What is Art App?
ART APPRECIATION
Ms. Ma. Alona L. Mendoza
TOPIC: What is Art App? (introduction)
Outline
I. Introduction to Art Appreciation
II. Topic 2
III. Topic 3
IV. Topic 4
References:
I. Overview
A. Objectives
● The Nature of Art
● Meaning of Art
● Importance of Art
● Art Appreciation
B. The Nature of Art
1. Very important in our lives
2. It constitutes one of the oldest and most important
means of expression developed by men
3. In every age or country, there is always Art
4. Art has been created by all people at all time; it has
lived because it is liked and enjoyed
5. A true work of art is made by man himself not
imitatively, but creatively
6. A true artist does not imitate nature but rather
interpret it in his own way by selecting the essential
features of the subject and rejecting the minor ones
Note
Art is Beauty - Beauty is Art
C. Meaning of Art
1. Art is derived from the Latin word “ars”, meaning
ability or skill ~ J.V. Estolas
2. Art is taken from the Italian word “artis” which
means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form,
inventiveness, and the associations, that exist
between form and ideas, between material and
technique ~ A. Tan
What is Art Appreciation About?
● Introduces the basics of Art appreciation: definitions
and roles of artist, visual thinking artistic elements
and principles of the visual language and critical
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perspective.
D. The Nature of Art
● Art is timeless
— people created art all the time. It is as old as man
● Art is not nature
— man, no matter how close it is to nature makes Art
● Art is always an experience
— Art is a product of man’s need to express himself
Note
● Art and Experience
— we express our experience through art. Art is a
varying combination of sensory, emotional and
intellectual responses in which they express in art.
Art is well-planned.
● Art and Nature
— Art is not nature. A work of art is human-made
and although it may closely resemble nature it can
never duplicate nature because it is presented in how
the artist interpret reality.
● Art and Beauty
— Art is not beauty, beauty is appreciation of art and
it might not be the same with other, art is just a
manifestation of beauty
D. What is Art?
● A work of art is the visual expression of an idea
or experience created with skill
—— Art is a language that artists use express
ideas and feelings that everyday words cannot
express
——Ideas are conveyed that go beyond
describing and telling
—— To view art you must perceive the piece
● To become deeply aware through the
senses of the special nature of a visual
object
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E. Art is a Universal Language A. Beliefs
● The language of art is diverse - Are spiritual or religious ideas that
1. Literature people accept as true. Some examples of
— Uses of colorful words, imagery, figurative beliefs are:
language ➢ Who created the world and why
2. Music ➢ There is a higher power
— Uses melody, harmonies, dynamics and other ➢ Good conquers evil
elements
➢ There is a life after death
3. Dance
— Make use of graceful movements and
choreography 2. To enjoy beautiful creations of artists who helped
4. Theater shape our Western world
— Uses most, if not all of the elements and other Mona Lisa
art form
5. Painting 1503
— Sculpture and architecture share the visual Leonardo Da Vinci, Italian
elements of color. Line, shape, form, space and The Louvre Museum, France
texture

F. Why Study Art?

1. To learn about other cultures - the values and
beliefs that shaped their visual arts
Sphinx of Senwosret III
3. You’ll learn what different cultures thought was
About 1878-1841 B.C. beautiful
Unknown Artist, Egyptian 4. You’ll learn how their beliefs and values influenced
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
their idea of beauty

