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Mathematics
Learning Activity Sheet
Quarter 3 – MELC 9
Illustrating Mutually Exclusive Events

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

Mathematics 10 Learning Activity Sheet No. 9
Illustrating Mutually Exclusive Events
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

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Development Team of Activity Sheet

Writers: Jenny Anne L. Gange

Angeline Joy F.
Jarangue
Illustrator: Jenny Anne L. Gange
Editors: Enrequita Rivera
Ma. Elena E. Ecle
Layout Artist: Felizardo S. Valdez
III
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Aclan Arthur J.
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Introductory Message
Welcome to Mathematics 10!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts

of the Schools Division of Guimaras and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western
Visayas through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division
(CLMD). This is developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers,
parents and responsible adults) in helping the learners meet the standards
set by the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials

aimed to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and
time using the contextualized resources in the community. This will also
assist the learners in acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and
attitudes for productivity and employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Mathematics 10 Learning Activity Sheet will help you facilitate

the teaching-learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning
Competency (MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you
and learner. This will be made available to the learners with the
references/links to ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Mathematics 10 Learning Activity Sheet is developed to help

you continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material
provides you with meaningful and engaging activities for independent
learning. Being an active learner, carefully read and understand the
instructions then perform the activities and answer the assessments. This
will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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 Quarter 3, Week 9

Learning Activity Sheet (LAS) No. 9

Name of Learner: Grade and Section:

School: Date:

I. Learning Competency with Code

Illustrate mutually exclusive events (M10SP-III-i-1)

II. Background Information for Learners

This lesson will help you understand the concepts and the
differences between mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive
events.
Events are said to be mutually exclusive if they cannot occur
at the same time or simultaneously. The mutually exclusive events are
also called Disjoint Events. Thus, events A and B are disjoint or
mutually exclusive if they don’t have a common outcome. Mutually
exclusive events cannot happen together. The intersection of A and B
is an empty or null set “ ∅”. The probability that both events will
happen together is equal to zero and the probability that either A and
B occur event may happen is the sum of the probabilities of the events
A and B.

If A and B are mutually exclusive events, then

P (A or B) = P(A)+P(B)

A B

Venn Diagram

On the other hand, the events that can happen at the same time or
they have at least one outcome in common are not mutually
exclusive events. Events that are not mutually exclusive have a
common region as shown in the Venn Diagram below.

A
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 If A and B are not mutually exclusive events, then the probability of
‘A union B’ is the sum of the probability of A and probability of B
minus the probability of A intersection B, represented as:

P (A or B) =P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)

Note the symbols:

 “or” is ∪ (the “Union” symbol)
 “and” is ∩ (the “intersection” symbol)

Study the examples below to give you clearer understanding on

how to illustrate mutually exclusive and not mutually exclusive events.

Mutually Exclusive Events

Example: Find the probability of rolling a die showing a number 1 or

number 4.
Rolling a die and getting a 1 or 4 that are mutually exclusive events.

These are mutually exclusive events because 1 or 4 can never

happen together as outcomes.

Solution:
Let: Event A: Roll a die and get a “1”.
Event B: Roll a die and get a “4”.

A) Using Venn Diagram

U A B
6 2
1 4 3
5

Since getting a 1 or 4 in rolling a die cannot happen together.

B) It’s impossible to roll a 1 and a 4 together.

The events are written:
P(A∩B) or P(A and B) = 0
(A∩B), A intersection B is ∅ or { }
n(A∩B), cardinality of (A∩B) = 0

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 The probability that either A or B occurs:
1
The probability that you get a “1”, P(A), is .
6
[Since only one (1) number “1” in a die with six (6) possible
outcomes]
1
The probability that you get a “4”, P(B) , is .
6
[Since only one (1) number “4” in a die with six (6) possible
outcomes]

Since, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

1 1
We have P(A) ; P(B) =
= 6 6

Then, P(A or B) 1 1
6+ 6
=

P(A or B) 2 1
= or
6 3

Not Mutually Exclusive Events

Example: Find the probability of getting an even number or a 4 in rolling

a die.

