Title

Large Strain Consolidation

By: Murray Fredlund
SoilVision Systems Ltd.
2109 McKinnon Ave. S, Saskatoon, Sask., S7J 1N3
Voice: (306) 477-3324
Fax: (306) 955-4575
Email: info@soilvision.com

Features:
Handles large deformations during consolidation
Varying boundary conditions
1-Dimensional

Page 1
 Help

HELP
General Rules for spreadsheet are as follows:
Colors are significant
Yellow means the user can modify
Do not modify non-yellow cells
Other colors are for marking areas so if sheet is changed, colors must not be disturbed
Press New Problem or Current Problem button
Enter values for yellow cells and proceed through sheets by pressing Next
Press the Generate and Apply buttons where available
On the Control sheet:
Press Initial button to initialize values
Press Start and then Iterate to get the problem iterating
Press Stop to stop the iteration process
Various buttons can be pressed on the control sheet to view results
If model has problems converging, check initial conditions to see if they are reasonable
Tolerance, Iterations, and Beta values can be modified to best fit problem

Curve fitting of experimental data and examination of equations can be done in spreadsheet CURVEFIT.XLS

Page 2
 Nodes

Node Generation
The number of nodes to be used in the solution must be input. A greater number of nodes will
yield a more accurate solution but will slow computations. A minimum of 11 nodes and a maximum of 680 nodes are allowed.
Stresses are calculated at the nodes while soil properties are based on the space between the nodes.

20 : Number of Nodes

Valid number of nodes

1
Elements are regions between nodes
2

Page 3
 Nodes

odes are allowed.

Page 4
 Height

Height
Enter the node spacings of the current section. Node spacings from previous sections
can be imported. Heights are measured from a datum with positive 'y' values
in the 'up' direction.

Old Heights Height

Node # (m) (m)
20 9.60 0.505263 : Node spacing in new material (m)
19 9.09
18 8.59
17 8.08
16 7.58
15 7.07 20 : Expected # of nodes
14 6.57 20 : Actual # of nodes
13 6.06 OK
12 5.56
11 5.05
10 4.55
9 4.04
8 3.54
7 3.03
6 2.53
5 2.02
4 1.52
3 1.01
2 0.51
1 0.00

Page 5
 SG

Specific Gravity
Enter Specific Gravities for the soil solids at each node. Use 'fill down' to eliminate repetition.

Node # Height (m) S.G.

20 9.60
19 9.09 2.82
18 8.59 2.82
17 8.08 2.82 20 : Expected # of nodes
16 7.58 2.82 20 : Actual # of nodes
15 7.07 2.82 OK
14 6.57 2.82
13 6.06 2.82
12 5.56 2.82
11 5.05 2.82
10 4.55 2.82
9 4.04 2.82
8 3.54 2.82
7 3.03 2.82
6 2.53 2.82
5 2.02 2.82
4 1.52 2.82
3 1.01 2.82
2 0.51 2.82
1 0.00 2.82

Page 6
 Weights

Initial Unit Weights

Initial total unit weights of soils must be input. Values can be cut and pasted from previous problem. Used as a guess.

Height Unit Weight Total Stress

Node # (m) (kN/m^3) (kPa)
20 9.60 9.81 9.81 : Initial load on surface (kPa)
19 9.09 10.94 15.34 1.00 : Equivalent meters of water head
18 8.59 10.94 20.87
17 8.08 10.94 26.39
16 7.58 10.94 31.92
15 7.07 10.94 37.45
14 6.57 10.94 42.98 20 : Expected # of nodes
13 6.06 10.94 48.50 20 : Actual # of nodes
12 5.56 10.94 54.03 OK
11 5.05 10.94 59.56
10 4.55 10.94 65.09 9.81 : Unit Weight of Water (kN/m^3)
9 4.04 10.94 70.61 9.81 : Acceleration of Gravity (m/s^2)
8 3.54 10.94 76.14
7 3.03 10.94 81.67
6 2.53 10.94 87.20
5 2.02 10.94 92.72
4 1.52 10.94 98.25
3 1.01 10.94 103.78
2 0.51 10.94 109.31
1 0.00 10.94 114.83

Page 7
Weights

Page 8
 PWProfile

Pore-Water Pressures
This defines the initial pore-water pressure distribution. Pore-water pressure distributions can be loaded
from previous problems by the 'import' function. All added weight from new layer is assumed carried by the pore-water pressure.

