Assignment: Mathematics Logic [30 marks]

1. Calculate the truth table for (𝑝→𝑞)∧¬𝑝. (write your table below). (4 marks)

p q 𝑝→𝑞 ¬𝑝 (𝑝→𝑞)∧¬𝑝
1 1 1 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 1
0 0 1 1 1

2. Write the required form for each proposition: (6 marks)

a) “If two angles have the same measure, then the two angles are congruent.” Contrapositive

● "If two angles are not congruent, then the two angles does not have the same measure."
~q→~p

b) “If the figure is a rectangle, then it is a square.” Converse

● "If it is a square, then the figure is a rectangle." q→p

c) “If all figures are four-sided planes, then figures are rectangles.” Inverse

● "If all figures are not four-sided planes, then figures are not rectangles." ~p→~q

d) What is the contrapositive statement for the following conditional statement?

“If it is a triangle, then it is a polygon.”

● "If it is not a polygon, then it is not a triangle." ~q→~p

e) “If a shape is closed, then it is a polygon.” Converse

● "If it is a polygon, then a shape is closed." q→p

f) If the shape is a triangle, then the sum of the internal angles is 180 degrees. Find the inverse

statement.

● "If the shape is not a triangle, then the sum of the internal angles is not 180 degrees." ~p
→~q

3. For each of the following decide whether it is a proposition or not, and if it is, indicate whether it is
true or not. (9 marks)

a) 15 is a positive number. - Proposition - True

b) The Earth is flat. Proposition - False
 c) x2 ≥ 0. Not Proposition
d) x2 ≥ 0 for every real number x. Proposition - False
e) Shakespeare wrote the play Hamlet. Proposition - True
f) Hello everyone! Not Proposition
g) The previous sentence is false. Proposition - True
h) How many hours do you study at night? Not Proposition
i) Yehey! I won the lotto. Not Proposition

4. Determine if (𝑝→𝑞)∨(𝑞→𝑝) is a tautology, contradiction, or contingency. (5 marks)

p q 𝑝→𝑞 𝑞→𝑝 (𝑝→𝑞)∨(𝑞→𝑝)

1 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 1

It is a tautology.

5. Show by truth table that (𝑝|𝑞)↔(¬𝑝∨¬𝑞). Construct the truth table below. (4 marks)

p q ¬𝑝 ¬𝑞 𝑝|𝑞 ¬𝑝∨¬𝑞 (𝑝|𝑞)↔(¬𝑝∨¬𝑞)

1 1 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 1 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 1 1 1 1 1