Prosper Work Step by Step - Hosam - May. 2021 - Part2

1- Matching Menu ─ VLP / IPR Matching (Quality check).
2. Correlation comparison:
─ When the prompt is shown for test point 1, select OK.
─ The measured data for test -1 will be automatically bought into this screen.
─ Click Calculate button to do the calculations & check for test -1.
─ Click Done and repeat the same for tests-2 & 3.
─ When click Done, this message will be displayed for tests-2.
─ Click OK to move to the next quality check screen for test-2.
─ Click Done and repeat the same for test-3.
─ When click Done, this message will be displayed for tests-3.
─ Click OK to move to the next quality check screen for test-3.
─ When finish all test, click Done to back to the VLP/IPR (Quality check) screen.
1- Matching Menu ─ VLP / IPR
Matching (Quality check).
3- Match VLP
3. Match VLP:
─ Before proceeding to this screen, an idea of the best correlation to use for
matching purposes should have been obtained by running a Correlation
Comparison calculation.
─ Note that matching the VLP is not a compulsory step.
─ The main purpose of the VLP/IPR matching methodology is to help to select
the most representative VLP correlation / model for the well.
─ This is something that is best done over time, where multiple test points can
be used to select the VLP correlation / model.
─ We would only recommend matching a VLP correlation / model if it is already
within 1% of the test point. This is to prevent deviations from future test points
due to over matching.
─ PROSPER VLP matching provides a logically consistent means to adjust flow
correlations to reproduce field measured pressures.
─ Combined with IPR matching, PROSPER provides the means to create a
robust well model that is capable of reproducing observed pressures & rates.
─ This is a necessary condition for making accurate performance predictions
and optimization studies.
3. Match VLP:
─ I will show description for the most famous VLP Correlation Applications.
─ Fancher Brown Correlation:

o It is a no-slip hold-up correlation that is provided for use as a quality
control.
o It gives the lowest possible value of VLP since it neglects gas/liquid slip it
should always predict a pressure, which is less than the measured value.
o Even if it gives a good match to the measured down hole pressures,
Fancher Brown should not be used for quantitative work.
o Measured data falling to the left of Fancher Brown on the correlation
comparison plot indicates a problem with fluid density (i.e., PVT) or field
pressure data.
o This is thus essentially, a correlation for quality control purposes.
3. Match VLP:
─ Hagedorn Brown Correlation:
o For oil wells, it performs well for slug flow at moderate to high production
rates but well loading is poorly predicted.
o Hagedorn Brown should not be used for condensates and whenever mist
flow is the main flow regime.
o Hagedorn Brown under predicts VLP at low rates and should not be used
for predicting minimum stable rates.
─ Duns and Ros Original Correlation:

o This correlation performs well in mist flow cases and may be used in high
GOR oil wells and condensate wells.
o In PROSPER the original Duns and Ros correlation has been enhanced
and optimized for use with condensates.
3. Match VLP:
─ Duns and Ros Modified Correlation:
o It was derived from the Duns and Ros Original correlation.
o The original correlation was modified by Petroleum Experts to
overestimate the pressure drop in oil wells for the slug flow regime.
o This correlation should not be used for calculating the pressure drop in
the wellbore or pipelines and hence should not be used for lift curve
generation too.
o This correlation should only be used for quality checking of the input well
test data.
─ Orkiszewski Correlation:
o It often gives a good match to measured data.
o However, its formulation includes a discontinuity in its calculation method.
o The discontinuity can cause instability during the pressure matching
process; therefore, its usage is not encouraged.
3. Match VLP:
─ Petroleum Experts Correlation:
o It combines the best features of existing correlations.
o It uses the Gould et al flow map and the Hagedorn Brown correlation in
slug flow, and Duns and Ros for mist flow.
o In the transition regime, a combination of slug and mist results is used so
is not recommended for use and instead it was replaced by Petroleum
Experts 2 Correlation.
─ Petroleum Experts 2 Correlation:

o Includes the features of the Petroleum Experts Correlation plus original
work on predicting low-rate VLPs & well stability.

