INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR RELAY LABORATORY DEPT.

OF EEE

SYLLABUS
RELAY AND HIGH VOLTAGE LABORATORY (18EEL77)
Total Six experiments are to be conducted by selecting Two experiments from each Part A
Part – B and Part – C. The experiments under Part – D is compulsory.

Part – A
1Over Current Relay: (a)Inverse Definite Minimum Time(IDMT)Non-Directional
Characteristics (b) Directional Features (c) IDMT Directional.
2 IDMT Characteristics of Over Voltage or Under Voltage Relay (Solid State or
Electromechanical type).
3 Operation of Negative Sequence Relay.

Part – B
4 Operating Characteristics of Microprocessor Based (Numeric) Over –Current Relay.
5 Operating Characteristics of Microprocessor Based (Numeric) Distance Relay.
6 Operating Characteristics of Microprocessor Based (Numeric) Over/Under Voltage Relay.

Part - C
7 Generation Protection: Merz Price Scheme.
8 Feeder Protection against Faults.
9 Motor Protection against Faults.

Part - D
10 Spark Over Characteristics of Air subjected to High Voltage AC with Spark Voltage
Corrected to Standard Temperature and Pressure for Uniform [as per IS1876: 2005]and Non-
uniform [as per IS2071(Part 1) : 1993] Configurations: Sphere – Sphere, Point –Plane, Point –
Point and Plane – Plane.
11 Spark Over Characteristics of Air subjected to High voltage DC.
12 Measurement of HVAC and HVDC using Standard Spheres as per IS 1876 :2005
13 Measurement of Breakdown Strength of Transformer Oil as per IS 1876 :2005
14 Field Mapping using Electrolytic Tank for any one of the following Models: Cable/
Capacitor/Transmission Line/ Sphere Gap.
15 (a) Generation of standard lightning impulse voltage and to determine efficiency and energy
of impulse generator. (b) To determine 50% probability flashover voltage for air insulation
subjected to impulse voltage.

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 INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR RELAY LABORATORY DEPT. OF EEE

Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Bidar

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Relay & High Voltage Lab (18EEL77)

CYCLE – I

Sl. No NAME OF EXPERIMENTS

01 Over Current Relay: Inverse Definite Minimum Time(IDMT)Non-Directional

Characteristics
02 IDMT Characteristics of Over Voltage or Under Voltage Relay (Solid State or
Electromechanical type).
03 Operation of Negative Sequence Relay.
04 Operating Characteristics of Microprocessor Based Over/Under Voltage Relay.

CYCLE –II
Sl. No NAME OF EXPERIMENTS

05 Field Mapping using Electrolytic Tank for any one of the following Models: Cable/
Capacitor/
Transmission Line/ Sphere Gap.
06 Measurement of Breakdown Strength of Transformer Oil
07 Generation Protection: Merz Price Scheme.
08

Sl. No EXPERIMENTS BEYOND SYLLABUS

09 Current time characteristics of given FUSE wire

10 To determine the Zero Sequence reactance of Alternator

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 INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR RELAY LABORATORY DEPT. OF EEE

Subject Code:18EEL77
Experiment No. 01
Exp. No. 01 Electromechanical over current relay (single phase): E MOC – A

AIM: Determine the inverse trip-time characteristic of a single phase Electromechanical over current
relay.
Apparatus: - 1) Over current relay test kit.
2) Secondary current injection kit MODEL PSCI-S (EM)
3) Connecting leads (BNC)
PROCEDURE:-1) Connect the circuit as per inter connection diagram Fig.5
2) Set the over current relay (CDG-11) 0.5/0.75…….2A Using plug setting.
3) Set the TMS (say 0.6/0.7/0.8/ or 1.0) as per your requirement.
4) Ensure that, the time interval meter selection switch in ‘TIM’ position.
5) Ensure that, the protection timer switch in ‘ON’ position.
6) Keep the togle switch at SET Mode connect the power cards (Mains).
7) Bring the dimmer to zero position.
8) Put on the mains using mains on switch (Rocker). Observe the results main indicator
“ON “Ammeter display, relay power and timer display will glow.
9) Push TEST START BUTTON, CB ON Indicator glow.
10) Adjust the dimmer set the approximate injection current (within 30 seconds.
Otherwise protection timer will activate and circuit breaker will be ‘OFF’.)
11) PUSH TEST STOP RESET BUTTON.
12) Don’t disturb the dimmer.
13) SELECT the Toggle switch (Red colour) at ‘TEST’ mode.
14) SET the toggle switch of protection timer at by pass mode.
15)’ PUSH TEST START BUTTON’. Not down the current (observe the results circuit
breaker ON, CB ON Indicator will glow; time interval meter starts Up counting.
Protection timer starts down counting over current relay trip occurs. Trip indicator
will glow at relay and injector unit also. If buzzer switch is ‘ON’ it gives the beep
sound.
16) Note down the time interval meter reading (pick up time).
17) Press the RESET BUTTON.
18) Repeat the operation steps 5 to 16. By adjusting the different current and TMS
settings.
19) After taking the readings switch OFF the main supply.
20) Draw the graph Trip time V/s PSM (Plug setting multiplier)

