LEARNING COMPETENCY

• Explain the forms and functions of state and non-state institutions.

TOPICS
• Difference between organizations and institutions
• Market and economic organizations: banks, corporations, cooperatives, and trade unions
• Civil society organizations
• Global organizations
• Development agencies
• Nonstate institutions
GUIDE QUESTION

• What are the different processes and organizations that are nonstate?
• Why are nonstate institutions and organizations important to society?
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS
NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
ORGANIZATION
• An organization refers to a formally
constituted entity, composed of
individuals performing a set of functions
for the achievement of a certain
mandate, obligation, or task.
• An example of an organization is a bank,
corporation, or development agency.
INSTITUTION
• Institution refers to a structured domain of
norms, rules, and practices that gives a
sense of order to a specific set of
relationships.
• Examples of institutions include religion,
kinship and family, friendship and
association, popular culture, rituals, and
knowledge systems.
DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN SOCIETY
ENVIRONMENTAL WORLDVIEWS
• The system of beliefs as well as
perceptions of the people vis-à-vis
the forest resource (how they see it
in relation to their lives)
KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM
• The system of knowledge that
governs how people engage the
resource, particularly in terms of the
technology employed to extract
products from it.
DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN SOCIETY
TENURIAL AND PROPERTY SYSTEMS
• The manner by which the community
defines the rules of who has access
to and control of resources.
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
• The manner by which the community
manages its conflicts vis-a-vis
various issues, including conflicts
that arise from the use of forest
resources.
DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN SOCIETY
ASSOCIATION SYSTEMS
• The various systems that define the
manner individuals establish
relationships among them in the
pursuance of a common interest,
such as productions and social
security.
ORGANIZATIONS CAN BE CONSIDERED AS
STATE AND NONSTATE ORGANIZATIONS
STATE ORGANIZATIONS NONSTATE ORGANIZATION
• Executive branch • Nonstate organizations could be considered
• Legislative branch either as market or economic organizations
• Judiciary or civil society organizations.
• Armed forces and the Police
• Constitutional Commissions
• Local Governments
MARKET AND ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS
NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
MARKET AND ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS

• Market and economic organizations include the corporate environmental users,

such as corporations use the resource for profit, and not for subsistence.
• Also included in this category are the financial institutions such as banks, both
local and foreign or transnational. Cooperatives and trade unions are also
considered as market or economic organizations.
WHAT IS A BANK? WHAT ARE ITS MAIN FUNCTIONS?

• A bank is a financial institution • The government borrows money from

that lends money both to public
as well as private organizations.
banks to finance its development
activities, while private companies
and individuals borrow money to
fund their investments or personal
development.
WHAT IS A CORPORATION? WHAT ARE THE
TYPES OF CORPORATIONS?
• Corporation refers to a broad • Stock corporations – ownership is
category of nonstate organizations through stockholders who own
representing a company or group of particular shares.
people that engages in a lawful • Nonstock corporation – is owned by
activity in relation to a public members that join the organization.
function, such as the provision of a
good or service to the larger society.
WHAT IS A COOPERATIVE? WHAT ARE THE
TYPES OF COOPERATIVES?
• A cooperative or coop refers to an • Housing cooperative
autonomous association whose • Worker cooperative
membership is voluntary toward the
attainment of common economic,
• Consumers’ cooperative
social and cultural needs or • Agricultural cooperative
aspirations.
TYPES OF COOPERATIVES
• A housing cooperative is where
residents either own shares
reflecting their equity in the
cooperative’s real estate.
• Worker cooperative or producer
cooperative is owned and
democratically controlled by its
“worker-owners.”
TYPES OF COOPERATIVES
• Consumers’ cooperative this is a • Agricultural cooperative are
business owned by its customers. widespread in rural areas.
Employees can also become
members.
DAMAYAN WORKERS
COOPERATIVE
DWC is a domestic workers
cooperative, owned, directed
and managed by Filipino
immigrant worker owners.
 DMPI EMPLOYEES'
CONSUMERS
COOPERATIVE
The DMPI employees'
consumers cooperative goal is
to improve the quality of life of
the members who are
employees of del monte
Philippines through self-help.
PHILIPPINE FAMILY FARMERS’
AGRICULTURE FISHERY
FORESTRY COOPERATIVES
FEDERATION (AGRICOOPH)
AGRICOOPH is a national federation of
agri-fishery-forestry cooperatives
whose members are small-scale
family farmers. These cooperatives
are engaged in various agro-
industrial commodities.
WHAT IS A TRADE OR LABOR UNION? WHAT IS ITS MAIN ROLE?