Self-Portrait With Two Pupil

1785
Adélaide Labille-Guiard, French
A. Values The Metropolitan Museum of Art
- Are social ideas, principles, standards or
qualities people consider desirable or
worthwhile
➢ Courage
➢ Wisdom
➢ Justice
➢ Equality
➢ Respect
➢ Individual Freedom
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UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION AND ASSUMPTIONS ➢ “Art is childish and childlike.” ~Hirst (visual artist)
OF ART
Outline ➢ “Art is a bang/blast.” ~Okamoto (abstract artist)
A. What is Art?
B. Why study the humanities? ➢ “Art is art. Everything else is everything else.”
~Reinhardt (visual artist)
C. Assumptions of Arts
D. Arts vs. Crafts
B. Why study the humanities?
E. Why is art important in our lives?
● In Men Without Chests, C.S. Lewis rejects the idea
Overview
that beauty and emotion are irrelevant to
A. What is Art? knowledge:
● Art ○ Human reasoning has three components:
○ Latin, ars means “craft or specialized form of The head (intellect), the chest (emotion),
skill.” ~Collingwood, 1938 and the belly (instinct).
○ Medieval Latin, “any special form of ○ Cultivated emotions and appreciation of
book-learning, such as grammar or logic, beauty are indispensable. They referee the
magic or astrology.” battle between intellect and impulses.
● Definition ○ The holistic use of the intellect, refined
○ According to Britannica Online, “the use of sentiments, and the instinctual drive makes
skill and imagination in the creation of us fully human.
aesthetic objects, environments, or
experiences that can be shared with others.” ★ Humanities
● Visual Art ○ Derived from the Renaissance Latin
○ Language of visual signs which conveys expression studia humanitatis, or “study of
ideas, feelings, or moods. humanitas
○ About what it is to be human; encourages
Note us to think creatively
Popular Definition of “Art” ○ Understanding others in the world through
➢ “Art is not a thing; it is a way.” ~Hubbard (writer) their languages, histories, cultures & foster
social justice and equality reveal how
➢ “Art enables us to find ourselves and lose ourselves people have tried to make moral, spiritual
at the same time.” ~Merton (writer) and intellectual sense of the world; they
teach empathy.
➢ “Art is either plagiarism or revolution.” ~Gaugin ○ Teaches us to deal critically and logically
(painter) with subjective, complex, imperfect
information;
➢ “Art is the only way to run away without leaving ○ Teach us to weigh evidence skeptically,
home.” ~Tharp (choreographer) and consider more than one side of every
questions
➢ “Art is a kind of illness.” ~Puccini (composer)
Note
➢ “Art is meant to disturb. Science reassures.” ~Braque Why Study Classics & Humanities?
(painter) ➢ Understand 2600 years of Western literature ~Homer,
Sophocles, Plato, Cicero, Vergil, and Ovid, for
➢ “Art is like soup. There will be some vegetables you starters
don’t like but as long as you get some soup down you
it doesn’t matter.” ~Wyllie (sculptor) ➢ Get into grad school ~Classics students, outscore
their peers on graduate entrance exams (GRE, LSAT
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and MCAT) D. The Difference Between Arts and Crafts
ART CRAFT
➢ Explore influential cultures ~Greece and Rome ➔ Serves aesthetic ➔ Serves human
helped shape the art, architecture and government of purpose purpose
the Western world ➔ “Functional” or
“Utilitarian”
➢ Launch a career in medicine or law ~Legal and ◆ Has a defined
medical professionals rely daily on Latin and Greek purpose/use
➔ Sometimes simply
➢ Improve your vocab ~about 67% of English words decorative
come from ancient Mediterranean languages ➔ Doesn’t typically
inspire emotional
➢ Impress a first date ~point out classical references in response
the latest blockbusters ➔ Precise,
highly-skilled work
➢ Become a language buff ~learning Latin and Greek that relies on specific
makes modern language a snap techniques
➔ Rarely signed by the
➢ Tell tall tales ~Greek myths provide the basis for artist
modern storytelling, from Romeo and Juliet to Star ➔ May be
Wars mass-produced
Pre-determined: the artist
➢ Travel the world ~climb the Acropolis, rediscover the generally knows what it will
ruins of Pompeii, unearth the secrets of the ancient look like in the end.
world