o Includes the features of the Petroleum Experts 2 Correlation plus
original work for viscous and foamy oils.
3. Match VLP:
o It is an advanced mechanistic model for any angled wells (including
downhill flow) suitable for any fluid (including Retrograde Condensate).

o It is an advancement on the Petroleum Experts 4 Correlation
mechanistic model that showed some instabilities (just like other
mechanistic models) that limited its use across the board.
o Petroleum Experts 5 Correlation reduces the instabilities through a
calculation that does not use flow regime maps as a starting point.
o It is capable of modelling any fluid type over any well or pipe trajectory.
o This correlation accounts for fluid density changes for incline and decline
trajectories.
o The stability of the well can also be verified with the use of Petroleum
Experts 5 Correlation when calculating the gradient traverse, allowing
for liquid loading, slug frequency, etc. to be modelled.
3. Match VLP:
─ Petroleum Experts 5 (Extended) Correlation:
o An advanced mechanistic flow model that solves momentum balances for
stratified/annular/mist flow and slug flow in the same manner as
Petroleum Experts 5 Correlation.
o The same flow regime selection algorithm as Petroleum Experts 5
Correlation is used meaning that Petroleum Experts 5 Correlation
(Extended) calculates the flow regime as a result and does not use any
flow regime maps as a starting point.
o It takes the advantage of enhanced flow modelling research and
development performed in parallel to the transient functionality of GAP.
o Enhancements to the slug flow model and the calculation of
entrainment/deposition of liquid droplets and liquid film stability make
Petroleum Experts 5 (Extended) Correlation more stable at lower rates
and faster to converge than Petroleum Experts 5 Correlation.
3. Match VLP:
o Includes the features of the Petroleum Experts 3 Correlation plus
original work on the affects that water cut can have on a viscous oil.
─ Beggs and Brill Correlation:

