Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UNIT 14 Careers in Fashion
UNIT 14 Careers in Fashion
14.0 Introduction
14.1 Objectives
14.2 Growth and Employment in Fashion Industry
14.3 Sourcing/Yarn
14.4 Fabric Manufacturer
14.5 Textile Design
14.6 Pattern maker
14.7 Fashion Designer
14.8 Fashion merchandising
14.9 Fashion Retail management
14.10 Fashion Forecasting
14.11 Self Entrepreneur
14.12 Fashion Journalism
14.13 Let Us Sum Up
14.14 Key to Check your Progress
14.0 INTRODUCTION
This is the last Unit of this programme as per layout of the programme structure, kept strategically
in the end so that by the time learner will acquire knowledge and skills required to perform certain
job as per need of the Fashion industry. It is pertinent that many of students who have joined this
programme may have thought of to join the world of work after completion of this programme;
some may go for further studies in Fashion Design or in allied discipline. One can choose their
pathway as per choice; there are lot of job opportunities available in this area.
From preceding units you may have understood different facets’ of fashion Design and agree to it
that it is a wide and dynamic sector starting from sourcing of yarn to the end user i.e. Consumer.
In this long journey, a piece of cloth passes through a different segment which are handled by a
professional and qualified people having technical skills and rich experiences to do the specified
job for making it a Garment or till it reaches to consumer. In this process to do certain job one
should have a set of Skill to finish the task as per laid down standard. Job refers to set of function
one is expected to perform in the given situation. This unit will attempt to answer questions
from three different perspectives. Firstly job opportunities available in Fashion design and allied
sector. Secondly job roles expected from candidate by Employer and lastly how to get you ready
14.1 OBJECTIVES
Textile and Fashion Industry is one of the major employment manufacturing sectors in India. It
constitutes to one third of total manufacturing job in 2011-12. Women are more employed in
Textile and garment Industry in comparison to men. The pace of growth of employment has
however gradually shift from Textile to Garment industry across the India especially in six states
Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, West Bengal and Punjab. Indian Textile and
Garment Industry are yet to harness its resources to compete with its neighbouring countries like
China, Bangladesh and Vietnam in terms of manufacturing, export and engagement of manpower.
(Employees Provident Fund) for both type of workforce (Direct and Contractual) will leverage this
industry to reach to its potential height. Growth of this industry may further be augmented by
supply of talented skilled work force having required Technical skills, Cognitive Skills and Soft
Skills.
The Apparels we get as a finished product in a store passes through numerous stages in
development process and at each stage many people play different role in shaping and adding value
to it. In the supply chain of apparels, Designer is in centre whose creative ideas are transformed
into reality with the help of different people who extends technical and financial support.
Individuals engaged for sourcing the raw material should have fair knowledge about cotton its
Raw
material
suppliers
Retailers Fabric
manufacturer
s
Garment Textile
construction manufacturer
s s
Fig 1: Supply chain of Apparels
A raw material supplier procures cotton or yarn from farm and supplies it to the Fabric
manufacturers. The strength and quality of yarn depends upon the quality of cotton and
consequently its affect to the Fabric therefore raw material suppliers should have knowledge about
cotton as well as Fabric standards. In India Cottons are mainly grown in western part of the country
consequently Fabric and yarn mills are also located in same area. Yarn or Fabric manufacturers
may engaged good number of qualified individuals for procurement of raw materials as a Sourcing
Assistant or Sourcing Manager and supply of cotton and yarn to the respective manufacturers.
• Knowhow of cotton
Initially individual can be engaged as a trainee in the sourcing firm and later on promoted as
Sourcing assistant. S/He after acquiring certain year of experiences on procurement of raw material
with good communication abilities and analyzing skills can be promoted as a Sourcing manager.
