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MUSIC
Quarter II – Week 3
Musical Instruments of
Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan,
and Visayas

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Music – Grade 7
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Quarter II – Week 2: Musical Instruments of Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan, and Visayas
First Edition, 2020

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Name: Grade & Section:

Lesson 1
Musical Instruments of Cordillera,
Mindoro, Palawan, and Visayas
MELC: Identifies the musical instruments and other sound sources from Cordillera,
Mindoro, Palawan and of the Visayas (MU7LV-IIa-f-2)

Objectives: 1. Describe the musical instruments of Cordillera, Mindoro, Palawan, and

Visayas
2. Classify the musical instruments using Hornbostel-Sachs classification

Let’s Explore and Discover

How do musical instruments contribute to significant and

meaningful performance of the people of Cordillera, Mindoro, Unlocking of
Palawan and Visayas? Difficulties
Musical Instruments of Cordillera • Instrument – a
Music of Cordillera is distinctively made up of two sound device used to
characteristics of instruments based on their respective materials. produce music.

1. Metal Instruments – gongs

• Hornbostel-Sachs
One of the common instrumental music is the Gangsa Classification-
ensemble. It consists of five to six flat gongs played in standing (Aerophones,
position or bending position. Chordophone,
Idiophones,
Membranophone)

Gongs (Idiophone)
Illustrated by: Lawrence F. Correa

a. Gangsa Toppaya- gongs played by striking with the palm while rested on the lap.
b. Gangsa Palook- gongs are struck or beaten with wooden mallets while held by the
left hand. This is usually played by men.
2. Bamboo Instruments – woodwind and percussion instruments.
a. Bungkaka or Bilbil – played by striking against the palm of one hand.
b. Tongali – a nose flute played with the extreme forward edge of the right or left
nostril.

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 c. Tongatong – are bamboo tubes played by stomping each against the ground.
d. Ulibaw – a mouth-resonated bamboo instrument played with a flexible tongue
fixed at one end to a surrounding frame.
e. Patteteg – bamboo of different sizes for varied timbre that is split in half and is
struck by wooden stick while rested on the lap.

Bungkaka (Idiophone) Tongatong (Idiophone) Ulibaw (Aerophone)

Illustrated by: Lawrence F. Correa

Musical Instruments of Mindoro

The musical instruments of Mindoro are used during festivals, rituals, courtship and
daily activities of the Mangyan.
1. Kudyapi – is a lute with long neck, and has two strings that run from the neck to
the base of a resonating chamber.
2. Gitgit (lute) – an instrument with 3 to 4 strings with a wooden body and human
hair for the bow.
3. Kalutang – a pair of equal-sized wood struck together.

Musical Instruments of Palawan

The musical instruments of Palawan are made up of bamboo, wood, strings, and
metal. Some instruments came from other places near Palawan.

Basal- is a gong ensemble consists of set of one

or two big gongs, agung and a pair of small
ringed gongs, sanang and drum called gimbal.

Illustrated by: Lawrence F. Correa

Musical Instruments of Visayas

The different ensembles with their respective sounds reflect not only the enthusiastic
musical involvement of the Visayan People but also their sentiments, way of life, and
interactions with their environment and other people.
The following are well-known ensembles that can be found in the Visayas:
1. Rondalla- is a string ensemble which originated in Spain. It is a group of string
instruments played with a pick or plectrum. Rondalla was introduced by Spaniards during
the Spanish period. It came from the Spanish word ronda which means “serenade”. There
are many Filipino musicians who were able to organize in rondalla ensembles and one of
them was Juan Silos, Jr., the “Father of Rondalla”.

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Rondalla Instruments

Instrument Description

Bandurria is a 14-string instrument with

Bandurria 16 frets and shorter neck.

Laud Came from Spanish word which

means “lute”. It is a plectrum-plucked
Laud chordophone that has 12 strings in pairs,
similar to the bandurria, but with a long
neck.

Octavina has a shorter neck compared to

the guitar, with 14 strings and 16 frets.
Octavina The instrument is played like the laud,
the lower notes in accompaniments and in
unison with the bass notes.