o It is primarily a pipeline correlation. It generally over-predicts pressure
drops in vertical and deviated wells.
─ Hydro 2P Correlation:
o It is a mechanistic model and considers two phase flow (gas and liquid).
─ Hydro 3P Correlation:
o It is a mechanistic model and considers three phase flow (gas, oil &
water).
3. Match VLP:
─ Gray Correlation:
o It gives good results in gas wells for condensate ratios up to around 50
bbl/MMscf and high produced water ratios.
o Gray contains its own internal PVT model which over-rides PROSPERs
normal PVT calculations.
o The authors of this correlation caution its use for tubing greater than 3.5".
─ Note that there is no universal rule for selecting the best flow correlation for a
given application.
─ It is recommended that the Correlation Comparison always be carried out.
─ By inspecting the predicted flow regimes and pressure results, the User can
select the correlation that best models the physical situation.
3. Match VLP:
─ The closest correlation to all 3 test data points was found to be Petroleum
Experts 2.
─ This correlation will now be matched so that it re-creates each point exactly.
─ To do this computing the VLP match, in the main VLP/IPR (Quality check)
screen click Match VLP button to display the VLP matching screen.
3. Match VLP:
─ The displayed screen contains 5 sections.
1. Tubing correlation selection. 2. Test selection. 3. Test data for highlighted test
4. Matching Parameters for each correlation.
5. Plot showing the matched & unmatched pressure difference for each test.
3. Match VLP:
─ Select the correlations (in this example Petroleum Experts 2 gives best
matches for the 3 tests) & the tests to match (in this case, all 3 tests will be
used since all quality checked OK).
3. Match VLP:
─ Once the closest matching correlation has been found, a regression is carried
out to find the parameters required to match the test data.
─ Select Match to carry out the regression.
VLP/IPR Matching – VLP Matching
─ When the match using Petroleum Experts 2 correlation has been completed,
the match parameters are displayed in the right of the screen.
─ Parameter 1→ multiplier applied to the pressure drop correlation due to gravity
─ Parameter 2→ multiplier applied to the pressure drop correlation due to friction
─ If all the data is consistent, these two parameters (Parameter 1 & Parameter 2)
should be within a ±10% tolerance from the unity.
─ If PROSPER has to adjust Parameter 1 by more than +10%, then there is
probably an inconsistency between the fluid density predicted by the PVT model
and the field data (rates/pressures).
─ In cases in which the PVT has been correctly matched, the greatest source of
uncertainty in the VLP calculation for oil wells is usually the hold-up correlation.
─ PROSPER will attempt to make a gravity component (Parameter 1) match by
adjusting the hold-up correlation.
─ If a match is not obtained with a Parameter 1 more than 5% away from (1), the
density is adjusted.
─ For single phase applications, no hold-up correction is possible, so any
significant deviation from (1) for Parameter 1 indicate inconsistency in the PVT.
─ If Parameter 2 requires a large correction, then it is possible that the equipment
description is in error, or the flow rates are incorrect.
─ As the effect of a shift in the friction component on the overall pressure loss is
less than for the gravity term, a larger range in the value of Parameter 2 is
expected.
─ If scaling or some other build up occurs in the well to increase the roughness or
decrease the flowing radius, then this will also act to increase Parameter 2.
─ Once the matching process is complete, the match parameters will be shown
alongside each of the correlations that have been matched.
─ Use the standard deviations and the magnitude of corrections made to both
parameters to aid the selection of matched correlation.
─ Use the Correlation Comparison option of the Matching menu to compare
the optimized (matched) correlations with measured test data.
─ To ensure that the process has been successful, check that the matched VLP
traverses plot close to the measured pressure data points.
─ Centre of the screen shows both measured gauge pressure & calculated
pressures with the newly matched correlations for the first test in the selected
group of tests.
─ Correlation re-creates the gauge pressures very closely.
─ This can be visually confirmed using the plots at the bottom of the screen
which show the difference between the measured values & calculated values
both before & after matching the correlation.
─ Just click on the other tests from the below list to update its data in this screen.
─ PROSPER uses a non-linear regression to tune the VLP correlations to best
match the measured data.
─ It does this by calculating a pressure traverse using a correlation and
determining the error between measured and calculated pressures.
─ The gravity and friction terms of the pressure loss equations are then
adjusted, and the process repeated until the measured and calculated results
agree within 1 psi, or 50 iterations have been completed.
1- Matching Menu ─ VLP / IPR
Matching (Quality check).
4- VLP/IPR
4. VLP/IPR:
─ The IPR data must be present before commencing a VLP/IPR Match.
─ In order to match the IPR curve, the matching process should be completed
on the VLP.
─ This is because the results from the VLP calculation are used as the basis of
the IPR matching.
─ If the VLP results do not represent the reality of the system, then the matching
process will be based upon incorrect data and as such will itself be erroneous.
─ This feature allows the user to check the consistency of the flowing bottom
hole pressure data used in the VLP match and to adjust the IPR, if required, to
match measured data.
─ Inconsistencies in test data resulting from changing reservoir pressures, for
example, can be easily identified.
─ Now, the pressure & temperature profiles in the well have now been matched
to the test data.
─ The next step is to see where the VLP & IPR curves will intersect for the given
model.
VLP/IPR Matching – VLP & IPR Matching
4. VLP/IPR:
─ If the model is correct, they should intersect @ the same rate as was
