Opgaver fra Meriam

Kræfter-vektorer (1)
1/1
Determine the angles made by the vector V = 40i − 30j
with the positive x- and y-axes. Write the unit vector n in
the direction of V.

Besvarelse:
|V |=√ V x 2 +V y 2=√ 40 2+ (−30 )2=50
V 40 i−30 j
n= = =0,8 i−0,6 j
|V | 50
θ x =tan−1
y
x()
=tan−1
30
40( )
=36,87 °
θ y =90 °−θ x =90 °−36,87 ° =53,13°

1/2
Determine the magnitude of the vector sum V =V 1+V 2 and the angle θ x
which V makes with the positive
x-axis. Complete both graphical and algebraic solutions.

Besvarelse:
algebraic solution:

A=tan
Vy
Vx
−1
=tan
( ) −1 3
4 ()
=36,87 °

R=V 1+V 2
2 2 2
R =V 1 +V 2 −2 · V 1 · V 2 · cos ( A+60 ° )
R=√10 +12 −2· 10· 12 ·cos ( 96,87 ° )=16,51units
2 2

sin B sin( A+ 60 °)
=
V2 V1
12· sin ( 96,87 ° )
sin ( B )= =0,72
16,51
−1
B=sin ( 0,72 ) =46,05 °

θ=B+ 36,87° =46,05 °+36,87 °=82,92 °

1/3
For the given vectors V 1 and V 2of problem 1/2, determine the magnitude of the vector difference
Vʹ =V 2−V 1and the angle 𝜃x which Vʹ makes with the positive x-axis. Complete both graphical and
algebraic solutions.
Besvarelse:

B=180 °−60 °−36,9° =83,1°

2 2 2
R =10 +12 −2· 10 ·12 ·cos ⁡(83,1 °)

R=√ 215,16=14,67
sin (θ ) sin ( 83,1 )
=
12 14,67
θ=54,3°
θ x =180 °−54,3 °+ 36,9° =162,6 °

Kræfter-vektorer (2)
2/6
Two forces are applied to the construction bracket as shown. Determine the angle 𝜃 which makes the
resultant of the two forces vertical. Determine the magnitude R of the resultant.
Besvarelse:
∑ F x =F 1 x + F 2 x=0
800 · cos ( 70 )−425 ·cos (θ )=0

800· cos ⁡(70)

cos ( θ )=
425
θ=49,9 °

R=∑ F y =F1 y + F 2 y

R=−800 ·cos (70 )−425 · sin ( 49,9 ) =−1077 N

2/9
Determine the x− y and n−t components of the 13-kip force F acting
on the simply-supported beam.

Besvarelse:

F x =−F · cos ( 65 ° )=−65 ·cos (65 ° ) =−27,5 kN

F y =−F · sin ⁡( 65° )=−65· sin ( 65 ° )=−58 , 9 kN

F n=−F · sin ⁡( 65° )=−65 · sin ( 40 ° )=−41 , 8 kN

F t=−F ·cos ⁡(65 ° )=−65 · cos ( 40 ° )=−49,8 kN

2/10
Two structural members, one of which is in tension and the other in
compression, exert the indicated forces on joint O . Determine the
magnitude of the resultant R of the two forces and the angle 𝜃 which R
makes with the positive x-axis.

Besvarelse:

∑ F x =F 1 x + F 2 x=0
−2 ·cos ( 30° ) −3· cos ( 60 ° )=−3,23 kN

∑ F y=F 1 y+ F 2 y
−2 ·sin ⁡(30 °)−3· sin ⁡(60 °)=−1,60 kN

R=√(−3,23 ) + (−1,60 ) =3,6 kN

2 2
 θ=tan −1 ( −3,23
−1,6
)=26,3 °

α =180 ° +26,3 °=206,3 °

2/30
Calculate the moment of the 250-N force on the handle of the monkey wrench about the center of the bolt.

Besvarelse:

∑ M 0 =−250 ·cos (15 ° ) ·200 mm+ 250· sin ( 15 ° ) · 30 mm

∑ M 0 =46,4 Nm