I.

DEFINITION:

Basketball
- a sport played by two teams of five players
on a rectangular court
- one of the world's most popular and widely viewed sports
-a team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket during regular play

II. OBJECTIVE OF THE GAME:

to shoot a ball through a hoop 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter and 10 feet (3.0 m) high mounted to a
backboard at each end

III. HISTORY:

December 1891

Canadian American Dr. James Naismith, a physical education professor and instructor at the
International Young Men's Christian Association Training School (YMCA) (today, Springfield College) in
Springfield, Massachusetts, USA), was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day.

Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball

The first balls made specifically for basketball were brown, and it was only in the late 1950s that Tony
Hinkle, searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike, introduced the
orange ball that is now in common use

 Dribbling was not part of the original game except for the "bounce pass" to teammates
 Passing the ball was the primary means of ball movement
 Dribbling was eventually introduced but limited by the asymmetric shape of early balls
 Influenced by the children's game named Duck on a Rock
 The first official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium in Albany, New York on January 20,
1892 with nine players
 By 1897-1898 teams of five became standard
IV. EQUIPMENT

MEN- 29.5 inches in circumference (size 7, or a "295 ball") and weighs 22 oz

WOMEN - 28.5 inches in circumference (size 6, or a "285 ball") with a weight of 20 oz.]

 A regulation basketball court in international games is 91.9 feet long and 49.2 feet wide. In the
NBA the court is 94 feet by 50 feet. Most courts have wood flooring, usually constructed from
maple planks running in the same direction as the longer court dimension. The name and logo of
the home team is usually painted on or around the center circle.
 At almost all levels of competition, the top of the rim is exactly 10 feet above the court and 4
feet inside the baseline.
 While variation is possible in the dimensions of the court and backboard, it is considered
important for the basket to be of the correct height - a rim that is off by just a few inches can
have an adverse effect on shooting,
V. OFFICIALS:

- an official is a person who has the responsibility to enforce the rules and maintain the order of the
game

A. REFEREE

1. Crew chief the lead official usually performs the jump ball

2. Umpires - a.k.a. Referees same responsibilities with the lead official only that they are only assistants.

B. SCORER

The one who will record the points, violations and fouls gained by each team

Uses score sheet for documentary purposes and scoreboard for letting the teams know about their
status in the game

C. TIMEKEEPERS:

-responsible for monitoring the time of the game.

VI. BASIC SKILLS

1. POSITIONING

2. SHOOTING

3. REBOUNDING

4. PASSING

5. DRIBBLING

6. BLOCKING

a. Positions

- Although the rules do not specify any positions whatsoever, they have evolved as part of basketball

-during the first five decades of basketball's evolution, one guard, two forwards, and two centers or two
guards, two forwards, and one center were used.

-since the 1980s, more specific positions have evolved, namely:

Point guard: usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling
the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time.

Shooting guard: creates a high volume of shots on offense, mainly long-ranged; and guards the
opponent's best perimeter player on defense.

Small forward: often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble
penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively.

Power forward: plays offensively often with their back to the basket; on defense, plays under
the basket (in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man to-man defense).

Center: uses height and size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or
to rebound.

b. Shooting

-the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball through the basket, methods varying with
players and situations

a player faces the basket with both feet facing the basket

-A player will rest the ball on the fingertips of the dominant hand (the shooting arm) slightly above the
head, with the other hand supporting the side of the ball
-the ball is usually shot by jumping (though not always) and extending the shooting arm -the shooting
arm, fully extended with the wrist fully bent, is held stationary for a moment following the release of the
ball, known as a follow-through

- players may shoot directly into the basket or may use the backboard to redirect the ball into the basket

3 Types of Shooting

a. JUMPSHOT

b. LAY-UP

c. SLAM DUNK

c. Rebounding

-the objective of rebounding is to successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal
or free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard

-this plays a major role in the game, as most possessions end when a team misses a shot.

A. OFFENSIVE REBOUNDS

- in which the ball is recovered by the offensive side and does not change possession

B. DEFENSIVE REBOUND

-in which the defending team gains possession of the loose ball

d. PASSING

-a method of moving the ball between players

-most passes are accompanied by a step forward to increase power and are followed through with the
hands to ensure accuracy.