Note: - 1) LEFT SIDE OF THE PANEL CURRENT SELECTOR SWITCH IS

PROVIDED FOR SELECTING THE CURRENT.
POSITION 1 - 1A; POS2 – 2A; POS3 = 5A
POS4 = 10A; POS 5 = 20A; POS 6 = 50H.
2) FOR GETTING CURRENT READING METER DESPLAY X WAIT

OF THE SWITCH e.g. METER READs 0.500; SWITCH IS IN POS 4(10H) =

RESULT CURRENT IS 5 A.

NOTE: - FOR FINDING UP THE PICK UP CURRENT PROTECTION TIMER

SWITCH IN BY PASS POSITION AND MODE SWITCH KEPT AT
TEST POSITION.AFTER TEST START GRADULLY INCREASE THE
DIMMER FROM ZERO TO YOU CURRENT SET VALUE AND WHEN THE
TRIP INDICATOR LED STARTS BLINKING NOTE DOWN THE

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 INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR RELAY LABORATORY DEPT. OF EEE

PICK UP CURRENT.

INTER CONNECTION DIAGRAM

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5.0 CALCULATION
How to find out the PAM (Plug setting Multiplier)

Fault Current
PSM = ------------------------
Plug setting

If CT used

Fault Current (primary current)

PSM= -------------------------------------------------------------------
Plug setting (Primary Setting Current) x CT ratio

Actual Operating time (Ta) in sec.

TSM = -----------------------------------------------------------------
Calibrated Operating Time for TSM = (Tc) in sec.

Characteristics Curve to be draw = Trip time Vs PSM

6.0 EXAMPLE.

Relay current setting is 150% (Relay 100% = 5A) and has Time multiplier setting of 0.5, the relay has
connected in the circuit through a C.T. having ratio 500:5 amps 500/5A. Fault current is 600Amps.
Relay characteristics as assume for PSM 8 = 3.15sec at TMS is 1.

Solution:
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150% = 1.5A

5
See fault current 6000A x =60 A
500

1
Plug setting multiplier PSM = 60 X =8
5 X 1.5

Time from graph against this multiplier is 3.15sec.

Operating time = 3.15 x 0.5 = 1.575sec.

7.0 Table: 1

PLUG SETTING (SET CURRENT OF RELAY)

Time multiplier setting (TMS): 1

Sl.No. TSM Plug Fault PSM (Plug setting Operating Time inSeconds.
(Time Setting Current Multiplier) = (Actual Time
Setting Fault current/plug Of Operation
Multiplier) setting Of relay)

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8.0 Some of the equations for the inverse time modules.

The type of the inverse time module of the relay, i.e the equation for the characteristics curve can
be selected from the five groups, that each have four or more curves, or equations. The five groups are
called by the following names:

Group 1: IEC
Group 2: IEEE C37.112
Group 3: ABB
Group 4: ANSI
Group 5: IAC
Group 6: MIC
Group 7: a variant of IEEE C37.112

GROUP 1 IEC
GENERAL EQUATION FOR GROUP 1

A
Tp = TD x -- - - --- - - - - - - - - - +B)
Mp - 1

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Tp = operating time in seconds

TD = time multiplier setting
M = applied multiplies of set current value (=I/Is)

For standard inverse (1) A = 0.14, B = 0.0, P = 0.02

For very Inverse (2) A = 13.5, B = 0.0, P = 1.0

For Extremely Inverse (3): A = 80.0, B = 0.0, P = 2.00

9.0 Characteristics Curve draw Time vs PSM using std inv formula.

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Subject Code:18EEL77
Experiment No. 02
Exp. No.02 A) DMT CHARACTERISTICS OF UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY

AIM: To conduct suitable experiment and thereby obtain the DMT characteristics of under
voltage relay.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. DC supply (0-500)V,(0-5)A – 01
2. Voltmeter (0-300)V MI – 01
3. Ammeter (0-5)A MI – 01
4. Bulb 60W – 01
5. Under voltage relay RMV – 301 – 01

PROCEDURE:
1. Made the connections as per circuit diagram.

2. Set the output of the autotransformer equal to zero output voltage.

3. Close the switch SI i.e. Switch on the supply.

4. Vary the output of the autotransformer to keep secondary 110V constant.

5. Give the auxiliary supply to relay by closing switch S2.

6. Reduce the output of transformer then the bulb will ‘ON’ and note this voltage

reading as pick up value.