Getting an even number or a 4 in rolling a die would mean getting

2, 4 or 6. Four (4) is an even number. These events are not
mutually exclusive because they have a common outcome which is
4.

Solution:

Let: Event A: Roll a die and get an even number.

The events of getting an even number (A) = {2,4,6}
Event B: Roll a die and get a “4”.

A) Using Venn Diagram

U A B
5 2 1
64
3
6
 Between the events A and B the common outcome is 4.

B) It’s possible that an even number which are {2, 4 and 6} and
event getting 4 in rolling a die happen together.

(A∩B), A intersection B is {4}

n(A∩B), cardinality of (A∩B) = 1
The probability that either A or B occurs:

The probability that you get an even number (A) = {2,4,6},

3 1
P(B) = or .
6 2

[Since the total even number in a die with six (6) possible
outcomes is 3]
1
The probability that you get a “4”, P(A) = .
6

[Since only one (1) number “4” in a die with six (6) possible
outcomes]

The total number of outcomes common to even number and

number 4 is 1.

The probability of getting an even number and of getting a

1
number 4 = P (A ∩ B), is .
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To find the Probability of A union B, P (A or B)
Since, P (A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)
1 1 1
We have P(A) = ; P(B) = ; P(A ∩ B) =
6 2 6
1 +1- 1
Then, P(A or B) =
6 2 6
1
P (A or B) =
2

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III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and
Educational Sites
Melvin M. Callanta, et.al., 2015. Mathematics 10
Learner’s Module, First Edition, Rex Book Store, Inc.,
pages 336-337

IV. Activity Proper

Activity 1

A. Identify whether the two events A and B in the following situations

happen at the same time. If yes, write Mutually Exclusive and if no
write Not Mutually Exclusive on your answer sheet.

1) Event A: toss a coin and get “heads”.

Event B: toss a coin and get “tails”.

2) Event A: roll a dice and get a “1”.

Event B: roll a dice and get a “6”.

3) Event A: roll a dice and get a “2”.

Event B: roll a dice and get an even number.

4) A card is drawn from a deck of standard playing cards.

Event A: A spade is drawn.
Event B: A heart is drawn.

5) A card is drawn from a deck of standard playing cards.

Event A: A heart is drawn.
Event B: A king is drawn.

B. Illustrate the following events using a venn diagram and solve the
probability.

1. A die is rolled. Let us define event A as the set of possible outcomes

where the number on the face of the die is even and event B as the
set of possible outcomes where the number on the face of the die is
less than 3.

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 2. Picking a red ball or a green ball from a basket with 4 red balls, 7
green balls, and 5 black balls. The red balls are marked with
number R1, R2, R3, and R4. The green balls marked with G1, G2,
G3, G4, G5, G6, and G7. The black balls marked with B1, B2, B3,
B4, and B5.

Activity 2

To summarize what you have learned in this lesson answer the

question below:

How do you illustrate mutually exclusive events? not mutually

exclusive events?

V. Reflection

In this lesson I learned that

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VI. Answer Key
Activity 1A.
Mutually Exclusive
Mutually Exclusive
Not Mutually Exclusive
Mutually Exclusive
Not Mutually Exclusive
Activity 1B. 1.
Venn Diagram

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6 21

B. a. Set (A∩B)
(A∩B) = {2}
b. Cardinality of (A∩B) n(A∩B) = 1

2.
A. Venn Diagram

R1 R2 G1 G2 G3
G4 G5
R3 R4
G6G7

B.a. Set (A∩B)

(A∩B) = ∅ or { } b.Cardinality of (A∩B)
n(A∩B) = 0
The probability that either A and B occurs

P(A)= 4 or 1 ; P(B)= 7
16416
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
= 1+ 7
416
= 4+7
16
P(A or B) = 11
16

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