measured during each test.
─ We have been told that based on other tests, we are confident that the IPR
curve is accurate for this well and so if the IPR and VLP curves do not
intersect at the correct rates we can use this information to estimate the
reservoir pressure at the time of the test.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ Once the VLP has been accurately matched, it can be used to ensure that the
IPR is also representative of the test.
─ To do this VLP/IPR matching process, in the main VLP/IPR (Quality check)
screen click VLP/IPR button.
─ Or can be accessed by go to PROSPER main menu → Matching →
Matching → VLP/IPR (quality check) → click VLP/IPR button.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ The displayed screen contains 5 sections.
1. Tubing correlation selection. 2. Test selection. 3. Test data for highlighted
correlation & test 4. Calculated data for the highlighted correlation and test.
5. Plot showing the VLP/IPR intersection for the highlighted correlation and test.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ Correlations & test points can either be selected (by clicking on the box next
to the name and a tick will appear) or highlighted (by clicking on the name of
the correlation or test point so that that name is highlighted by a blue/grey box).
4. VLP/IPR:
─ On the left-hand side of the screen, select all 3 tests (since quality checks
were ok for all tests) & also select the Petroleum Experts 2 correlation then
click Calculate.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ When the Calculate button is selected the following options become available
to allow the combinations of correlations and test points to be calculated.
─ In this window, select the first option (calculate selected correlation,
selected test). This allows the selected, highlighted or all of the correlations
and test points to be calculated.
─ Of course, you can select any of the other options.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ This is the calculation screen.
─ Once this calculation is completed, the system plots can be viewed by
selecting Plot from the top of the screen to check if the intersections match the
test rates.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ The plots shows two points, the square shows the operating point of the
model (the VLP/IPR intersection) while the cross shows the test rate on the
VLP curve.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ Measured data is the extrapolation of the gauge pressure using the selected
correlation. (It is not a direct measured value).
─ Calculated data is determined from the intersection between the VLP curve
and the IPR curve.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ For the model to calculate the same rate as the test, the square & cross
should overlap on the plot.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ The errors (%) between calculated & measured data are shown on the side
of the plot.
─ If the test points are not consistent with the IPR model, the skin, etc. can be
adjusted until a match is obtained.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ To modify the data of the IPR input screen, select IPR, which will access the
IPR input screen.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ This is the main IPR input screen,
─ Once modify the required input parameters in this screen to adjust the VLP/IPR
plot, click Done button to return to VLP/IPR calculations screen.
4. VLP/IPR:
─ It is possible to run a regression on the below parameters to find the required
to match the test point.
o PI (if the PI entry IPR model is being used).
o Or Skin (if the Skin Entered by Hand model is being used)
o Or Reservoir Pressure.
─ This can be done using the Adjust IPR option.
➢ Adjust IPR:
─ If the current IPR is found to be inconsistent when the VLP/IPR match is
carried out, then the Adjust IPR function can be used to automatically find the
values which allow a match.
─ This feature allows a regression to be performed on selected parameters,
which are available depending on the model set up.
─ The available parameters which can be matched are:
o Adjust PI (If the PI Entry IPR model is being used)
o Adjust Skin (If the Enter Skin by Hand or skin model is being used)
o Adjust Pres (Reservoir Pressure)
─ Selecting any option will find the mathematical solution which will allow the IPR
to match the test data by changing only the selected variable.
─ In reality, it may be a combination of factors which need to be adjusted and it is
up to the judgement of the engineer to decide which option best represents the
actual case.
➢ Adjust IPR:
─ The matched correlation will not be selected automatically so it is up to the
engineer to ensure the correct correlation is selected.
─ It is possible to match each test one at a time or select multiple tests to be
matched at the same time.
─ If multiple tests are matched, an average reservoir pressure will be calculated
which would imply that the tests were all carried out at the same pressure.
─ As the tests here in this example were carried out months apart, the reservoir
pressure is most likely different and so each test should be matched
individually.
─ Since the errors (%) between calculated & measured data was 10.17%, 8.5%
& 4.16% for test-1, test-2 & test-3 respectively then Adjust IPR will be done for
all the 3 tests to reduce this error (%).
➢ Adjust IPR:
─ Adjust IPR input screen can be accessed in the VLP/IPR matching main
screen.
─ Or by go to PROPSER main menu toolbar then select Matching in the main
menu → Matching → VLP/IPR (quality check) → select Adjust IPR.
─ This will bring up the 'Adjust IPR' screen input as shown in the next slide.
➢ Adjust IPR:
─ Since we selected the PI Entry for the IPR model, so there are only 3 buttons
for doing this calculations which are (Calculate, Adjust PI & Adjust Pres).
─ There will be additional button for Skin if any of the Skin model is selected.
➢ Adjust IPR:
─ Before performing the calculation, ensure that the desired matched
correlation (in this case Petroleum Experts 2) & the required tests to match
are selected.
To select the required test or