7. Again increase the voltage with the help of auto transformer i.e. change the output

Voltage of auto transformer till the bulb should ‘OFF’. This gives the reset value of

Voltage at that point.

DMT CHARACTERSTIC OF UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY

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1PHASE AUTO
TRANSFORMER

.. .........
1 P HA S E 2 30 V 50 Hz

PH
7 10 17 11 3 1 22 28 26 24 9

FLAGINDICATOR
.. . . . .
N
8 15 19 12 2 21 25 13

..
230V50Hz/0-270V
8 A
1 P HA S E 2 30 V 50 Hz

+VE
POEWR SUPPLY

PH

N
.. -VE
230V 50Hz/ 110V DC
PH LAMP N 1PHASE 230V 50Hz

Drop out ratio = Pickup value/Reset value

TABULAR COLUMN:

Sl.No. Setting value Pick up value(V) Reset value(V) Drop out ratio

1. 44%
2. 55%
3. 66%
4. 77%
5. 88%

Result: Thus the experiment had been conducted and drop out ratio was calculated.

Subject Code:18EEL77
Experiment No. 02

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Exp.No.02 B) DMT CHARACTERISTICS OF OVER VOLTAGE RELAY

AIM: To obtain the DMT characteristics for the over voltage relay.
APPRATUS REQUIRED:
1. Over voltage relay (110-170% of nominal voltage)
2. Auxiliary supply voltage PV 110V DC – 01
3. 1Ø auto transformer (0-270) V – 01
4. Bulb 60W – 01
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (1):
1. Relay instantaneous electromechanical
2. Nominal voltage 110V
3. Over voltage can withstand 150% of the setting voltage continuously. Resetting
Voltage: Over voltage relay more than 90% of setting value.

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure.

2. Set the potentiometer knob against the punched marking corresponding to

minimum setting.

3. Now apply AC Voltage cross the relay terminals 7 & 8 through a variable voltage
source i.e. auto transformer. And increase it slowly such that relay just operates.

4. Measure that operating value (voltage) with a voltmeter. The operating value must
be within 15% of setting value.

5. Now reduce the voltages such that relay just resets. Measure the resetting value
with the same voltmeter. Resetting value shall be more than or equal to 90% of set value.

6. Verify operating and reset values of all the remaining settings and calculate drop out ratio.

Drop out ratio = Pick up value/Resetting value

DMT CHARACTERSTIC OF OVER VOLTAGE RELAY

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1PHASE AUTO
TRANSFORMER

.. .........
1PHASE 230V 50Hz

PH
7 11 5 10 3 1 22 20 26 24 9

FLAG INDI CATOR

... . . . . .
N
F
8 17 19 18 2 21 25 13

..
230V50Hz/0-270V
8 A
1PHASE 230V 50Hz

POEW R SU PPLY

PH +VE

N
.. -VE
230V 50Hz/ 110V DC
PH LAMP N 1PHASE 230V 50Hz

TABULAR COLUMN:

Sl.No. Setting Pick up value Reset value Drop out ratio

1. 121
2. 132
3. 143
4. 154
5. 165
6. 176
7. 187

Result: Thus the experiment had been conducted and drop out ratio was calculated.

Subject Code:18EEL77
Experiment No. 03
Exp.No. 3 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE RELAY
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AIM: To determine the Negative phase sequence current at unbalanced condition and single

phasing of a 3ø ac motor by using Negative phase sequence current relay

APPARATUS REQUIRED: 1. Negative sequence current relay Test kit. (model CTNS-
1A).
2. Injection unit
3. 3ø Motor (50 Hz, 440V, 1440rpm,37 KW
4. Rheostat (600Ω,1.5A)
5. Power cards
PROCEDURE FOR CONNECTIONS:

1. Connect the 3ø RYBN , Input supply to the circuit.

2. Connect output RYB to 3ø 0.5 HP 1440 rpm motor.
3. Connect rheostat in series with the R phase.
4. Then short the link S1 & S2 of R phase of CT i.e A1.
5. Connect Y phase CT output S1 to 1 of the static negative sequence relay and S2 to 2
of the relay.
6. Connect B phase CT output S1 to 3 of the relay and S2 to 4 of the relay.
7. Give the auxiliary source (supply) 230V to 14 and 15 of the relay and ground to 16.
8. Connect the relay output ‘NO’(8 & 9) to source unit ‘NO’.
9. Keep the relay setting at 3sec/6/9sec.
10. Operation Procedure:
1. First of all keep the rheostat at minimum position.
2. Switch ON the 3ø supply to the mode operation and another switch (mains).
3. Keep the toggle switch at SET mode operation and another toggle switch position
should be kept at TIM position.
4. Test start the push button for motor and observe the motor should run and negative
sequence relay ACTIVE LED should not glow.
5. If the active LED is ON, switch off the supply and interchange the phase sequence
(RYB to RBY) at input side.
6. If the phase sequence is correct then ACTIVE LED will be in OFF position and relay
will be in normal condition no fault condition.
7. Next press the Test stop push button and set the toggle switch at TEST mode.
8. Once again press Test Start push button and note down three ammeter reading A1. A2
and A3.
9. After taking the reading switch OFF the TEST STOP/RESET push button.