Guitar is popular musical instrument

classified as a chordophone instrument
having 6 strings. It is typically played by
Guitar strumming or plucking the strings. It
plays the rhythm or beat of the musical
piece.

The largest among the instruments in

most stringed ensembles as evident by its
thick string, large body and low tones. The
Bajo de Arco number of strings varies from the
standard 4-stringed to the rare 6-stringed,
and can have pitches three octaves lower
than middle octave.

2. Tultogan – is a bamboo and drum ensemble. Long time ago, the bamboos were used by
the natives for communication. To produce sound, the body of the bamboo is struck with
sticks.

3. Binanog – is a gong, drum, wooden percussion ensemble. It is used to accompany a

dance movement imitating the flight of a hawk.

(Source: Lourdes R. Siobal, et al., Music and Arts Grade 7- Learner’s Material, Pasig City: DepEd –
BLR 2017. 61-76)

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 Let’s Practice
What Am I
Directions: Identify the following instruments by writing their names on the spaces
provided and classify each using the Hornbostel-Sachs classification. Choose your answer
in the box below.

Hornbostel-Sachs
No. Instruments Name of Instrument Classification

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Options:

Bungkaka
Aerophones
Gong
Chordophone
Laud
Idiophones
Tongali
Membranophone
Tongatong

Reflective Question: Do you agree that accompaniment instrument make music alive?
Why?

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 Let’s Do More

Directions: Classify the following instruments accordingly. Write your answer in the
column where it belongs.

Bajo de Arco Bandurria Drum Gong Octavina

Rondalla Binanog

Reflective Question:
What do think the world will be like without music?

Let’s Sum It Up

Directions: Read and understand each sentence carefully. Write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect.

__________1. The musical instruments of Mindoro are used during festivals, rituals,
courtship and daily activities of the Mangyan.

__________2. Basal is a gong ensemble consisting of set of one or two small gongs.

__________3. Juan Silos, Jr. is known as the “Father of Rondalla”.

__________4. Tultogan is a dance that features the movement of an eagle/hawk.

__________5. Cordillera is known for its best and unique bamboo musical instruments
that is played during ceremonies, rituals, and celebrations.

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 Let’s Assess
Directions: Read and understand the sentences carefully. Write the letter of the best
answer on the blank before the number.

______1. What is the largest rondalla instrument?

A. Bajo de Arco C. Laud
B. Guitar D. Octavina

______2. Which is NOT a bamboo musical instrument?

A. Bungkaka C. Patteteg
B. Kalutang D. Ulibaw

______3. What rondalla instrument has a shorter neck with 14 strings and 16 frets?
A. Bandurria C. Laud
B. Bajo de Arco D. Octavina

______4. What musical instrument of Mindoro has 3 to 4 strings with a wooden body and
human hair for the bow?
A. Gitgit C. Kudyapi
B. Kalutang D. None of these

______5. Which of the following is a Palawan ensemble with one or two big gongs (Agung),
a pair of small ringed gongs (Sanang) and drum (Gimbal)?
A. Bagit C. Binanog
B. Basal D. Tultogan

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 Answer Key

Let’s Practice

Name of Instruments Hornbostel-Sachs

classification
Tongatong Idiophone
Gong Idiophone
Laud Chordophone
Ulibaw Aerophone
Bungkaka Idiophone

Let’s Do More

Rondalla Binanog
Bandurria Gong
Octavina Drum
Bajo de Arco

Let’s Sum It Up

1. True 2. False 3. True 4. False 5. True

Let’s Assess
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B

References
Book
Siobal, Lourdes R., Ma. Honeylet A. Capulong, Ledda G. Rosenberger, Jeff Foreene M.
Santos, Jenny C. Mendoza, Cherry Joy P. Samoy, Rabboni C. Roxas. and Johanna
Samantha T. Aldeguer-Roxas. Music and Arts Grade 7 - Learner’s Material. Pasig City:
Department of Education-Bureau of Learning Resources, 2017.

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