Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) User Input Costs ($) Life (yrs) Opt-0 Opt-1 Opt-2 Opt-3 Opt-4
First Cost 5,000,000 20,000,000 30,000,000 40,000,000 10,000,000
Project Information Life (years) 5 51 51 51 5
Project Name Federal Building Part Replacement $ 35,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 5,000,000 20,000,000
Project Location Region 4 Replcmnt Life (yrs) 15 10 15 15 30
Project Number ABC-123-456-789-XYZ Operation-Mainten 1,000,000 1,000,000 750,000 500,000 500,000
Electric / Dist CHW 50,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 150,000
Options Input Description Nat. Gas / Dist HW 300,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 50,000
0 Existing Fuel Oil / Dist HW
1 Low First Cost
2 Medium First Cost Present Values
3 High First Cost Years from Ending Present Vaule at Year Ending
4 Low First High Upgrade Cost Servce Analys Year Opt-0 Opt-1 Opt-2 Opt-3 Opt-4
0 3 2006 6,325,883 21,333,480 30,997,178 40,660,876 10,660,876
NOT USED (for future Program) 5 8 2011 17,495,000 27,692,047 35,763,166 43,834,284 23,834,284
General Information Comments 6 9 2012 18,666,807 28,920,334 36,685,282 44,450,231 24,450,231
Project Type 2 1=Commercial 2=Federal 7 10 2013 19,845,254 30,153,556 37,610,808 45,068,061 25,068,061
Analysis Year 2003 Year of this study 8 11 2014 21,020,558 31,313,059 38,476,382 45,639,705 25,639,705
Service Year 2006 Year of Occupation 9 12 2015 22,202,388 32,501,368 39,364,826 46,228,284 26,228,284
Analysis (Years) 25 Max = 25 for Federal 10 13 2016 28,348,331 41,907,606 40,245,873 46,814,269 36,814,269
11 14 2017 29,487,939 43,078,143 41,122,736 47,397,457 37,397,457
Economic Factors (%) 12 15 2018 30,608,793 44,240,898 41,994,535 47,978,301 37,978,301
Inflation Rate 2.30 Real (inflation adjusted) 13 16 2019 31,700,989 45,380,427 42,849,422 48,548,546 38,548,546
Nominal Discount 5.57 Real Discount 3.20 14 17 2020 32,784,732 46,499,386 43,688,067 49,106,876 39,106,876
Main/Constr Costs 5.37 Main/Constr Labor 3.00 15 18 2021 65,598,760 47,617,355 50,634,370 53,481,820 49,663,778
16 19 2022 66,690,444 48,723,336 51,461,639 54,030,378 50,212,336
Utilities Escalation (%) Real (inflation adjusted) 17 20 2023 67,758,407 49,801,896 52,268,219 54,564,978 50,746,936
Electricity 5.00 Electricity 2.64 18 21 2024 68,824,731 50,873,328 53,069,010 55,095,128 51,277,086
Natural Gas (NG) 6.00 Natural Gas (NG) 3.62 19 22 2025 69,867,989 51,923,818 53,854,346 55,615,310 51,797,268
Fuel Oil No. 2 (FO) 4.00 Fuel Oil No. 2 (FO) 1.66 20 23 2026 75,910,520 60,051,339 54,633,210 56,130,435 62,312,393
25 28 2031 85,927,247 65,058,508 58,372,882 58,602,610 74,784,567
Specify Primary Energy for CHW, HTHW, Steam 30 33 2036 116,972,503 75,816,550 66,729,399 63,947,696 99,278,245
Dist Steam (NG/FO) 6.00 Use Nat Gas or Oil 3.62 35 38 2041 117,835,700 76,656,835 67,355,698 64,360,010 99,690,559
Dist HW (NG/FO) 6.00 Use Nat Gas or Oil 3.62 40 43 2046 118,687,841 77,484,820 67,972,712 64,766,052 100,096,601
Dist CHW (ELEC) 5.00 Use Electricity 2.64 45 48 2051 119,529,081 78,300,697 68,580,586 65,165,923 100,496,472
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Arch-551 (Fall-2001) Arch-552 (Spring-2002)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago

Life Cycle Costs

100,000,000

90,000,000

80,000,000

70,000,000

60,000,000
Opt-0
Cost

Opt-1
Opt-2
50,000,000
Opt-3
Opt-4
40,000,000

30,000,000

20,000,000

10,000,000

0
2006 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2031
Year

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Arch-551 (Fall-2001) Arch-552 (Spring-2002)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago

Present Amount P ($) 1000 Interest Rate I (%) 5 I= 0.05 N= 5

Yr No. Value Principal Principal
Jan 1 2004 0 1000.00 P Interest on Principal
Jan 1 2005 1 1050.00 P + P*I = P * (1 + I) ^ 1 N=1 1000 + 1000 * 0.05
Jan 1 2006 2 1102.50 (P+P*I) + (P+P*I) * I = P * (1 + I) ^ 2 N=2
Jan 1 2007 3 1157.63 1050 + 1050 * 0.05
Jan 1 2008 4 1215.51 Principal Interest on Principal
Jan 1 2009 5 1276.28 F=P*(1+I)^N N=5 P=F/(1+I)^N N=5
Future Amount F ($) on Jan-1/2009 of $1000 dollars deposited on Jan-1/2004 is $1276.28

( P / F ) I,N To find Present Value (P) of a Future Sum (F) P= F * ( P / F ) I,N P 1

( )in 
F (1  i ) n

( P / A ) I,N To find Present Value (P) of an Annual Sum (A) P= A * ( P / A ) I,N P (1  i )n  1

( )in 
A i(1  i) n
( A / F ) I,N To find Annual Value (A) of a Future Sum (F) A= F * ( A / F ) I,N A i i
)n 
F (1  i ) n  1

( A / P ) I,N To find Annual Value (A) of a Present Sum (P) A= P * ( A / P ) I,N A i(1  i) n
( )in 
P (1  i ) n  1
( F / P ) I,N To find Future Value (F) of a Present Sum (P) F= P * ( F / P ) I,N F i
( ) n  (1  i ) n
P

( F / A ) I,N To find Future Value (F) of an Annual Sum (A) F= A * ( F / A ) I,NF i (1  i ) n  1

)n 
A i
Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall-2001) Arch-552 (Spring-2002)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois FInstitute ofi )Technology
(1  n
1 (IIT), Chicago
)in 
A i

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall-2001) Arch-552 (Spring-2002)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago

Example: Future (F) Value of a Present (P) Sum.

$2,000 is deposited into a savings account that earns 6 % interest. What is the future value of this deposit after 10 years?
F = P * (F/P) = $2,000 * 1.791 = $3,582.00 What is the Present (P) value? P = P = $2,000
Example: Future (F) Value of a Annual (A) Sum.
$2,000 will be deposited annually into a savings account that earns 6 % interest. What is the future value of these deposits after 10 years?
F = A * (F/A) = $2,000 * 13.181 = $2,636.20
Example: Present (P) Value of a Annual (A) Sum.
$2,000 will be deposited annually into a savings account that earns 6 % interest. What is the present value of these deposits for 10 years?
P = A * (P/A) = $2,000 * 7.3601 = $2,636.20
Example: Present (P) Value of a Future (F) Sum.
A car dealer agrees to let you pay $20,000 at the end of 10 years for a car that you can start using now.
What is the cost of this car today?
P = F * (P/F) = $20,000 * 0.5584 = $11,168.00
Example: Annual (A) Value of a Future (F) Sum.
The parents of an 8 year old child estimate that they will need $80,000 (future dollars) in 10 years for the child’s college education.
How much must they deposit each year for the next 10 years at 6% interest to have $80,000 in the bank 10 years from now?
A = F * (A/F) = $80,000 * 0.07587 = $6,069.60 Note that $6,069.60 times 10 year is $60,696 and not $80,000.
The first years deposit earns interest for 10 years, the second years deposit earns interest for 9 years, etc.
Example: Annual (A) Value of a Present (P) Sum.
The loan on a car is $20,000 and the payment period is 10 years. What is the annual payment?
A = P * (A/P) = $20,000 * 0.13587 = $2,717.40 ($226.45/month??) Note if the payments are paid monthly then the principal
is reduced every month and the monthly payment is $222.05 which is less than $2,717.40 / 12 = $226.45.
What is the total cash payment and how much was paid in interest?
Cash paid = $2,717.40 * 10 years = $27,174.00. Interest = $27,174 - $20,000 = $7,174.