BALANCED CONDITION READINGS

Sl.No. Current in Current in Current in Time in

Phase R Phase Y Phase B Sec.

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1
2

UNBALANCED CONDITION READINGS:

1. To obtain the unbalanced condition (voltage /current)increase the resistance in R

phase using the rheostat.
2. Observe the ACTIVE LED, it glows to indicate the unbalanced condition.
3. Note down the three ammeter readings.
4. Increase the resistance value in steps (small values) and note down the reading.
Sl. Current in Current in Current in Time in
No. Phase R Phase Y Phase B Sec.
1
2

FOR NEGATIVE PHASE SEQYENCE:

1. Change the phase sequence and keep the rheostat at minimum position.
2. Switch ON the supply to circuit.
3. Run the three phase motor.(While running the ACTIVE LED will Glow)
4. Note down the three ammeter reading A1, A2 and A3.

Sl. Current in Current in Current in Time in

No. Phase R Phase Y Phase B Sec.
1
2

OPERATING INSTRUCTIIONS-SOLID STATE NEGATIVE PHASE RELAY TEST

KIT
1. Connect as per diagram 3 & 4.
2. Connect Aux. power cord.
3. Connect three phase input. (415V, 3ph)
4. Mains switch on.(Rocker)
5. Push CB ON button.- CB on indicate will glow.

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i) CB on indicate will glow.

ii) If motor connected, its starts running. Note down the ammeter readings.
6. Adjust the Rheostat to create the negative sequence (Unbalance)
7. Negative sequence relay gets “ACTIVE” and “TRIP”
8. Push “CB OFF./RESET”.
9. Without disturbing the rheostat switch on the “CB ON” and note down the ammeter
reading and trip timing.
10. Interchange the three phase R,Y,B sequence and Observe.

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Subject Code:18EEL77
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Experiment No. 04
EXPERMENT NO.4 MICROPROCESSOR BASED VOLTAGE RELAY.
AIM: -Determine the trip-time characteristics of microprocessor based over voltage relay.
APPARATURES: - 1) Over voltage / under voltage relay 1 No.

2) Relay testing kit microprocessor based.

3) BIT connectors.

PROCEDURE:- 1) First set over voltage relay at Vn = 110V. Don’t disturb the setting.
2) Adjust the setting voltage (Vs) of OV relay. Such as your requirement.
Use form Vs = [1+(0.05+∑a)] x Vn. E.g. Vs = [1+(0.05+0)]x110;Here
∑a=0 (When you select the DIP Switch as 1=OFF, 1=OFF; 3=OFF; 4
= OFF the ∑a=0 :. Vs – [1+(0.05)] x110- 115V
3) Set the dip switches for IDMT characteristics at 3.5 sec.(1=ON;2=OFF;
3=OFF; 4 = OFF by using dip switches and 5.7 sec for under voltage
normal inverse characteristic )and 1,10,100 sec of define time character.
4) Connect the patch card connection as shown in fig (5) i.e. connect V1 to
11And V2 to 12 (where V1 & V2 are marked below time interval meter
(TIM).
5) Connect the microprocessor relay point 5 and 6 to the marked point as
‘NO’ point and ‘NC’ should be short through Red link given.(Already
shorted by short link of red colors)

6) Connect the mains 230V AC supply to 2 and 3 of the relay. (Model µ

POVUV-U)

7) At stating keep both dimmer (auto transformer)at minimum position.

8) Select the S1 toggle switch (Not marked as S1) at set mode, second
toggle switch (S2) at “NOP” condition and S3-toggle switch at 330V (V-
set max value)

9) Before switch “ON” the main supply, to the testing kit, Select a toggle
switch at TIM position and timer switch at by pass position switch ON
main by pushing green push button and observe main “ON” indicator
voltmeter ammeter display relay power & timer display will show.

10) SET the fault voltage more than setting voltage (Vs) with the help of a
relay, in second dimmer and note the trip time of relay in seconds. (e.g.
Vs=180’Trip Time=18.53 secs).

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11) increase the setting voltage of relay the Trip-time ‘LED’ will starts
blinking when it exceeds the voltage Vn=110V. After tripping relay, if the
LID. Remains continuously glow, you can use the first dimmer for
necessary OFF or reset.