You are aware that fabric can either be sourced from natural resources (Plant) for e.g. Cotton,
(Animal) Silk or artificial resources for e.g. Nylon. Fabrics are further woven or knitted as per
demand of Fashion retailer or Designer. Fabric manufacturers basically produce sample fabric for
their customer as per fashion forecasting. Sample of Fabrics are displayed in their retail showroom
or through exhibition or through trade fair, once the sample is accepted it is sold to retail customer
explained here briefly to make you realise the job opportunities available at each level i.e. at the
time of sourcing the raw material of fabric then at the stage of weaving or knitting, colouring and
in the end fabric retailing. Fabric Technician plays a key role in Fabric manufacturing unit as
testing the Fabric in terms of its colour fastness and strength. They also ensure that sample fabric
Similarly fabric weaving and knitting personnel are engaged in development of fabric and
Fabric technician can begin his/ her career as a trainee or fabric assistant and later on progress as
a fabric technician who can spearhead in development of fabric. The next level in this career ladder
is Senior Fabric Technician or manager who generally manages a team of staff and supervises the
fabric development.
Textile design sector is a huge conglomerate of employment encompasses different type of job
like printing, knitting, embroidery, designing, colouring, forecasting etc. Textile designers are
unlike fashion designers as they won’t get much attention among public but they are employed by
companies which manufactured ready to wear garments, knitted wear like jersey.The designer
main job is to design as per requirement made by customer or by applying his/her own imagination.
One can take help of designing software like computer aided design (CAD) for designing purpose
or else on graph paper but primarily individual’s imagination and creativity pays. Once it is
accepted then it is passed on to card punchers. Similarly other technical personnel like weaver,
knitter, loom operator, checker, and machine operator, printing machine operator, fitter and many
A career route typically in Textile design begins with assistant designer followed by Textile
designer. With two to three years of experience designers become manager of a team or S/he can
become Director depending upon the organisational structure of the firm. Textile designers are
hired by big companies on good package; however one can also go as freelancer.
The Pattern maker develops pattern for cutting fabric into various components as per requirement
of customer and size of the garment. Pattern maker plays a very important role in garment
development because fitness of garment very much depends upon measurement and making
pattern accordingly. Pattern maker should have fair knowledge about fabric, measurement and
above all drawing. In garment construction process Pattern maker is the person who transforms
Fashion designer’s ideas into reality by cutting clothes in two dimensional forms and finally we
Brief Job Description: Pattern Master uses ordinary and basic hand operated equipment and tools
for measuring, marking and cutting to create pattern non textile cheaper substrate (usually hard
paper board) for each size within given range of apparel and/or garment design, made –ups and
home furnishing articles. A complete pattern consists of various components cut to size and thus
a full pattern for a particular garment, made –ups and home furnishing article comprises various
shapes and sizes of paper boards cut and preserved as set. Personal Attributes: He/she should have
flair for art and drawings and should have basic mathematical skills, particularly making
calculations and measuring. He/she should possess good written and oral communication skills.
He/she should be patient and tenacious for long hours of standing work in a calm atmosphere. S/he
Pattern maker is skilled person who earn his credibility and progression on the basis of his technical
skills. They generally start their career as a helper or assistant to Pattern master later on gaining
certain years of experience in measuring and cutting become Pattern maker. Experienced pattern
maker are very much in demand by garment manufacturers as per their specialization for e.g.
Menswear, Women swear pattern maker. After certain year of experience in industry one can be
promoted as a Supervisor and later on he can perform managerial role, however option for
5. Colouring/ Dyeing of fabric are done before it is sent for further processing.
1. Pattern maker develops …………… for cutting fabric into various ……………...
2. Fitness of garment very much depends upon …………………..
Career as a Fashion Designer, is most of us dream to but in reality very few reaches to this
level, similarly in film industry, everyone who joins want to be a actor or actress. Can you
think why it is so? We can understand it if we know the job performed by Fashion Designer
as well as attributes one poses to be a designer. There can be many personal attributes to
become a good Designer like presentation skill, communication skill, liaising, marketing,
Have an eye for detail, firm drawing hand, alert mind and good aesthetic sense. The
designer also needs to understand the psychology of the end user etc but above all is
creativity. Creativity in fashion design plays a significant role, let the creativity won’t die
whatever and whenever it comes in your mind put it down on paper, work on it and finalise
Fashion designer plays versatile role in Fashion industry depending upon type of company s/he is
engaged. If it is a small company viz. retailer then one has to perform multiple role right from
level of personnel for specified job like Assistant Designer, Designer, Managing Director, and
Director and so on. Big firms have exclusive Design Team headed by Managing Director, Designer
and assistant Designer. Costume Designer designs costume exclusively for TV/ Cinema Actors.