tests just can be done by either
selecting the test (clicking on the
box to the left of the name will
'tick' the box to indicate it has
been selected) or highlighting the
test (clicking the name of the test
will mark a grey box around it to
indicate it is highlighted).
➢ Adjust IPR ─ Calculate:
─ Click Calculate button only will run the model to calculate the current VLP/IPR
intersection point for the selected test or tests only.
Since the errors (%) between

calculated & measured data was
10.17%, 8.5% & 4.16% for test-1,
test-2 & test-3 respectively then
Adjust IPR will be done for all the
3 tests to reduce this error (%).
─ A prompt will appear asking which test is to be matched.
─ The selected tests should be matched by selecting (Calculate For All
SELECTED Tests) as shown below.
─ Click OK.
─ This is the current model calculations for all the selected 3 test without doing
any regressions to adjust either the PI or the reservoir pressure.
─ To check that both PI & reservoir pressure are the same, just click IPR data.
─ Click OK.
─ It will move directly to the main IPR screen and as you see that both the PI &
the reservoir pressure are the same without any change.
─ Just remember that the IPR main input screen can be accessed by selecting
System in the PROSPER main menu toolbar → Inflow Performance.
Just click Done to return

to the Adjust IPR screen
➢ Adjust IPR ─ Adjust PI:
─ if you click Adjust PI button, this will run the model to calculate and do the
regression to adjust the calculation for the selected test or tests.

10.17%, 8.5% & 4.16% for test-1,
─ Click OK.
─ When the match has been carried out, a new PI will be calculated without
changing the reservoir pressure.
─ This should be transferred to the VLP/IPR Match screen & the main IPR
screen by selecting the option (Update P.I (in the IPR section) With
Calculated Value).
─ Then click OK.
─ The program will show by default the updated calculation with the new
adjusted PI for the selected test (or for the first test in the selected group of
tests).
─ This is the updated calculation for test-1 with the new adjusted PI of 5.56
STB/day/psi (just remember it was 5 STB/day/psi in the main IPR input
screen).
─ To see the updated calculation for test-2, just click on test-2 then the screen
will be updated with the new adjusted PI of 5.3 STB/day/psi for test-2 (just
remember it was 5 STB/day/psi in the main IPR input screen).
Just click test-2

update the
calculation for
test-2
will be updated with the new adjusted PI of 4.8 STB/day/psi for test-3 (just
remember it was 5 STB/day/psi in the main IPR input screen).
Just click test-3

update the
calculation for
test-3
─ To check that new calculated average PI for all the selected tests is updated in
the main IPR screen, just click IPR data.
─ Click OK.
─ This is the updated IPR screen with the new adjusted average PI of 5.22
STB/day/psi for all the 3 selected tests.
─ This is the mathematical average PI of the calculated PI for the 3 tests
which equal to (5.56 + 5.3 + 4.8) / 3 = 5.22 STB/day/psi
─ Note that, only the PI changed while the reservoir pressure is the same.

