5.7 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment................................................................................................. 5-2
6 Engineering Guidelines...........................................................................................................6-1
6.1 When to Use AMR ......................................................................................................................... 6-1
Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
GSM BSS
AMR Contents
6.1.1 AMR FR and AMR HR .......................................................................................................... 6-1

6.1.2 AMR Power Control .............................................................................................................. 6-1
6.1.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment .............................................................. 6-1
6.1.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing ................................................................................ 6-1
6.1.5 AMR Radio Link Timer .......................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment ........................................................................................ 6-1
6.2 Information to Be Collected ........................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2.1 AMR FR and AMR HR .......................................................................................................... 6-1
6.3 Network Planning .......................................................................................................................... 6-2
6.3.1 AMR FR and AMR HR .......................................................................................................... 6-2
6.4 Deploying AMR FR and AMR HR.................................................................................................. 6-3
6.5 Deploying AMR Power Control...................................................................................................... 6-3
6.6 Deploying AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment...................................................... 6-3
6.7 Deploying Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing........................................................................ 6-3
6.8 Deploying AMR Radio Link Timer ................................................................................................. 6-3
6.9 Deploying AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment ............................................................................... 6-3
7 Performance Optimization .....................................................................................................7-1

7.1 AMR FR and AMR HR ................................................................................................................... 7-1
Table 7-1 Counters related to channel usage for the AMR FR and AMR HR traffic ...7-1
7.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment....................................................................... 7-1
7.5 AMR Radio Link Timer .................................................................................................................. 7-1
Monitoring ......................................................................................................................................7-1
Table 7-2 Counters related to AMR FR and AMR HR call drops ......................................7-2
7.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment................................................................................................. 7-2
8 Parameters .................................................................................................................................8-1
9 Counters ......................................................................................................................................9-1
10 Glossary ..................................................................................................................................10-1
Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

GSM BSS
AMR Contents
11 Reference Documents .........................................................................................................11-1
Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

GSM BSS
AMR 1 Introduction
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the AMR feature. It describes adaptive multirate (AMR) speech rate
adjustment, rate adjustment threshold adaptation, Um interface speech frame repairing, AMR power
control, enabling of Tandem Free Operation (TFO) and Discontinuous Transmission (DTX) in the case of
AMR, handover between AMR FR and AMR HR, enhanced coding (E-CODER), and impacts on KPIs .
1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for:
 Personnel who need to understand AMR
 Personnel who work with Huawei products
1.3 Change History

This section provides information on the changes in different document versions.
There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
 Feature change: refers to the change in the AMR feature of a specific product version.
 Editorial change: refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not
described in the earlier version.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
 03(2012-06-30)
 02 (2011-10-30)
 01 (2011-03-31)
 Draft A (2011-01-15)
03(2012-06-30)
This is the third commercial release of GBSS13.0.
Compared with issue 02 (2011-10-30), issue 03 (2012-06-30) incorporates the changes described in the
following table.
Change Type Change Description Parameter Change
Feature change None None

Editorial change Added the description for4 Related Features,5 None
Impact on the Network and 6 Engineering
Guidelines.
02 (2011-10-30)
This is the second commercial release of GBSS13.0.
Compared with issue 01 (2011-03-31), issue 02 (2011-10-30) incorporates the changes described in the
following table.
Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

GSM BSS
AMR 1 Introduction
Feature change Deleted the description for DTX and TFO. Deleted the following
parameters:
 FRDLDTX
 FRULDTX
 HRDLDTX
 HRULDTX
 NBAMRTFOSWITCH
Editorial change Added the description for AMR half-rate (HR) Added the following
speech rate adjustment and related parameters. parameters:
 ULTHH1
 ULHYSTH1
 ULTHH2
 ULHYSTH2
 ULTHH3
 ULHYSTH3
01 (2011-03-31)
This is the first release of GBSS13.0.
Compared with issue draft A (2011-01-15) of GBSS13.0, issue 01 (2011-03-31) of GBSS13.0 has no
change.
Draft A (2011-01-15)
This is the draft release of GBSS13.0.
Compared with issue 01 (2010-06-30) of GBSS12.0, issue draft A (2011-01-15) of GBSS13.0
incorporates the changes described in the following table.

Feature Added sections 3.4 "Um Added the following parameters:
change Interface Speech Frame  UMSFRSWITCH
Repairing" and 3.9 "E-CODER."
 EncodeMode
Editorial None None

change

GSM BSS
AMR 2 Overview of AMR
2 Overview of AMR
AMR is an adaptive multi-rate voice coding/decoding, which is termed full-rate speech version 3 and
half-rate speech version 3 in GSM specifications. AMR enables the BTS and the MS to automatically
select an appropriate coding/decoding rate from the specified ACS according to the interference level in
the radio environment. This enhances the capability and the speech quality of the wireless
communication system.
AMR is classified into AMR FR and AMR HR. AMR specifies eight speech coding rates. Table 2-1 lists
the speech coding rates supported by AMR FR and AMR HR. (GBFD-115501 AMR FR, GBFD-115502
AMR HR)
Table 2-1 AMR speech coding rates
Coding Rate AMR FR AMR HR
4.75 kbit/s √ √
5.15 kbit/s √ √
5.90 kbit/s √ √
6.70 kbit/s √ √
7.40 kbit/s √ √
7.95 kbit/s √ √
10.2 kbit/s √ -
12.2 kbit/s √ -
NOTE
-: not supported
√: supported
Note: When SERVICEMODE of the BTS is set to IP or HDLC, Huawei BSS
supports the AMR coding rate of 7.95 kbit/s. When SERVICEMODE of the BTS is
set to TDM, Huawei BSS does not support the AMR HR coding rate of 7.95 kbit/s.
As listed in Table 2-1, the coding rates of 12.2 kbit/s and 10.2 kbit/s are supported by only the AMR FR
channel. The other six types of coding rates are supported by both the AMR FR channel and the AMR
HR channel.
Each ACS contains a maximum of four coding schemes. One coding scheme corresponds to one
speech coding rate.
 For an AMR FR call, the ACS contains a maximum of four speech coding rates of the eight rates listed
in Table 2-1.
 For an AMR HR call, the ACS contains a maximum of four speech coding rates of the six rates listed in
Table 2-1.
 When AMR is enabled on the network, the BSC selects an ACS and then a coding scheme from the
ACS during the call establishment or the handover procedure. Meanwhile, the MS and the BTS
continuously measure the receive level, receive quality, and C/I ratio. According to the measurement
results, the MS and the BTS continuously evaluate the interference level in the radio environment. The
BTS then adjusts the speech coding rates of the MS and the BTS according to the evaluated
interference level through the inband signaling.

