Rasya Shafa Arrumaisha 2006490320

Class B SALIVA
SALIVA RELATION
TO BALANCED ORAL
ECOSYSTEM
BIOFILM COMPOOSITION
CONDITION
S A L I V A ( A S BUFFER S O L U T I O N S ) : M A I N T A I N A N ELECTROLYTES : N A + , K + , C L - , C A 2 + , M G 2 + ,
APPROXIMATELY CONSTANT PH WHEN SMALL AMOUNTS OF HPO24-, SCN-, F-
EITHER ACID OR BASE ARE ADDED OR WHEN THE SECRETORY PROTEINS : A M Y L A S E , P R O L I N E - R I C H
BIOFILM RELATION SOLUTION IS DILUTED. PROTEINS, MUCINS, HISTATIN, CYSTATIN,
→
I M BA L A N C E O R A L E C O S Y S T E M GROWTH OF A PEROXIDASE, LYSOZYME, LACTOFERRIN, ETC
PARTICULAR TYPE OF BACTERIA AND A DECREASE IN THREE POSSIBLE BUFFER SYSTEMS IN SALIVA: IMMUNOGLOBULINS : S E C R E T O R Y I G A ; I G G ; I G M
OTHER TYPES OF BACTERIA • THE PROTEIN BUFFERS SMALL ORGANIC : G L U C O S E , A M I N O , A C I D S , U R E A ,
• PHOSPHATE BUFFER LIKELY TO BE IMPORTANT AS A LIPID MOLECULES
BIOFILM PROPERTIES BUFFER ONLY DURING UNSTIMULATED FLOW OTHER COMPONENTS : E P I D E R M A L G R O W T H F A C T O R ,
BIOFILMS HAVE EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERIC • BICARBONATE IS THE MOST IMPORTANT BUFFERING INSULIN, CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE-
MATERIALS CONTRIBUTES TO STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY SYSTEM. IT DIFFUSES INTO PLAQUE AND ACTS AS A BINDING PROTEINS, SERUM ALBUMIN
→ RESISTANCE PROPERTIES BUFFER BY NEUTRALIZING ACIDS

PERSISTER CELLS FUNCTION

FUNCTION: HELP OTHER ORGANISMS IN THE BIOFILM.
THESE BIOFILM RESISTANCE PROPERTIES CAN

TOPIC 6
PROTECTION : C L E A R A N C E , L U B R I C A T I O N , T H E R M A L
SERIOUSLY CAUSE IMBALANCE WITHIN THE ORAL INSULATION, PELLICLE FORMATION
ECOSYSTEM, AND DISEASES MAY DEVELOP FROM IT. BUFFERING : M A I N T E N A N C E O F P H A N D
NEUTRALIZATION OF ACIDS
TOOTH INTEGRITY : E N A M E L M A T U R A T I O N A N D R E P A I R
TASTE AND TISSUE REPAIR : H E A L I N G O F W O U N D A N D
EPITHELIAL
DIGESTION : F O R M U L A T I O N O F B O L U S , D I G E S T I O N O F
DENTAL CARIES CANDIDA STARCH AND TRIGLYCERIDE
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY : P H Y S I C A L B A R R I E R ,
IMMUNE & NONIMMUNE DEFENSE

SUCROSE →
BROKEN DOWN BY GLUCOSYL AND FRUCTOSYL B I O F I L M F O RMA T I O N I N C A N D I D A S P E C I E S
TRANSFERASE →
RELEASE GLUCOSE AND FRUCTOSE → 1. EARLY PHASE : A D H E S I O N O F Y E A S T C E L L S T O A G I V E N
BROKEN DOWN INTO GLUCANS AND FRUCTANS SURFACE THEN A FORMATION OF A DISCRETE COLONY PERIODONTAL
SUCROSE →
TRANSPORT TO BACTERIA → INTRACELLULAR 2. INTERMEDIATE PHASE : C E L L S B E C O M E O R G A N I Z E D A N D DISEASE
METABOLISM →
GLUCOSE →
DEGRADATION BY BACTERIA IN START PRODUCING AND SECRETING EXTRACELLULAR
THE PROCESS OF GLYCOLYSIS →PYRUVIC ACID → POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES (EPS)
DEGRADATION 3. MATURATION PHASE : T H E S E C O M P O N E N T S A L L O W T H E
→
DEGRADATION U N D E R L O W S U G A R C O N D I T I O N : P Y R U V A T E MATURATION OF THE STRUCTURE, FORMING THE PERIODONTAL DISEASE IS A COLLECTIVE TERM USED TO
ETHANOL, ACETATE, FORMATE (BY S. MUTANS) BIOFILM DESCRIBE THE INFLAMMATORY CHANGES OF THE TOOTH-
DEGRADATION OF UNDER SUGAR EXCESS: PYRUVATE → SUPPORTING STRUCTURES
LACTATE MOLECULES TRANSITION OF THE GINGIVAL CREVICE RESULTS IN A
S. MUTANS PERSISTS IN ACIDIC CONDITIONS → DECREASES
HALITOSIS
PERIODONTAL POCKET (BECOMES HIGHLY ANAEROBIC AND
PLAQUE PH TO <5.5 →
INITIATION OF THE ENAMEL THE FLOW OF GCF INCREASES)
DEMINERALIZATION PROCESS PROTEOLYTIC BACTERIA RAISES PH TO ALKALINE LEVELS (PH
7.4–7.8) WHICH PROMOTES THE GROWTH OF BACTERIA
→ MALODOR IS DUE MAINLY TO PUTREFACTIVE ACTIONS OF BACTERIA SUCH AS PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS
O N E N D O G E N O U S O R E X O G EN O U S P R O T E I N S A N D P E P T I D E S . THE MAIN ETIOLOGICAL AGENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE IS
→ THERE IS A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORAL HALITOSIS AND MICROFLORA INHABITING SUBGINGIVAL PLAQUE BIOFILMS
PERIODONTAL DISEASE