─ Just remember that the new average PI was 5 STB/day/psi in the main IPR
input screen after Adjust IPR.
─ Then click Done to return to the main VLP/IPR Matching screen that contain
the Adjust IPR input & the tests to see the calculated PI @ the time of the
selected test.
─ After the desired adjustment calculation is performed, the chart can be viewed
by selecting Chart.
─ This show the new adjusted PI for each selected test since they are
performed @ different dates (16/03/2011, 21/05/2011 & 07/10/2011).
─ Click Done to return

to the main Adjust
IPR input screen.
─ Now all required adjustment for the PI was done and updated on the IPR input
section with the new adjusted average PI for each selected test
─ Now we can see the effect of this new PI on the VLP/IPR match.
─ First, got to the VLP / IPR Matching (Quality check) main menu and select →
Match VLP → then in the displayed window → click Calculate to do the
calculations again with the same selected case Petroleum Experts 2
correlation model.
─ This is the Match VLP after update the calculations.
─ Paramter1 (0.95666), Parameter2 (0.95519) & Standard Deviation (1.40959)
values are improved compared to before Adjust PI (was 0.94571, 0.92405 &
0.19585 respectively).
─ To see the effect of this new PI on the VLP/IPR match.
─ Just got to the VLP / IPR Matching (Quality check) main menus and select →
VLP/IPR → then in the displayed window → click Match to do the calculations
again with the same selected case Petroleum Experts 2 correlation model.
─ Select (Calculate SELECTED Correlations, SELECTED Tests)
─ This is the updated VLP/IPR match after updated the new calculations & Adjust
PI.
─ You can see the improvement in the errors (%) between the calculated &
measured data are shown on the side of the plot.
─ Just to comparison purpose, this is the old VLP/IPR with the old values before
Adjust PI.
➢ Adjust IPR ─ Adjust Pres:
─ if you click Adjust Pres button, this will run the model to calculate and do the
regression to adjust the calculation for the selected test or tests only.

10.17%, 8.5% & 4.16% for test-1,
─ Click OK.
─ When the match has been carried out, a new Reservoir Pressure will be
calculated without changing the PI.
─ This should be transferred to the VLP/IPR Match screen & the main IPR
screen by selecting the option (Update Reservoir Pressure (in both
sections).
─ Then click OK.
Program will show by default the updated calculation with the new adjusted Reservoir
Pressure for the selected test (or for the first test in the selected group of tests).
─ This is the updated calculation for test-1 with the new adjusted reservoir
pressure of 4207 psi (it was 4000 psi in the main IPR input screen).
will be updated with the new adjusted reservoir pressure of 4132 psi (it was
4000 psi in the main IPR input screen).
Just click test-2

update the
calculation for
test-2
will be updated with the new adjusted reservoir pressure of 4035 psi (it was
4000 psi in the main IPR input screen).
Just click test-3

update the
calculation for
test-3
─ To check that new calculated average reservoir pressure for all the selected
tests is updated in the main IPR screen, just click IPR data.
─ Click OK.
─ This is the updated IPR screen with the new adjusted average reservoir
pressure of 4125 psi for all the 3 selected tests.
─ This is the mathematical average PI of the calculated PI for the 3 tests
which equal to (4207 + 4132 + 4035) / 3 = 4125 STB/day/psi
─ Note that, only the reservoir pressure changed while the PI is the same.

─ After the desired adjustment calculation is performed, the chart can be viewed
by selecting Chart.
─ This show the new adjusted reservoir pressure for each selected test since
they are performed @ different dates (16/03/2011, 21/05/2011 & 07/10/2011).
─ Just note that the