GSM BSS
AMR 3 Technical Description
3 Technical Description
3.1 Inband Signaling
Inband signaling is a type of signaling through which user data and control information are transmitted
on the same channel. In this document, the inband signaling refers to the AMR control information such
as the CMR and CMI that is transmitted through certain bits in the header of the Transcoder and Rate
Adaptor Unit (TRAU) frame.
During a call, the MS and the BTS continuously measure the interference level experienced by the
signals and analyze the measurement results. Based on the measurement results, the AMR control
information is then exchanged through the inband signaling to enable the BTS to adjust the speech
coding rate involved in the ongoing speech service.
The AMR control information is transmitted through certain bits in the header of the TRAU frame. The
AMR control information can be classified into the following types:
Downlink Codec Mode Request (DL CMR): The DL CMR occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU
frame. It is used by the MS to send the recommended DL coding scheme to the BTS.
Downlink Codec Mode Indication (DL CMI): The DL CMI occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU
frame. It is used by the BTS to send the current DL coding scheme to the MS.
Uplink Codec Mode Command (UL CMC): The UL CMC occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU
frame. It is used by the BTS to send the UL coding scheme that should be used by the MS to the MS.
Uplink Codec Mode Indication (UL CMI): The UL CMI occupies two bits in the header of the TRAU frame.
It is used by the MS to send the current UL coding scheme to the BTS.
Uplink Maximum Codec Mode Command (UL Max CMC): The UL Max CMC occupies three bits in the
header of the TRAU frame.
To implement AMR coding scheme adaptation, a Mode Control Entity is used in both the MS and the
BTS, as shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 AMR coding scheme adaptation
MS BTS TRAU
Speech Channel DL CMI Channel UL Max CMC Speech

Decoder Decoder UL CMC Encoder Encoder
DL CMI
DL MEAS UL CMC
Mode Mode
Control Control
Entity Entity
DL CMR UL MEAS
UL CMC
Speech Channel DL CMR Channel Speech

Encoder Encoder UL CMI Decoder Decoder
As shown in Figure 3-1, the AMR coding scheme adaptation procedure is as follows:

GSM BSS
 Uplink direction
 The BTS measures the receive quality of the UL speech and generates the Uplink Measurement (UL
MEAS).
 The Mode Control Entity of the BTS updates the UL CMC based on the UL MEAS generated by the
BTS.
 The BTS instructs the MS to change the UL coding scheme through the UL CMC.
 The MS changes the UL coding scheme as indicated by the UL CMC and then sends the UL CMI to
the BTS to inform the BTS of the new UL coding scheme.
 Downlink direction
 The MS measures the receive quality of the DL speech and generates the Downlink Measurement (DL
MEAS). The Mode Control Entity of the MS converts the DL MEAS into the recommended DL coding
scheme. Then, the MS sends the recommended DL coding scheme to the BTS through the DL CMR.
 The Mode Control Entity of the BTS updates the DL speech coding scheme based on the
recommended DL coding scheme sent from the MS.
 The BTS instructs the MS to use the new DL coding scheme through the DL CMI.
3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment

AMR speech rate adjustment is the process that the AMR coding scheme of a call on a channel
frequently changes to adapt to the variations of the interference level in the radio environment.
Each AMR coding scheme has an adjustment threshold, which is used to select the coding scheme that
is best suited to the C/I ratio or Bit Error Rate (BER) of the interference level in the radio environment. To
avoid the constant changes of the coding scheme, the process of hysteresis is introduced. The value of
the threshold ranges from 0 to 63. Value 1 indicates 0.5 dB, and value 2 indicates 1 dB. The rest may be
deduced by analogy. The value of the hysteresis ranges from 0 to 15. The hysteresis value complements
the threshold.
Figure 3-2 shows the procedure for AMR coding scheme adjustment.
Figure 3-2 Procedure for AMR coding scheme adjustment
C/I
CODEC_MODE_4
THR_3 + HYST_3 = THR_MX_Up(3)
THR_3 = THR_MX_Dn(4)
CODEC_MODE_3
CODEC_MODE_2
CODEC_MODE_1
THR_N: AMR Coding Rate adj.thN HYST_N: AMR Coding Rate adj.hystN
(1≤N≤3) (1≤N≤3)

GSM BSS
CODEC_MODE_1: indicates the CODEC_MODE_2: indicates the coding

lowest-bit-rate coding scheme scheme whose bit rate is higher than only
that of CODEC_MODE_1 (assume that
there is more than one coding scheme in
the ACS)
CODEC_MODE_3: indicates the coding CODEC_MODE_4: indicates the coding
scheme whose bit rate is the second scheme whose bit rate is the highest in
highest in the ACS (assume that there the ACS (assume that there are four
are more than two coding schemes in coding schemes in the ACS)
the ACS)
Assume that the currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_3. As shown in Figure 3-2, when the
C/I ratio is greater than THR_3 plus HYST_3, the coding scheme is changed to CODEC_MODE_4;
when the C/I ratio is smaller than THR_2, the coding scheme is changed to CODEC_MODE_2.
The procedure for AMR UL speech rate adjustment is similar to the procedure for AMR DL speech rate
adjustment. The AMR UL coding scheme is adjusted by the BTS, and the AMR DL coding scheme is
adjusted by the MS. Figure 3-3 shows the procedure through which the BTS adjusts the AMR UL coding
scheme.

GSM BSS
Figure 3-3 Procedure through which the BTS adjusts the AMR UL coding scheme
Start
Select the initial AMR

coding rate.
Enable AMR rate N

adjustment algorithm?
Y
Perform filtering for C/I
or BER data.
Y Filter value >

(THR_N+HYST_N)?
MS must use the AMR coding N

rate of a higher level.
Filter value < Y
THR_N-1?
N MS must use the AMR coding

rate of a lower level.
Keep the coding
rate unchanged.
Adjust the coding

rate.
End
THR_N: AMR UL Coding Rate adj.thN HYST_N: AMR UL Coding Rate adj.hystN
(1≤N≤3) (1≤N≤3)
The procedure through which the BTS adjusts the AMR UL coding scheme shown in Figure 3-3 is
described as follows:
1. During AMR FR call establishment, INITCDMDF specifies which coding scheme in ACTCDSETF
should be used to make a call. During AMR HR call establishment, INITCDMDH specifies which
coding scheme in ACTCDSETH should be used to make a call.
2. The RATECTRLSW parameter specifies whether the AMR speech rate is adjusted. The setting of
this parameter is described as follows:
− When this parameter is set to Algorithm I, it indicates that the BSC adjusts the AMR speech rate
based on the C/I ratio.

GSM BSS
− When this parameter is set to Algorithm II, it indicates that the BSC adjusts the AMR speech rate
based on the Bit Error Rate (BER).
− When this parameter is set to None, it indicates that the AMR rate adjustment is disabled.
3. If the RATECTRLSW parameter is set to Algorithm I or Algorithm II, the AMR coding scheme
adapts to the change of the radio environment during the call according to the configured threshold
and hysteresis.
The following description takes the adjustment of the AMR FR coding scheme as an example.
 The currently used coding scheme is CODEC_MODE_1.
− If
the filter value is greater than ULTHF1 plus ULHYSTF1, the peer end needs to adjust the coding
scheme to CODEC_MODE_2.
− In other cases, the coding scheme remains unchanged.
− If
− If
the filter value is smaller than ULTHF1, the peer end needs to adjust the coding scheme to
CODEC_MODE_1.
− If
− If
CODEC_MODE_2.
− If
CODEC_MODE_3.
4. If the coding scheme is to be adjusted, the BTS sends a UL CMC to the MS. The procedure for
adjusting the UL coding scheme by the BTS is complete.
The AMR HR calls use the same coding scheme policy adjustment as that used by the AMR full-rate
calls; however, they use different parameters. The AMR half-rate coding scheme involves the following
parameters: ULTHH1, ULHYSTH1, ULTHH2, ULHYSTH2, ULTHH3, and ULHYSTH3.
3.3 Rate Adjustment Threshold Adaptation

Generally, network planning engineers set the ACS, threshold parameters, and hysteresis parameters
for a cell according to the evaluation of the radio channel quality. When the radio channel quality keeps
changing or the quality evaluation is inaccurate, the parameter settings do not meet the requirements of
the speech services in the cell. In this case, the appropriate AMR coding scheme cannot be selected for
a call, and the quality of the speech services is affected.
The AMR rate adjustment threshold adaptation function enables the BSC to monitor the speech quality
in real time and to adaptively modify the threshold parameters. Therefore, an appropriate AMR coding
scheme can always be selected for the call. (GBFD-115506 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive
Adjustment)
The principle for uplink adaptive adjustment of the threshold is the same as that for downlink adaptive
adjustment of the threshold.