1. CHEST PASS

the ball is passed directly from the passer's chest to the receiver's chest. A proper chest pass
involves an outward snap of the thumbs to add velocity and leaves the defense little time to
react.

2. BOUNCE PASS

the passer bounces the ball crisply about two-thirds of the way from his own chest to the
receiver

the ball strikes the court and bounces up toward the receiver

the bounce pass takes longer to complete than the chest pass, but it is also harder for the
opposing team to intercept (kicking the ball deliberately is a violation)
 3. OVERHEAD PASS

used to pass the ball over a defender the ball is released while over the passer's head.

4. OUTLET PASS

Occurs after a team gets a defensive rebound next pass after rebounding

5. NO LOOK PASS

a special way of doing this is passing the ball without looking at the receiving teammate

6. BEHIND-THE-BACK PASS

- advanced style of passing the ball

- involves throwing the ball behind the passer's back to a teammate

E. DRIBBLING

the act of bouncing the ball continuously with one hand, and is a requirement for a player to take steps
with the ball

- a player pushes the ball down towards the ground with the fingertips rather than patting it; this
ensures greater control

TERMINOLOGIES:

1 Baseline-the end line

2. Boxing out-a term used to designate a player's position under the backboard that prevents an
opposing player from achieving a good rebounding position.

3. Carrying-In a carry, your hand makes contact with the bottom of the ball, then flips the ball
over in the act of dribbling.

4. Charging-personal contact against the body of an opponent by a player with the ball.

5. Cut- a quick offensive moves by a player trying to get free for a pass.

6. Denial Defense-aggressive individual defense where the defensive player works hard to keep
the offensive player from receiving a pass.

7. Double Dribble-when one person dribbles, stops and picks up the ball and starts to dribble
again or dribble with two hands simultaneously.

8. Dribble-the process of bringing the ball down the floor or moving the ball from place to place
using the finger pads to tap the ball.
9. Drive-an aggressive move toward the basket by a player with the ball.

10. Fake (Feint)- using a deceptive move with the ball to pull the defensive player out of
position.

11. Fast break-moving the ball quickly down the court in order to score before the defense can
set up.

12. Field Goal-a basket scored from the field, worth two paints, unless outside the three point
line.

13. Free throw-the privilege given a player to score one point by an unhindered throw for a goal
from within the free-throw circle and behind the free throw line.

14. Lay-up-a shot where a player releases the ball close to the basket while continuing to run off
one foot.

15. Pick-a special type of screen where a player stands so the defensive player slides to make
contact, freeing an offensive teammate for a shot, drive, or pass

16. Pivot-takes place when a player who is holding the ball steps once or more than once in any
direction with the same foot. The other foot, called the pivot foot, is kept at its point of contact
with the floor.

17. Press-a team's attempt to take the ball away from their opponent before they can set up
their offense.

18. Rebound-when a shot bounces off the backboard or basket and is pulled down by a player.

19. Team's Back Court-the part of the court containing the opponent's basket.

20. Team's Front Court-the part of the court containing the team's own basket.

21. Telegraphing the Pass-indicating where you are going to pass by looking or signaling

22. Throw-in-a method of putting the ball in play from out of bounds.

23. Traveling-when a player in possession of the ball within bounds progresses illegally in any
direction.

24. Violation-an infraction of the rules resulting in a throw-in from out of bounds for the
START OF THE GAME

EACH TEAM SHOULD HAVE 5 PLAYERS IN COMPLETE UNIFORM AND READY TO PLAY

JUMP BALL

• ONE PLAYER FROM EACH TEAM WILL STAND IN THE CENTER CIRCLE AND THE REFEREE
THROWS THE BALL UP BETWEEN THEM.

• IF THE BALL REACHED THE HIGHEST PART OF ITS ARC, IT IS THE FREE TO BE TOUCHED.

PLAYERS ATTEMPT TO TIP THE BALL TO ONE OF THEIR TEAMMATES WHO ARE SET UP AROUND
THE CIRCLE WITH ALTERNATING PLAYERS ON EACH TEAM.