• Trade or labor union refers to an • Negotiating collectively with

organization of workers whose main employers for better compensation
objective is to protect the welfare of packages and benefits, improved
its members. safety standards, and better working
conditions.
SUMMARY
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS
NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
ORGANIZATION
• An organization refers to a formally
constituted entity, composed of
individuals performing a set of functions
for the achievement of a certain
mandate, obligation, or task.
• An example of an organization is a bank,
corporation, or development agency.
INSTITUTION
• Institution refers to a structured domain of
norms, rules, and practices that gives a
sense of order to a specific set of
relationships.
• Examples of institutions include religion,
kinship and family, friendship and
association, popular culture, rituals, and
knowledge systems.
MARKET AND ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS
NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS
NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
ACADEMIC AND SCIENCE-BASED
ORGANIZATIONS MASS MEDIA
• These include universities, schools, • The mass media in all its form (print,
and colleges; private polling firms radio, television) provide effective
which use statistical methods in conduits for environmental policy
conducting opinion polls to guide information, as well as
advocacy and decision-making. environmental policy advocacy.
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS
• Organized religion seen in church
congregations and their counterparts in
Islam and other religions provide
effective venues for commentary and
issue advocacy, and for moralizing the
issues and agents involved in the
environmental policy process.
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
• NGOs are third-party mediating
organizations that facilitate action.
Most of them are involved in
advocacy, but some are also involved
in environmental policy information
and analysis.
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

PEOPLE’S ORGANIZATIONS
• POs are grassroots-based organizations
composed of people who are really in
the community and are directly involved.
They become effective venues for
advocacy and vehicles for the
implementation of programs and
projects.
GLOBAL ORGANIZATIONS
NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
GLOBAL ORGANIZATIONS
PROMINENT AMONG THESE
MULTILATERAL ORGANIZATIONS ORGANIZATIONS ARE THE FOLLOWING:
• Multilateral financial organizations are • World bank (WB)
not controlled by one country. They are
international organizations that do not
• International Monetary Bank (IMF)
represent any government in their • Asian Development Bank (ADB)
economic and technical engagements
with any nation.
GLOBAL ORGANIZATIONS
BILATERAL ORGANIZATIONS
• Bilateral organizations are effective • Bilateral funding organizations or
conduits by which foreign countries development agencies are national
can influence the development agencies are national agencies of
priorities of other countries, since different economically challenged
they attach policy conditions to
nations in the world.
grants and loans.
DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES AND TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY GROUPS
NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS
DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES AND
TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY GROUPS

• Development challenges are increasingly found in conflict-affected and fragile

states, as stable low-income countries have managed to achieve development
progress.
AS DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES GRAPPLE WITH THEIR FUTURE
DIRECTION, THEY MUST THINK ABOUT HOW THEY CAN:

• Demonstrate leadership in managing the international system, including the reform of

international agencies
• Respond effectively to the development needs of fragile and conflict-affected states
• Increase capacity to provide a development perspective on global challenges such as
climate change, poverty, gender, conflict, and financial crises
• Engage much more effectively across different ministries and develop ‘whole-of-
government’ approaches
SOME OF THE WELL-KNOWN DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES IN
THE PHILIPPINES ARE THE FOLLOWING:

• United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

• Australian Agency for International Development (Ausaid)
• Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
• Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur International Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
• Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)