GSM BSS
When the BSC sends a channel activation or a speech coding scheme modification message to the BTS,
the channel activation or the speech coding scheme modification message carries LTFERUPTH,
LTFERLOWTH, LTFERTGT, and LTTHADJFA, if AMRUADTHAW in the cell is set to Yes and the call is
an AMR call. On receiving the message, the BTS adaptively adjusts the AMR coding scheme for the call.
When the BSC sends the BTS a channel activation or a speech coding scheme modification message,
the channel activation or the speech coding scheme modification message carries DLLTFERUPTH,
DLLTFERLOWTH, DLLTFERTGT, and DLLTTHADJFA, if AMRDADTHAW in the cell is set to Yes and
the call is an AMR call. On receiving the message, the BTS adaptively adjusts the AMR coding scheme
for the call.
3.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

This feature automatically repairs the bit-error speech frames over the Um interface, thereby minimizing
the impact of the bit-error speech frames on speech performance. This feature is implemented by
applying an enhanced decoding technique to the Um interface. (GBFD-115708 Um Interface Speech
Frame Repairing)
This feature, applicable to only the uplink, repairs speech frames in the source and channel decoding of
EFR and three types of AMR: 4.75 kbit/s, 7.40 kbit/s, and 12.2 kbit/s. Therefore, this feature improves
the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) by 0.1 to 0.2 when the C/I ratio is low.
To enable the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing function, set UMSFRSWITCH to ON.
3.5 AMR Power Control

The procedure of power control for AMR calls is similar to that for non-AMR calls. (GBFD-115503 AMR
Power Control)
In Huawei II power control algorithm and Huawei III power control algorithm, parameters related to AMR
power control are configured separately from those related to non-AMR power control. The AMR calls
and non-AMR calls can adopt different power control strategies. For details, see Power Control Feature
Parameter Description. The following lists the parameters related to AMR power control.
 AMRPCADJPERIOD
 AMRULLEVFTLEN
 AMRDLLEVFTLEN
 AMRULQUAFTLEN
 AMRDLQUAFTLEN
 AMRMRCOMPREG
 AMRULPREDLEND
 AMRDLPREDLEND
 AMRULSSHTHRED
 AMRULSSLTHRED
 AMRULQHTHRED
 AMRULQLOWTHRED
 AMRDLSSHTHRED
 AMRDLSSLTHRED
 AMRDLQHTHRED
 AMRDLQLTHRED
 AMRMAXSTEP0
 AMRMAXSTEP1

GSM BSS
 AMRMAXSTEP2
 AMRQUALSTEP
 AMRMAXVALADJRX
 AMRMAXADJPCVAL
 AMRULQUALBADTRIG
 AMRULQUALBADUPLEV
 AMRDLQUALBADTRIG
 AMRDLQUALBADUPLEV
 AMRBTSPWRNUM
3.6 Handover
The Intra-cell AMR TCHF-TCHH handover algorithm is introduced in both handover algorithm I and
handover algorithm II. For details, see the Handover Feature Parameter Description
Through the dynamic conversion between AMR HR channels and AMR FR channels, the speech quality
and the system capacity are optimally balanced.
Before implementing the intra-cell AMR TCHF-TCHH handover algorithm, you must enable the half-rate service and AMR
HR.
3.7 E-CODER
Enhanced Coding (E-CODER) optimizes AMR coding modules, therefore improving AMR voice quality. The
emulation results show that E-CODER improves the MOS by 0.05 to 0.12.E-CODER is not supported
when A over IP and TFO are enabled. E-CODER is supported only in downlink.
To enable the E-CODER function, set EncodeMode to ON.

GSM BSS
AMR 4 Related Features
4 Related Features
Table 4-1 Related features
Feature Prerequisite Feature Mutually Exclusive Affected Feature
Feature
AMR FR None None None
AMR HR GBFD-113401 Half Rate None None
Speech
AMR Power Control GBFD-115501 AMR FR None None
GBFD-115502 AMR HR
AMR Coding Rate GBFD-117501 GBFD-115701 TFO None
Threshold Adaptive Enhanced Measurement GBFD-117702 BTS Local
Adjustment Report (EMR) Switch
GBFD-115501 AMR FR GBFD-117701 BSC Local
GBFD-115502 AMR HR Switch
GBFD-118602 A over IP
GBFD-118622 A IP over
E1/T1
Um Interface Speech None None None
Frame Repairing
AMR Radio Link Timer GBFD-115501 AMR FR None None
GBFD-115502 AMR HR
AMR FR/HR Dynamic GBFD-115501 AMR FR None None
Adjustment GBFD-115502 AMR HR
GBFD-110601 HUAWEI
I Handover
GBFD-510501 HUAWEI
II Handover

GSM BSS
AMR 5 Impact on the Network
5 Impact on the Network

5.1 AMR FR
5.1.1 Impact on System Capacity
The AMR FR feature provides a strong anti-interference capability to calls. This allows tight frequency
reuse and increases system capacity.
With this feature, calls in some weak coverage areas can be maintained. This reduces the possibility of
active hang-ups, increasing the traffic volume.
5.1.2 Impact on Network Performance

The voice quality of 12.2 kbit/s AMR FR calls is equivalent to that of EFR calls and is better than that of
FR calls. In areas with weak signals, the voice quality of low-rate AMR FR calls is much better than that
of EFR and FR calls because of strong robustness of AMR FR calls.
5.2 AMR HR
When network capacity is limited, the AMR HR feature increases system capacity and reduces the
network congestion rate while maintaining acceptable voice quality.

The voice quality of 7.4 kbit/s AMR HR calls is better than that of HR calls. In weak coverage areas, the
voice quality of low-rate AMR HR calls is much better than that of HR calls because of strong robustness
of AMR HR calls.

The AMR Power Control feature improves the anti-interference capability. This allows tight frequency
reuse and increases system capacity.

AMR optimizes the speech codec but not the signaling codec. Therefore, AMR slightly affects the
handover success rate theoretically. AMR can expand the radio network coverage. Therefore, MSs can
make calls even if they are located in weak coverage areas. However, the receive quality in
measurement reports (MRs) is poor, leading to bad quality handovers. When AMR is enabled, the
number of bad quality handovers may increase. When the AMR Power Control feature is enabled,
network interference decreases, and the number of handovers due to interference decreases.
This feature enhances the anti-interference capability for AMR calls, improving voice quality experience
of subscribers in weak coverage areas.
5.4 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

None

GSM BSS
AMR 5 Impact on the Network

The AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment feature makes AMR coding rate adjustment
thresholds and hysteresis more adaptive to the Um interface quality, improving the voice quality.