C. Assumptions of Arts
1. Art is Universal
~timeless, spanning generations and continents
through and through.
~MISCONCEPTION:
Artistic made long time ago. Age is not a factor in
determining art.
“Art is not good because it is old, but old because it is Note
beautiful.” (Dudley, et al. 1960) ART is... CRAFT is...
➔ High ➔ Low
2. Art is Not Nature ➔ Elitist ➔ Popular
~Man’s expression of his reception os nature ➔ Visual ➔ Tactile
~Man’s way of interpreting nature ➔ Image ➔ Object
“Art is made by man, whereas nature is given around us.” ➔ Eye ➔ Hand
➔ Cerebral ➔ Manual
3. Art involves experience ➔ Metaphysical ➔ Physical
~It does not full detail but just an experience. “Actual ➔ Conceptual ➔ Material
doing of something.”
~Radio DJ, Choreography, Painter, Sculptor
“All art depends on experience, and if one is to know art, he
must know it not as fact or information but as experience.”
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E. Why is art important in our lives? Notes
1. Arts improves your creativity skills ● It takes an artist to make art. One may perceive
2. Arts gives you joy beauty on a daily basis.
3. Arts relieves stress ● However, not every beautiful thing that can be seen
4. Arts gives you the opportunity to showcase your or experienced may truly be called a work of art.
talent
● Art is a product of man’s creativity, imagination,
5. Arts gives you confidence
and expression.
6. Arts helps you do well academically
7. Arts helps you to communicate with other people ● Not everyone can be considered an artist, but all are
8. Arts helps you learn visually spectators of art.
9. Arts helps you to express your emotions ● We are able to distinguish what is fine and beautiful
10. Art is a different language from what is not and what is good quality and from
poor quality.
Reference: ● This gives us a role in the field of art appreciation.
https://www.theodysseyonline.com/10-reasons-why-arts-arei
mportant-in-our-lives
I. Overview
A. Art Appreciation as a Way of Life
Note ● Art is a creative work that depicts the world in a
ART APPRECIATION completely different light and perspective, and the
❖ The aim of an art appreciation program is to develop source is due to human freedom (Jean Paul Sartre
strategies for looking at art and making sense of what as cited in Greene, 1995).
they see ● Hence, refining one’s ability to appreciate art allows
❖ An art appreciation program should assist students to one to deeply understand the purpose of an
understand their own art, as well as other artists. artwork and recognize the beauty it possesses
(Collins & Riley, 1931).
Unit 2: Creativity, Imagination, and Expression ● More often than not, people are blind to this
Outline beauty and only those who have developed a fine
I. Differentiate art from nature; sense of appreciation can experience and see the art
the way the artist did.
II. Characterize artistic expression based on
● In cultivating an appreciation of art, one should also
personal experiences with art;
exercise and develop his taste for things that are
III. Discuss the nature of art’s preliminary fine and beautiful.
expression; ● This allows individuals to make intelligent choices
IV. And, categorize works of art by citing personal and decisions in acquiring necessities and luxuries
experiences. knowing what gives better value for time or money,
References:https://www.slideshare.net/janril/art-appr while taking into consideration the aesthetic and
eciation-creativity-imagination-and-expression practical value.
● Learning to appreciate art no matter what
vocation or profession you have will lead to a fuller
and more meaningful life.