Previous Added New

Height PWP's PWP's PWP's
Node # (m) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa)
20 9.60 9.81 9.81
19 9.09 15.34 15.34
18 8.59 20.87 20.87
17 8.08 26.39 26.39 20 : Expected # of nodes
16 7.58 31.92 31.92 20 : Actual # of nodes
15 7.07 37.45 37.45 OK
14 6.57 42.98 42.98
13 6.06 48.50 48.50 114.83 : Maximum pore-water pressure (for calculations)
12 5.56 54.03 54.03
11 5.05 59.56 59.56
10 4.55 65.09 65.09 Note: Use 'Clear Contents' to eliminate previous pore-water pressures
9 4.04 70.61 70.61
8 3.54 76.14 76.14
7 3.03 81.67 81.67
6 2.53 87.20 87.20
5 2.02 92.72 92.72
4 1.52 98.25 98.25
3 1.01 103.78 103.78
2 0.51 109.31 109.31
1 0.00 114.83 114.83

Page 9
 PWProfile

ore-water pressure.

e (for calculations)

evious pore-water pressures

Page 10
 Compression

Compressive Properties
In large strain consolidation the soil will compress as water flows out of the soil and the pore-water pressures dissipate.
This compression is commonly related to a change ineffective stress. The method used by this program is a function describing
how the void ratio changes with a change in effective stress. This plot can be obtained from a standard consolidation test.
The definition of this function to a great degree controls the ability of the program to converge so care must be taken
to ensure that the function is continuous and has a reasonable slope at all expected effective stress values. Swelling is
restricted from taking place. Outside max and min the slope of the function is assumed zero.

function example: y=2*x^2-5*x-6

Function in x and y Derivative of e vs. Mini- Effective Midpoint

Node Height describing void ratio vs. eff. stress function mum Maxi- Stress Eff. Stress Void
# (m) effective stress in x and y x mum x (kPa) (kPa) Ratio
20 9.60 0.00
19 9.09 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
18 8.59 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
17 8.08 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
16 7.58 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
15 7.07 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
14 6.57 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
13 6.06 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
12 5.56 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
11 5.05 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
10 4.55 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
9 4.04 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
8 3.54 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
7 3.03 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
6 2.53 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
5 2.02 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
4 1.52 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
3 1.01 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
2 0.51 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80
1 0.00 y=7.72*x^(-0.22) y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) 0.0519 500 0.00 0.00 14.80

Page 11
 Compression

ures dissipate.
s a function describing
onsolidation test.

y=7.72*x^(y=1.6984*x 0.06 500

Unit
av in terms Weight
of de/dStress (kN/m^3)

62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94 20 : Expected # of nodes
62.74 10.94 20 : Actual # of nodes
62.74 10.94 OK
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94
62.74 10.94

Page 12
 PermF

Permeability Function
As the soil compresses, the channell allowing the water to flow squeezes off and the permeability decreases.
The program handles this by a function which is input as permeability vs. void ratio.

Height Void Permeability

Node # (m) Permeability Function (in x and y) Ratio (m/s)
20 9.60
19 9.09 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
18 8.59 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
17 8.08 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
16 7.58 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07 20 : Expected # of nodes
15 7.07 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07 20 : Actual # of nodes
14 6.57 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07 OK
13 6.06 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
12 5.56 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
11 5.05 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
10 4.55 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
9 4.04 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
8 3.54 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
7 3.03 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
6 2.53 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
5 2.02 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
4 1.52 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
3 1.01 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
2 0.51 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07
1 0.00 y=(0.2532e-6)*x^4.65/84600 14.80 8.28E-07

Page 13
 PermF

: Expected # of nodes
: Actual # of nodes

Page 14
 Boundaries

Boundary Conditions
The boundary conditions for the top and bottom of the soil layer must be specified.