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall-2001) Arch-552 (Spring-2002)
 Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago

after 10 years?

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill LLP Arch-551 (Fall-2001) Arch-552 (Spring-2002)
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute Of Technology (IIT), Chicago

Time Value of Money INPUT RESULT Interest Rate I (%) = 6.00 0.0600
N P/F P/A A/F A/P F/P F/A SYMBOLS and FORMULAS
1 0.94340 0.94340 1.00000 1.06000 1.060 1.000
2 0.89000 1.83339 0.48544 0.54544 1.124 2.060 I Interest Rate per Time period (Years)
3 0.83962 2.67301 0.31411 0.37411 1.191 3.184 N Number of Time periods (Years)
4 0.79209 3.46511 0.22859 0.28859 1.262 4.375 P Present Value (Sum/Worth) of Money
5 0.74726 4.21236 0.17740 0.23740 1.338 5.637 F Future Value (Sum/Worth) of Money
6 0.70496 4.91732 0.14336 0.20336 1.419 6.975 A Annual Value (Sum/Worth) of Money
7 0.66506 5.58238 0.11914 0.17914 1.504 8.394
8 0.62741 6.20979 0.10104 0.16104 1.594 9.897 P/F Present Value of a Future Sum
9 0.59190 6.80169 0.08702 0.14702 1.689 11.491 P/A Present Value of an Annual Sum
10 0.55839 7.36009 0.07587 0.13587 1.791 13.181 A/F Annual Value of a Future Sum
11 0.52679 7.88687 0.06679 0.12679 1.898 14.972 A/P Annual Value of a Present Sum
12 0.49697 8.38384 0.05928 0.11928 2.012 16.870 F/P Future Value of a Present Sum
13 0.46884 8.85268 0.05296 0.11296 2.133 18.882 F/A Future Value of an Annual Sum
14 0.44230 9.29498 0.04758 0.10758 2.261 21.015
15 0.41727 9.71225 0.04296 0.10296 2.397 23.276 Discount Rates
16 0.39365 10.10590 0.03895 0.09895 2.540 25.673
17 0.37136 10.47726 0.03544 0.09544 2.693 28.213 Inflation Rate 2.30 X%
18 0.35034 10.82760 0.03236 0.09236 2.854 30.906 Nominal Discount 5.57 Dn %
19 0.33051 11.15812 0.02962 0.08962 3.026 33.760 Real Discount 3.20 Dr %
20 0.31180 11.46992 0.02718 0.08718 3.207 36.786
21 0.29416 11.76408 0.02500 0.08500 3.400 39.993 To Convert Real (Dr %) to Nominal (Dn %)
22 0.27751 12.04158 0.02305 0.08305 3.604 43.392 Dn = 100 * ( (1 + X/100) * (1 + Dr/100) -1 )
23 0.26180 12.30338 0.02128 0.08128 3.820 46.996 Real Nominal
24 0.24698 12.55036 0.01968 0.07968 4.049 50.816 3.00 5.37
25 0.23300 12.78336 0.01823 0.07823 4.292 54.865
26 0.21981 13.00317 0.01690 0.07690 4.549 59.156 To Convert Nominal (Dn %) to Real (Dr %)
27 0.20737 13.21053 0.01570 0.07570 4.822 63.706 Dr = 100 * ( (1 + Dn/100) / (1 + X/100) - 1 )
28 0.19563 13.40616 0.01459 0.07459 5.112 68.528 Nominal Real
29 0.18456 13.59072 0.01358 0.07358 5.418 73.640 7.00 4.59
30 0.17411 13.76483 0.01265 0.07265 5.743 79.058
Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merril, LLP 579371855.xls Interest-Tables
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago

DOE / FEMP Utilities Escalation Present & Uniform Values at Discount Rate = 3.00
Year Year Real Escalation Rates % Present Uniform
Ending No. Electric Nat Gas Fuel Oil Value Value
2006 1 -2.03 6.21 0.32 0.97 0.97
2007 2 -2.01 3.74 2.57 0.94 1.91
2008 3 0.01 2.65 2.3 0.92 2.83
2009 4 1.62 1.59 3.24 0.89 3.72
2010 5 2.57 2.12 2.43 0.86 4.58
2011 6 2.62 1.77 4.16 0.84 5.42
2012 7 2.16 1.23 4.26 0.81 6.23
2013 8 2.66 2.12 2.81 0.79 7.02
2014 9 -0.67 3.02 3.32 0.77 7.79
2015 10 1.28 3.38 4.19 0.74 8.53
2016 11 1.93 2.66 4.9 0.72 9.25
2017 12 2.16 2.83 3.99 0.70 9.95
2018 13 2.49 2.65 3.13 0.68 10.63
2019 14 2.44 2.30 3.12 0.66 11.30
2020 15 2.16 2.48 2.65 0.64 11.94
2021 16 2.30 2.83 2.53 0.62 12.56
2022 17 2.11 3.17 2.65 0.61 13.17
2023 18 1.88 2.99 2.53 0.59 13.75
2024 19 1.92 3.16 2.53 0.57 14.32
2025 20 1.87 2.98 2.65 0.55 14.88
2026 21 1.87 3.15 2.53 0.54 15.42
2027 22 1.87 2.97 2.53 0.52 15.94
2028 23 1.87 3.13 2.64 0.51 16.44
2029 24 1.87 2.96 2.53 0.49 16.94
2030 25 1.91 3.12 2.64 0.48 17.41
2031 26 1.86 3.12 2.53 0.46 17.88
2032 27 1.86 3.11 2.64 0.45 18.33
2033 28 1.91 3.10 2.53 0.44 18.76
2034 29 1.86 2.94 2.53 0.42 19.19
2035 30 1.88 3.08 2.57 0.41 19.60
2036 31 1.50 2.50 2.00 0.40 20.00
2037 32 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.39 20.39
2038 33 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.38 20.77

Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP DOE-FEMP Rates
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago

2039 34 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.37 21.13

2040 35 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.36 21.49
2041 36 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.35 21.83
2042 37 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.33 22.17
2043 38 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.33 22.49
2044 39 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.32 22.81
2045 40 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.31 23.11
2046 41 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.30 23.41
2047 42 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.29 23.70
2048 43 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.28 23.98
2049 44 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.27 24.25
2050 45 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.26 24.52
2051 46 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.26 24.78
2052 47 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.25 25.02
2053 48 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.24 25.27
2054 49 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.23 25.50
2055 50 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.23 25.73
2056 51 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.22 25.95
2057 52 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.22 26.17
2058 53 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.21 26.37
2059 54 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.20 26.58
2060 55 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.20 26.77
2061 56 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.19 26.97
2062 57 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.19 27.15
2063 58 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.18 27.33
2064 59 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.17 27.51
2065 60 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.17 27.68
2066 61 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.16 27.84
2067 62 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.16 28.00
2068 63 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.16 28.16
2069 64 1.00 2.50 2.00 0.15 28.31

Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E. Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP DOE-FEMP Rates
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Federal Building Option - 0 (Base) Description Existing