changes done only
for pressure.
─ The value of the PI
is the same with the
last adjusted
average value of
5.22 STB/day/psi.
─ Click Done to return
to the main Adjust
IPR input screen.
─ Just remember that the new average PI was 5.22 STB/day/psi in the main IPR
input screen after Adjust IPR for PI only.
─ Then click Done to return to the main VLP/IPR Matching screen that contain
the Adjust IPR input & the tests to see the calculated reservoir pressure @
the time of the selected test or tests.
─ Now you can see that table below is updated reservoir pressure for all tests is
updated with the new average reservoir pressure of 4125 psi after Adjust Pres.
─ Now all required adjustment for the reservoir pressure was done and updated
on the IPR input section with the new adjusted average reservoir pressure
for each selected test
─ Now we can see the effect of this new reservoir pressure on the VLP/IPR
match.
─ First, got to the VLP / IPR Matching (Quality check) main menu and select →
Match VLP → then in the displayed window → click Match to do the
correlation model.
─ This is the Match VLP after update the calculations.
─ Paramter1 (0.95666), Parameter2 (0.95519) & Standard Deviation (1.40959)
values are the same compared to before Adjust pres (same value after Adjust
for PI).
─ To see the effect of this new reservoir pressure on the VLP/IPR match.
─ Just got to the VLP / IPR Matching (Quality check) main menus and select →
VLP/IPR → then in the displayed window → click Calculate to do the
correlation model.
─ Select (Calculate SELECTED Correlations, SELECTED Tests)
─ This is the updated VLP/IPR match after updated the new calculations & Adjust
Pres.
─ You can see the increase in the errors (%) between the calculated & measured
data specially for tests-2 & 3 as shown on the side of the plot.
─ Just to comparison purpose, this is the old VLP/IPR with the old values after
Adjust PI but before Adjust Pres.
─ Just to comparison purpose, this is the old VLP/IPR with the old values before
Adjust PI.
─ Since Adjust PI give much better errors (%) between the calculated & measured
data specially for tests-2 & 3 as shown on the VLP/IPR plots after Adjust PI &
Adjust Pres. so I will use that Adjust PI only and ignore the Adjust Pres.
─ This completes the VLP/IPR matching process as the model is now recreating
the test results measured in the field. Select Main from the top of the plot to
return to the main PROSPER screen.
2- Matching Menu ─ Gradient
Matching.
2- Matching Menu ─ Gradient Matching.
Gradient (Traverse) Matching.
─ Gradient (Traverse) Matching feature (accessed via the Matching →
Matching → Gradient traverse) was designed for matching multiple real
gauge measurements at different depths in the wellbore at the same time @
the same given rate. By another words, this Gradient Matching feature
should be used only if for a given rate more than one measurement is
available along the production string.
─ While VLP/IPR Matching methodology (accessed via the Matching →
Matching → (VLP/IPR) Quality Check → click correlation comparison) has
been designed to select and match (if necessary) the flow correlations/models
to a gauge pressure measurement at a single depth over time.
─ Therefore, whilst the interface for both correlation comparison & Gradient
traverse might look similar, but the objectives are different and as such
different algorithms are used based on their intended design.
─ It is worth mentioning that if measure data is available at a single depth, best
results are usually obtained by using the preferred option (VLP Matching
Quality Check → correlation comparison).
─ Gradient Matching should only be considered when multiple reliable pressure
vs depth data points are available.
─ In addition to that, the Gradient (Traverse) option has the dropdown menu @
the bottom of the screen that contain the different model correlation to select
the desired for you to do the Correlation comparison (this is not available in
(VLP/IPR) Quality Check → correlation comparison).
─ So as a summary before start discussion always note that if a single reading
is available, the VLP/IPR Matching option should be used only without
using this Gradient Matching option.
─ Best results are usually obtained by using VLP matching. VLP matching
is the preferred option.
─ Gradient (Traverse) matching is only to be considered where many
(reliable) pressure Vs depth data points are available and for specialized
artificial lift applications.
─ Now let's see the Gradient (Traverse) matching option.
─ The concept of this section of the Gradient (Traverse matching process is to
find which correlations give the closest match to the test point before the
matching regression is carried out.
─ Existing correlations can be modified using non-linear regression to best fit a
gradient survey (i.e., several pressure readings taken @ different depths
down the well bore).
─ Comparison of the fit parameters will identify which correlation required the
least adjustment to match the measured data.
─ This should be used only if for a given rate more than one measurement is
available along the production string.
─ This Gradient Matching facility enables the user to modify the existing
correlations to fit to a measured pressure gradient survey.
─ It can also be used, as a quality control to identify which correlation required
the least adjustment to obtain a fit.
─ To do this, and to accesses the Gradient Matching screen → go to PROSPER
main menu toolbar → Matching → Matching → Gradient (Traverse).
─ At the bottom left corner of the displayed screen, the correlations to be used in
the comparison can be selected.
Gradient Matching.
─ Select several different correlations (based on the experience of the field and
fluid etc.) from the bottom left-hand corner of the correlation comparison
screen.
─ Once the correlations have been selected, select calculate to run the
comparison.
─ Then click the Match button on the main toolbar to perform the gradient
calculation for each of the selected correlations.
─ Selecting Plot will allow the user to see how close specific correlations are to
the test point.
─ The 'Gradient Matching' screen is split into three different sections:
1. This section of the screen is used to insert the test data & to select the
correlations to be matched.
This is the first node pressure to be entered in the Input

