CHAPTER : 3 EFFECTS OF

EXERCISE ON HUMAN
BODY.
Topic : 4 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.
By: Mr.Abishek. 30/April/2020.
What is the circulatory system ?
The body system responsible for carrying blood,
nutrients, and waste throughout the body is called
circulatory system.

Organ of circulatory system

Your circulatory system is made up of several parts,
including your:

Heart : This muscular organ works to pump blood

throughout your body via an intricate network of blood
vessels.

Arteries : These thick-walled blood vessels carry oxygenated

blood away from your heart.

Veins : These blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood back

toward your heart.

Capillaries. : These tiny blood vessels facilitate the exchange

of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between your circulatory
system and your organs and tissues.

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Functions of circulatory system.
There are three different types of circulation that occur
regularly in the body:

Pulmonary circulation: This part of the cycle carries

oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and
back to the heart.

Systemic circulation: This is the part that carries

oxygenated blood away from the heart and to other parts of
the body.

Coronary circulation: This type of circulation provides the

heart with oxygenated blood so it can function properly.

Heart structure and functions.

The human heart is a four-chambered muscular organ,
shaped and sized roughly like a man's closed fist with two-
thirds of the mass to the left of midline.

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The heart is enclosed in a pericardial sac that is lined with
the parietal layers of a serous membrane. The visceral layer
of the serous membrane forms the epicardium.

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 Functions of heart.
The heart performs the following important functions:
1. The primary function of the heart is to pump blood
throughout the body.

2. It supplies oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and

removes carbon dioxide and wastes from the blood.

3. It also helps to maintain adequate blood pressure

throughout the body.

4. The arteries receive oxygenated blood from the heart

and supply it throughout the body. Whereas, the
veins carry the deoxygenated blood form all the body
parts to the heart for oxygenation.

5. The right atrium receives blood from the veins and

pumps it to the right ventricle.

6. The right ventricle pumps the blood received from

the right atrium to the lungs.

7. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the

lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.

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8. The left ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood
throughout the body.

Effects of exercises on cardiovascular

system.

1. Increase In Stroke Volume (Sv);

2. Increase In Heart Rate (Hr);

3. Increase In Cardiac Output (Q);

4. Increase In Blood Pressure (Bp)

5. Cardiac Hypertrophy;

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 6. Decrease In Resting Heart Rate (Hr);

7. Increase In Maximum Cardiac Output (Q);

8. Capillarisation At The Lungs And Muscles;

9. Increase In Number Of Red Blood Cells;

10. Increased Size And Strength Of The Heart;

11. Drop In Resting Blood Pressure Due To More

Elastic Muscular Wall Of Veins And Arteries