Costs at Year of Analysis General Information Economic Factors (%) Escalation (%) Nominal Real Cost ($)
Capital Cost ($) 5,000,000 Proj Type 2 Inflation Rate 2.30 Labor / Mainten 4.00 1.66 1,000,000
Life (Years) 5 Anlys Yr 2003 Nominal Disc 5.57 Electricity 5.00 2.64 50,000
Replacmnt Cost 35,000,000 Service Yr 2006 Real Discount 3.20 Natural Gas 6.00 3.62 300,000
Rplcmt Life Yrs 15 Anlys Yrs 25 Fuel Oil No.2 4.00 1.66 0

Year from Year Capital Cost Parts Mainten Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Total Present PV up to
Servc Anlys Ending & Replacmt Replacmnt Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ for Year Value PV Year
0 3 2006 5,494,962 0 1,050,686 -2.03 47,016 6.21 359,433 0.32 0 6,952,097 6,325,883 6,325,883
1 4 2007 0 0 1,016,618 -2.01 46,100 3.74 347,461 2.57 0 1,410,179 1,243,411 7,569,294
2 5 2008 0 0 1,085,897 0.01 50,025 2.65 341,913 2.30 0 1,477,835 1,262,704 8,831,998
3 6 2009 0 0 1,103,942 1.62 55,061 1.59 329,782 3.24 0 1,488,785 1,232,658 10,064,656
4 7 2010 0 0 1,122,287 2.57 59,719 2.12 347,454 2.43 0 1,529,460 1,227,111 11,291,767
5 8 2011 6,431,157 0 1,140,937 2.62 61,493 1.77 345,207 4.16 0 7,978,794 6,203,234 17,495,000
6 9 2012 0 0 1,159,897 2.16 60,604 1.23 334,892 4.26 0 1,555,392 1,171,806 18,666,807
7 10 2013 0 0 1,179,172 2.66 65,010 2.12 370,024 2.81 0 1,614,206 1,178,447 19,845,254
8 11 2014 0 0 1,198,767 -0.67 46,436 3.02 416,158 3.32 0 1,661,361 1,175,304 21,020,558
9 12 2015 0 0 1,218,688 1.28 58,244 3.38 447,054 4.19 0 1,723,986 1,181,830 22,202,388
10 13 2016 7,526,855 0 1,238,940 1.93 64,106 2.66 422,024 4.90 0 9,251,925 6,145,943 28,348,331
11 14 2017 0 0 1,259,528 2.16 67,438 2.83 443,403 3.99 0 1,770,369 1,139,608 29,487,939
12 15 2018 0 0 1,280,459 2.49 72,309 2.65 444,125 3.13 0 1,796,893 1,120,854 30,608,793
13 16 2019 0 0 1,301,737 2.44 73,533 2.30 431,650 3.12 0 1,806,920 1,092,196 31,700,989
14 17 2020 0 0 1,323,369 2.16 71,903 2.48 454,974 2.65 0 1,850,245 1,083,743 32,784,732
15 18 2021 8,809,231 47,087,621 1,345,361 2.30 75,289 2.83 495,768 2.53 0 57,813,269 32,814,028 65,598,760
16 19 2022 0 0 1,367,718 2.11 74,348 3.17 542,796 2.65 0 1,984,861 1,091,685 66,690,444
17 20 2023 0 0 1,390,446 1.88 72,569 2.99 540,782 2.53 0 2,003,797 1,067,962 67,758,407
18 21 2024 0 0 1,413,552 1.92 74,545 3.16 576,580 2.53 0 2,064,677 1,066,324 68,824,731
19 22 2025 0 0 1,437,042 1.87 75,160 2.98 572,380 2.65 0 2,084,583 1,043,258 69,867,989
20 23 2026 10,310,089 0 1,460,923 1.87 76,566 3.15 612,229 2.53 0 12,459,806 6,042,531 75,910,520
21 24 2027 0 0 1,485,200 1.87 77,998 2.97 605,590 2.53 0 2,168,787 1,019,200 76,929,720
22 25 2028 0 0 1,509,881 1.87 79,456 3.13 648,256 2.64 0 2,237,593 1,018,964 77,948,684
23 26 2029 0 0 1,534,972 1.87 80,942 2.96 640,476 2.53 0 2,256,390 995,697 78,944,381
24 27 2030 0 0 1,560,479 1.91 83,334 3.12 687,669 2.64 0 2,331,483 996,966 79,941,347
25 28 2031 12,066,654 0 1,586,411 1.86 83,767 3.12 709,125 2.53 0 14,445,957 5,985,900 85,927,247
26 29 2032 0 0 1,612,774 1.86 85,325 3.11 729,196 2.64 0 2,427,295 974,632 86,901,879
27 30 2033 0 0 1,639,575 1.91 88,201 3.10 749,689 2.53 0 2,477,465 963,964 87,865,843
28 31 2034 0 0 1,666,821 1.86 88,529 2.94 736,598 2.53 0 2,491,947 939,566 88,805,409

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-0
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
29 32 2035 0 0 1,694,520 1.88 90,744 3.08 791,958 2.57 0 2,577,222 941,619 89,747,028
30 33 2036 14,122,491 60,293,755 1,722,679 1.50 81,724 2.50 677,655 2.00 0 76,898,303 27,225,475 116,972,503
31 34 2037 0 0 1,751,306 1.00 70,129 2.50 694,597 2.00 0 2,516,031 863,197 117,835,700
32 35 2038 0 0 1,780,409 1.00 70,830 2.50 711,962 2.00 0 2,563,200 852,141 118,687,841
33 36 2039 0 0 1,809,995 1.00 71,538 2.50 729,761 2.00 0 2,611,294 841,240 119,529,081
34 37 2040 0 0 1,840,073 1.00 72,254 2.50 748,005 2.00 0 2,660,332 830,491 120,359,572
35 38 2041 16,528,588 0 1,870,651 1.00 72,976 2.50 766,705 2.00 0 19,238,920 5,819,892 126,179,464
36 39 2042 0 0 1,901,737 1.00 73,706 2.50 785,872 2.00 0 2,761,316 809,441 126,988,905
37 40 2043 0 0 1,933,340 1.00 74,443 2.50 805,519 2.00 0 2,813,302 799,136 127,788,042
38 41 2044 0 0 1,965,468 1.00 75,188 2.50 825,657 2.00 0 2,866,313 788,975 128,577,017
39 42 2045 0 0 1,998,130 1.00 75,939 2.50 846,299 2.00 0 2,920,368 778,955 129,355,971
40 43 2046 19,344,619 0 2,031,334 1.00 76,699 2.50 867,456 2.00 0 22,320,108 5,769,074 135,125,045
41 44 2047 0 0 2,065,090 1.00 77,466 2.50 889,142 2.00 0 3,031,699 759,331 135,884,376
42 45 2048 0 0 2,099,408 1.00 78,241 2.50 911,371 2.00 0 3,089,019 749,723 136,634,099
43 46 2049 0 0 2,134,295 1.00 79,023 2.50 934,155 2.00 0 3,147,473 740,248 137,374,347
44 47 2050 0 0 2,169,762 1.00 79,813 2.50 957,509 2.00 0 3,207,085 730,905 138,105,251
45 48 2051 22,640,427 77,203,664 2,205,819 1.00 80,611 2.50 981,447 2.00 0 103,111,969 22,771,648 160,876,899
46 49 2052 0 0 2,242,475 1.00 81,417 2.50 1,005,983 2.00 0 3,329,875 712,604 161,589,504
47 50 2053 0 0 2,279,740 1.00 82,232 2.50 1,031,133 2.00 0 3,393,104 703,644 162,293,147
48 51 2054 0 0 2,317,624 1.00 83,054 2.50 1,056,911 2.00 0 3,457,589 694,807 162,987,954
49 52 2055 0 0 2,356,138 1.00 83,884 2.50 1,083,334 2.00 0 3,523,356 686,092 163,674,046
50 53 2056 26,497,754 0 2,395,292 1.00 84,723 2.50 1,110,417 2.00 0 30,088,186 5,677,497 169,351,543
51 54 2057 0 0 2,435,096 1.00 85,571 2.50 1,138,177 2.00 0 3,658,844 669,021 170,020,565
52 55 2058 0 0 2,475,562 1.00 86,426 2.50 1,166,632 2.00 0 3,728,620 660,662 170,681,227
53 56 2059 0 0 2,516,700 1.00 87,290 2.50 1,195,798 2.00 0 3,799,789 652,418 171,333,644
54 57 2060 0 0 2,558,522 1.00 88,163 2.50 1,225,693 2.00 0 3,872,378 644,287 171,977,931
55 58 2061 31,012,266 0 2,601,039 1.00 89,045 2.50 1,256,335 2.00 0 34,958,685 5,636,267 177,614,199
56 59 2062 0 0 2,644,263 1.00 89,935 2.50 1,287,743 2.00 0 4,021,942 628,358 178,242,557
57 60 2063 0 0 2,688,205 1.00 90,835 2.50 1,319,937 2.00 0 4,098,976 620,558 178,863,115
58 61 2064 0 0 2,732,877 1.00 91,743 2.50 1,352,935 2.00 0 4,177,555 612,864 179,475,979
59 62 2065 0 0 2,778,291 1.00 92,661 2.50 1,386,759 2.00 0 4,257,710 605,275 180,081,254
60 63 2066 36,295,931 98,856,105 2,824,460 1.00 93,587 2.50 1,421,428 2.00 0 139,491,511 19,215,861 199,297,115