None

In weak coverage areas with low a CIR, the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing feature reduces the
proportion of frame loss due to poor signal quality, improving the voice quality.
5.6 AMR Radio Link Timer

None

AMR FR improves the robustness of AMR FR speech frames but not the robustness of SACCH signaling
frames. Therefore, AMR FR does not affect the TCH call drop rate theoretically. In practice, however,
when AMR FR is enabled, the TCH call drop rate increases because of the following causes:
 For EFR/FR/HR calls, SACCH signaling frames have the similar robustness to that of speech frames.
Therefore, a subscriber in a weak coverage area may hang up the phone because of poor
conversation quality. Such a hang-up is not counted as a call drop. However, such a hang-up for an
AMR call is counted as a call drop.
 When AMR FR is enabled, the robustness of AMR FR speech frames is stronger than that of SACCH
signaling frames. Therefore, speech frames area can be correctly decoded in a weak coverage, and
therefore subscribers will not hang up the phone. SACCH frames, however, cannot be correctly
decoded. Therefore, RLT expires, and call drops occur, leading to an increase in the TCH call drop
rate.
AMR FR and AMR HR incorporates the following parameters: AFRDSBLCNT, AHRDSBLCNT,
AFRSAMULFRM, and AHRSAMULFRM. By modifying the settings of these parameters, you can
improve the robustness of SACCH signaling frames and enhance network coverage performance using
AMR to decrease the TCH call drop rate.
5.7 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

Conversion from AMR FR to AMR HR increases network capacity and decreases network deployment
costs while maintaining voice quality.

Conversion from AMR HR to AMR FR improves the Um interface quality when the radio link quality
deteriorates. This improves network performance.

GSM BSS
AMR 6 Engineering Guidelines
6 Engineering Guidelines
6.1 When to Use AMR
6.1.1 AMR FR and AMR HR
It is recommended that the AMR FR or AMR HR feature be used in the following scenarios:
 Capacity-sufficient scenarios: If the number of AMR calls reach a certain proportion, enable AMR FR
or AMR HR in some cells to improve voice quality and user experience.
 Capacity-limited scenarios: Based on the strong anti-interference capability of AMR, tight frequency
reuse can be used. Based on the similarity of voice quality between AMR FR used with AMR HR and
AMR FR, some HR channels can be used to improve the network capacity while maintaining network
quality.
6.1.2 AMR Power Control

It is recommended that the AMR Power Control feature be used with AMR FR or AMR HR. This
enhances anti-interference capability, increases network capacity, and improves voice quality.
6.1.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

It is recommended that the AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment feature be used when
radio link quality varies frequently or network planning personnel are difficult to predict radio quality. With
this feature, the BTS adaptively adjusts AMR coding rate thresholds to ensure AMR performance.
6.1.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

It is recommended that the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing feature be used when poor uplink
receive quality causes a high uplink Frame Erase Ratio (FER). This feature repairs speech frames,
improving uplink voice quality.
6.1.5 AMR Radio Link Timer

It is recommended that the AMR Radio Link Timer feature be used with AMR FR or AMR HR. This
decreases the call drop rate and improves user experience.
6.1.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

It is recommended that the AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment feature be used in a capacity-limited
scenario where both AMR FR and AMR HR are used. This helps balance cell capacity and voice quality.
6.2 Information to Be Collected

Before deploying the AMR FR or AMR HR feature, collect the following information: AMR-capable MS
penetration rate and Um-interface coverage quality. For AMR HR deployment, you also need to learn
about the network load. If the network is congested, you are advised to enable AMR HR.

None

GSM BSS

Before deploying the AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment feature, analyze network
interference and determine AMR coding rate adjustment thresholds. This feature supports the functions
of uplink and downlink AMR coding rate threshold adaptive adjustment. The downlink AMR coding rate
threshold adaptive adjustment function depends on the Enhanced Measurement Report (EMR) feature.
Before enabling this function, collect the EMR-capable MS penetration rate.

Before deploying the Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing feature, check whether there are a large
number of calls with poor uplink quality.

Before deploying the AMR Radio Link Timer feature, collect the AMR FR or AMR HR call drop rate.

Before deploying the AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment feature, check whether the network is congested
and whether AMR HR is enabled.
6.3 Network Planning

RF Planning
According to the impact of AMR on network capacity and quality, RF planning for AMR is as follows:
Compared with FR and EFR, AMR supports a lower CIR with the same voice quality. In addition, AMR
improves network performance in a tight frequency reuse pattern. Therefore, you can configure some
channels on a TRX as AMR HR channels with the same network frequency planning so that these AMR
HR channels are allocated to AMR calls. This increases system capacity.
Certain MSs do not support AMR. Therefore, you must appropriately plan the network capacity based on
the AMR-capable MS penetration rate and select a proper frequency reuse pattern for frequency
planning. If you perform network planning without considering the MSs that do not support AMR, the
overall network KPIs deteriorate.
Network Topology
N/A
Hardware Planning
N/A

N/A

N/A

GSM BSS

N/A

N/A

N/A
6.4 Deploying AMR FR and AMR HR

For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring AMR.
6.5 Deploying AMR Power Control

6.6 Deploying AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive

Adjustment
For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring AMR Coding Rate
Threshold Adaptive Adjustment.
6.7 Deploying Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring Um Interface
Speech Frame Repairing.
6.8 Deploying AMR Radio Link Timer

6.9 Deploying AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

For details about how to activate, verify, and deactivate this feature, see Configuring HUAWEI II
Handover.

GSM BSS
AMR 7 Performance Optimization
7 Performance Optimization
7.1 AMR FR and AMR HR
Monitoring
You can monitor the counters related to channel usage for the AMR FR and AMR HR traffic in a cell to
determine whether the network performance needs to be optimized. Table 7-1 lists the related counters.
Table 7-1 Counters related to channel usage for the AMR FR and AMR HR traffic
Counter Description Counter Name
A0409I:Full Rate AMR TCH Successful CELL.CALL.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHF.AMR
Call Occupancy Times (Service Channel)
A0409J:Full Rate AMR TCH Successful CELL.CALL.HO.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHF.AMR
Handover Occupancy Times (Service
Channel)
AR3551C:Traffic Volume on AMR TCHFs CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHF.AMR.TRAF.AVE
A0409L:Half Rate AMR TCH Successful CELL.CALL.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHH.AMR
Call Occupancy Times (Service Channel)
A0409M:Half Rate AMR TCH Successful CELL.CALL.HO.OCCUPY.SUCC.TCHH.AMR
Handover Occupancy Times (Service
Channel)
AR3552C:Traffic Volume on AMR TCHHs CELL.CHAN.BUSY.NUM.TCHH.AMR.TRAF.AVE
Parameter Optimization
To adjust the AMR FR and AMR HR traffic, run the BSC6900 MML command SET GCELLCHMGAD
with TCHBUSYTHRES set to an appropriate value. If this parameter is set to a large value, the AMR FR
traffic increases. If this parameter is set to a small value, the AMR HR traffic increases.

N/A
7.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

N/A

N/A
7.5 AMR Radio Link Timer

Monitoring
You can monitor the counters related to AMR FR and AMR HR call drops to determine whether the
network performance needs to be optimized. Table 7-2 lists the related counters.

GSM BSS
Table 7-2 Counters related to AMR FR and AMR HR call drops

Counter Description Counter Name
M0121A:Full Rate AMR Service Channel CELL.CALL.DROP.AMRFR.CAll.FAIL
Call Drop Times
M0121B:Half Rate AMR Service Channel CELL.CALL.DROP.AMRHR.CAll.FAIL
Call Drop Times
A0409N:Full Rate AMR Call Drop Rate CELL.CALL.DROP.CALL.RATE.TCHF.AMR
A0409P:Half Rate AMR Call Drop Rate CELL.CALL.DROP.CALL.RATE.TCHH.AMR
Parameter Optimization
To adjust the effect of the AMR Radio Link Timer feature, run the BSC6900 MML command SET
GCELLCCBASIC with AFRSAMULFRM, AHRSAMULFRM, AFRDSBLCNT, and AHRDSBLCNT set to
appropriate values. The larger the value of this parameter, the lower the call drop rate, but the more
channel resources are wasted. The smaller the value of this parameter, the fewer channel resources are
wasted, but the higher the call drop rate.
7.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

See the Handover Feature Parameter Description.