B. Art as a Product of Imagination, Imagination as a

Product of Art
● Imagination is not constrained by the walls of the
norm, but goes beyond that.
● An artwork does not need to be a real thing, but can
be something that is imaginary (Collingwood, 1938).
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Ms. Ma. Alona L. Mendoza
● Artists use their imagination that gives birth to
reality through creation.
● In the same way that imagination produces art, art
also inspires imagination.
Note
“Imagination is more important than knowledge. For
knowledge is limited to all we now know and understand,
while imagination embraces the entire world, and all
there ever will be to know and understand.” - Albert
Einstein
● Through imagination, one is able to craft
something bold, something new, and something
better in the hopes of creating something that
will stimulate change.
● In an artist’s mind sits a vast gallery of
artworks.
● An artwork does not need to be a real thing, but
can be something that is imaginary.
● However, something imaginary does not
necessarily mean it cannot be called art.
Artists use their imagination that gives birth to
reality through creation.
C. Art as Expression
● Robin George Collingwood, an English philosopher
who is best known for his work in aesthetics,
explained in his publication ‘The Principles of Art
(1938)’ that what an artist does to an emotion is not
to induce it, but express it.
● Some forms of art expression include visual arts,
film, performance art, poetry performance,
architecture, dance, literary arts, theatre arts, and
applied arts.
IMAGINATION ⇌ ART
● Expressing emotions differs from describing
emotions.
● This makes people’s art not a reflection of what is
outside or external to them, but a reflection of their
inner selves.
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The Role of Creativity in Art Making
● Creativity requires thinking outside the box.
● In art, creativity is what sets apart one artwork from
another.
When Is Something Considered Creative?
● WHEN:
- We’ve not seen anything like it
- It’s out of the ordinary
- It’s not just a copy or imitation of someone’s work
...THERE IS ORIGINALITY!
Art Expression: Visual Arts
● There are also other artistic disciplines that also
involve a visual aspect, such as performance arts,
theatre, and applied arts.
● Some mediums of visual arts include paintings,
drawings, letterings, printing, sculpture, and
digital imaging.
Art Expression: Film
● Film refers to the art of putting together
successions of still images in order to create an
illusion of movement.
● Filmmaking focuses on its aesthetic, cultural, and
social value which is considered both an art and an
industry.
— Techniques in film-making process:
- Motion-picture camera (aka movie camera)
- Animation techniques
- Computer-generated imagery (CGI)
● Filmmaking simulates experiences or creates one
that is beyond the scope of our imagination as it aims
to deliver ideas, feelings, or beauty to its viewers.
Art Expression: Performance Art
● Performance art is live art and that artist’s
medium is mainly the human body which he or
she uses to perform, but also employs other
kinds of art such as visual art, props, or sound.
— Elements of Performance Arts:
- Time
- Where the performance took place
- Performer’s body
● Relationship between the audience and the
performer(s).
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Ms. Ma. Alona L. Mendoza
Fact
Performance art is live which makes it intangible, meaning it
cannot be bought or traded as a commodity.
Art Expression: Poetry Performance
● Poetry is an art form where the artist expresses
his emotions not by using paint, charcoal, or
camera, but expresses them through words.
● These words are carefully selected to exhibit
clarity and beauty and to stimulate strong
emotions of joy, anger, love, sorrow among
others.
● lt uses a word's emotional, musical, and
spatial value that goes beyond its literal
meaning to narrate, emphasize, argue, or
convince.
● These words combined with movements, tone,
volume, and intensity of the delivery add to the
artistic value of the poem.
Art Expression: Architecture
● Art is the pursuit and creation of beautiful things
while architecture is the making of beautiful
buildings.
● However, not all buildings are beautiful because
some only embody the functionality they need,
but the structure, lines, forms, and colors are not
beautifully expressed.
— Important Elements:
- Plan
- Construction
- Design
● Buildings should embody these three important
elements if they wish to merit the title
architecture.
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Art Expression: Dance