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-0
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Federal Building Option - 1 Description Low First Cost

Costs at Year of Analysis General Information Economic Factors (%) Escalation (%) Nominal Real Cost ($)
Capital Cost ($) 20,000,000 Proj Type 2 Inflation Rate 2.30 Labor / Mainten 4.00 1.66 1,000,000
Life (Years) 51 Anlys Yr 2003 Nominal Disc 5.57 Electricity 5.00 2.64 250,000
Replacmnt Cost 10,000,000 Service Yr 2006 Real Discount 3.20 Natural Gas 6.00 3.62 150,000
Rplcmt Life Yrs 10 Anlys Yrs 25 Fuel Oil No.2 4.00 1.66 0

Year from Year Capital Cost Parts Mainten Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Total Present PV up to
Servc Anlys Ending & Replacmt Replacmnt Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ for Year Value PV Year
0 3 2006 21,979,847 0 1,050,686 -2.03 235,082 6.21 179,716 0.32 0 23,445,331 21,333,480 21,333,480
1 4 2007 0 0 1,016,618 -2.01 230,498 3.74 173,731 2.57 0 1,420,846 1,252,817 22,586,297
2 5 2008 0 0 1,085,897 0.01 250,125 2.65 170,957 2.30 0 1,506,978 1,287,605 23,873,902
3 6 2009 0 0 1,103,942 1.62 275,306 1.59 164,891 3.24 0 1,544,139 1,278,489 25,152,391
4 7 2010 0 0 1,122,287 2.57 298,595 2.12 173,727 2.43 0 1,594,609 1,279,381 26,431,772
5 8 2011 0 0 1,140,937 2.62 307,465 1.77 172,603 4.16 0 1,621,006 1,260,275 27,692,047
6 9 2012 0 0 1,159,897 2.16 303,018 1.23 167,446 4.26 0 1,630,360 1,228,286 28,920,334
7 10 2013 0 0 1,179,172 2.66 325,052 2.12 185,012 2.81 0 1,689,235 1,233,222 30,153,556
8 11 2014 0 0 1,198,767 -0.67 232,180 3.02 208,079 3.32 0 1,639,026 1,159,503 31,313,059
9 12 2015 0 0 1,218,688 1.28 291,222 3.38 223,527 4.19 0 1,733,437 1,188,309 32,501,368
10 13 2016 0 12,389,397 1,238,940 1.93 320,528 2.66 211,012 4.90 0 14,159,877 9,406,238 41,907,606
11 14 2017 0 0 1,259,528 2.16 337,188 2.83 221,702 3.99 0 1,818,418 1,170,537 43,078,143
12 15 2018 0 0 1,280,459 2.49 361,545 2.65 222,063 3.13 0 1,864,066 1,162,755 44,240,898
13 16 2019 0 0 1,301,737 2.44 367,666 2.30 215,825 3.12 0 1,885,228 1,139,530 45,380,427
14 17 2020 0 0 1,323,369 2.16 359,513 2.48 227,487 2.65 0 1,910,369 1,118,959 46,499,386
15 18 2021 0 0 1,345,361 2.30 376,445 2.83 247,884 2.53 0 1,969,689 1,117,969 47,617,355
16 19 2022 0 0 1,367,718 2.11 371,738 3.17 271,398 2.65 0 2,010,854 1,105,981 48,723,336
17 20 2023 0 0 1,390,446 1.88 362,843 2.99 270,391 2.53 0 2,023,680 1,078,559 49,801,896
18 21 2024 0 0 1,413,552 1.92 372,724 3.16 288,290 2.53 0 2,074,566 1,071,432 50,873,328
19 22 2025 0 0 1,437,042 1.87 375,802 2.98 286,190 2.65 0 2,099,034 1,050,490 51,923,818
20 23 2026 0 14,609,227 1,460,923 1.87 382,829 3.15 306,114 2.53 0 16,759,093 8,127,521 60,051,339
21 24 2027 0 0 1,485,200 1.87 389,988 2.97 302,795 2.53 0 2,177,983 1,023,522 61,074,861
22 25 2028 0 0 1,509,881 1.87 397,281 3.13 324,128 2.64 0 2,231,290 1,016,094 62,090,954
23 26 2029 0 0 1,534,972 1.87 404,710 2.96 320,238 2.53 0 2,259,920 997,254 63,088,209
24 27 2030 0 0 1,560,479 1.91 416,671 3.12 343,835 2.64 0 2,320,985 992,477 64,080,686
25 28 2031 0 0 1,586,411 1.86 418,835 3.12 354,562 2.53 0 2,359,808 977,822 65,058,508
26 29 2032 0 0 1,612,774 1.86 426,625 3.11 364,598 2.64 0 2,403,997 965,277 66,023,785
27 30 2033 0 0 1,639,575 1.91 441,006 3.10 374,845 2.53 0 2,455,425 955,388 66,979,174

