CENTRAL

JAIL BY: MOHAMMED JUNAID

ROLL NO: 17181AA010

INTRODUCTION: PRE THESIS

“Prison’s way of life is mentally more taxing then physically.” Rising
population increases crime rate and it leads to need for prison. So to
lower the rate of crime the universally accepted goal of penology is
rehabilitation of inmates for which correctional programmes are
conceived.
The objective of providing correctional programmes to the inmates is
to improve their behavior, i.e. before and after release from their
adjudicated confinement. As it improves human adjustments,
education, understanding of human problems, etc. and it is something
that can reduce the rate of criminality in society as well as in larger
prospect of the world.
Jail is a well-equipped place guarded with security and by basic
amenities where person are kept in custody for the wrongful things
they have done in the eyes of law. It is a place where both a person
who have been sentence with punishment and a person who is
accused of any wrongful act are kept.
In earlier times jail was supposed to be a place of punishment
mentally and physically but now four major purposes of prisons are
retribution, rehabilitation, incapacitation, and deterrence. For small
crimes there should not be any punishment only reformation.
Prison architecture is prime example of hard architecture where
human dignity can be degraded. The aim of this research is to review
on the impact of the physical environment on rehabilitation within
prison. Prison currently serves as a place for punishment, so purpose
is to make it reformation center.

JUSTIFICATION:   
With the numbers of crimes increasing by the day, the criminal count
is increasing too. Rehabilitation does not seem to be well attained due
to persistent crimes committed by the convicted persons even after
being punished and rehabilitated formerly. Another concern being,
there is no acceptance of these prisoners back into the society after
being released, which may have extensive amounts of impact on their
psychology. Punishment is not the sole aim; reformation and
rehabilitation follow it too.

Every prisoner is a human being, with the same joy and sorrow,
laughter and tears, hopes and aspirations as any other human being
and should be treated with the same dignity, respect and decency as
any other human being. The very fact that a prisoner has been
sentenced to imprisonment once already and has suffered enough
physically, mentally and emotionally implies that he is not to be
incarcerated through imprisonment once again.

Treating every prisoner with kindness and compassion, empathy and

sensitivity in the same manner as late V. Shantaram, the outstanding
Marathi and Hindi film personality had demonstrated in his classic
film, ‘Do Aankhen Barah Haath’  in the 60’s.

AIM:
Although prison matter is a current issue in public opinion, the
problems of this matter, in terms of architecture profession and its
main principles, haven’t been examined enough. Not only the
appearance of prisons as an architectural work, and the economic and
political reasons of this appearance but also the appearance of spatial
design problems, and when historical process is taken into
consideration, how prisons have been considered spatially throughout
the history and have to be considered now, should be discussed. It is
important to examine whether a system, in which the person serving
its prison sentence will not be damaged both physically and mentally
by public authority, environment and other criminals during its
detention period, is created or not and how much the created spaces
are designed to fulfill the application of these functions. As a result in
order to discuss prisons as an architectural work, it is important to
understand the development of spatial change of prison atmosphere,
throughout the history and to understand the level of the reflection of
economic and political conditions, which are effective in this spatial,
organization of this space. Under all these circumstances, the change
of space understanding in prisons and the effect of punishment
practices to this spatial understanding should be studied.

OBJECTIVE: 
 Prisons have been one of the most neglected sectors in terms of
architecture. Most of the prisons in our country have been functioning
the way they used to since the British times. In terms of infrastructure
the prisons need tremendous up gradation. As one enters a space,
whether positive or negative, he is psychologically affected by that
space.
Prisons are not just meant to punish the convicted, but also make them
feel blameful of the offense he/she has committed by rehabilitation.
The prison environment should be designed in a way so as to make
the inmates repent, culpable, sinful, grounded and remorse over the
sins they committed. And reform them in a way so as they do not get
back to committing those mistakes once again The prisons that are
functioning at present have various psychological impacts on the
convicted which may or may not end up sculpting the individual into
the desired personality.