12) Again set the fault (pick up ) voltage equal to higher than the above
readings (Vs> 180V) and note the pick up time.

13) Press the RESET BUTTON.

14) Repeat operation (7-12) by adjusting different voltage & TMS settings.

15) Draw the graph Trip Time Vs PSM (plug setting multiplier).

NOTE:- FOR FINDING UP THE PICK UP VOLTAGE, PROTECTION TIMER SWITHC IN

BY PASS POSITION AND MODE SWITCH KEPT AT TEST POSITTION.
AFTER TEAT START GRADUALLY INCREASE THE DIMMER -2, FROM
ZERO(0) TO GE SET YOU VOLTAGE VALUE AND WHEN THE TRIP
INDICATOR LED STARTS

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BLINKING NOTE DOWN THE PICK UP VOLTAGE.

TMS:- 1; Over voltage normal inverse character = 3.5 sec.

Vn = 110V =PT setting (According to voltage setting for Vn = 110V, Make DIP’s as
S/W1 = ON; S/W 2= OFF; SW3 = OFF SW4 = OFF, (see front panel of relay)

Vs = [1+(0.05+∑a)]x 110.

Note (1) For over voltage increase the Vs in terms 105% to 180% of Vn.

Vs = 105% i.e. Vs = [1+ (0.05+0)] x 110.

= [1+0.05] x 110.
th
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=[1.05 x 110V = 115.5V. ∑a = 0) T o achieve ∑a = 0

Make the relay all switch OFF position,

1 = OFF; 2 = OFF; 3 = OFF ; 4 = OFF.

Vs = 115.5; TMS = 1; Normal inverse character = 3.5 sec.

Multiple of (Operating
set voltage Time in sec)
Sl. Setting Fault
Vs = Fault Actual Remarks
No. Voltage (Vs) Voltage
voltage plug operation of
set, volt. relay
01
02
03
04
05
06

Dip switch 1 -, OFF ; 2-ON; 3- OFF; 4 – OFF Dip Switch 1- ON; 2-OFF;3-OFF;
T = K (0.1+∑t) T = 3.5(0.1+∑t)
= 3.5 (0.1+0.40) = 3.5(0.1+0.8)(.. +∑t=0.8..e(0.8+0+0.10)
= 3.5 (0.5) =3.5(0.9)
=1.75 =3
Over Voltage
105 – 180
120%
Vs – (1+ (0.05)+∑a)Vn
= (1+ (0.05+0) x 110
= (1.05) x 110
= (1.05) x 110
IMPORTANT NOTE:- While setting the voltage Vs keep the first toggle switch at ‘set mode’
and protection time toggle switch at on condition. While taking the
reading of fault voltage and actual relay operate time keep the first
toggle switch at teat position & timer at pass position.

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4.1OPERATING INSTRUCTINS - µPBASED UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY TEST KIT.

1. Connect as per interconnection diagram – Fig. 5.

2. Set the relay UNDER voltage -(Setting procedure – refer LT MANUAL).
3. Set TMS
4. Ensure Time interval meter selection switch in TIM position.
5. Ensure Protection time switch is ON position.
6. Ensure S2 switch is ON position.
7. Bring both dimmers to zero position.
8. Bring Toggle switch ‘SET’ mode.
9. Connect the power card.
10. Put on the mains using on switch.(ROCKER). Results (mains on indicator, ammeter
display, relay power and Timer display will glow.)
11. Adjust the voltage level above the threshold level of Under voltage relay voltage setting
using dimmer 1.
12. Push RESET and TEST START BUTTON, CB on Indicator will glow.
13. Adjust the under voltage level (i.e. Less than relay set voltage) using dimmer 2. Within
30 second other wise protection timer will active and circuit breaker will be off.(to avoid
activation of protection timer use by pass switch of that timer)
14. Push TEST STOP/RESET BUTTON.
15. Don’t disturb the dimmer 1 & 2.
16. Bring Toggle switch TEST mode.
17. Push TEST START BUTTON, Note down the voltage.(Circuit breaker ON, CB ON
indicator will glow ,time interval meter up counting, Protection timer starts down
counting, Over voltage relay trip occurs TRIP indicator will glow at relay and injector
unit also. If buzzer switch is on it gives the beep sound.
18. Note down the Time Interval Meter reading .(drop off time)
19. Press the RESET button.
20. Repeat operation (11 – 19) by adjusting different voltage & TMS settings.
21. Draw the graph Trip time Vs PSM (plug setting Multiplier.)
NOTE: FOR FINDING UP THE DROP OFF VOLTAGE, PROTECTION TIMER
SWITCH IN BY PASS POSSTION, AND MODE SWITCH KEPT AT TEST
POSITION, DIMER 2 VOLTAGE BEYOND THE THRESHOLD LEVEL.
AFTER TEST START GRADUALLY DECREASE THE DIMER-2 FORM ZERO
TO YOUR CURRENT SET VALUE AND WHEN THE TRIP INDICATOR LED
STARTS BLINKING NOTE DOWN THE DROP OFF VOLTAGE.

