Institute of Technology Polytechnic

University of the Philippines

Anonas, Sta. Mesa, Maynila, Kalakhang Maynila

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

(GEED 1000053) SCORE/ GRADE:

ACTIVITY NO. 2 LOGIC AND SETS

Name: Colarina, Khyle Andrei B Section: BSIT 1-4 Schedule: Date: November 28, 2021

1. Write each statement in words. Let p: The plane is on time. Let q: The sky is clear. (2
points each)

(a) p ∧ (¬q) = The plane is on time. AND The sky is NOT clear.
(b) q → (p ∨ ¬p) = IF The sky is clear. THEN The plane is on time. OR The plane is
NOT on time.
(c) p ↔ q = IF AND ONLY IF The plane is on time, the sky is clear.

2. Construct a truth table for each proposition and identify if it’s a tautology,
contradiction, or a contingency. (5 points each)

(a) [(p ∧ q) ∨ r] ↔ [(p ∧ r) ∨ (q ∧ r)] Contingency

p q r p∧q p∧r q∧r (p ∧ q) (p ∧ r) ∨ [(p ∧ q)

∨r (q ∧ r) ∨ r] ↔
[(p ∧ r)
∨ (q ∧
r)]

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
(b) [(p ∧ r) → (q ∧ ¬r)] → [(p ∧ q) ∨ r)] Contingency
(p ∧ r)
p q r ¬r p∧q p∧r q ∧ ¬r (p ∧ r) (p ∧ q)
→ (q ∧
→ (q ∧ ∨r
¬r)] →
¬r)
[(p ∧ q)
∨ r)
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

(c) ((p → q) Ʌ (q → r)) → (p → r) Tautology

p q r p→q p→r q→r (p → q) ((p → q)
Ʌ (q → Ʌ (q →
r) r)) → (p
→ r)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
3. Write the following sets in the rooster form. (2 points each)
(a) A= {x | x ∈ ℕ, x ≤ 10} A = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
(b) B= {x | x is divisible by 3} B = {… -9, -6, -3,0,3 ,6, 9,…}
(c) C= {x | x is an even ℤ) C = {…, -4, -2,0,2, 4,…}

4. Classify the following as finite and infinite sets. (2 points each)

(a) The sets of days in a month
• The set of months of a year is a finite set because it has only a maximum of 31 days in a
month.
(b) B= {x | x is a multiple of 10}

• The numbers multiple by 10 is infinite numbers because

any numbers multiple by 10 never ends and it is infinite.

(c) C= {x | x ∈ ℕ,x≤100,000}

• The set builder notation is finite because the numbers is only up to

100,000.

5. A Survey of students at PUP Main Campus revealed the following information:

50 like ice cream
70 like chocolate cakes
65 like halo-halo
29 like ice cream and chocolate cakes
12 like ice cream and halo -halo
35 like chocolate cakes and halo halo
5 like ice cream, chocolate cakes and halo-halo
 ICE CREAM

14

HALO HALO 7 24 CHOCOLATE

5 CAKE

23
30 11

Answer the questions using a 3-set Venn diagram. (10points is the Venn Diagram)
a) How many likes ice cream only? 14 Students.
b) How many likes ice cream and chocolate cakes but not halo-halo? 49 Students.
c) How many do not like chocolate cakes? 44 Students.
d) How many students were survey? 114 Students.

6. A marketing survey of 800 commuters found that 400 answered listens to the news,
250 listen to music, and 100 listen to both. Let N = set of commuters in the sample who
listen to news and M = set of commuters in the sample who listen to music. Fill out a
two-set Venn diagram (9points) and give the number in each of the sets below.

U = 800

N M

300 100
150
250

a) N U M = {100,150,300}
= 550 commuters
b) N ∩ M = {100}
= 100 commuters
c) N’ = {150,250}
= 400 commuters
d) M’ = {300,250}
= 550 commuters
e) (N U M)’ = {250}
=250 commuters