NEED OF PRIONS:
In context of architecture, prisons have never been looked upon
seriously. Even today jails are function in the same way as they used
to in British era. In terms of infrastructure the prisons need up
gradation. As one goes into the atmosphere he or she gets
psychologically affected by that very atmosphere in a good or bad
way. The current inmates are entirely different from old inmates. With
the current problems and economic upheaval, many people due to the
unrest and less employment have turned into drug addicts, rebel
gangs, underworld gangs, robbers etc. these activities have changed
the generation in a bad manner. So rehabilitation of inmates becomes
urgent and for that it is very important to study the psychology of
inmates. So the reformation in both moral and physical behavior
should be considered as reformatory punishment.

Prisons have becoming overcrowded day by day thus need of

developing new prisons is really important so that prisoners can be
accommodated in a proper atmosphere and with basic amenities of the
jail. Out of 0.38 million prisoners, 0.25 million prisoners have not
been found guilty but are still in custody on trial basis.

INDIAN PRISON SYSTEM:

Prisons in India are administrated and managed by the state

government, governed by the 1900 Prisons Act and the prisons
manuals of each state. The states have responsibility and authority
over the law, rules and regulations of the prisons. The model prison
manual is a guiding principle with which the Indian prisons are
governed. The central government only helps in the improvement of
the prisons around the country.
The Supreme Court of India has laid down three broads principles
regarding imprisonment and custody:

 A person does not become a non-person

 A person in prison is entitled to all human rights within the
limitations of imprisonment.
 There is no justification for aggravating already inherits in the
process of incarceration.

CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONS:
Classification of prisons in India is mostly on the basis of number of
prisoners to be accommodated, this basis of classification is widely
used in all the states.

 Central Jails:
Central jails are comparatively larger prisons that usually
accommodate offenders who have to serve a sentence that
is longer than 2 years. They are categorized differently in
different states.

 District Jails:
District jails are smaller in size when compared to central
jails. It serves as the main prison for the states without
central prison.

 Special Jails:
 Juvenile offenders and women prisoners are classified
under special prisons.

 Open Jails:
Open jails are minimum security prisons. Prisoners with a
clean record are usually admitted into open prisons.
Prisoners here are engaged in agriculture.

MAJOR PROBLEMS FACED IN INDIAN

PRISONS:

 Overcrowding
 Delay in trial
 Torture and ill treatment
 Neglect of health and hygiene
 Insufficient food and inadequate clothing
 Prison vices
 Deficiency in communication
 Streamlining of jail visits
 Management of open air prisons

STATISTICS:
According to the statistics derived from the 2015 census it is
observed that Kerala has the highest crime rate followed by
 Madhya pradesh, Assam, Haryana, Telengana, Rajasthan, Tamil
Nadu, Maharashtra, Arunachal Pradesh and Karnataka.

Kerala stands on the top of the chart with the highest literacy rate
(93.91) in India also it stands with the utmost number of crimes this
could be because the educated people get the crimes into notice.
Places like uttar pradesh have a large number of migrants followed by
bihar which could be the explanation for why these states have higher
crime rates.
 S
COPE:
By providing such a transitional space, between the prison premises
and the prisoner’s home, it will help guide the inmate, give him a
sense of progression and will make him look forward to being
rehabilitated and reformed into a completely different being who has
learnt from his mistakes and is ready to contribute constructively to
the society in some way after being released.

-This transition space could have various activities and programmes

which could help in the development of the inmates into responsible
citizens of our country:

-This project aims at reforming the purpose of a prison which

currently serves only as a place for punishment. It also aims at
reshaping the inmates into better individuals who in turn can help
contribute and serve back to the society.

LIMITATIONS:
SITE SELECTION:

The Telangana state government has allocated Rs 250 crore for a new
central prison for Warangal, informed the State Prisons Department
on June 7. The need for new jail premises arose after the state decided
to convert the existing jail infrastructure to a multi-speciality hospital.
The state prison department has already transferred 80 % of the 231
inmates to other jail premises.
The Director-general of state jails, Rajiv Trivedi on Monday told
media that the new jail will be built at Mamnoor fourth battalion
police camp premises. Revenue department officials have also carried
out a survey of the 100-acre land adjacent to the Mamoor police
battalion for the jail premises. The department has also begun the
process of shifting several of the industrial units that employed the
inmates. 

LOCATION:
Mamnoor Police Camp, Warangal, Telengana.
Area Alloted: 100 acres.
PROPOSED SITE

MAMNOOR POLICE CAMP