Experiment-3

Analysis of Single Phase Full Wave Diode (Uncontrolled) and Thyristor

(Controlled) Rectifier using Different Loads

Objective of the Experiment:

1. To study single phase full wave diode and thyristor rectifier using R load
2. To study single phase full wave diode and thyristor rectifier using RL load
3. To study single phase full wave diode and thyristor rectifier using RL load with
freewheeling diode
4. To study single phase full wave diode and thyristor rectifier using RLE load
5. To study single phase full wave diode and thyristor rectifier using RLE load with
freewheeling diode

Theory:
Rectification is the process of conversion of alternating voltage or current waveform
to direct voltage or current waveform. This involves a device like thyristor that allows
only one-way flow of electric charge. The circuit is known as full-wave rectifier as it
allows both halves of the AC waveform to pass through it.
Full wave rectifiers have some fundamental advantages over their half wave rectifier
counterparts. The average (DC) output voltage is higher than for half wave, the output
has much less ripple than that of the half wave rectifier producing a smoother output
waveform. Fullwave controlled/uncontrolled rectifier may have two configurations:
centre tapped (or mid-point) and bridge configuration.

Full wave mid-point converter:

Here two diodes are used, one for each half of the cycle. A centre tapped transformer
is used in this configuration. This results in each diode conducting in turn, when its
anode terminal is positive with respect to the transformer centre point producing an
output during both half-cycles.
Full wave bridge converter:
This type of single-phase rectifier uses four individual rectifying diodes/thyristors
voltage. The
main advantage of this bridge circuit is that it does not require a special centre tapped
transformer, thereby reducing its size and cost. Also, peak inverse voltage across the
diodes/thyristors is half that of in mid-point configuration.

Uncontrolled Full Bridge Rectifier Controlled Full Bridge Rectifier

Procedure:
1. All the required components are selected and placed in the design area.
2. Appropriate parameters for the components are set up.
3. Circuit connection was made as per the circuit diagram.
4. Running the Interactive Simulation, the magnitude of input voltage, load voltage
and load current are noted.
5. Running the Transient Analysis, the waveforms of input voltage, load voltage and
load current are captured.
6. Changing the circuit connection for different loads, Step 4 and 5 are repeated.
Simulation:
Single phase full wave diode rectifier using R load
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
Single phase full wave diode rectifier using RL load
1. Small Inductance Value (L=0.001H)
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
2. Large Inductance Value (L=0.01H)
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
Single phase full wave diode rectifier using RLE load
1. Small Inductance Value (L=0.001H)
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
2. Large Inductance Value (L=0.02H)
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
Single phase full wave thyristor rectifier using R load
1. 60°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
 150°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
Single phase full wave thyristor rectifier using RL load
1. i) Small Inductance Value (L=0.01H) and 60°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
ii) Small Inductance Valu 150°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
2. i) Large In 60°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
ii) Large In 150°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
Single phase full wave thyristor rectifier using RL load with freewheeling diode
1. 60°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
 150°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
Single phase full wave thyristor rectifier using RLE load
1. i) Small Ind 60°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
ii) Small Ind 150°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
2. i) Large Inductance Value 60°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
ii) Large In 150°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
 Measured Calculated Percentage
Output Output Error
Sl .No. in Output Voltage Voltage Voltage (%)
degrees (V) (V)

1 30 77.683 77.969 0.367

2 60 44.915 45.015 0.222

3 90 41.594 42.873 2.983

4 120 40.463 41.472 2.433

5 150 40.013 40.841 2.027

Single phase full wave thyristor rectifier using RLE load with freewheeling diode
1. 60°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
 150°
Circuit Connection:

Input Voltage Configuration: Phase Angle Controller Configuration:

Transient Analysis Configuration:
Waveforms:
Input Voltage:

Load Voltage:

Load Current:
Conclusion:
1. Simulation of the Single-Phase Full Wave Diode (Uncontrolled) and Thyristor
(Controlled) Rectifier using different loads was done successfully. The waveforms
obtained are analyzed and satisfy the theoretical results.
2. Peak inverse voltage in bridge configuration across the diode or thyristor is half that
of in mid-point configuration.
3. In full wave controlled rectifier, the output voltage depends on cosine of firing
angle. Thus, when we increase the firing angle the output voltage decreases.
4. Thyristor and freewheeling diode conduct at different times. Output voltage is zero
when freewheeling diode conducts.
5. We get lesser output voltage in case of loads with freewheeling diode than those
without it.
6. In case of RLE load, the output voltage becomes equal to E volts, when the thyristor
stops conducting.

References:
1. Power Electronics by Rashid
2. Power Electronics by Ned Mohan