Dalagan, AJ V.

STEM – 11

Activity No.3 - Definition (3rd Performance Task)

Methods Examples
By stating its For the most part, vaccines consist of an agent that resembles a
characteristics disease-causing microorganism. This agent came from weakened or
killed forms of the microbe itself or either its protein or toxin. The
agent stimulates our immune system to recognize the agent as a
threat, teaching the body to destroy any microorganisms associated
with that agent that it may encounter in the future.
By Function Many life-threatening diseases—such as tetanus, diphtheria,
mumps, measles, whooping cough (cough), meningitis, and polio,
which may infect the human body exist. Therefore, a vaccine that
can stimulate the immune system to build immunity against specific
diseases has been created, thereby protecting everyone from
getting sick. The most common method of vaccination is through
needle injection, but people can use oral or nasal sprays likewise.
By what it is Although a vaccine contains a pathogen, its function is not similar to
not one because vaccines do not cause diseases and illnesses, unlike
pathogens.
By what it is The term vaccine could be similarly called interchangeably as
similar to immunization because both words mean a substance that protects
and prevents our body from acquiring any disease.
By examples There are four types of vaccines currently being produced and
distributed throughout the world. The first type is the live-
attenuated vaccine that uses the living however weakened form of
the microbes. Existing vaccines such as the measles, mumps, and
rubella (MMR) vaccine and varicella (chickenpox) vaccine are among
the examples that fall under the live-attenuated vaccine. Another
classification is the killed or inactivated vaccine, which does not use
the microbe itself but rather the antigen it contains. This type of
vaccine could prevent diseases such as hepatitis a, whooping cough,
and rabies. Thirdly is the toxoid vaccine. Much as the former, the
toxoid vaccine does not use the pathogen directly but the toxins or
chemicals it creates. Specific examples of toxoid vaccines include
vaccinations against diphtheria and tetanus. The fourth type of
vaccine is called the biosynthetic vaccine. Instead of using the
microbe itself or its parts, this type of vaccine uses the synthetic
version of a bacteria or virus. The hepatitis B vaccine is one of the
known biosynthetic vaccines used by people.
By origin of In 1799, a British general practitioner, Dr. Edward Jenner, coined
word or the term vaccine. The word came from the Latin word vaccinus, a
etymology combination of two words vacca, meaning cow, and -inus, which
means 'of or derived from.'
By its effect The main effect of vaccines is to help the body prevent diseases.
However, getting vaccination comes with side effects such as
tiredness, achiness, light-headedness, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea,
and fever. These bodily reactions should not be a cause of concern
because it solely shows that the vaccine is working, and your body
is building its protection.