CYCLE II

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Subject Code:18EEL77
Experiment No. 05
EXP. No. – 05 FIELD MAPPING USING ELCETROLYTIC TANK OF
1) PARALLEL PLATE CAPACTOR MODEL.
2) CO-AXIAL CABLE CAPACTOR MODEL.
AIM: To plot the equipotential field lines and calculate the capacitance and energy and to plot
capacitance and energy as a function of distance for a give. a)Parallel plate capacitor
model b)Co-axial cable capacitor model electrode configuration.
APPARATUS: auto transformed, electrolytic tank with pantograph arrangement. Isolation
transformer, 10 volts digital A.C voltmeter or multimeter. two drawing sheets.
Pencil and Eraser.
PROCEDURE:
NOTE: Taking care to see the parallel plate as well as the inside surface of the tank is clean or
not.
a) Parallel plate model.
1. The parallel plate capacitor model is placed inside the electrolytic tank.
2. Cleaned water is poured (added in to the electrolytic tank up to the tips of the
parallel plats.
3. Now drawing is fixed on the glass plate of the electrolytic tank.
4. Connection are made as per the circuit diagram and keep multimeter knob in
the AC mode.
5. Switch on the main supply.
6. Keep the pantograph needle on any one of the electrodes. Then applying a
small voltage of 10 volts by using autotransformer with the help of
multimeter.
7. First trace both the plates by using pantograph then trace equipotential lines
corresponding to voltage of 2 volt, 4 volt, 6 volt and 8 volts respectively.

CAALCULATIONS: After obtaining a family of equipotential lines on the drawing sheet, the
boundaries AC and BD is marked, then lines AB and CD of the electrodes lines

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are divided in to a equal parts in such a way square cells are obtained by
drawing the perpendicular lines to the equipotential lines. All the cells in the
region AE and CF have the same potential difference hence they are called
‘cells of the same kind’. The area between EF and DB consists of fractional
flux tubes, which is also once again divided into equal parts.
The total capacitance of the given parallel plate can be calculated as capacitance
of each cell = εo εr h/a

Where εo = permittivity = 8.854*10-12

εr = relative permittivity of water – 80.37

l = length of the fix line
b – width of the cell]
h – height of the parallel plates
therefore capacitance of each cell = (8.85 * 10-12)
such a way that the angle between the lines are 300 Measuring the length ‘1’ and width ‘b’ of
any of the cell.

Total capacitance of the cables is Cp = εo εr (m/n)(1/b)h Farads/ml

Where εo = permittivity = 8.854*10-12

εr = relative permittivity of water – 80.37

m = number of cell in parallel
n = number of cell in series (i.e. same size cells)
1 = length of the cell
b = width of the cell
h = height of the co-axial plates.
NOTE:θ0 = Are length / Radius
Where θ0 = 3600/12 in degree.
θ0 = (H/1800)* θ0 in radians
Are length 1 = (θ0 in radians)*( Radius)
The theoretical capacitance is given by Cr = (2H εo εr εrh)/In (R2/R1)
1
Energy as a function of distance E1 = *CV12
2
RESULT
Subject Code:18EEL77
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Experiment No. 06
Exp. No. 06 0 – 60KV OIL TEST KIT

AIM:- Determine the break down voltage. Dielectric strength of given transformer oil.
Apparatus: - 1) 0 – 60 KV oil test kit.
2) Oil testing cup (cell).
3) Gauge plate.
4) Stop watch.
Procedure :- 1) Adjust the electrodes in the oil test cup for required gap and lock it in position
with the help of screws provided.
2) Fill 80% of the cup with the given sample transformer oil and place the cup on
the ‘HV’ Transformer bushings.
3) Close the top door (cover). (which) is door inter lock switch is provided for
safety).
4) Adjust the variable transformer (Dimmer) to zero position.
5) Switch ‘ON’ the main supply by toggle switch and observe that the unity
ready indicator will glow.
6) If unit ready indicator glows press the ‘IIT’ push button then IIT Indicator
will glow.
7) Increase the voltage (2KV/sec) to the required level until the break down
occurs. After break down voltage the HT will get disconnected.
8) Note the break down voltage by pressing memory push button.

9) Take the different three reading by repeating the steps 4 to 8.

10) Calculate the mean value of B.D.V.