Top Boundary

Pressure head = constant 1.00 : Pressure head (m)

Bottom Boundary

flux = zero 2.00 : Ignored

20 : Expected # of nodes
20 : Actual # of nodes
OK

Page 15
 Boundaries

Pressure head = constant

flux = zero
1

Pressure head = constant

flux = zero
2

Page 16
 Control

Control
The control of variables while the problem is being solved can be accomplished on this page. Only change yellow cells.

years days Err:523 Height (m)

Err:523 s Actual Time Increment

Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 s Current Time (calc)
1,000.66 ### 31,556,926,000 s Maximum Time (input)

3.00% Err:523 Maximum change in unit weight

3.00% 0.00% Maximum change in height
3.00% 0.00% Maximum change in void ratio
3.00% 0.00% Maximum change in pore-water head
2 Err:523 Iterations to allow correct height prediction. This is to correct for the way Excel does cal
4 Err:523 Times to iterate once new pore-water pressures have been calculated
Err:523 Err:523 Switches to update current time and PWP (calc)
Err:523 Max Beta; don't know max value for this. Determine by experimentation.
200 Minimum Beta
1,000 Beta Increment
500,000 Maximum Beta
View Graphing

Note: The 'Esc' key must be hit twice after pressing the 'Start' b

Page 17
 Control

Checks:
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK

rrect for the way Excel does calculations (Suggest = 2)

experimentation.

twice after pressing the 'Start' button.

Page 18
 575381431.xls

Calculations years days

Project - Numerical Methods
100% Saturation Err:523 s Actual Time Increment
Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 s Current Time (calc)
Basic Idea:Yellow - user input 1,000.66 ### ### s Maximum Time (input)
Green - Input: controls soil properties
Purple - special cell (just a marker) 3.00% Err:523 Maximum change in unit weight
Blue - special cell (just a marker) 3.00% 0.00% Maximum change in height
3.00% 0.00% Maximum change in void ratio
3.00% 0.00% Maximum change in pore-water head
2 Err:523 Iterations to allow correct height prediction. This is to correct for the way Excel does calculations(Suggest = 2)
4 Err:523 Times to iterate once new pore-water pressures have been calculated
Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Switches to update current time and PWP (calc)
Seed Number : 2 1 = use initial properties Err:523 Max Beta; don't know max value for this. Determine by experimentation.
2 = use calculated new properties; iterate 200 Minimum Beta
1,000 Beta Increment
500,000 Maximum Beta

Min =
Starting Properties Estimate changes New Pore-Water Pressure
Node Initial Initial Element St. Total Pore-water Pore-water Effective Midpoint Max. Eff. Void Height of Element Unit Weight Change in Change in Starting Permeability Pore-water
Numbers Head Thickness Stress Head Pressure Stress Eff. Stress Stress Ratio Nodes Thickness Total Stress Height Head k av Head Beta
(m) (m) (kPa) (m) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) e (m) (m) (kN/m^3) (kPa) (m) (m) (m/s) (1/kPa) (m)
seed seed (h-z)pw.g Pt-uw max ever seed estimate estimate changes input function -de Finite Check
reached w/increment dP' Difference

20 10.60 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 5.198 1.47E-07 5.198
19 10.66 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.358 Err:523 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 1.47E-07 3.4237 Err:523 Err:523
18 10.72 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.289 11.787 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 4.82E-08 1.4983 Err:523 Err:523
17 10.77 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.262 11.987 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 2.90E-08 0.9303 Err:523 Err:523
16 10.83 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.246 12.127 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 2.09E-08 0.6661 Err:523 Err:523
15 10.89 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.235 12.234 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 1.63E-08 0.5153 Err:523 Err:523
14 10.95 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.227 12.323 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 1.35E-08 0.4184 Err:523 Err:523
13 11.01 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.221 12.398 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 1.15E-08 0.3510 Err:523 Err:523
12 11.07 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.215 12.464 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 1.00E-08 0.3014 Err:523 Err:523
11 11.12 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.210 12.523 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 8.89E-09 0.2634 Err:523 Err:523
10 11.18 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.206 12.576 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 7.98E-09 0.2333 Err:523 Err:523
9 11.24 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.203 12.625 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 7.24E-09 0.2088 Err:523 Err:523
8 11.30 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.200 12.671 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 6.62E-09 0.1884 Err:523 Err:523
7 11.36 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.197 12.714 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 6.10E-09 0.1712 Err:523 Err:523
6 11.41 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.194 12.755 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 5.64E-09 0.1565 Err:523 Err:523
5 11.47 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.191 12.794 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 5.24E-09 0.1436 Err:523 Err:523
4 11.53 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.189 12.832 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 4.89E-09 0.1324 Err:523 Err:523
3 11.59 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.187 12.868 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 4.57E-09 0.1224 Err:523 Err:523
2 11.65 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.185 12.903 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 4.28E-09 0.1136 Err:523 Err:523
1 11.71 0.51 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.183 12.938 -0.001 Err:523 4.03E-09 0.1056 Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 4.03E-09

