Solving, simplifying and expanding Logarithmic

Function

Prepared by: Mr. George G. Lescano

Steps in Solving Logarithmic Equations:
1. Write all logarithmic equations on one side of the
equation and the constant on the other side.
2. Use the properties of logarithms to rewrite the
logarithmic expressions as a single logarithmic
expression.
Steps in Solving Logarithmic Equations:
3. Use the definition of logarithm to rewrite the
expression in exponential form.
4. Simplify the exponential expressions and solve for the
variable.
Steps in Solving Logarithmic Equations:
5. Check your answer by substituting it into the original
equation.
NOTE: Exclude from the solution any logarithm of a
negative number, such value is called extraneous
solution.
Example 1: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟒 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔 = 𝟐
𝟐
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔 = 𝟒
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔 = 𝟏𝟔
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟔 − 𝟔
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎
𝒙=𝟓
𝟐
𝑪𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌𝒊𝒏𝒈: 𝒙 = 𝟓
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟒 𝟐(𝟓) + 𝟔 = 𝟐
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟒 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟔 = 𝟐
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟒 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟐
𝟐
𝟒 = 𝟏𝟔

Ans: 5
Example 2: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟐 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟑 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟔
𝒙−𝟐 − 𝒙+𝟑 = 𝟔
𝒙−𝟐
=𝟔
𝒙+𝟑 𝒙 = −𝟒
𝟔 𝒙 + 𝟑 = 𝟏(𝒙 − 𝟐)
𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟖 = 𝒙 − 𝟐
𝟔𝒙 − 𝒙 = −𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖
𝟓𝒙 = −𝟐𝟎
𝟓
Example 2: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟐 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟑 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟔
𝑪𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌𝒊𝒏𝒈: 𝒙 = −𝟒
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 −𝟒 − 𝟐 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 −𝟒 + 𝟑 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟔
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 −𝟔 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 −𝟏 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟔
NOTE: Exclude from the solution any logarithm of a
negative number, such value is called extraneous
solution.
Ans: No solution
Example 3: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝒙 + 𝟑 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝒙 − 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 (𝟐𝒙)

𝒙 + 𝟑 + 𝒙 − 𝟐 = 𝟐𝒙
𝒙 + 𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟐 = 𝟐𝒙
𝟐
𝒙 − 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟔 = 𝟐𝒙
𝟐 𝒙 = −𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟑
𝒙 + 𝒙 − 𝟔 = 𝟐𝒙
𝟐
𝒙 + 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔 = 𝟎
𝟐
𝒙 −𝒙−𝟔=𝟎
𝒙+𝟐 𝒙−𝟑 =𝟎
Example: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝒙 + 𝟑 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝒙 − 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 (𝟐𝒙)
𝑪𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌𝒊𝒏𝒈: 𝒙 = −𝟐
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 −𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 −𝟐 − 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 (𝟐(−𝟐))
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟏𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 − 𝟒 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 − 𝟒
𝑳𝒆𝒕 𝒙 = 𝟑
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟑 + 𝟑 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟑 − 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 (𝟐(𝟑))
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟔 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟏 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟔
Ans: 3
Your Turn: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒙 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈(𝟑𝒙 + 𝟖)
Simplifying Logarithmic Function:
When they tell you to "simplify" a log expression, this
usually means they will have given you lots of log
terms, each containing a simple argument, and they
want you to combine everything into one log with a
complicated argument. "Simplifying" in this context
usually means the opposite of "expanding".
Example 1: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑𝒙 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐
𝟑[(𝒙 ∗ 𝟐)]
𝟑(𝟐𝒙)

Ans: log 6x
Example 2: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 𝟒 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 𝟔
𝟒
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐
𝟔
𝟐
𝑨𝒏𝒔: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐
𝟑
Example 3: 2𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟔 − 𝟒𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟑
𝟐 𝟒
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟔 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟑
𝟐
𝟔
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟒
𝟑 𝟒
𝟑𝟔
Ans: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓
𝟗
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓
𝟖𝟏
Expanding Logarithmic Function:

When you are asked to expand log

expressions, your goal is to express a single
logarithmic expression into many individual
parts or components.
Expanding Logarithmic Function:

This process is the exact opposite

of condensing logarithm because you
compress a bunch of log expressions into a
simpler one.
Example 1: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟐𝒙

Ans: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟐 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝒙

Quotation of the day!