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Gap of electrodes - 2.5MM

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Sl. Applied Time Break down Mean value

No. voltage voltage
In KV
1
2
3

Precaution: - 1) Ensure that, perfect earthing connection is done to oil testing set.
2) Top cover should be closed while conducting experiment.
Standard front panel indicators.
1. Mains ’ON’ indicator.
2. IIT ‘OFF’ indicator.
3. HT ‘ON’ indicator.
4. HT Limit to indicator that 60KV output is reached.
5. UNIT ready indicator.

Front panel controls.

1. Main ON/OFF switch.
2. HT ON PUSH button
3. Memory push button.
4. Fuse Holder.

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Subject Code:18EEL77
Experiment No. 07
EXP. No. 07 Study of Motor Protection Scheme using MPR30 RelayAim:- To realize and study
the working of a three-phase induction motor protection scheme

Using the motor protection multi-function relay MM10.

Introductory Information
In this experiment we study the operation of a protection scheme for a three-phase induction
motor which makes use of motor protection relay MPR30 which is manufactured by Larsen
& Toubro Ltd. Relay MPR300 is a three-phase LT motor protection relay for motor sizes up
to 50KW (max. 88 A current). It is a low cost solution, offering five major protections for
motors widely used in fans, pumps, crushers, mills, compressors, belt conveyors, centrifuges,
mixers, ventilators, escalators, motorized valves etc. Major advantage is that it provides E/F
co-ordination in contactor-started motors, thus offering greater security, operator safety and
economy. The relay is micro controller based, highly user friendly and compact with inbuilt
CTs. The relay can also be used for protection of larger motors by using external CTs. medium
voltage and high voltage sub-stations.
Figure 1 shows the front panel connections in the trainer kit which is used to study the motor
protection scheme. The panel has MPR30 relay with its input and output terminals brought out
and circuit breakers to realize the protection scheme.
Figure 1: Connections to realize three-phase induction motor protection.
LIFE Electronics, Bangalore 560 091, Phone: 080-65992511
Study of Motor Protection Scheme using MPR00 Relay 3 of 3
Equipment and Parts Required
_ Motor Protection Scheme Panel
_ Three-phase Induction Motor with mechanical loading facility.
_ Patch cords.

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Procedure
1. Make the connections shown in Figure 1.

2. . Switch ON auxiliary power supply to the relay and make settings of the relay properly
by following instructions given in the user manual. Take the help of your faculty
member for programming the relay. It is very important to program the relay properly
before using it.

3. . Now test each of the protection functions of the relay by creating the respective
abnormaloperating condition.
Questions
1. . Explain the various protections to be provided for an induction motor meant for
industrial environment.

2. Explain how to make various settings in the MPR30 relay.

3. . Explain how different abnormal operating conditions are realized in this

experiment to study the motor protection scheme.
Evaluation
NOTE TO THE TEACHING FACULTY: Please rate the over-all performance of the student in this
experiment on a scale of 10 given below by marking
p. 1= poorest performance; 10 = perfect
performance.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Date: Signature of Staff

EXP.NO. 09 FUSE WIRE CHARACTERISTICS

AIM: -Determine the given fuse wire characteristics at constant length or current. And
find the fusing factor of the fuse wire.
APPARATUS: -1) Fuse testing kit
2) Fuse wire
3) BNC connectors
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4) Stop watch
PROCEDURE: - 1) Connect the circuit as per interconnection diagram fig.(5).
2) Measure the length of given fuse wire by fixing it on the fuse board. Before
measuring. he length of given fuse wire first adjust the scale given on board. If the
marking of scale is adjusted to zero (0) than add the 1.33mm and the scale reading is
adjusted to second mark, take the length of fuse wire take direct regarding i.e. no any
addition.
3) Make the shorting link in closed position and Time interval meter section switch in
TIM Position
4) Connection the power cord.
5) Bring the dimmer to zero position
6) According to the fuse wire, maximum current, selector switch can be selected higher
value.
7) Keep the second switch position at (SIIORT) and set the current.
8) Switch ‘ON’ the mains using Rocker switch. (results mains on indictor,
Ammeter display) and timer display will blow)
9) PUSH TEST START BUTTON.
10) Adjust the ammeter reading greater than current rating of the fuse wire with
the help of dimmer.
11) PUSH TEST STOP/RESET BUTTON
12) Don’t disturb the dimmer.
13) PUSH TEST STOP/RESET BUTTON results ammeters shows the current.
Time interval starts counting.
14) Note the time taken for the blowout of the fuse wire. If fuse is doesn’t blow out
increase the current slightly by varying the dimmer.
15) The above procedure are repeated for different values of load currents.
16) Similarly repeat the above procedure for different values of current ratings of fuse
wire and also for different lengths.
17) Plot the graph, load current Vs operating time.

Length of the fuse wire= 50MM = 5CM

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INTER CONNECTION DIAGRAM:

FIG:.5

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Sl.No. Ammeter Reading Fusing time Remarks

(1) A
01
02
03
04
05

CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Fuse testing unit –50A for to determine the characteristic of fuse wire constant length or
constant current and also determine the fuse constant and fusing factor. Equipments can deliver
50A ac source.