The no of Designer as a whole in Fashion and Textile industry is lean but there job is very important
merchandising. Fashion merchandiser ensures supply of full range of products from manufacturer
to Retailers by assessing the requirement of customers/ Retailers on the basis of last year trend and
time. Basically fashion merchandiser acts as a change agent between Textile manufacturers and
Retailers and ensures volume of range and timely supply of products at the store. Merchandiser
assessment skill put the supply chain into action to deliver the products on time to the consumer.
• Liaising with buyers, manufacturers, other personnel in supply chain and retailers
Any graduate having mastery in communication, numeric and computing skills with certain
exposure in Business acumen can perform this job successfully. Initially one can join as trainee or
Assistant Merchandiser and after getting exposure of certain years in merchandising one can
become full fledge Fashion Merchandiser. Accurate assessment and coordination activity
performed by merchandiser play an important role in ensuring maximum profitability and regular
Once the product is delivered to Retail store its responsibility of retail manager to display the
products as per their category and sizes of the product. A team led by Retail manager comprises
of Stock managers, Sales individuals, executives and Billing/ cashier personnel. Main
responsibility of this team is to arrange and display the products on designated place and also
handle the customers. Fashion retail store play a very significant role in making any product
successful by showcasing the product as per market demand. Sale of any product brand can further
be augmented by advertisement and marketing skill. There are some exclusive Retail stores for a
particular brand whereas some Retail store houses all famous brand.
A person who joins as a sales executives or sales man can gradually move on the ladder by
performing their role by meeting the sales target satisfactorily. Plus two students with basic
communication and soft skills can be employed as sales executives provided one should have
Fashion style, colours and fabric of Garments are decided much ahead of season by a professional
predicts the particular style, colour etc. a year ago so that it reaches to market on right time
according to a season. On the basis of fashion forecasting all related activities viz. sourcing,
procurement and development of Garments started well on time so that end user get the product as
per seasons and weather conditions. Fashion forecasting is done on the basis of job performed by
Illustrator and visit made by professional to the Fashion show. On the basis of analysis of trend
and by using colour Palette colour and style for particular season is forecasted. Fashion forecaster
spends lot of time on understanding the art and creative work done by Illustrator or by visiting
Fashion show, Craft fare and then forecast a style or trend for a season. Fashion forecasting is a
professional activity which one possesses on the basis of long experience in the industry as well
as one should have analytical and imaginary skill. Fashion forecasters are very much in demand
by the industry as their accuracy in forecasting will make the product profitable.
• Forecasting of style
as a freelancer. Fashion forecasters are professional people and they are highly paid for their job.
Fashion forecasting requires a team of Illustrator, craft man, Colour analyst and Designer, which
I. List out the major role and responsibilities of fashion Designer and Compare your answer with the
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14.0 Self-Entrepreneur
Fashion and Textile industry is a multifaceted sector covering different activities; fashion
designing is one of them apart of it sourcing of Fabric, pattern making, cutting, garment
construction, retailing etc. are equally important. Big Fashion firms take care of whole segment of
industry and produce the Garments and accessories on their own or take the services of Freelancer
and small firms. As stated above Fashion and Textile industry is huge and dynamic sector involve
many activities which gives ample opportunities for self employment as a Entrepreneur.
Experienced person can venture into it and can take up one or two jobs in the area of Fashion and
Textile sector as per their capability and competency. One can choose for manufacturing or service
sector as per need of the market and their expertise in the area.
To start any Business firm one should have thorough knowledge about its technical and legal
aspect particularly with reference to Proprietorship of the firm viz. Sole, Partnership or Limited
Company. Learners may have gone through in detail about entrepreneurship in fourth course of
Freelance Designer
Pattern Maker
Screen Printing
Illustrator
Fashion Forecaster
of an enterprise. Any Business idea need to be plan in original with due diligence and to be
executed in a professional manner. If one is able to prepare a Bankable Project Report there is
possibility to
get finance from the Funding agencies. There are several Govt. agencies that support Startup and
Self Entrepreneur in Project formulation, funding and execution for e.g. Niti Aayog, MSME
(Ministry of Micro, Small &Medium Enterprise), SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank)
MUDRA Bank, Incubation centre, NRDC (National Research and Development Corporation) etc.