● This is a series of movements that follow the rhythm
of the music accompaniment.
● This is a creative art form that allows people to freely
express themselves.
● Choreography may seem not to allow this, but in art
expression, dancers are not confined to set steps and
rules but are free to create and invent their own
movements as long as they deem them graceful and
beautiful; has no rules.
Art Expression: Literary Arts
● Artists who practice literary arts use words to
express themselves and communicate emotions
to the readers.
● Simply becoming a writer does not make one a
literary artist.
● Literary art goes beyond the usual professional,
academic, journalistic and other technical forms
of writing.
● lt focuses on writing using a unique style, not
following a specific format or norm.
● lt may include both fiction and non-fiction such
as novels, biographies, and poems.
- Romeo and Juliet (William Shakespeare)
- The Little Prince (Antoine de Sain-Exupery)
Art Expression: Theatre
● This uses live performers to present accounts or
imaginary events before a live audience.
● Theater art performance usually follows a
script, though they should not be confused with
literary arts.
● Like in filmmaking, theater also considers
several elements such as acting, gesture,
lighting, sound effects, musical score, scenery
and props.
● Like performance arts, theatre is also a live
performance.
— Genres:
- Drama
- Musical
- Tragedy
- Comedy
- Improvisation
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Ms. Ma. Alona L. Mendoza
Art Expression: Applied Arts
● Applied arts is incorporating elements of style and
design to everyday items with the aim of increasing
their aesthetic value.
● Artists in this field bring beauty, charm, and comfort
into many things that are useful in everyday life..
— Some Types of Designs:
- Industrial design
- Interior design
- Fashion design
- Graphic design
Lesson Summary
● Art is a product of a man’s creativity, imagination,
and expression.
● Refining one’s ability to appreciate art allows one to
deeply understand the purpose of an artwork and
recognize the beauty it possesses.
● Creativity is what sets apart one artwork from
another. A creative artist does not simply copy or
imitate another artist’s work.
Quotes
● “Quotations are commonly printed as a means of
inspiration and to invoke philosophical thoughts from
the reader”
● “Use your imagination! Almost everything can be
turned into something that’s useful. It’s just a matter
of coming up with a good idea and thinking. Open
your mind. Be a creator. – RANJANA
● “Limitations live only in our minds. But if we use our
imaginations, our possibilities become limitless.
● “Art. Freedom, and creativity will change society
faster than politics. – Victor Pinchuk
UNIT 3: Functions and
philosophical perspectives of Art
Outline
I. Objectives
II. Introduction
III. Functions of art
IV. Categories of Functions of Art
V. Philosophical Perspectives of Art
Overview
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I. Objectives
● Distinguish directly functional and indirectly
functional art
● Explain and discuss the basic philosophical
perspectives on art
● Realize the function of some art forms in daily life
and,
● Apply concepts and theories on beauty and
aesthetics in real-life scenarios
II. INTRODUCTION
● Telos (Greek) which means “purpose”
- Aristotle claimed that every particular
substance in the world has an end.
- Linked with function
- For a thing to reach its purpose, it also has to
fulfill its function.
- Every substance, defined as formed matter,
moves according to a fixed path towards its
aim.
III. FUNCTIONS OF ART
● An inquiry on the function of art is an inquiry on
what art is for.
● When it comes to function, different art forms come
with distinctive functions
● Some art forms are more functional than others
★ Architecture and Applied Arts
- The value of the art in question lies in the
practical benefits one gains from it,
- Obviously made for a specific purpose
★ Painting and Literature
- One can look at the value of the product of
art in and for itself.
Note
➢ Dr. Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo are functional in so far as they are
designed to accomplish some definite end.
➢ The novels accrued value and as a consequence,
function.
IV. 3 CATEGORIES OF FUNCTIONS OF ART
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➔ Personal Example:
- varied and highly subjective Architecture, jewelry-making, interior design
- Its function depends on the artist who
created the art
- An artist may create art out of
self-expression, entertainment, or
therapeutic purpose

