Lesson 8

OTHER RELEVANT SOCIAL

CONCERNS
 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
Violence
It is a pervasive feature of our society. It occurs in all levels of
society.
It is believed that family violence and neglect occur mostly in
sick families, families in slums, or families that characterized by
some pathology such as drugs, alcohol, or mental derangement.
But obviously, since few families are conflict free, family
violence also occurs in most “normal families”. To this
family the absolute behaviour is regarded
as a form of discipline not violence.
 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
Sociological Explanation of Violence
1. Resource of William J. Goode – Desire to get money, love, respect, and
status.
2. Culture of Violence Theory – Physical abuse among the lower classes is
due to alleviating life conditions.
3. Frustration Aggression Theory – Violence is an outcome of frustrating life
experiences, such as a father who is unemployed.
4. Victim Precipitated Violence – This theory asserts that the victim
encourages his own physical abuse. A typical situation may
arise from argument over unreasonable jealousy.
 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
Battered Women on a Surge
Risk factors for domestic violence:
1. Male is unemployed
2. Males uses elicit drugs at least once a year.
3. Male and female have different religious backgrounds.
4. Male saw his father hit mother
5. Male and female cohabit and are not married.
6. Male has blue-collar occupation, if employed.
7. Male did not graduate from high school
8. Male is between 18 and 30 years old.
9. Male or female use severe violence toward children at home.
10. Total family income is below the poverty line.
 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

Patterns of Wife Abuse

Three (3) Stages:
1st : Tension-Building Stage (Refusal of request of the husband)
2nd : Beating Stage (Wife becomes the object of the assault)
3rd : Loving Stage (Husband felt guilt after the action)
 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

Patterns of Wife Abuse

Forms of battering against women:
1. Physical
2. Psychological
3. Sexual
4. Economic
 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

Agencies that Protect Women from Violence

• Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
• Women’s Crises Center
• KAbabaihan LAban sa KArahaSAN (KALAKASAN)
Child Abuse
CHILD ABUSE
An intentional act that result in physical or emotional
harm to children. It covers a wide range of behaviour, from
actual physical assault by parents or other caretakers to neglect
of a child’s basic needs. Also, sometimes called maltreatment.
Type of Child Abuse:
1. Physical
2. Sexual
3. Neglect
 CHILD ABUSE
Child Abuse
There is no single explanation of maltreatment. There are
factors as causing the act:
1. International Transmission of Violence
2. Social Stress
3. Social Isolation and Low Community Involvement
4. Family Structure
 ALCOHOLISM
Alcoholism
It is a disease or disorder of behaviour characterized by
repeated drinking of alcoholic beverages, a compulsion to take
alcohol or an inability to control one’s drinking behaviour.
It is a social problem because it causes personal misery,
family split, loss of wages, and deterioration of health.
 ALCOHOLISM
Disadvantages:
1. He has less interest in life and no more ambition.
2. He has slower reaction.
3. He is pessimistic.
4. He has lower capacity for creative work and thought.
5. He is no longer aware of what is happening in his
surroundings.
 ALCOHOLISM
Advantages of Taken in Moderation:
1. A person can have a good appetite.
2. He can have a sound sleep at night.
3. He can have more energy for creative work.
 POVERTY
Poverty
It is a deprivation of those things that determine the
quality of life including food, clothing, shelter and safe
drinking water, but also “intangibles” such as the
opportunity to learn and to enjoy the respect of fellow
citizen.

Type of Poverty:
• Income Poverty
• Non-income Poverty
 POVERTY
Causes of Poverty
• Warfare
• Agricultural Cycles
• Drought and Flooding
• Natural disasters
• Colonial Histories
• Centralization of Power
• Corruption
• Social Inequality
 Juvenile delinquency
Juvenile Delinquency
It deals with the children, minor, youth below 21 years
old who break the law or failed to do what the law requires.
The Child and Youth Welfare Code, PD No. 603 defines
youthful offender as one who is nine years of age or under at
the time of offense shall be exempt from criminal liability and
shall be committed to the care of his parent or guardian in the
discretion of the court and subject to its supervision (Jarapa,
Perez & Segarra, 2000).
 Juvenile delinquency

Juvenile Delinquency
Divided into different classes:
1. Environmental delinquents
2. Maladjusted delinquents
3. Psychiatric delinquents
 Juvenile delinquency
Juvenile Delinquency
Causes:
1. Social disorganization
2. Poverty
3. Broken Homes
 Juvenile delinquency

Juvenile Delinquency
Treatment of Offenders:
1. Community Treatment
2. Residential Treatment
3. Non-residential Community Treatment
4. Institutionalization