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-1
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
28 31 2034 0 0 1,666,821 1.86 442,643 2.94 368,299 2.53 0 2,477,763 934,218 67,913,392
29 32 2035 0 0 1,694,520 1.88 453,718 3.08 395,979 2.57 0 2,544,217 929,561 68,842,952
30 33 2036 0 17,226,787 1,722,679 1.50 408,620 2.50 338,828 2.00 0 19,696,913 6,973,597 75,816,550
31 34 2037 0 0 1,751,306 1.00 350,644 2.50 347,298 2.00 0 2,449,248 840,285 76,656,835
32 35 2038 0 0 1,780,409 1.00 354,151 2.50 355,981 2.00 0 2,490,540 827,985 77,484,820
33 36 2039 0 0 1,809,995 1.00 357,692 2.50 364,880 2.00 0 2,532,568 815,878 78,300,697
34 37 2040 0 0 1,840,073 1.00 361,269 2.50 374,002 2.00 0 2,575,345 803,960 79,104,657
35 38 2041 0 0 1,870,651 1.00 364,882 2.50 383,352 2.00 0 2,618,885 792,229 79,896,886
36 39 2042 0 0 1,901,737 1.00 368,531 2.50 392,936 2.00 0 2,663,204 780,681 80,677,568
37 40 2043 0 0 1,933,340 1.00 372,216 2.50 402,760 2.00 0 2,708,315 769,314 81,446,882
38 41 2044 0 0 1,965,468 1.00 375,938 2.50 412,829 2.00 0 2,754,234 758,124 82,205,006
39 42 2045 0 0 1,998,130 1.00 379,697 2.50 423,149 2.00 0 2,800,976 747,109 82,952,116
40 43 2046 0 20,313,340 2,031,334 1.00 383,494 2.50 433,728 2.00 0 23,161,897 5,986,651 88,938,767
41 44 2047 0 0 2,065,090 1.00 387,329 2.50 444,571 2.00 0 2,896,991 725,591 89,664,358
42 45 2048 0 0 2,099,408 1.00 391,203 2.50 455,685 2.00 0 2,946,296 715,083 90,379,441
43 46 2049 0 0 2,134,295 1.00 395,115 2.50 467,078 2.00 0 2,996,487 704,738 91,084,179
44 47 2050 0 0 2,169,762 1.00 399,066 2.50 478,755 2.00 0 3,047,583 694,554 91,778,732
45 48 2051 0 0 2,205,819 1.00 403,057 2.50 490,723 2.00 0 3,099,599 684,527 92,463,260
46 49 2052 0 0 2,242,475 1.00 407,087 2.50 502,992 2.00 0 3,152,553 674,657 93,137,917
47 50 2053 0 0 2,279,740 1.00 411,158 2.50 515,566 2.00 0 3,206,464 664,939 93,802,856
48 51 2054 0 0 2,317,624 1.00 415,270 2.50 528,455 2.00 0 3,261,349 655,372 94,458,228
49 52 2055 0 0 2,356,138 1.00 419,422 2.50 541,667 2.00 0 3,317,227 645,953 95,104,181
50 53 2056 0 23,952,916 2,395,292 1.00 423,616 2.50 555,209 2.00 0 27,327,033 5,156,481 100,260,662
51 54 2057 109,378,998 0 2,435,096 1.00 427,853 2.50 569,089 2.00 0 112,811,035 20,627,550 120,888,212
52 55 2058 0 0 2,475,562 1.00 432,131 2.50 583,316 2.00 0 3,491,009 618,560 121,506,772
53 56 2059 0 0 2,516,700 1.00 436,452 2.50 597,899 2.00 0 3,551,052 609,710 122,116,482
54 57 2060 0 0 2,558,522 1.00 440,817 2.50 612,846 2.00 0 3,612,186 600,996 122,717,478
55 58 2061 0 0 2,601,039 1.00 445,225 2.50 628,167 2.00 0 3,674,432 592,416 123,309,894
56 59 2062 0 0 2,644,263 1.00 449,677 2.50 643,872 2.00 0 3,737,812 583,968 123,893,862
57 60 2063 0 0 2,688,205 1.00 454,174 2.50 659,968 2.00 0 3,802,347 575,650 124,469,512
58 61 2064 0 0 2,732,877 1.00 458,716 2.50 676,468 2.00 0 3,868,060 567,460 125,036,972
59 62 2065 0 0 2,778,291 1.00 463,303 2.50 693,379 2.00 0 3,934,974 559,395 125,596,367
60 63 2066 0 28,244,602 2,824,460 1.00 467,936 2.50 710,714 2.00 0 32,247,712 4,442,332 130,038,699

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-1
Energy Efficient Building Design Energy Efficient Building Design Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Federal Building Option -2 Description Medium First Cost

Costs at Year of Analysis General Information Economic Factors (%) Escalation (%) Nominal Real Cost ($)
Capital Cost ($) 30,000,000 Proj Type 2 Inflation Rate 2.30 Labor / Mainten 4.00 1.66 750,000
Life (Years) 51 Anlys Yr 2003 Nominal Disc 5.57 Electricity 5.00 2.64 200,000
Replacmnt Cost 8,000,000 Service Yr 2006 Real Discount 3.20 Natural Gas 6.00 3.62 100,000
Rplcmt Life Yrs 15 Anlys Yrs 25 Fuel Oil No.2 4.00 1.66 0

Year from Year Capital Cost Parts Mainten Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Total Present PV up to
Servc Anlys Ending & Replacmt Replacmnt Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ for Year Value PV Year
0 3 2006 32,969,770 0 788,015 -2.03 188,066 6.21 119,811 0.32 0 34,065,661 30,997,178 30,997,178
1 4 2007 0 0 762,463 -2.01 184,398 3.74 115,820 2.57 0 1,062,682 937,009 31,934,187
2 5 2008 0 0 814,423 0.01 200,100 2.65 113,971 2.30 0 1,128,494 964,217 32,898,404
3 6 2009 0 0 827,956 1.62 220,245 1.59 109,927 3.24 0 1,158,128 958,887 33,857,291
4 7 2010 0 0 841,715 2.57 238,876 2.12 115,818 2.43 0 1,196,409 959,899 34,817,190
5 8 2011 0 0 855,703 2.62 245,972 1.77 115,069 4.16 0 1,216,744 945,976 35,763,166
6 9 2012 0 0 869,923 2.16 242,414 1.23 111,631 4.26 0 1,223,967 922,117 36,685,282
7 10 2013 0 0 884,379 2.66 260,041 2.12 123,341 2.81 0 1,267,761 925,526 37,610,808
8 11 2014 0 0 899,075 -0.67 185,744 3.02 138,719 3.32 0 1,223,539 865,573 38,476,382
9 12 2015 0 0 914,016 1.28 232,978 3.38 149,018 4.19 0 1,296,011 888,444 39,364,826
10 13 2016 0 0 929,205 1.93 256,423 2.66 140,675 4.90 0 1,326,302 881,047 40,245,873
11 14 2017 0 0 944,646 2.16 269,751 2.83 147,801 3.99 0 1,362,198 876,863 41,122,736
12 15 2018 0 0 960,344 2.49 289,236 2.65 148,042 3.13 0 1,397,622 871,799 41,994,535
13 16 2019 0 0 976,303 2.44 294,133 2.30 143,883 3.12 0 1,414,319 854,888 42,849,422
14 17 2020 0 0 992,527 2.16 287,611 2.48 151,658 2.65 0 1,431,795 838,644 43,688,067
15 18 2021 0 10,762,885 1,009,020 2.30 301,156 2.83 165,256 2.53 0 12,238,317 6,946,303 50,634,370
16 19 2022 0 0 1,025,788 2.11 297,391 3.17 180,932 2.65 0 1,504,111 827,269 51,461,639
17 20 2023 0 0 1,042,834 1.88 290,274 2.99 180,261 2.53 0 1,513,370 806,580 52,268,219
18 21 2024 0 0 1,060,164 1.92 298,179 3.16 192,193 2.53 0 1,550,537 800,791 53,069,010
19 22 2025 0 0 1,077,782 1.87 300,641 2.98 190,793 2.65 0 1,569,216 785,336 53,854,346
20 23 2026 0 0 1,095,692 1.87 306,263 3.15 204,076 2.53 0 1,606,032 778,864 54,633,210
21 24 2027 0 0 1,113,900 1.87 311,990 2.97 201,863 2.53 0 1,627,754 764,947 55,398,157
22 25 2028 0 0 1,132,411 1.87 317,825 3.13 216,085 2.64 0 1,666,321 758,816 56,156,973
23 26 2029 0 0 1,151,229 1.87 323,768 2.96 213,492 2.53 0 1,688,489 745,094 56,902,067
24 27 2030 0 0 1,170,360 1.91 333,337 3.12 229,223 2.64 0 1,732,920 741,014 57,643,081
25 28 2031 0 0 1,189,808 1.86 335,068 3.12 236,375 2.53 0 1,761,251 729,801 58,372,882
26 29 2032 0 0 1,209,580 1.86 341,300 3.11 243,065 2.64 0 1,793,946 720,323 59,093,205
27 30 2033 0 0 1,229,681 1.91 352,804 3.10 249,896 2.53 0 1,832,382 712,967 59,806,172

