Chem113Lec-Activity 2-Carbohydrates Activity

1. Indicate whether the circled carbon atom in each of the following molecules is a chiral center
or achiral.

2. Indicate whether each of the following statements about stereoisomers is true or false.
a. Stereoisomers always have the same molecular formula.
b. Stereoisomers always have the same structural formula.
c. Stereoisomers are always nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other.
d. Stereoisomers always possess handedness.

3. Classify each of the molecules as D-enantiomer or an L-enantiomer.

4. Characterize the members of each of the following pairs of structures as enantiomers,

diastereomers, epimers or neither enantiomer nor diastereomer.
5. How many chiral centers are present in each of the following compounds?

6. Classify the following monosaccharides as an aldose or ketose.

7. Identify each of the following Haworth Projection formulas as that of an α-D-monosaccharide

or a β-D-monosaccharide.
8. Which of the disaccharides maltose, cellobiose, lactose and sucrose has each of the following
characteristics? More than one disaccharide may have the indicated characteristics.
a. Both monosaccharide units are the same.
b. An α(1→4) glycosidic linkage is present.
c. One of the monosaccharide components is galactose.
d. One of the monosaccharide components is fructose.
e. Hydrolysis produces two different monosaccharides.

9. Identify the type(s) of glycosidic linkage(s) [α(1→4), etc.] present in each of the following
carbohydrates, or indicate that none is present.
a. Maltose c. Stachyose e. Sucrose
b. Galactose d. Fructose

Answer

1. a. 6. a.
b. b.
c. c.
d. d.

2. a. 7. a.
b. b.
c. c.
d. d.

3. a. 8. a
b. b.
c. c.
d. d.
e.
4. a.
b. 9. a
c. b.
d. c.
d.
5. a. e.
b.
c.
d.