GSM BSS

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters
8 Parameters
Table 8-1 Parameter description
Parameter NE MML Feature ID Feature Description
ID Command Name
ACTCDSET BSC6900 SET GBFD-115501 AMR FR Meaning: Active coding set (ACS)[F],
F GCELLCCA GBFD-115701 TFO indicates a set of full-rate coding rates
MR(Optional) currently available for calls. The AMR is
a set of multiple speech coding and
decoding rates.If an IP based user
plane A-Interface is chosen,5.15KBIT/S
will not be included(see 3GPP TS
28.062).
GUI Value Range: 4_75KBIT/S,
5_15KBIT/S, 5_90KBIT/S,
7_95KBIT/S, 10_2KBIT/S, 12_2KBIT/S
Actual Value Range: 4_75KBIT/S,
7_95KBIT/S, 10_2KBIT/S, 12_2KBIT/S
Default Value:
4_75KBIT/S-1&5_15KBIT/S-0&5_90K
BIT/S-1&6_70KBIT/S-0&7_40KBIT/S-1
&7_95KBIT/S-0&10_2KBIT/S-0&12_2
KBIT/S-1
Unit: None
AFRDSBLC BSC6900 SET GBFD-115505 AMR Meaning: Counter for radio link failures
NT GCELLCCB Wireless during an AMR full rate call. See the
ASIC(Option Link Timer description of "Radio Link Timeout" in
al) "SET GCELLCCBASIC".
GUI Value Range: 4_Times, 8_Times,
12_Times, 16_Times, 20_Times,
60_Times, 64_Times
Actual Value Range: 1920~30720
Default Value: 64_Times
Unit: 480ms
AFRSAMUL BSC6900 SET GBFD-115505 AMR Meaning: Number of SACCH
FRM GCELLCCB Wireless multiframes during an AMR full rate
ASIC(Option Link Timer call. See the description of "SACCH
al) Multi-Frames" in "SET
GCELLCCBASIC".
GUI Value Range: 0~63
Default Value: 48

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Unit: 480ms
AHRDSBLC BSC6900 SET GBFD-115505 AMR Meaning: Counter for radio link failures
NT GCELLCCB Wireless during an AMR half rate call. See the
ASIC(Option Link Timer description of "Radio Link Timeout" in
al) "SET GCELLCCBASIC".
60_Times, 64_Times
Unit: 480ms
AHRSAMU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115505 AMR Meaning: Number of SACCH
LFRM GCELLCCB Wireless multiframes during an AMR half rate
ASIC(Option Link Timer call. See the description of "SACCH
al) Multi-Frames" in "SET
GCELLCCBASIC".
Default Value: 32
Unit: 480ms
AMRBTSP BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Maximum degree by which
WRNUM GCELLPWR Control the BSC can control the power of the
2(Optional) AMR BTS dynamically
Default Value: 16
Unit: 2dB
AMRDADT BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Whether to enable the
HAW GCELLCCA Coding adaptive adjustment function of AMR
MR(Optional) Rate downlink threshold. After this function is
Threshold enabled, the BTS estimates the
Adaptive long-term voice quality (indicated by
Adjustment the long-term FER(frame erase ratio))
and compares the estimated result with
the specified target voice quality. If the
estimated result does not conform to
the target voice quality, it indicates that
the current AMR handover threshold
may not be the best for the current
radio conditions. In this case, the
BSC6900 adjust threshold adaptively
according to the relation between the

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
estimated voice quality and the target
voice quality.
GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
Actual Value Range: NO, YES
Default Value: NO
Unit: None
AMRDLLEV BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Number of measurement
FTLEN GCELLPWR Control reports sampled for averaging downlink
2(Optional) AMR signal strength. A single
measurement report may not reflect the
actual network situations accurately.
Therefore, the BSC needs to average
the measured values in several
successive measurement reports to
reflect the radio environment.
Actual Value Range: TCH:480~9600,
step:480; SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms
AMRDLPR BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Number of downlink AMR
EDLEND GCELLPWR Control measurement reports that the BSC
2(Optional) predicts. The BSC takes a while to
confirm the power control effect of a
power control command. Thus, the
BSC makes a power control decision
based on a measurement report that
lags behind the changes in the receive
level and quality instead of reflecting
the real-time radio environment. As a
result, the power control is late.
To prevent late power control to a
certain degree, the power control
algorithm involves a measurement
report prediction filter. The BSC can
sample several downlink measurement
reports in a short time and filter them
according to a specific weight to predict
future N measurement reports.
This parameter specifies the number N.
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRDLQH BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Quality level threshold for

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
THRED GCELLPWR Control decreasing downlink AMR signal
2(Optional) power. If the BTS transmits AMR
signals at a quality level less than
"AMR DL Qual. Upper Threshold", the
BSC decreases the power of the BTS.
If (downlink receive level - "AMR MAX
Down Adj. PC Value by Qual.") < "AMR
DL RX_LEV Lower Threshold", the
BSC does not adjust the transmit
power.
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRDLQLT BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Quality level threshold for
HRED GCELLPWR Control increasing downlink AMR signal power.
2(Optional) If the BTS transmits AMR signals at a
quality level greater than "AMR DL
Qual. Lower Threshold", the BSC
increases the power of the BTS. If
(downlink receive level + "AMR MAX
Up Adj. PC Value by Qual.") > "AMR
DL RX_LEV Upper Threshold", the
BSC does not adjust the transmit
power.
Default Value: 3
Unit: None
AMRDLQU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Number of measurement
AFTLEN GCELLPWR Control reports sampled for averaging downlink
2(Optional) AMR signal quality. A single
step:480; SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms
AMRDLQU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: During downlink power
ALBADTRI GCELLPWR Control control, if the downlink receive quality
G 2(Optional) level is equal to or greater than this

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
threshold, "AMR DL RX_LEV Upper
Threshold" is increased by "AMR DL
Qual Bad UpLEVDiff" to further
increase the expected downlink power
level.
Default Value: 2
Unit: None
AMRDLQU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: During downlink power
ALBADUPL GCELLPWR Control control, if the downlink receive quality
EV 2(Optional) level is equal to or greater than "AMR
DL Qual Bad Trig Threshold", "AMR DL
RX_LEV Upper Threshold" is increased
by "AMR DL Qual Bad UpLEVDiff" to
further increase the expected downlink
power level.
Default Value: 8
Unit: dB
AMRDLSS BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Upper threshold for downlink
HTHRED GCELLPWR Control AMR signal strength.
2(Optional) If the downlink received AMR signal
level is greater than this threshold, a
power decrease is computed. Then, the
power is decreased by the least of the
power decrease, maximum power
adjustment step allowed by the quality
zone to which the received signal
quality belongs, and "AMR MAX Down
Adj. PC Value by Qual.".
Power decrease = downlink received
signal level - ("AMR DL RX_LEV Upper
Threshold" + "AMR DL RX_LEV Lower
Threshold")/2
The maximum power adjustment step
allowed by the quality zone is chosen
from "AMR MAX Down Adj. Value
Qual. Zone 0", "AMR MAX Down Adj.
Value Qual. Zone 1", and "AMR MAX
Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone 2"
according to the quality zone.
Default Value: 33

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Unit: dB
AMRDLSSL BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Lower threshold for downlink
THRED GCELLPWR Control AMR signal strength.
2(Optional) If the downlink received AMR signal
level is less than this threshold, a
power increase is computed. Then, the
power is increased by the least of the
power increase, "AMR MAX Up Adj. PC
Value by RX_LEV", and "AMR MAX Up
Adj. PC Value by Qual.".
Power increase = ("AMR DL RX_LEV
Upper Threshold" + "AMR DL RX_LEV
Lower Threshold")/2 - downlink
received signal level.
Default Value: 25
Unit: dB
AMRMAXA BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Maximum step by which the
DJPCVAL GCELLPWR Control power can be increased according to
2(Optional) received signal quality
Default Value: 8
Unit: dB
AMRMAXS BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Maximum step by which the
TEP0 GCELLPWR Control power can be decreased when the
2(Optional) received signal quality belongs to
quality zone 0.
Huawei power control algorithm
generation II classifies the received
signal quality into three quality zones.
The maximum step by which the power
can be decreased according to signal
level varies according to the quality
zones.
Default Value: 2
Unit: dB
quality zone 1.