Page 19
 575381431.xls

Err:523
New Properties After Change in Pore-Water Pressure Actual Changes in Properties
Max. Change in Change New New New New New New New Midpoint Max New Actual Actual Actual Actual Volume Change in Change in Change in Change in
Time Effective Void Ratio Void Ratio Thickness Height Unit Weight Pore-water Total Effective Effective Effective Void Change in Change in change change Change PWH Void Ratio Height Unit Weight
Increment Stress e e (m) (m) (kN/m^3) Pressure Stress Stress Stress Stress Ratio Total Height in e in eff.str. (m^3) (%) (%) (%)
(s) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa) (m) de * dh
(1+eo)

4.1978 9.811 9.811 0.00 0.000 Err:523 0.00% 0.00%

Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.3583 Err:523 Err:523 13.333 Err:523 0.56 0.28 0.28 10.2034 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Err:523
810,831 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 11.79 16.192 Err:523 1.11 0.84 0.84 8.03119 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
554,487 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 11.99 18.805 Err:523 1.64 1.37 1.37 7.19987 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
422,428 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.13 21.278 Err:523 2.15 1.90 1.90 6.70654 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
341,995 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.23 23.654 Err:523 2.66 2.41 2.41 6.364 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
287,775 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.32 25.959 Err:523 3.15 2.91 2.91 6.10516 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
248,639 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.40 28.206 Err:523 3.64 3.40 3.40 5.89872 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
218,960 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.46 30.403 Err:523 4.13 3.88 3.88 5.72769 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
195,591 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.52 32.557 Err:523 4.61 4.37 4.37 5.58189 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
176,642 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.58 34.671 Err:523 5.09 4.85 4.85 5.45478 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
160,908 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.63 36.746 Err:523 5.57 5.33 5.33 5.34194 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
147,588 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.67 38.786 Err:523 6.06 5.82 5.82 5.24026 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
136,132 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.71 40.790 Err:523 6.56 6.31 6.31 5.14751 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
126,145 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.76 42.759 Err:523 7.06 6.81 6.81 5.06201 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
117,343 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.79 44.694 Err:523 7.57 7.32 7.32 4.98251 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
109,512 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.83 46.595 Err:523 8.10 7.84 7.83 4.90806 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
102,491 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.87 48.461 Err:523 8.63 8.37 8.36 4.8379 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
96,155 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 12.90 50.293 Err:523 9.18 8.91 8.91 4.77146 Err:523 0.000 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
90,406 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.0000 12.94 52.091 61.838 9.75 9.47 9.46 4.70829 -0.001 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 Err:523 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Err:523 max 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Err:523

Page 20
 Record_Ht

Record of Height vs. Time

This sheet records the height of consolidation layer with time.

Time (s) Height (m) Count = Err:523 Err:523 OK

0 9.60 Magnify = 15
Err:523 Err:523 # Points = 200
Err:523 Err:523 Actual Points = 200 OK
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523 Height vs. Time
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523 12.00
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523 10.00
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
8.00
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Height (m)

Err:523 Err:523 6.00

Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523 4.00
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
2.00
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523 0.00
Err:523 Err:523 0 1 1
Err:523 Err:523 Time (seconds)
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
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Page 21
 Record_Ht

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Page 22
 Record_Ht

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 Record_Ht

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 Record_Ht

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Page 25
 Record_Ht

Time

Page 26
 Total

Total Stress vs. Height

12.00

10.00

8.00
Height (m)

Final
6.00 Initial

4.00

2.00

0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00

Total Stress (kPa)

Page 27
 Head

Head vs. Height

12.00

10.00

8.00
Height (m)

Final
6.00 Initial

4.00

2.00

0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00

Head (m)

Page 28
 PWP

Pore-Water Pressure vs. Height

12.00

10.00

8.00
Height (m)

Final
6.00 Initial

4.00

2.00

0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00

PWP (kPa)

