Geology and Civil Engineering Relationship

• Where is a geologically safe and economical engineering structure built?

Such structures are built in an area that were geologically surveyed. Geological
information was gathered to ensure a safe and detailed construction projects and avoid
foundation problems. A construction project necessitates a site inspection. One should
study earth processes and landforms in order to detect geological and human-caused
dangers that could have a substantial influence on civil infrastructure and human
development.

• How to choose the communication and transport infrastructure route where

geological conditions are convenient?
One should choose the communication and transport infrastructure route where geological
conditions are convenient by considering the safety and effectivity. The acceptability of
construction methods and the practicality of various designs are heavily influenced by
geologic factors.

• How are the building bases constructed safely and economically in terms of
geological and geotechnical aspects?
Building Bases are constructed safely and economically by studying the soil and
environment conditions. Geological surveys and site investigation are done to accurately
forecast the performance and behavior of geomaterials engineering in projects, a thorough
understanding of natural soil deposits, environmental interactions, and responsiveness to
local conditions.

• How to create a slope both safely and economically?

To create a slope both safely and economically, one should consider the ratio of resisting
forces to driving forces along a potential failure surface. The ratio of resisting moments to
driving moments about a point. The ratio of available shear strength to the average hear
stress in the soil along a potential failure surface, and the factor by which the shear
strength parameters may be reduced in order to bring the slope into a state of limiting
equilibrium along a given slip surface.
• How is a safe tunnel and underground facility excavation done?
Safe tunnel and underground facility excavation are done by going through basic
procedures such as investigation, excavation and materials transport, ground support, and
environmental control. To analyze the relative hazards of several locations and to reduce
the uncertainties of ground and water conditions at the chosen location, a thorough
geologic analysis is required.

• How are location geological materials required for construction of dams and road
construction determined?
The location geological materials required for road and dam constructions are determined
by its workability and serviceability. A detailed study of their properties is also essential.
An example of this is soil that is commonly used in construction of roads, these are
determined by its physical features, components or texture, field performance under load,
presence of water, and so on.

• What are the measurements and application methods for improvements of ground
conditions and controlling instability, infiltration etc.?
Ground improvement methods using column-type techniques are used for improvements
of ground condition and etc. These strategies are based on the notion of reducing the load
on soft soils without significantly affecting the structure of the soil.

• Waste?
Material that is not included in the finished project, such as scrap, damaged or spoiled
materials, temporary or expendable construction materials, and aids that are not included
in the finished project, packaging materials, and waste generated by the workforce are
examples of waste generated by construction.