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-2
Energy Efficient Building Design Energy Efficient Building Design Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
28 31 2034 0 0 1,250,115 1.86 354,115 2.94 245,533 2.53 0 1,849,763 697,436 60,503,608
29 32 2035 0 0 1,270,890 1.88 362,974 3.08 263,986 2.57 0 1,897,850 693,403 61,197,011
30 33 2036 0 13,781,430 1,292,009 1.50 326,896 2.50 225,885 2.00 0 15,626,220 5,532,388 66,729,399
31 34 2037 0 0 1,313,479 1.00 280,515 2.50 231,532 2.00 0 1,825,527 626,300 67,355,698
32 35 2038 0 0 1,335,306 1.00 283,321 2.50 237,321 2.00 0 1,855,948 617,013 67,972,712
33 36 2039 0 0 1,357,496 1.00 286,154 2.50 243,254 2.00 0 1,886,904 607,874 68,580,586
34 37 2040 0 0 1,380,055 1.00 289,015 2.50 249,335 2.00 0 1,918,405 598,880 69,179,466
35 38 2041 0 0 1,402,988 1.00 291,905 2.50 255,568 2.00 0 1,950,462 590,027 69,769,493
36 39 2042 0 0 1,426,303 1.00 294,825 2.50 261,957 2.00 0 1,983,085 581,314 70,350,806
37 40 2043 0 0 1,450,005 1.00 297,773 2.50 268,506 2.00 0 2,016,284 572,738 70,923,545
38 41 2044 0 0 1,474,101 1.00 300,750 2.50 275,219 2.00 0 2,050,070 564,298 71,487,842
39 42 2045 0 0 1,498,597 1.00 303,758 2.50 282,100 2.00 0 2,084,455 555,990 72,043,833
40 43 2046 0 0 1,523,501 1.00 306,796 2.50 289,152 2.00 0 2,119,448 547,813 72,591,646
41 44 2047 0 0 1,548,818 1.00 309,864 2.50 296,381 2.00 0 2,155,062 539,765 73,131,411
42 45 2048 0 0 1,574,556 1.00 312,962 2.50 303,790 2.00 0 2,191,308 531,843 73,663,254
43 46 2049 0 0 1,600,721 1.00 316,092 2.50 311,385 2.00 0 2,228,198 524,045 74,187,300
44 47 2050 0 0 1,627,322 1.00 319,253 2.50 319,170 2.00 0 2,265,744 516,370 74,703,670
45 48 2051 0 17,646,552 1,654,364 1.00 322,445 2.50 327,149 2.00 0 19,950,510 4,405,948 79,109,618
46 49 2052 0 0 1,681,856 1.00 325,670 2.50 335,328 2.00 0 2,342,853 501,378 79,610,996
47 50 2053 0 0 1,709,805 1.00 328,926 2.50 343,711 2.00 0 2,382,442 494,058 80,105,054
48 51 2054 0 0 1,738,218 1.00 332,216 2.50 352,304 2.00 0 2,422,737 486,852 80,591,906
49 52 2055 0 0 1,767,103 1.00 335,538 2.50 361,111 2.00 0 2,463,752 479,759 81,071,665
50 53 2056 0 0 1,796,469 1.00 338,893 2.50 370,139 2.00 0 2,505,501 472,776 81,544,441
51 54 2057 164,068,496 0 1,826,322 1.00 342,282 2.50 379,392 2.00 0 166,616,493 30,465,902 112,010,344
52 55 2058 0 0 1,856,671 1.00 345,705 2.50 388,877 2.00 0 2,591,254 459,136 112,469,479
53 56 2059 0 0 1,887,525 1.00 349,162 2.50 398,599 2.00 0 2,635,286 452,475 112,921,954
54 57 2060 0 0 1,918,892 1.00 352,654 2.50 408,564 2.00 0 2,680,110 445,917 113,367,871
55 58 2061 0 0 1,950,780 1.00 356,180 2.50 418,778 2.00 0 2,725,738 439,461 113,807,332
56 59 2062 0 0 1,983,197 1.00 359,742 2.50 429,248 2.00 0 2,772,187 433,106 114,240,438
57 60 2063 0 0 2,016,154 1.00 363,339 2.50 439,979 2.00 0 2,819,472 426,849 114,667,287
58 61 2064 0 0 2,049,658 1.00 366,973 2.50 450,978 2.00 0 2,867,609 420,690 115,087,977
59 62 2065 0 0 2,083,718 1.00 370,642 2.50 462,253 2.00 0 2,916,614 414,625 115,502,602
60 63 2066 0 22,595,681 2,118,345 1.00 374,349 2.50 473,809 2.00 0 25,562,184 3,521,357 119,023,959

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-2
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Federal Building Option - 3 Description High First Cost

Costs at Year of Analysis General Information Economic Factors (%) Escalation (%) Nominal Real Cost ($)
Capital Cost ($) 40,000,000 Proj Type 2 Inflation Rate 2.30 Labor / Mainten 4.00 1.66 500,000
Life (Years) 51 Anlys Yr 2003 Nominal Disc 5.57 Electricity 5.00 2.64 150,000
Replacmnt Cost 5,000,000 Service Yr 2006 Real Discount 3.20 Natural Gas 6.00 3.62 50,000
Rplcmt Life Yrs 15 Anlys Yrs 25 Fuel Oil No.2 4.00 1.66 0

Year from Year Capital Cost Parts Mainten Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Total Present PV up to
Servc Anlys Ending & Replacmt Replacmnt Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ for Year Value PV Year
0 3 2006 43,959,693 0 525,343 -2.03 141,049 6.21 59,905 0.32 0 44,685,991 40,660,876 40,660,876
1 4 2007 0 0 508,309 -2.01 138,299 3.74 57,910 2.57 0 704,518 621,201 41,282,078
2 5 2008 0 0 542,948 0.01 150,075 2.65 56,986 2.30 0 750,009 640,829 41,922,906
3 6 2009 0 0 551,971 1.62 165,183 1.59 54,964 3.24 0 772,118 639,285 42,562,191
4 7 2010 0 0 561,144 2.57 179,157 2.12 57,909 2.43 0 798,209 640,417 43,202,608
5 8 2011 0 0 570,468 2.62 184,479 1.77 57,534 4.16 0 812,482 631,676 43,834,284
6 9 2012 0 0 579,948 2.16 181,811 1.23 55,815 4.26 0 817,574 615,947 44,450,231
7 10 2013 0 0 589,586 2.66 195,031 2.12 61,671 2.81 0 846,288 617,830 45,068,061
8 11 2014 0 0 599,383 -0.67 139,308 3.02 69,360 3.32 0 808,051 571,643 45,639,705
9 12 2015 0 0 609,344 1.28 174,733 3.38 74,509 4.19 0 858,586 588,580 46,228,284
10 13 2016 0 0 619,470 1.93 192,317 2.66 70,337 4.90 0 882,124 585,985 46,814,269
11 14 2017 0 0 629,764 2.16 202,313 2.83 73,901 3.99 0 905,978 583,189 47,397,457
12 15 2018 0 0 640,229 2.49 216,927 2.65 74,021 3.13 0 931,177 580,843 47,978,301
13 16 2019 0 0 650,869 2.44 220,599 2.30 71,942 3.12 0 943,410 570,246 48,548,546
14 17 2020 0 0 661,685 2.16 215,708 2.48 75,829 2.65 0 953,222 558,330 49,106,876
15 18 2021 0 6,726,803 672,680 2.30 225,867 2.83 82,628 2.53 0 7,707,978 4,374,944 53,481,820
16 19 2022 0 0 683,859 2.11 223,043 3.17 90,466 2.65 0 997,368 548,558 54,030,378
17 20 2023 0 0 695,223 1.88 217,706 2.99 90,130 2.53 0 1,003,059 534,600 54,564,978
18 21 2024 0 0 706,776 1.92 223,635 3.16 96,097 2.53 0 1,026,507 530,151 55,095,128
19 22 2025 0 0 718,521 1.87 225,481 2.98 95,397 2.65 0 1,039,399 520,181 55,615,310
20 23 2026 0 0 730,461 1.87 229,698 3.15 102,038 2.53 0 1,062,197 515,125 56,130,435
21 24 2027 0 0 742,600 1.87 233,993 2.97 100,932 2.53 0 1,077,524 506,372 56,636,807
22 25 2028 0 0 754,940 1.87 238,369 3.13 108,043 2.64 0 1,101,352 501,538 57,138,345
23 26 2029 0 0 767,486 1.87 242,826 2.96 106,746 2.53 0 1,117,058 492,934 57,631,279
24 27 2030 0 0 780,240 1.91 250,003 3.12 114,612 2.64 0 1,144,854 489,551 58,120,830
25 28 2031 0 0 793,206 1.86 251,301 3.12 118,187 2.53 0 1,162,694 481,780 58,602,610
26 29 2032 0 0 806,387 1.86 255,975 3.11 121,533 2.64 0 1,183,895 475,369 59,077,979
27 30 2033 0 0 819,787 1.91 264,603 3.10 124,948 2.53 0 1,209,339 470,545 59,548,524