Technical specification:

Input voltage : 230 Vac.

Output current : 50A ac MAX. (Intermittent)

Output current ranges: 1A,2A,5A,10A,20A,50A

Zero current detector ; .<100ma

1. Connect as per interconnection diagram – fig5.

2. Given fuse is fixed on the fuse board ( for given length)
3. Make the shoring link in closed position.
4. Time interval meter selection switch in TIM position.
5. Connect the power card.
6. Bring dimmer to zero position.
7. Put on the mains using Mains on switch.(ROCKER). results ( Mains on indicator, ammeter
display and Timer display will glow.)
8. Select the current range, ranges available 1A,2A,5A,10A,25A,50A.
9. Short switch position in short conditions.
10. Push TEST START BUTTON

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11. Adjust the dimmer ammeter shows current greater than the current rating of the fuse wire.
12. Push TEST STOP/ RESET BUTTON.
13. Don,t disturb the dimmer.
14. Bring the short switch in “OPEN” position.2
15. Push TEST START BUTTON .results ammeter shows the current, Time interval starts counting.
16. The time taken for the blowout of the fuse wire is noted
17. The above procedure are repeated for different values of load currents.
18. Similarly repeat the above procedure for different values of current ratings of fuse wire and also
for different lengths.
19. Plot the graphs.
TABLE – 1

Fuse rating = Amps.

Length L = 6cms Length L = 12cms Length L = 18cms

Sl.No. Load current in Melting time in Load current Melting Load current Melting
Amps seconds in Amps time in in Amps time in
seconds seconds
1

Ideal graphs.

CALCULATIONS

Minimum fusing current I = K dn …………….i

Where K = fuse Constant

d = diameter of wire in mm
n = Prece’s constant = (3/2)

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Take ln on both sides of equation (i)

ln I = ln K + n ln d

therefore n = ln I – ln K
---------------
ln d

The graph of ln I versus ln d is plotted and intercept on y axis (ordinate) gives value of K while slope
tanӨ = (ln I /ln d) gives value of n

Minimum fusing current

Fussing factor= --------------------------------- >1

Rating current of fuse

. VIVA – VOCE QUESTIONS

1) What are the use of trasformer oil?

2) What is the relative permittyvity of tranformer oil?
3) What is the breakdown strength at 20 degree 2.5 mm 1 min. of transformer oil?
4) What is the specific gravity at 20 degree cent. of tansformer oil?
5) Write the ma&imum permissible water content in tranformer oil?
6) Which dielectrics are used mostly?
7) What is the important properties of dielectric?
8) Which factor affect the dieletric strength?
9) Which type of filters are used?
10) Give the name of adsorbing agent?
11) What is test cell?.
12) What is electrostatic filter?

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13) What is centrifugal method?

14) What should be the pressure in filtraton?
15) What is /asching-ring?
16) What is the dielectric strength of transformers oil?
17) What is the function of transformer oil?
18) What is dielectric constant?
19) What is the colour of transformer oil?
20) What is electrical conductivity?
21) What is the value of breakdown of dielectric liquid?
22) What are the contains of pure liquid?
23) What is threshold condition?
24) What do you mean by avalanche in liquid?
25) Why transformer oil is used?
26) What is the minimum distance between sphere for this test?
27) What is cavity breakdown in liquid?
28) What happens when cavity occur in liquids?
29) What is the acceptable value of voltage for 4mm gap length in sphere?
30) Fault location in an HV cable is done by?
31) Most important tests conducted on isolators are?
32) The charge associated with partial discharges in electrical apparatus will be?
33) For HV cable insulation the material used are?
34) The insulation used in high voltage circuit breakers of large power ratings?
35) Gas insulation is now a days used in?
36) In (d detectors partial discharge are displayed?
37) Partial discharge detector is a device that measures or  detects?
38) Corona discharge is?
39) The power supply used in resistivity measurement is?
40) For resistivity and dielectric constant measurement the electrode system used is?
41) SF6 is a?
42) Transformer oil is?
43) Minimum sparking potential of air is?
44) The break down strength of mineral oil is about?
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45) Maximum dielectric strength obtain with pure liquid?

46) Paper insulators is mainly used in?
47) The usual mechanism of breakdown in solid dielectrics?
48) What is insulation?
49) What is the requirement of testing of insulator?
50) What is corona?

GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BIDAR - 585 403 (K.S.)

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Observation Record Book

OF

RELAY AND HIGH VOLTAGE LABORATORY (18EEL77)

BE VII SEMESTER

Name:____________________________________________
USN:_____________________________________________
Batch :____________________Section:__________________

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