PH AND

BUFFER
SYSTEMS
presented by: aquiler, elliah h.
BSE 3-2 GENERAL SCIENCE
OPENING PRAYER
ACIDS AND
BASES
 IUS DEFIN
EN IT
RH

IO
AR

N
ACIDS
 -LOWRY D
D EF
TE I

NI
NS

TIO
BRO

N
ACIDS
 IS DEFINITI
W ON
E

L
ACIDS
ACIDS
ACIDS
ACIDS
ACIDS
ACIDS
ACIDS
ACIDS
ACIDS
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
EXAMPLES
of ACIDS
and their
uses
EXAMPLES
of ACIDS
and their
uses
EXAMPLES
of ACIDS
and their
uses
EXAMPLES
of ACIDS
and their
uses
EXAMPLES
of ACIDS
and their
uses
EXAMPLES
of ACIDS
and their
uses
 IUS DEFIN
EN IT
RH

IO
AR

N
BASES
 -LOWRY D
D EF
TE I

NI
NS

TIO
BRO
BASES

N
 IS DEFINITI
W ON
E

L
BASES
BASES
BASES
BASES
BASES
BASES
PROPERTIES OF BASES
PROPERTIES OF BASES
PROPERTIES OF BASES
PROPERTIES OF BASES
PROPERTIES OF BASES
PROPERTIES OF BASES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
EXAMPLES
OF BASES
AND THEIR
USES
 DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN ACID
AND BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACID AND BASE
ACID BASE
NEUTRALIZATION
REACTION
PH
PH
PH
PH
PH SCALE
ACETIC ACID DISTILLED WATER
(7.0) BLOOD (7.35-7.45)

AMMONIA
pH in everyday
life
Digestive system
Digestive system TOOTH DECAY
 plants and
Digestive system TOOTH DECAY animals
SELF DEFENSE
SELF DEFENCE BLOOD
SELF DEFENCE BLOOD aquatic animals
SELF DEFENCE BLOOD aquatic animals swimming pools
BUFFER
SYSTEMS
WHAT
ARE
BUFFER
SYSTEMS?
BUFFER
SYSTEMS
"Shock absorbers"
CLASSIFICATION OF
BUFFER SYSTEMS
ACIDIC BUFFERS ALKALINE BUFFERS
BUFFER
SYSTEMS IN
THE BODY
B
U
F CHEMICAL BUFFERS I
F N
E
R T
H
S E
Y
S B
T
O
E
D
M
S Y
C C
H H
E E
M M
I
C Carbonic acid-bicarbonate I
C
A
L
buffer system A
L
most important buffer for maintaining acid-base balance in
B the blood. B
U U
an acid-base homeostatic mechanism involving the balance of carbonic
F acid, bicarbonate ion, and carbon dioxide in order to maintain pH in the F
F blood and duodenum. F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C C
A A
L L

B B
U U
F F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C C
A
L
PHOSPHATE BUFFER SYSTEM A
L
Works to regulate the pH of the blood.
B B
U important for maintaining intracellular U
F pH and regulating urine pH. F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C C
A A
L L

B B
U U
F F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C
A Protein buffers C
A
L L
work well as buffers because they have
B both positive and negative charges on their
B
U surface.
U
F F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C
A Protein buffers: hemoglobin C
A
L L
During the conversion of CO2 into
B bicarbonate, hydrogen ions liberated in the
B
U reaction are buffered by hemoglobin. U
F F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C C
A A
L L
B B
U U
F F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I
C Protein Buffers: in Blood I
C
A
L Plasma and Cells A
L
B The charged regions of these molecules
B
U can bind hydrogen and hydroxyl ions, and U
F thus function as buffers. F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C C
A A
L L
B B
U U
F F
F F
E E
R R
S S
C C
H H
E E
M M
I I
C C
A A
L L

B B
U U
F F
F F
E E
R R
S S
B
U
F CHEMICAL BUFFERS I
F N
E
R T
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM H
S E
Y
S B
T
O
E
D
M
S Y
R R
E E
S S
P P
I I
R R
A A

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
T T
O O
R R
Y control the amount of carbon dioxide in the Y
blood by regulating breathing.
S S
Y Y
S S
T T
E E
M M
R R
E E
S S
P P
I I
R
A
High CO₂ level response R
A
T hyperventilation T
O O
R R
Y Y

S S
Y Y
S S
T T
E E
M M
R R
E E
S S
P P
I I
R
A
Low CO₂ level response R
A
T hypOventilation T
O O
R R
Y Y

S S
Y Y
S S
T T
E E
M M
R R
E E
S S
P P
I I
R R
A A
T T
O O
R R
Y Y

S S
Y Y
S S
T T
E E
M M
R R
E E
S S
P P
I I
R R
A A
T T
O O
R R
Y Y

S S
Y Y
S S
T T
E E
M M
B
U
F CHEMICAL BUFFERS I
F N
E
R T
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM H
S E
Y
S B
T
O
E RENAL SYSTEM D
M
S Y
R R
E E
N N
A A
L RENAL SYSTEM L
the renal system controls the blood levels
S of bicarbonate. S
Y addresses the metabolic component of the Y
S buffering system. S
T T
E E
M M
R R
E E
N N
A A
L L

S S
Y Y
S S
T T
E E
M M
R R
E E
N N
A ACIDOSIS RESPONSE A
L increase reabsorption of bicarbonate, to retain L
more of it, and excrete more hydrogen ions.
S S
Y ALKALOSIS RESPONSE Y
S increase excretion of bicarbonate and increase S
reabsorption of hydrogen ions.
T T
E E
M M
IMPORTANCE OF
BUFFER SYSTEMS
IMPORTANCE OF BUFFER
SYSTEMS
IMPORTANCE OF BUFFER
SYSTEMS
IMPORTANCE OF BUFFER
SYSTEMS
CLOSING PRAYER
THANK
YOU FOR
LISTENING!