SCORING

• PLAYERS SCORE INSIDE THE 3 POINT LINE - 2 POINTS

• PLAYERS SCORE OUT SIDE THE 3 POINT LINE-3 POINTS

• PENALTY SHOTS OR FREE THROW SHOTS-1 POINT

FOULS

 PERSONAL FOULS
 HITTING
 PUSHING
 SLAPPING
 HOLDING
 ILLEGAL SCREEN/PICK-WHEN AN OFFENSIVE PLAYER IS MOVING. WHEN AN OFFESIVE
PLAYER STICKS OUT A LIMB AND MAKES PHYSICAL CONTACT WITH A DEFENDER IN AN
ATTEMPT TO BLOCK THE PATH OF THE DEFENDER.

OTHER FOULS

CHARGING

AN OFFENSIVE FOUL THAT IS COMMITED WHEN A PLAYER PUSHES OR RUNS OVER A DEFENSIVE
PLAYER. THE BALL IS GIVEN TO THE TEAM THAT THE WAS COMMITED UPON.

BLOCKING

IT IS A ILLEGA PERSONAL CONTACT RESULTING FROM A DEFENDER NOT ESTABLISHING

POSITION IN TIME TO PREVENT AN OPPONENT TOWARDS THE BASKET.

FLAGRANT FOUL

A VIOLENT CONTACT WITH AN OPPONENT. THIS INCLUDES HITTING, KICKING AND PUNCHING.
THIS TYPE OF FOUL RESULTS INTO FREE THROWS PLUS THE POSSESSION OF THE BALL AFTER THE
FREE THROWS. WORST IS YOU CAN BE THROWN OUT.
INTENTIONAL FOUL

WHEN A PLAYER MAKES PHYSICAL CONTACT WITH ANOTHER PLAYER WITH NO REASONABLE
EFFORT TO STEAL THE BALL. IT IS A JUDGEMENTAL CALL FOR THE REFEREE.

TECHNICAL FOUL

A PLAYER OR A COACH CAN COMMIT THIS TYPE OF FOUL. IT DOES NOT INVOLVE PLAYER
CONTACT OR THE BALL BUT INSTEAD IT IS ABOUT THE "MANNERS" OF THE GAME. FOUL
LANGUAGE, ABSCENITY, OBSCENE GESTURES AND EVEN ARGUING CAN BE CONSIDERED AS
TECHNICAL FOUL.

WALKING/TRAVELLING

TAKING A STEP WITHOUT DRIBBLING THE BALL THEN IT IS TRAVELLING. MOVING OR LIFTING
YOUR PIVOT FOOT ONCE YOU STOPPED DRIBBLING IS CONSIDERED TRAVELLING ALSO.

CARRYING/PALMING

WHEN THE PLAYER DRIBBLES THE BALL WITH HIS HANDS AND CARRIES THE BALL, HAND UNDER
THE BALL

DOUBLE DRIBBLE

DRIBBLING THE BALL WITH BOTH HANDS ON THE BALL AT THE SAME TIME OR PICKING UP A
DRIBBLE AND THEN DRIBBLE IT BACK AGAIN.

HELD BALL

OCCASIONALLY, TWO OR MORE OPPOSING PLAYERS WILL GAIN POSSESSION OF THE BALL AT
THE SAME TIME. IN ORDER TO AVOID A PROLONGED OR VIOLENCE, THE REFEREE STOPS THE
ACTION AND AWARDS THE BALL TO ONE TEAM OR THE OTHER ON A ROTATIONG BASIS.

GOALTENDING

IF AN OFFENSIVE PLAYER INTEFERES THE SHOT WHILE IT IS ON THE WAY DOWN TOWARDS THE
BASKET OR IF THE BALL ALREADY TOUCHED THE BACKBOARD. BASKET IS COUNTED.

BACKCOURT VIOLATION

ONCE THE OFFENSIVE TEAM HAS BROUGHT OR CROSS THE MID COURT LINE THEY CANNOT GO
BACK ACROSS THE LINE UNLESS THE BALL WAS TIP BY OTHER TEAM.
TIME RESTRICTIONS

• INBOUND-5 SECONDS

• SHOT CLOCK VIOLATION-24 SECONDS

• 8 SECONDS VIOLATION - CROSSING THE MID COURT

• 3 SECONDS VIOLATION SHADED AREA

• 5 SECONDS VIOLATION IN HOLDING THE BALL WHILE BEING GUARDED.

OUT OF BOUNDS

• BALL GOES OUTSIDE THE BOUNDARY LINES.