Data section - Do NOT include it in the Measured Data table
Note that the deepest Md entered in this column should

NOT be more than the deepest MD point defined in the
directional survey in the equipment section
• Parameter 1 is the correction factor applied to the gravity

component of pressure drop.
• Parameter 2 is the factor applied to the frictional element
of pressure drop.
2. The middle section is used to report the results of the gradient
calculation using the selected correlation.
3. This section of the screen displays a plot of the pressure & temperature
gradient of the selected correlation.
─ Assume that during test-1, there were 3 BHFP measurements @ different
depths as summarized below.
Test Date (DD/MM/YYY) 16/03/2011 Gauge Gauge

Depth (ft) Pressure (psig)
Comment Test-1
Tubing Head Pressure (psig) 230 4500 1020
Tubing Head Temperature (oF) 144 6250 1322.6

Water Cut (%) 0
8700 1800
Liquid Rate (STB/day) 9784
Gauge Depth (ft) 6250
Gauge Pressure (psig) 1322.6 This is the first node

Reservoir Pressure (psig) 4000
pressure to be entered in the
Input Data section - Do NOT
Gas Oil Ratio (scf/STB) 800 include it in the Measured
GOR Free (scf/STB) 0
Data table.
─ Load the required data in the Input Data screen & select the correlations to be
matched by clicking on them as shown below (in this example I used
Petroleum Expert 2 & Petroleum Expert 3 correlations). Then click Match.
Note that the match algorithm

continues until the standard error
is less than 1 psi, or 50 iterations
have been performed.
─ This is the results of the match.
─ The adjusted correlation and measured pressures can be visually compared
by clicking Plot.
These are the

downhole pressure
measurement points
to check their match
with the selected
correlations

Prosper Work Step by Step - Hosam - May. 2021 - Part2

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Prosper Work Step by Step - Hosam - May. 2021 - Part2

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1- Matching Menu ─ VLP / IPR Matching (Quality check).

─ Fancher Brown Correlation:

─ Duns and Ros Original Correlation:

─ Petroleum Experts 2 Correlation:

─ Petroleum Experts 3 Correlation:

─ Petroleum Experts 5 Correlation:

─ Beggs and Brill Correlation:

To select the required test or

Since the errors (%) between

Just click Done to return

Since the errors (%) between

Just click test-2

Just click test-3

Just click Done to return

─ Click Done to return

Since the errors (%) between

Just click test-2

Just click test-3

Just click Done to return

─ Just note that the

This is the first node pressure to be entered in the Input

Note that the deepest Md entered in this column should

• Parameter 1 is the correction factor applied to the gravity

Test Date (DD/MM/YYY) 16/03/2011 Gauge Gauge

Tubing Head Temperature (oF) 144 6250 1322.6

Gauge Depth (ft) 6250

Gauge Pressure (psig) 1322.6 This is the first node

Note that the match algorithm

These are the

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