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KAREN’S PRIMARY SCHOOL, PATNA

SESSION 2021 – 22
STD 4
SCIENCE NOTES (Chapter 12)
The solar System
Concept Map

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Definition:
1. Moon – an object that moves around a planet.
2. Axis – The imaginary line on which the earth rotates.
3. Orbit – The fixed path of a planet.
Answer the following questions:
Q1. What is the solar system?
Answer: The sun and the objects that move around it, as the planets and their moons form the
solar system.
Q2. List the outer plants and the inner plants.
Answer: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the outer plants.
Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are the inner plants.
Q3. What is the difference between rotation and revolution?
Answer: The earth revolves around the sun in its orbit. It is called revolution. Earth spines like a
top. This movement is called rotation.
Q4. Which two parts the equator divides the earth into?
Answer: The equator divides the earth into Northern and Southern Hemisphere.
Q5. What are the two poles of the Earth called?
Answer: The two poles of the earth are called North Pole and South Pole.
Q6. Explain how day and night occur.
Answer: The rotation of the earth causes day and night. Only one half of the Earth, which is facing
the sun, is lit at one time. The other half which is away from the sun is in darkness. As the Earth
rotates, different places move in and out of sunlight. This causes day and night.

Give Reasons:
1. The season in the Northern Hemisphere can never be the same as the seasons in the southern
Hemisphere because the axis of the earth is tilted at an angle causing one hemisphere to face
towards the sun and the other away from the sun.

Diagram 1: Rotation of the Earth