FORMULAS IN THERMODYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFERRED FOR

ABE

Mass and Weight

F W
m= a = g

Specific Volume and Specific Gravity or Relative Density

V ρ
v= m , SG = ρH 2 O
, ρH 2O=1000kg/m3

Density and Specific Weight

w mg
γ=V = m/ ρ = ρg

Pressure
F
P = A, where; F = mg, A = Vh but V = m/ ρ

A = mh/ ρ, P = ρg , Pgauge = ρh

Pabs = Patm + Pgauge → Pabs is > Patm

Pabs = Patm – Pvac → Pabs is < Patm

Temperature
9 5
°F = (°C) + 32 °C = (°F – 32)
5 9
°R = °F + 460 °K = °C +273
°R = 1.8°K
 Conservation of Energy
Potential Energy Kinetic Energy
1 2 1
PE = mgz, ∆PE = mg (z – z ) KE = = mv , ∆KE = m (v22 -
2 2
2 1

v21)
1
pe = gz, a unit mass basis ke = (v22 - v21), a unit mass basis
2

Internal Energy Specific Internal Energy

U
∆U = Q – W u=
m
Total Energy of the System
E = U + KE + PE

e = u + ke + pe, a unit mass basis