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-3
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
28 31 2034 0 0 833,410 1.86 265,586 2.94 122,766 2.53 0 1,221,763 460,654 60,009,179
29 32 2035 0 0 847,260 1.88 272,231 3.08 131,993 2.57 0 1,251,484 457,245 60,466,424
30 33 2036 0 8,613,394 861,339 1.50 245,172 2.50 112,943 2.00 0 9,832,847 3,481,272 63,947,696
31 34 2037 0 0 875,653 1.00 210,387 2.50 115,766 2.00 0 1,201,806 412,314 64,360,010
32 35 2038 0 0 890,204 1.00 212,490 2.50 118,660 2.00 0 1,221,355 406,042 64,766,052
33 36 2039 0 0 904,998 1.00 214,615 2.50 121,627 2.00 0 1,241,240 399,871 65,165,923
34 37 2040 0 0 920,037 1.00 216,761 2.50 124,667 2.00 0 1,261,466 393,799 65,559,721
35 38 2041 0 0 935,326 1.00 218,929 2.50 127,784 2.00 0 1,282,039 387,825 65,947,546
36 39 2042 0 0 950,869 1.00 221,118 2.50 130,979 2.00 0 1,302,966 381,946 66,329,492
37 40 2043 0 0 966,670 1.00 223,330 2.50 134,253 2.00 0 1,324,253 376,162 66,705,655
38 41 2044 0 0 982,734 1.00 225,563 2.50 137,610 2.00 0 1,345,906 370,471 67,076,126
39 42 2045 0 0 999,065 1.00 227,818 2.50 141,050 2.00 0 1,367,933 364,871 67,440,997
40 43 2046 0 0 1,015,667 1.00 230,097 2.50 144,576 2.00 0 1,390,340 359,361 67,800,358
41 44 2047 0 0 1,032,545 1.00 232,398 2.50 148,190 2.00 0 1,413,133 353,939 68,154,297
42 45 2048 0 0 1,049,704 1.00 234,722 2.50 151,895 2.00 0 1,436,321 348,603 68,502,900
43 46 2049 0 0 1,067,148 1.00 237,069 2.50 155,693 2.00 0 1,459,909 343,353 68,846,253
44 47 2050 0 0 1,084,881 1.00 239,440 2.50 159,585 2.00 0 1,483,906 338,187 69,184,440
45 48 2051 0 11,029,095 1,102,909 1.00 241,834 2.50 163,574 2.00 0 12,537,413 2,768,811 71,953,251
46 49 2052 0 0 1,121,237 1.00 244,252 2.50 167,664 2.00 0 1,533,153 328,100 72,281,351
47 50 2053 0 0 1,139,870 1.00 246,695 2.50 171,855 2.00 0 1,558,420 323,177 72,604,527
48 51 2054 0 0 1,158,812 1.00 249,162 2.50 176,152 2.00 0 1,584,126 318,332 72,922,859
49 52 2055 0 0 1,178,069 1.00 251,653 2.50 180,556 2.00 0 1,610,278 313,564 73,236,424
50 53 2056 0 0 1,197,646 1.00 254,170 2.50 185,070 2.00 0 1,636,885 308,872 73,545,296
51 54 2057 218,757,995 0 1,217,548 1.00 256,712 2.50 189,696 2.00 0 220,421,951 40,304,255 113,849,551
52 55 2058 0 0 1,237,781 1.00 259,279 2.50 194,439 2.00 0 1,691,498 299,711 114,149,262
53 56 2059 0 0 1,258,350 1.00 261,871 2.50 199,300 2.00 0 1,719,521 295,239 114,444,501
54 57 2060 0 0 1,279,261 1.00 264,490 2.50 204,282 2.00 0 1,748,033 290,838 114,735,339
55 58 2061 0 0 1,300,520 1.00 267,135 2.50 209,389 2.00 0 1,777,044 286,507 115,021,846
56 59 2062 0 0 1,322,131 1.00 269,806 2.50 214,624 2.00 0 1,806,562 282,244 115,304,090
57 60 2063 0 0 1,344,102 1.00 272,505 2.50 219,989 2.00 0 1,836,596 278,048 115,582,138
58 61 2064 0 0 1,366,438 1.00 275,230 2.50 225,489 2.00 0 1,867,157 273,919 115,856,058
59 62 2065 0 0 1,389,146 1.00 277,982 2.50 231,126 2.00 0 1,898,254 269,855 116,125,913
60 63 2066 0 14,122,301 1,412,230 1.00 280,762 2.50 236,905 2.00 0 16,052,197 2,211,294 118,337,207

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-3
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
Federal Building Option - 4 Description Low First High Upgrade Cost

Costs at Year of Analysis General Information Economic Factors (%) Escalation (%) Nominal Real Cost ($)
Capital Cost ($) 10,000,000 Proj Type 2 Inflation Rate 2.30 Labor / Mainten 4.00 1.66 500,000
Life (Years) 5 Anlys Yr 2003 Nominal Disc 5.57 Electricity 5.00 2.64 150,000
Replacmnt Cost 20,000,000 Service Yr 2006 Real Discount 3.20 Natural Gas 6.00 3.62 50,000
Rplcmt Life Yrs 30 Anlys Yrs 25 Fuel Oil No.2 4.00 1.66 0