OTHER FUNCTIONS OF ART

• Music used for dance and religion.
• The ancient world saw music as an instrument to facilitate
worship and invocation to gods.
➔ Social
- If and when it addresses a particular
collective interest as opposed to a
personal interest.
- It may convey the message of protest,
contestation, or whatever message the
artist intends his work to carry
- Can also depict social conditions such as
photography

• Music was essential for the synchronicity of dancers.

• Music guarantees that warriors were simultaneous.
• Today, music has expanded its functions and coverage.
• There is a lot of music that has no connection to dance or
religion.
• Music is also used as accompaniment to stage plays and
❖ Political Art motion pictures
- A very common example of art with a
social function.
❖ Performance Art
- Like plays or satires can also rouse
emotions and rally people toward a
particular end.

➔ Physical
- Can be found in artworks that are
crafted in order to serve some physical
purpose ​
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Ms. Ma. Alona L. Mendoza
• Example: Serenade – People compose hymns to express
feelings and emotions.
• Sculptures have been made by man most particularly for
religion.
• In the Roman Catholic world, the employment of sculptures
for religious purposes has remained vital, relevant, and
symbolic
• Rizal and Bonifacio’s monument and commemorative coins
(Pope Francis)
• Architecture may be the most prominent functional art.
• Unlike other forms of art, buildings take so much time to
erect and destroy.
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• One cannot dismiss taking into consideration the function
of a building before construction.
• It is also in architecture where one can find the intimate
connection of function and form.
V. PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART
- Art as an imitation
• In Plato’s The Republic, paints a picture of artists as
imitators and art as mere imitation.
• In his description of the ideal republic, Plato advises against
the inclusion of art as a subject in the curriculum and the
banning of artists in the Republic.
• In Plato’s metaphysics or view of reality, the things in this
world are only copies of the original, the eternal, and the true
entities that can only be found in the World of Forms.
• For example, the chair that one sits on is not a real chair. It
is an imperfect copy of the perfect “chair” in the World of
Forms.
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Ms. Ma. Alona L. Mendoza
•Plato was convinced that artists merely reinforce the belief in
copies and discourage men to reach for the real entities in the
World of Forms.
• Plato was deeply suspicious of arts and artists for two
reasons:
1. They appeal to emotion rather than to the rational faculty
of men
2. They imitate rather than lead one to reality
• Poetry rouses emotions and feelings and thus clouds
rationality of people.
• Art is just an imitation of imitation. A painting is just an
imitation of nature, which is also just an imitation of reality in
the World of Forms.
• Art then is to be banished, alongside the practitioners, so
that the attitudes and actions of the members of the Republic
will not be corrupted by the influence of the arts.
• For Plato, art is dangerous because it provides a petty
replacement for the real entities that can only be attained
through reason.
Art as an Imitation
● Plato was deeply suspicious of arts and artists for two
reasons
1. Appeals to the emotion rather to the rational
faculty of men
2. Imitate rather than lead one to reality
● Poetry rouses emotions and feelings
● Art is just an imitation of an imitation. A painting is
just an imitation of nature.
● For Plato, Art is dangerous because it provides a
petty replacement for the real entities that can only be
attained through reason
Art as a representation
● Aristotle agreed with plato that art is a form of
imitation
● Definition
○ Aristotle - considered art as an aid to
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philosophy in revealing the truth
○ Plato- art is an imitation of another imitation
○ Aristotle - conceived art as representing
possible versions of reality
● The kind of imitation that art does is not antithetical
to the reaching of fundamental truths in the world
● For Aristotle, all kinds of art do not aim to represent
reality as it is, it endeavors to provide a version of
what might be or the
myriad possibilities of reality.
● In the Aristotelian worldview, art serves two
particular purposes
1. Art allows the experience of pleasure
(horrible experience can be made an object of
humor)
2. Art also has an ability to be instructive and
teach its audience things about life
(cognitive)
Art as a Disinterested Judgement
● Kant recognized that judgment of beauty is
subjective
● Immanuel Kant, in his Critique of judgment,
considered the judgment of beauty, the cornerstone of
art, as something that can be universal despite its
subjectivity
● Making an aesthetic judgment requires us to be
disinterested.
● Appreciate art from a universal standpoint.
Art as a Communication of Emotion
● According to Leo Tolstoy, art plays a huge role in
communication to its audience’s emotions that the
artist previously experiences.
● In the same that Language communicates information
to other people, art communicates emotions
● As a purveyor of man’s innermost feelings and
thoughts, art is given a unique opportunity to serve as
a mechanism for social unity.
● Art is central to man’s existence because it makes
accessible the feelings and emotions of people from
the past and present.