Advantage
Disadvantage
• Fear of loss
Anita Dongre
There are long list of successful entrepreneur in this area, better one should find out successful
entrepreneur in their locality and write down their success story and challenges faced by them in
setting up enterprise.
Career as a Journalist in Fashion Industry is most eye catching profession among youth. Broadly
there are two type of Journalism in Fashion Industry i.e. Print and Electronic and main purpose of
Journalism is to communicate the information of Fashion industry among public. It plays very
important role in sharing information and publicity of Fashion Design the celebrities and important
events. It’s very competitive sector of Fashion industry, to join it one should have a good
communication skills both oral and written. Merely acquiring educational qualification in relevant
area is not sufficient to get into it; one should have work as intern in media house under supervision
of experienced journalist.
• Coverage of Photographs
Many people attract to this profession because of Glamour in this field but very few succeed to
make their career in Fashion Journalism. People with sound knowledge of journalism, Fashion and
good in editing skill can make their way in this profession. To start with one join as Assistant
Editor or Correspondent to the News item and later on move to Editor Post after certain year of
experience. As a trainee they are less paid or they work even without payment to gain experience
but afterward they are paid suitably. Reputed Editors are much in demand sometime they work
I. What do you mean by Self Entrepreneur and find out the success story of Ms. Ruma Devi.
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List of Additional job opportunities in Fashion Design and allied area:
7. Garment cutter
Job opportunities in Fashion and Textile Industry required different person equipped with required
skills to perform their job. Apparel Industry is a big sector to employ many people of different
profession and skilled work force. India is at sixth position globally in terms of manufacturing and
Exports of Garments and accessories. To compete with other country in the area of Fashion and
Textile Industry India needs to have more trained people in Designing, Pattern maker, Fashion
merchandiser, Retailer, Fashion forecaster and Fashion Journalist. Different jobs related to Fashion
To begin career in Fashion industry one should possess required knowledge, competencies and
soft skills to perform the assigned job. As Fashion industry is vivid and dynamic sector people
working in it should be committed to their job and keep himself abreast with latest development
in that profession. Some people after working few years in this industry venture into own set up
to per sue their dream or innovative idea as a self-Entrepreneur and contribute significantly to the
industry. There are many successful entrepreneurs who in spite of social, cultural issues and
financial challenges make their own path in this industry and setting example for others. Ms Ruma
Devi is one of them belongs to a lower strata of the society from Rajasthan but with her
commitment she established herself a successful entrepreneur in Appliqué art and gave
Q2. What are the job role and responsibilities of Fashion designer?
Q4. What do you mean by Self Entrepreneur, enlist the name of successful entrepreneur?
Q5. As an Entrepreneur which area you will select in fashion industry to start your Business give
Q7. Prepare a list of personnel working in an Apparel store near to your home and enlist the job
Q9. Differentiate the job role of Fashion Designer and Textile Designer.
Q10. Who is Pattern maker, what are his role and responsibilities in fashion industry.
14.13 Key to Check your Progress
Check your Progress 1
(2) Cotton
(4) Cotton
(2) Measurement
(4) Measurement
(b) Career Path of Pattern maker: Pattern maker is skilled person who earn his
credibility and progression on the basis of his technical skills. They generally
start their career as a helper or assistant to Pattern master later on gaining certain
pattern maker are very much in demand by garment manufacturers as per their
specialization for e.g. Menswear, Women swear pattern maker. After certain year
of experience in industry one can be promoted as a Supervisor and later on he can
perform managerial role, however option for freelancing job is always there.
II. Fashion Forecasting: Fashion style, colours and fabric of Garments are
the particular style, colour etc. a year ago so that it reaches to market on
started well on time so that end user get the product as per seasons
and weather
conditions. Fashion forecasting is done on the basis of job performed by
Illustrator and visit made by professional to the Fashion show. On the basis
of analysis of trend and by using colour Palette colour and style for particular
the art and creative work done by Illustrator or by visiting Fashion show,
equally important. Big Fashion firms take care of whole segment of industry and
produce the Garments and accessories on their own or take the services of
Freelancer and small firms. As stated above Fashion and Textile industry is
huge and dynamic sector involve many activities which gives ample
venture into it and can take up one or two jobs in the area of Fashion and
Textile sector as per their capability and competency. One can choose for
manufacturing or service sector as per need of the market and their expertise
in the area.