The Invention of Penicillin

During the First World War, a British Army doctor, Dr Alexander Fleming, looked for
ways to treat infections caused by dangerous bacteria entering soldiers’ wounds. Antiseptics
were considered useless because not only would they kill bacteria, but also destroy the
body cells.

Years of research brought Dr Fleming very little success, until something happened in
September 1928. This was the moment of the discovery of the penicillin, one of today’s
antibiotics.

His discovery was made by accident when an open dish of seaweed with bacteria,
which had sat overnight on a laboratory table, had partly changed the color of the next
morning. After an examination under the microscope, it was clear that some mold had
entered it. Interesting enough, the bacteria had all been killed by some substance that the
mold had produced. This was what we now know as penicillin.

With the help of Dr Howard W. Florey and Dr Ernest B. Chain, penicillin was then
produced on a large scale, enabling doctors to cure millions of people all over the world.
Subsequently, Dr Fleming was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1945 for the discovery.
Taken from: Pathway to English Chapter 8

A. Answer the following questions by referring to the text about Dr Fleming!

1. What is the purpose of the text?
To retell past even about the invention of penicillin
2. What happened in September 1928?
That was the moment of the discovery of the penicillin, we call it now antibiotics.
3. Who produced penicillin on a large scale?
Dr Howard W. Florey and Dr Ernest B. Chain
4. What happened in 1945?
Dr Fleming was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1945 for the discovery
5. Why Dr Fleming considered discovering penicillin?
Dr Alexander Fleming looked for ways to treat infections caused by dangerous
bacteria entering soldiers’ wounds. Antiseptics were considered useless because not
only would they kill bacteria, but also destroy the body cells.

Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 12, 1809. He
came from a wealthy family and never had to work. He studied medicine and theology. In
1831 he graduated from University of Cambridge with a degree of theology.
 He began a career as a scientist quite by chance. On December 27, 1831, 22 years
old Charles Darwin joined the crew of the HMS Beagle as a naturalist. The five years
expedition collected hydrographic, geologic, and meteorological data from South America
and many other regions around the world. Darwin's own observation on this voyage led to
his theory of natural selection.

Charles Darwin was greatly influenced by the geologist Adam Sedgwick and
naturalist John Henslow in his development of the theory of natural selection, which was to
become the foundation concept supporting the theory of evolution. Darwin's theory holds
that environmental effects lead to varying degrees of reproductive success in individuals and
groups of organisms. Natural selection tended to promote adaptation in organisms when
necessary for survival. This revolutionary theory was published in 1859 in Darwin's now
famous On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.
Taken from: https://englishahkam.blogspot.com/2013/10/recount-text-contoh-soal-dan-jawaban.html

B. Match the sentences on the left side with the sentences on the right side!
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution a. environment affected natural election
believed that.... b. people could defend themselves naturally
c. natural selection tend to adapt organism
to survive

How was Darwin's theory of natural a. Affected by groups of organisms.

selection developed? b. Influenced by John Henslow and Adam
Sedgwick.
c. Adapted by the necessary for survival.

The famous Darwin theory was published a. the success of his observation supported
based on.... by geologist and naturalist
b. the influence of organisms adaptation in
survival living
c. his expedition and natural observation
data a scientist

C. Re-arrange the jumbled sentences into a good and meaningful paragraph!

2 Therefore, in the spring of 1945, fifty nations sent their representatives to a
conference in San Fransisco, USA, to establish the United Nations Organization for
peace.
3 Those delegates signed the United Nations Charter on June 26, 1945.
5 After considering sites, the UN decided to build its headquarters in New York City
beside the East River, which then officially opened on January 9, 1951.
4 In December 1945, the United States requested that the UN build its headquarters
in the US.
1 World War II had caused millions of casualties and countless people suffering from
hunger, poverty, and disease.
D. Think of any other options of the recount text type. It can be historical event,
biography, and prominent figure. Write the type in a circle. Write down important
information about the occasion. Use the following checklist to help write your
composition! (It should be more than 200 words)
Title What title is appropriate for my composition?
Orientation What historical event am I talking about?
Have I stated the background?
Have I mentioned the settings and the characters clearly?
Events Have I told the chronology in a good order?
Have I used simple past tense correctly?
Have I used the time connectives and time conjunctions appropriately?
Have I used the appropriate vocabulary?
Re-orientation Did I include my impressions or opinions in the text by using adjectives to
describe the historical event?

Here the example of the brainstorming.

Education,
Work,
Son, Daughter, Wife, Achievements

Birth of Date, Place

.........

Albert Einstein