Year from Year Capital Cost Parts Mainten Electricity Natural Gas Fuel Oil Total Present PV up to
Servc Anlys Ending & Replacmt Replacmnt Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ Esc % Cost $ for Year Value PV Year
0 3 2006 10,989,923 0 525,343 -2.03 141,049 6.21 59,905 0.32 0 11,716,221 10,660,876 10,660,876
1 4 2007 0 0 508,309 -2.01 138,299 3.74 57,910 2.57 0 704,518 621,201 11,282,078
2 5 2008 0 0 542,948 0.01 150,075 2.65 56,986 2.30 0 750,009 640,829 11,922,906
3 6 2009 0 0 551,971 1.62 165,183 1.59 54,964 3.24 0 772,118 639,285 12,562,191
4 7 2010 0 0 561,144 2.57 179,157 2.12 57,909 2.43 0 798,209 640,417 13,202,608
5 8 2011 12,862,314 0 570,468 2.62 184,479 1.77 57,534 4.16 0 13,674,796 10,631,676 23,834,284
6 9 2012 0 0 579,948 2.16 181,811 1.23 55,815 4.26 0 817,574 615,947 24,450,231
7 10 2013 0 0 589,586 2.66 195,031 2.12 61,671 2.81 0 846,288 617,830 25,068,061
8 11 2014 0 0 599,383 -0.67 139,308 3.02 69,360 3.32 0 808,051 571,643 25,639,705
9 12 2015 0 0 609,344 1.28 174,733 3.38 74,509 4.19 0 858,586 588,580 26,228,284
10 13 2016 15,053,710 0 619,470 1.93 192,317 2.66 70,337 4.90 0 15,935,834 10,585,985 36,814,269
11 14 2017 0 0 629,764 2.16 202,313 2.83 73,901 3.99 0 905,978 583,189 37,397,457
12 15 2018 0 0 640,229 2.49 216,927 2.65 74,021 3.13 0 931,177 580,843 37,978,301
13 16 2019 0 0 650,869 2.44 220,599 2.30 71,942 3.12 0 943,410 570,246 38,548,546
14 17 2020 0 0 661,685 2.16 215,708 2.48 75,829 2.65 0 953,222 558,330 39,106,876
15 18 2021 17,618,461 0 672,680 2.30 225,867 2.83 82,628 2.53 0 18,599,637 10,556,902 49,663,778
16 19 2022 0 0 683,859 2.11 223,043 3.17 90,466 2.65 0 997,368 548,558 50,212,336
17 20 2023 0 0 695,223 1.88 217,706 2.99 90,130 2.53 0 1,003,059 534,600 50,746,936
18 21 2024 0 0 706,776 1.92 223,635 3.16 96,097 2.53 0 1,026,507 530,151 51,277,086
19 22 2025 0 0 718,521 1.87 225,481 2.98 95,397 2.65 0 1,039,399 520,181 51,797,268
20 23 2026 20,620,178 0 730,461 1.87 229,698 3.15 102,038 2.53 0 21,682,375 10,515,125 62,312,393
21 24 2027 0 0 742,600 1.87 233,993 2.97 100,932 2.53 0 1,077,524 506,372 62,818,765
22 25 2028 0 0 754,940 1.87 238,369 3.13 108,043 2.64 0 1,101,352 501,538 63,320,303
23 26 2029 0 0 767,486 1.87 242,826 2.96 106,746 2.53 0 1,117,058 492,934 63,813,236
24 27 2030 0 0 780,240 1.91 250,003 3.12 114,612 2.64 0 1,144,854 489,551 64,302,788
25 28 2031 24,133,308 0 793,206 1.86 251,301 3.12 118,187 2.53 0 25,296,002 10,481,780 74,784,567
26 29 2032 0 0 806,387 1.86 255,975 3.11 121,533 2.64 0 1,183,895 475,369 75,259,937
27 30 2033 0 0 819,787 1.91 264,603 3.10 124,948 2.53 0 1,209,339 470,545 75,730,482

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-4
Energy Efficient Building Design College of Architecture Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), Chicago
28 31 2034 0 0 833,410 1.86 265,586 2.94 122,766 2.53 0 1,221,763 460,654 76,191,137
29 32 2035 0 0 847,260 1.88 272,231 3.08 131,993 2.57 0 1,251,484 457,245 76,648,381
30 33 2036 28,244,982 34,453,574 861,339 1.50 245,172 2.50 112,943 2.00 0 63,918,010 22,629,864 99,278,245
31 34 2037 0 0 875,653 1.00 210,387 2.50 115,766 2.00 0 1,201,806 412,314 99,690,559
32 35 2038 0 0 890,204 1.00 212,490 2.50 118,660 2.00 0 1,221,355 406,042 100,096,601
33 36 2039 0 0 904,998 1.00 214,615 2.50 121,627 2.00 0 1,241,240 399,871 100,496,472
34 37 2040 0 0 920,037 1.00 216,761 2.50 124,667 2.00 0 1,261,466 393,799 100,890,271
35 38 2041 33,057,175 0 935,326 1.00 218,929 2.50 127,784 2.00 0 34,339,214 10,387,825 111,278,096
36 39 2042 0 0 950,869 1.00 221,118 2.50 130,979 2.00 0 1,302,966 381,946 111,660,042
37 40 2043 0 0 966,670 1.00 223,330 2.50 134,253 2.00 0 1,324,253 376,162 112,036,204
38 41 2044 0 0 982,734 1.00 225,563 2.50 137,610 2.00 0 1,345,906 370,471 112,406,676
39 42 2045 0 0 999,065 1.00 227,818 2.50 141,050 2.00 0 1,367,933 364,871 112,771,547
40 43 2046 38,689,238 0 1,015,667 1.00 230,097 2.50 144,576 2.00 0 40,079,578 10,359,361 123,130,907
41 44 2047 0 0 1,032,545 1.00 232,398 2.50 148,190 2.00 0 1,413,133 353,939 123,484,846
42 45 2048 0 0 1,049,704 1.00 234,722 2.50 151,895 2.00 0 1,436,321 348,603 123,833,449
43 46 2049 0 0 1,067,148 1.00 237,069 2.50 155,693 2.00 0 1,459,909 343,353 124,176,802
44 47 2050 0 0 1,084,881 1.00 239,440 2.50 159,585 2.00 0 1,483,906 338,187 124,514,989
45 48 2051 45,280,855 0 1,102,909 1.00 241,834 2.50 163,574 2.00 0 46,789,173 10,333,103 134,848,092
46 49 2052 0 0 1,121,237 1.00 244,252 2.50 167,664 2.00 0 1,533,153 328,100 135,176,192
47 50 2053 0 0 1,139,870 1.00 246,695 2.50 171,855 2.00 0 1,558,420 323,177 135,499,369
48 51 2054 0 0 1,158,812 1.00 249,162 2.50 176,152 2.00 0 1,584,126 318,332 135,817,701
49 52 2055 0 0 1,178,069 1.00 251,653 2.50 180,556 2.00 0 1,610,278 313,564 136,131,265
50 53 2056 52,995,508 0 1,197,646 1.00 254,170 2.50 185,070 2.00 0 54,632,393 10,308,872 146,440,137
51 54 2057 0 0 1,217,548 1.00 256,712 2.50 189,696 2.00 0 1,663,956 304,255 146,744,393
52 55 2058 0 0 1,237,781 1.00 259,279 2.50 194,439 2.00 0 1,691,498 299,711 147,044,104
53 56 2059 0 0 1,258,350 1.00 261,871 2.50 199,300 2.00 0 1,719,521 295,239 147,339,343
54 57 2060 0 0 1,279,261 1.00 264,490 2.50 204,282 2.00 0 1,748,033 290,838 147,630,181
55 58 2061 62,024,532 0 1,300,520 1.00 267,135 2.50 209,389 2.00 0 63,801,576 10,286,507 157,916,687
56 59 2062 0 0 1,322,131 1.00 269,806 2.50 214,624 2.00 0 1,806,562 282,244 158,198,931
57 60 2063 0 0 1,344,102 1.00 272,505 2.50 219,989 2.00 0 1,836,596 278,048 158,476,980
58 61 2064 0 0 1,366,438 1.00 275,230 2.50 225,489 2.00 0 1,867,157 273,919 158,750,899
59 62 2065 0 0 1,389,146 1.00 277,982 2.50 231,126 2.00 0 1,898,254 269,855 159,020,754
60 63 2066 72,591,862 56,489,203 1,412,230 1.00 280,762 2.50 236,905 2.00 0 131,010,961 18,047,610 177,068,364

Instructor: Varkie C. Thomas, Ph.D., P.E., CEM Skidmore, Owings Merrill, LLP Opt-4