Page 29
 Effective

Effective Stress vs. Height

12.00

10.00

8.00
Height (m)

Final
6.00 Initial

4.00

2.00

0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00

Effective Stress (kPa)

Page 30
 Unit Weight

Unit Weight vs. Height

10.00

9.00

8.00

7.00

6.00
Height (m)

Initial
5.00 Final

4.00

3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00

Unit Weight (kN/m^3)

Page 31
 e

Void Ratio vs. Height

10.00

9.00

8.00

7.00

6.00
Height (m)

Final
5.00 Initial

4.00

3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00

Void Ratio

Page 32
 Permeability

Permeability vs. Height

12.000

10.000

8.000
Height (m)

6.000

4.000

2.000

0.000
0.1000 1.0000 10.0000

Permeability (m/s)

Page 33
 Equations

Model Equation
This sheet is for checking the performance of an equation. The derivative will also be used to predict the
slope and estimate the same curve. Input the equation using lowercase x and y's with y being to the left of the
equals sign as in the example equation shown.
Node: 3
Input Equation: y=7.72*x^(-0.22) x-range minimum: 0.0519
(ie. y=6*x^3-2*x+7) maximum: 2
Derivative of equation: y=1.6984*x^(-1.22) No. of increments: 50
see CURVEFIT.XLS for complete function analysis

Predicted
x-values y-values Slope y Plot of Data
0.06 14.335869 52.56485 14.33587 16
0.098962 12.841455 28.54752 12.75572
0.137924 11.937037 19.04054 11.82866 14
0.176886 11.301205 14.05575 11.18391
0.215848 10.816948 11.02502 10.69531 12
0.25481 10.429168 9.004423 10.30511
0.293772 10.107762 7.569502 9.982238 10
Void Ratio, e

0.332734 9.8345823 6.502516 9.708101

0.371696 9.5978944 5.680816 9.470758 8

0.410658 9.3896983 5.030302 9.262094

6
0.44962 9.2043106 4.503688 9.076363
0.488582 9.0375572 4.069455 8.909349
4
0.527544 8.8862881 3.705821 8.757879
0.566506 8.7480712 3.397273 8.619504 2
0.605468 8.6209919 3.132483 8.492298
0.64443 8.503518 2.90299 8.374721 0
0.683392 8.3944051 2.702357 8.265523 0 0.5 1 1.5
Effective Stress (kPa)
0.722354 8.2926299 2.525602 8.163677
0.761316 8.1973412 2.368813 8.068329
0.800278 8.1078239 2.228877 7.978761
0.83924 8.023472 2.103289 7.894366
0.878202 7.9437676 1.990008 7.814625
0.917164 7.8682647 1.88736 7.73909
0.956126 7.796577 1.793955 7.667374
0.995088 7.7283676 1.708634 7.59914
1.03405 7.6633412 1.630419 7.534092
1.073012 7.6012373 1.558484 7.471969
1.111974 7.5418255 1.492123 7.41254
1.150936 7.4849007 1.43073 7.3556
1.189898 7.4302796 1.373783 7.300965
1.22886 7.3777982 1.32083 7.248472
1.267822 7.3273085 1.271478 7.197971
1.306784 7.2786773 1.225382 7.14933
1.345746 7.2317835 1.182238 7.102427
1.384708 7.1865176 1.141781 7.057152

Page 34
 Equations

1.42367 7.1427796 1.103775 7.013407

1.462632 7.100478 1.06801 6.971098
1.501594 7.0595293 1.034299 6.930143
1.540556 7.0198568 1.002475 6.890465
1.579518 6.9813899 0.972389 6.851992
1.61848 6.9440635 0.943907 6.814661
1.657442 6.9078177 0.916907 6.778411
1.696404 6.8725967 0.89128 6.743185
1.735366 6.838349 0.866928 6.708934
1.774328 6.8050268 0.843759 6.675608
1.81329 6.7725856 0.821694 6.643163
1.852252 6.7409838 0.800656 6.611558
1.891214 6.7101828 0.780578 6.580754
1.930176 6.6801464 0.761398 6.550715
1.969138 6.6508407 0.743059 6.521407
2.0081 6.6222341 0.725507 6.492797

Page 35
 Equations

Stress in soil above node

Eff. Stress e
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lot of Data

Calc.
Predicted
Node Point

1.5 2 2.5
ress (kPa)

Page 36