Theoretical Questions

(Q1) Define the following terms briefly.

1. The Central Tendency measures.
2. The Dispersion measures.
3. The first quartile.
4. The continuous random variable. State some examples.
5. The discrete variable. State some examples.
6. The third quartile.

(Q2) ) State whether the following statements are true or false and give a brief
explanation (Note that no marks will be given for a simple true/false
answer).
1. If the distribution of the data is skewed, then the best central measure
is the mean and the best dispersion measure is the variance.
2. The standard deviation can have a negative value and can’t be zero.
3. We always depend on the value of the variance in comparing the
homogeneity between the different groups.
4. The first quartile is the value on the distance 25% from the beginning after
arranging the data in the descending order.
5. If the value of the mean is greater than the value of the median, and the
value of the median is greater than the value of the mode and there is a
great difference between their values, then the data is skewed to the left.
6. The first quartile is the value on the distance 25% from the beginning.
7. In the descriptive data which is not ordered, the best central measure is
the mode and the best dispersion measure is the quartile range.
8. If the data doesn't contain any extreme value then the distribution of this
data is symmetric.

(Q3) Answer the following questions briefly.

1. What are the characteristics of a set of data for which the mean, median
and mode are identical?
2. Which of the central tendency measures can assume more than one value
for a data set? And which can be calculated for quantitative data only?
3. What is the difference between the absolute and relative dispersion
measures?
4. What are the four sampling techniques? What are the suitable condition to
apply each of them?.
5. Explain the relationship between the mean, median and mode for
symmetric and skewed data. Illustrate these relationships with graphs.
6. Why we are not using the standard deviation in comparing the
homogeneity between two symmetric groups?
7. What are the roles of the Box-plot and the Stem-and-Leaf?

Problems
Problem (1):
If the age of a sample of seven employees of a fast-food outlet (X) are as follows
19, 19, 65, 20, 21, 18, 20
1) Compute the best central measure and the best absolute dispersion measure.
2) If the oldest employee is retired, compute the best central measures and the best
absolute dispersion measure.
3) If the employees in this outlet has a mean of age as X̄ = 26 . Find the mean and
of the age of employees of a fast-food in another outlet (Y), if the relation
between them is as follows
Y = - 0.5 X + 35

Problem (2):
If the person enters a gym-club he must pay L.E. 20 and he has to pay L.E. 10 for each
game he plays. From the experience of the owner of the club he found that the distribution
of the number of games played by the players was as follows :
No. of games played 1 2 3 4 5 6
No. of players 7 8 15 9 6 5
Calculate the average payment of any player.
Problem (3):
Suppose a sample of 10 statistics books gave a mean price of $ 48 and a sample of 8
mathematics books gave a mean price of $ 49. Find the mean price of a book of statistics or
mathematics.

Problem (4):
The following data represents the marks of 11 students in group (A) :

14, 20, 17, 16, 18, 19, 15, 13, 2, 20, 14, 12

a) Compute the best central and dispersion measures.

b) If the central and dispersion measures for the marks of the students in group
(B) are as follows:
n mean median mode s.d min max Q1 Q3
40 14 13.9 14.1 4.12 12 16 13.43 15.1
Where s.d ⇒ standard deviation

Which group is better in the sense of homogeneity, group (A) or Group (B)? State the reason of
your answer.

Problem (5):
If the marks of a group of 10 female students in an exam of probability and statistics are
as follows:
11, 15, 17, 14, 16, 16, 14, 18, 17, 12
and the marks of another group of 12 male students in the same exam are as follows
12, 15, 14, 18, 17, 16, 15, 2, 15, 16, 13, 12
which group is more homogenous, the males or females? Give the reason of your answer.
Problem (6):
In a sample of 30 students of the Academy, we obtained the following data which
represents the weights of these students
65, 59, 47, 67, 56, 50, 74, 45, 83, 72, 71, 53, 82, 58, 64
79, 55, 88, 56, 69, 50, 68, 66, 62, 59, 52, 72, 63, 56, 91
answer the following questions without calculation.
1)What is the best central measure and the best dispersion measure? Give reason for your
answer.
2) Are the three central measures have approximately equal values or not? If not what is the
central measure which will have the greatest value and which will have the smallest value?
Give reason for your answer.

Problem (7):
The following data is the ages of a sample 15 students as follows
28, 25, 30, 32, 33, 29, 27, 25, 24, 49, 35, 31, 36, 35 and 34
a) Is the value 49 can be considered as an extreme value? Justify your answer with a
suitable test.
Calculate the best central and dispersion measure according to your conclusion in part (a).

Problem (8):
The following table represents the absent days of a sample of students in the statistics
course
Absent days 0 1 2 3 4
Number of students 10 5 8 Y 3
Determine the value of Y if the median of the absent days is 1.5 day.

b)