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
zones.
Default Value: 0
Unit: dB
quality zone 2.
zones.
Default Value: 0
Unit: dB
AMRMAXV BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Maximum step by which the
ALADJRX GCELLPWR Control power can be increased according to
2(Optional) received signal level
Default Value: 8
Unit: dB
AMRMRCO BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Whether to enable the
MPREG GCELLPWR Control compensation of AMR measurement
2(Optional) reports in Huawei power control
algorithm generation II
If this parameter is set to YES, Huawei
power control algorithm generation II
puts a currently received measurement
report into the measurement report
compensation queue. Then, the
algorithm records the change in the
transmit power based on the MS/BTS
power in the measurement report.

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
According to the power change, the
algorithm compensates the received
signal level in a history measurement
report after measurement report
interpolation.
Before making a power control
decision, the BSC samples and weights
the received signal level and quality in
several history measurement reports.
The MS/BTS transmit power may vary
over these measurement reports. To
ensure the accuracy of the received
signal level and quality to be weighted,
the power control algorithm needs to
compensate the received signal level
and quality in the history measurement
reports where the transmit power
differs from the current transmit power.
Default Value: YES
Unit: None
AMRPCADJ BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Minimum interval between
PERIOD GCELLPWR Control two consecutive AMR power control
2(Optional) commands
Default Value: 3
Unit: 480ms
AMRQUAL BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Maximum step by which the
STEP GCELLPWR Control power can be decreased according to
2(Optional) received signal quality
Default Value: 4
Unit: dB
AMRUADT BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Whether to enable the
HAW GCELLCCA Coding adaptive adjustment function of AMR
MR(Optional) Rate uplink threshold. After this function is
Threshold enabled, the BTS estimates the
Adaptive long-term voice quality (indicated by
Adjustment the long-term FER(frame erase ratio))
and compares the estimated result with
the specified target voice quality. If the
estimated result does not conform to
the target voice quality, it indicates that

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
the current AMR handover threshold
may not be the best for the current
radio conditions. In this case, the
BSC6900 uses the relevant algorithm
to adjust the adaptive threshold
according to the relation between the
estimated voice quality and the target
voice quality.
Default Value: NO
Unit: None
AMRULLEV BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Number of measurement
FTLEN GCELLPWR Control reports sampled for averaging uplink
2(Optional) AMR signal strength. A single
step:480; SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms
AMRULPR BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Number of uplink AMR
EDLEND GCELLPWR Control measurement reports that the BSC
2(Optional) predicts. The BSC takes a while to
confirm the power control effect of a
power control command. Thus, the
BSC makes a power control decision
based on a measurement report that
lags behind the changes in the receive
level and quality instead of reflecting
the real-time radio environment. As a
result, the power control is late.
To prevent late power control to a
certain degree, the power control
algorithm involves a measurement
report prediction filter. The BSC can
sample several downlink measurement
reports in a short time and then weigh
them to predict future N measurement
reports.
This parameter specifies the number N.

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRULQH BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Quality level threshold for
THRED GCELLPWR Control decreasing the power of an uplink AMR
2(Optional) call. If the MS transmits AMR signals at
a quality level less than "AMR ULQual.
Upper Threshold", the BTS decreases
the power of the MS. If (uplink receive
level - "AMR MAX Down Adj. PC Value
by Qual.") < "AMR UL RX_LEV Lower
Threshold", the BTS does not adjust
the transmit power.
Default Value: 0
Unit: None
AMRULQL BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Quality level threshold for
OWTHRED GCELLPWR Control increasing the power of an uplink AMR
2(Optional) call. If the MS transmits AMR signals at
a quality level greater than "AMR UL
Qual. Lower Threshold", the BTS
increases the power of the MS. If
(uplink receive level + "AMR MAX Up
Adj. PC Value by Qual.") > "AMR UL
RX_LEV Upper Threshold", the BTS
does not adjust the transmit power.
Default Value: 3
Unit: None
AMRULQU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Number of measurement
AFTLEN GCELLPWR Control reports sampled for averaging uplink
2(Optional) AMR signal quality. A single
step:480; SDCCH:470~9400, step:470
Default Value: 5
Unit: ms

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
AMRULQU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: During uplink power control, if
ALBADTRI GCELLPWR Control the uplink receive quality level is equal
G 2(Optional) to or greater than this threshold, "AMR
UL RX_LEV Upper Threshold" is
increased by "AMR UL Qual. Bad
UpLEVDiff" to further increase the
expected uplink power level.
Default Value: 3
Unit: None
AMRULQU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: During uplink power control, if
ALBADUPL GCELLPWR Control the uplink receive quality level is equal
EV 2(Optional) to or greater than "AMR UL Qual. Bad
Trig Threshold", "AMR UL RX_LEV
Upper Threshold" is increased by
"AMR UL Qual. Bad UpLEVDiff" to
further increase the expected uplink
power level.
Default Value: 6
Unit: dB
AMRULSS BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Upper threshold for uplink
HTHRED GCELLPWR Control AMR signal strength
2(Optional) If the uplink received AMR signal level
is greater than this threshold, a power
decrease is computed. Then, the power
is decreased by the least of the power
decrease, maximum power adjustment
step allowed by the quality zone to
which the received signal quality
belongs, and "AMR MAX Down Adj. PC
Value by Qual.".
Power decrease = uplink received
signal level - ("AMR UL RX_LEV Upper
Threshold" + "AMR UL RX_LEV Lower
Threshold")/2
The maximum power adjustment step
allowed by the quality zone is chosen
from "AMR MAX Down Adj. Value
Qual. Zone 0", "AMR MAX Down Adj.
Value Qual. Zone 1", and "AMR MAX
Down Adj. Value Qual. Zone 2"
according to the quality zone.

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Default Value: 30
Unit: dB
AMRULSSL BSC6900 SET GBFD-115503 AMR Power Meaning: Lower threshold for uplink
THRED GCELLPWR Control AMR signal strength.
2(Optional) If the uplink received AMR signal level
is less than this threshold, a power
increase is computed. Then, the power
is increased by the least of the power
increase, "AMR MAX Up Adj. PC Value
by RX_LEV", and "AMR MAX Up Adj.
PC Value by Qual.".
Power increase = ("AMR UL RX_LEV
Upper Threshold" + "AMR UL RX_LEV
Lower Threshold")/2 - uplink received
signal level.
Default Value: 18
Unit: dB
DLLTFERL BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Lower voice quality threshold
OWTH GCELLCCA Coding associated with the automatic
MR(Optional) Rate adjustment of the AMR downlink
Threshold handover threshold. The value of this
Adaptive parameter must be smaller than or
Adjustment equal to the value of Downlink
Long-term FER Target.
Default Value: 2
Unit: None
DLLTFERT BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Target value of the voice
GT GCELLCCA Coding quality automatically adjusted through
MR(Optional) Rate the downlink threshold of AMR
Threshold handover
Adaptive GUI Value Range: 2~255
Adjustment
Default Value: 8
Unit: None
DLLTFERU BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Upper voice quality threshold
PTH GCELLCCA Coding associated with the automatic
MR(Optional) Rate adjustment of the AMR handover
Threshold downlink threshold.
Adaptive

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Adjustment GUI Value Range: 2~255
Default Value: 60
Unit: None
DLLTTHAD BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Factor of downlink threshold
JFA GCELLCCA Coding adjustment. It indicates the linear
MR(Optional) Rate relation between the threshold
Threshold adjustment value and the logarithmic
Adaptive FER.
Default Value: 40
Unit: None
EncodeMod BSC6900 SET GBFD-115711 EVAD Meaning: Whether to improve the voice
e TCPARA(Op quality of AMR and EFR services. If this
tional) switch is turned on, the downlink MOS
of AMR and EFR services is
significantly improved. This parameter
is used in A over TDM.
GUI Value Range:
STANDARD(Standard code mode),
ECODEC(Enhanced code mode)
Actual Value Range: STANDARD,
ECODEC
Default Value: STANDARD
Unit: None
LTFERLOW BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Lower voice quality threshold
TH GCELLCCA Coding associated with the automatic
MR(Optional) Rate adjustment of the AMR handover uplink
Threshold threshold;The value of this parameter
Adaptive must be smaller than or equal to the
Adjustment value of Uplink Long-term FER Target.
Default Value: 2
Unit: None
LTFERTGT BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Target voice quality value
GCELLCCA Coding associated with the automatic
MR(Optional) Rate adjustment of the uplink threshold of
Threshold AMR handover
Adjustment
Default Value: 8

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Unit: None
LTFERUPT BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Upper voice quality threshold
H GCELLCCA Coding associated with the automatic
MR(Optional) Rate adjustment of the AMR handover uplink
Threshold threshold
Adjustment
Default Value: 60
Unit: None
LTTHADJF BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Factor of uplink threshold
A GCELLCCA Coding adjustment. It indicates the linear
MR(Optional) Rate relation between the threshold
Threshold adjustment value and the logarithmic
Adaptive FER.
Default Value: 40
Unit: None
RATECTRL BSC6900 SET GBFD-115506 AMR Meaning: Switch for controlling the
SW GCELLCCA GBFD-115507 Coding AMR rate. Value ALG1 indicates that
MR(Optional) Rate C/I is used to control the AMR rate.
Threshold Value ALG2 indicates that BER is used
Adaptive to control the AMR rate.
Adjustment GUI Value Range: ALG1(Algorithm I),
WB AMR ALG2(Algorithm II), NONE(None)
Actual Value Range: ALG1, ALG2,
NONE
Default Value: ALG1
Unit: None
RLT BSC6900 SET GBFD-111004 Radio Meaning: Time for disconnecting a call
GCELLCCB Dedicated when the MS fails to decode the
ASIC(Option Channel SACCH. Once a dedicated channel is
al) Manageme assigned to the MS, the counter S is
nt enabled and the initial value is set to
this parameter value.
Each time an SACCH message is not
decoded, the counter S decreases by
1. Each time an SACCH message is
correctly decoded, the counter S
increases by 2. When the counter S is
equal to 0, the downlink radio link is
considered as failed. Therefore, when
the voice or data quality is degraded to
an unacceptable situation and it cannot
be improved through power control or

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
channel handover, the connection is to
be re-established or released.
60_Times, 64_Times
Unit: 480ms
SERVICEM BSC6900 ADD GBFD-118601 Abis over Meaning: Service type of the BTS.
ODE BTS(Optiona IP TDM:Time Division Multiplex Mode;
l)
HDLC:High level Data Link Control
MOD Mode;
BTS(Optiona
l) HDLC_HubBTS:Hub Base Transceiver
Station Mode. This value is available
for versions earlier than current version
only. It is retained here for compatibility
concerns only;
IP:Internet Protocol Mode.
GUI Value Range: TDM, HDLC,
HDLC_HubBTS, IP
Actual Value Range: TDM, HDLC,
HubBTS, IP
Default Value: TDM
Unit: None
TCHBUSYT BSC6900 SET GBFD-111005 Enhanced Meaning: If the current channel seizure
HRES GCELLCHM Channel ratio reaches or exceeds this value, the
GAD(Option Assignment half-rate TCH is assigned
al) Algorithm preferentially; otherwise, the full-rate
TCH is assigned preferentially.
Default Value: 60
Unit: %
ULHYSTF1 BSC6900 SET GBFD-115501 AMR FR Meaning: Based on the RQI in the call
GCELLCCA measurement report, the BTS and MS
MR(Optional) automatically adjust the current speech
coding rate according to the related
algorithm. The coding rate adjustment
threshold is the threshold of RQI. The
RQI indicates the
carrier-to-interference ratio (CIR) of the
call. If RQI equals 1, the CIR is 0.5 dB;

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
if RQI equals 2, the CIR is 1 dB; and so
forth. Since there are multiple coding
rates in the ACS, there is an
adjustment threshold and an
adjustment hysteresis between the
neighboring coding rates.
Actual Value Range: 0~7.5
Default Value: 2
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 3
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 3

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Unit: 0.5dB
ULHYSTH1 BSC6900 SET GBFD-115502 AMR HR Meaning: Based on the RQI in the call
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 3
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 4
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Default Value: 15
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHF1 BSC6900 SET GBFD-115501 AMR FR Meaning: Based on the RQI in the call
GCELLCCA GBFD-115507 WB AMR measurement report, the BTS and MS
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 15
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Default Value: 19
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 28
Unit: 0.5dB
ULTHH1 BSC6900 SET GBFD-115502 AMR HR Meaning: Based on the RQI in the call
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 23
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the

GSM BSS
AMR 8 Parameters

ID Command Name
Default Value: 31
Unit: 0.5dB
RQI indicates the
Default Value: 63
Unit: 0.5dB
UMSFRSWI BSC6900 SET GBFD-115708 Um Meaning: Switch for Um interface
TCH GCELLCCB Interface speech frame repair. When this
ASIC(Option Speech parameter is set to ON, Um interface
al) Frame speech frame repair is enabled. When
Repairing this parameter is set to OFF, Um
interface speech frame repair is
disabled.
Default Value: NO
Unit: None

GSM BSS
AMR 9 Counters
9 Counters
Table 9-1 Counter description
Counter ID Counter Name Counter Description Feature ID Feature
Name
1278076514 CELL.ASS.CMP.SP A3111A:Cell Assignment Complete GBFD-115501 AMR FR
EECH.VER.3.DIREC Times of Speech Version 3 (Direct
T.RETRY.DR.TCHF Retry) (TCHF)
1278076515 CELL.ASS.CMP.SP A3112A:Cell Assignment Complete GBFD-115502 AMR HR
EECH.VER.3.DIREC Times of Speech Version 3 (Direct
T.RETRY.DR.TCHH Retry) (TCHH)
1278077528 CELL.INTRACELL.H H3099X:BSC Intra-cell Handover GBFD-115501 AMR FR
O.DETECT.SPEEC Detection Times (AMR) (TCHF)
H.VER.3.TCHF
1278077529 CELL.INTRACELL.H H3099Y:BSC Intra-cell Handover GBFD-115502 AMR HR
O.DETECT.SPEEC Detection Times (AMR) (TCHH)
H.VER.3.TCHH
1278080483 CELL.BSCTOBSC.I H3881A:Incoming External Inter-Cell GBFD-115501 AMR FR
NTO.CELL.HO.DET Handover Detection Messages
ECT.SPEECH.VER. Received by BSC (AMR) (TCHF)
3.TCHF
1278080484 CELL.BSCTOBSC.I H3882A:Incoming External Inter-Cell GBFD-115502 AMR HR
NTO.CELL.HO.DET Handover Detection Messages
ECT.SPEECH.VER. Received by BSC (AMR) (TCHH)
3.TCHH
1278095417 CELL.CALL.DROP. M0121A:Full Rate AMR Service GBFD-115501 AMR FR
AMRFR.CAll.FAIL Channel Call Drop Times
1278095418 CELL.CALL.DROP. M0121B:Half Rate AMR Service GBFD-115502 AMR HR
AMRHR.CAll.FAIL Channel Call Drop Times
1278095421 CELL.CALL.SPEEC A0401C:Supports Call Times of Full GBFD-110501 Call Control
H.VER.3.REQ.TCHF Rate Speech Version 3 GBFD-115501 AMR FR
1278095424 CELL.CALL.SPEEC A0402C:Supports Call Times of Half GBFD-115502 AMR HR
H.VER.3.REQ.TCH Rate Speech Version 3
H
1278095433 CELL.CALL.OCCUP A0409I:Full Rate AMR TCH GBFD-115501 AMR FR
Y.SUCC.TCHF.AMR Successful Call Occupancy Times
(Service Channel)
1278095434 CELL.CALL.HO.OC A0409J:Full Rate AMR TCH GBFD-115501 AMR FR
CUPY.SUCC.TCHF. Successful Handover Occupancy
AMR Times (Service Channel)
1278095436 CELL.CALL.OCCUP A0409L:Half Rate AMR TCH GBFD-115502 AMR HR
Y.SUCC.TCHH.AMR Successful Call Occupancy Times
(Service Channel)

GSM BSS
AMR 9 Counters
Counter ID Counter Name Counter Description Feature ID Feature

Name
1278095437 CELL.CALL.HO.OC A0409M:Half Rate AMR TCH GBFD-115502 AMR HR
CUPY.SUCC.TCHH. Successful Handover Occupancy
AMR Times (Service Channel)
1278095438 CELL.CALL.DROP. A0409N:Full Rate AMR Call Drop GBFD-115501 AMR FR
CALL.RATE.TCHF.A Rate
MR
1278095439 CELL.CALL.DROP. A0409P:Half Rate AMR Call Drop GBFD-115502 AMR HR
CALL.RATE.TCHH. Rate
AMR
1278271449 CELL.AMR.MS.PW AS3240A:Average MS Power Level of GBFD-115502 AMR HR
R.LEV.AVE AMR Call GBFD-115501 AMR FR
GBFD-115503 AMR
Power
Control
1278271450 CELL.AMR.BTS.PW AS3241A:Average BTS Power Level GBFD-115502 AMR HR
R.LEV.AVE of AMR Call GBFD-115501 AMR FR
GBFD-115503 AMR
Power
Control
1278473476 CELL.CHAN.BUSY. AR3551C:Traffic Volume on AMR GBFD-115501 AMR FR
NUM.TCHF.AMR.TR TCHFs
AF.AVE
1278473477 CELL.CHAN.BUSY. AR3552C:Traffic Volume on AMR GBFD-115502 AMR HR
NUM.TCHH.AMR.T TCHHs
RAF.AVE
1282423819 CELL.CHAN.BUSY. AR3559C:Traffic Volume on AMR GBFD-115501 AMR FR
NUM.TCHF.AMR.TR TCHFs (Overlaid Subcell) GBFD-113201 Concentric
AF.OVERLAY.AVE Cell
1282423822 CELL.CHAN.BUSY. AR3560C:Traffic Volume on AMR GBFD-115502 AMR HR
NUM.TCHH.AMR.T TCHHs (Overlaid Subcell) GBFD-113201 Concentric
RAF.OVERLAY.AVE Cell

GSM BSS
AMR 10 Glossary
10 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.

GSM BSS
AMR 11 Reference Documents
11 Reference Documents
[1] GSM 05.03: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Channel coding"
[2] GSM 05.09: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Link Adaptation"
[3] GSM 04.08: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile radio interface layer 3
specification"
[4] GSM 06.90: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
speech transcoding "
[5] GSM 06.91: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Substitution and muting of lost
frames for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) speech traffic channels "
[6] GSM 06.92: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Comfort noise aspects for
Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) speech traffic channels "
[7] GSM 06.93: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Discontinuous transmission
(DTX) for Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) speech traffic channels "
[8] GSM 06.94: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Voice Activity Detection (VAD)
for Adaptive Multi-Rate speech traffic channels "
[9] GSM 08.08: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Mobile-services Switching
Centre - Base Station System (MSC - BSS) interface; Layer 3 specification "
[10] GSM 08.58: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Base Station Controller - Base
Transceiver Station (BSC - BTS) interface; Layer 3 specification "
[11] GSM 08.60: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); In-band control of remote
transcoders and rate adaptors for full rate traffic channels "
[12] GSM 08.61: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); In band control of remote
transcoders and rate adaptors for half rate traffic channels "
[13] BSC6900 Feature List
[14] BSC6900 Optional Feature Description
[15] BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference
[16] BSC6900 GSM MML Command Reference
[17] BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference
[18] Power Control Feature Parameter Description
[19] Handover Feature Parameter Description


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AMR

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

4 Related Features .......................................................................................................................4-1

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

6.1.1 AMR FR and AMR HR .......................................................................................................... 6-1

7 Performance Optimization .....................................................................................................7-1

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

11 Reference Documents .........................................................................................................11-1

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

1.2 Intended Audience

1.3 Change History

Change Type Change Description Parameter Change

Feature change None None

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

Change Type Change Description Parameter Change

Change Type Change Description Parameter Change

Editorial None None

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-2

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2-1

Speech Channel DL CMI Channel UL Max CMC Speech

Speech Channel DL CMR Channel Speech

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-1

3.2 Speech Rate Adjustment

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-2

CODEC_MODE_1: indicates the CODEC_MODE_2: indicates the coding

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-3

Select the initial AMR

Enable AMR rate N

Y Filter value >

MS must use the AMR coding N

N MS must use the AMR coding

Adjust the coding

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-4

3.3 Rate Adjustment Threshold Adaptation

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-5

3.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

3.5 AMR Power Control

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-6

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-7

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 4-1

5 Impact on the Network

5.1.2 Impact on Network Performance

5.2.2 Impact on Network Performance

5.3 AMR Power Control

5.3.2 Impact on Network Performance

5.4 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 5-1

5.4.2 Impact on Network Performance

5.5 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

5.5.2 Impact on Network Performance

5.6 AMR Radio Link Timer

5.6.2 Impact on Network Performance

5.7 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

5.7.2 Impact on Network Performance

Issue 03 (2012-06-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 5-2

6.1.2 AMR Power Control

6.1.3 AMR Coding Rate Threshold Adaptive Adjustment

6.1.4 Um Interface Speech Frame Repairing

6.1.5 AMR Radio Link Timer

6.1.6 AMR FR/HR Dynamic Adjustment

6.2 Information to Be Collected