198 Chapter 12

Exercises - Operations on Functions and Composition of Functions

1 4

If f ( x) = x 2 − 3 x − 1 and g ( x) = 1 − x , 1 − 5x
If f ( x) = and g ( x)= 2 − x , what is the
what is the value of f  g (−2) ? 2
value of f ( g (3)) ?
A) −3
B) −1 A) −7
C) 1 B) −2
D) 3 C) 2
D) 3

2 Questions 5 and 6 refer to the following

3 information.
If f ={(−4,12), ( − 2, 4), (2, 0), (3, )} and
2
g= {(−2,5), (0,1), (4, −7), (5, −9)} , what is x f ( x) g ( x)
the value of g  f (2) ?
−2 −5 0
A) −9 0 6 4
B) −7 3 0 −5
C) 1
D) 5 The table above gives values of f and g at
selected values of x .

5
What is the value of f ( g (−2)) ?

3
A function f satisfies f (−1) = 8 and f (1) = −2 .
A function g satisfies g (2) = 5 and g (−1) = 1.
What is the value of f ( g (−1)) ?

6
A) −2
What is the value of g ( f (3)) ?
B) 1
C) 5
D) 8
202 Chapter 12

Exercises - Exponential Functions and Graphs

1 2
During a decade of continuous drought, the water y
level of a lake has decreased by 10 percent each
30,000

Value of Cars (in dollars)

year. Which of the following graphs could model
the water level of the lake as a function of time? 25,000
Model A
20,000
A) y 15,000 (6, 12,000)
Model B
Water Level

10,000
5,000
x
x 2 4 6 8 10
O 5 10 Time (years)
Time (years)
In the graph above, each exponential curve
B) y represents the values, in dollars, of two different
cars as a function of time in years. At time t = 0 ,
Water Level

the price of model A was $30,000 and the price

of model B was $24,000. At time t = 6 , the price
of both models were $12,000.
x Based on the graphs above, which of the following
O 5 10 must be true?
Time (years)
I. At time t = 0 , the price of model A was
C) y 25% more than the price of model B .
Water Level

II. At time t = 0 , the price of model B was

20% less than the price of model A .
III. From time t = 0 to t = 6 , the average rate
x of decrease in the value of model A was
O 5 10 1.5 times the average rate of decrease in the
Time (years) value of model B .

D) y
A) I and II only
Water Level

B) I and III only

C) II and III only
x D) I, II, and III
O 5 10
Time (years)
3

If f ( x) = 12, 000(0.9) x and g ( x) = 14, 000(0.85) x ,

what is the value of g (2) − f (2) ?
204 Chapter 12

Exercises - Exponential Growth and Decay

1 4
The number of rabbits in a certain population A certain radioactive substance has a half-life
doubles every 40 days. If the population starts of 12 days. This means that every 12 days, half
with 12 rabbits, which of the following gives of the original amount of the substance decays.
the total number of rabbits in the population If there are 128 milligrams of the radioactive
after t days? substance today, how many milligrams will be
left after 48 days?
t
A) 12(2)( )
40 A) 4
40 B) 8
B) 12(2)( )
t C) 16
40
D) 32
C) 12(2) t
t
D) 12(2) 40

Questions 5 and 6 refer to the following

2
Population P of a town is 80,000 this year.
If the population of the town decreases at a rate
of 4 percent each year, which of the following
expressions gives population P after t years?
information.
Evelyn deposited $3,000 into her bank account, which
earns 4 percent interest compounded annually. She
uses the expression $3, 000( x)t to find the value of the
account after t years.

A) 80, 000(0.6)t 5

B) 80, 000(0.96)t What is the value of x in the expression?

C) 80, 000(0.96t )

D) 80, 000(1 − 0.04t )

3 6
A house bought ten years ago for $150,000 was Evelyn deposited the same amount into an account
sold for $240,000 this year. Which of the following that earns 5 percent interest rate compounded
equations can be used to solve the annual growth annually. How much more money than her original
rate r of the value of the house? deposit in the account with 4 percent interest rate
compounded annually will she have earned in 10
years?
r
A) =
240, 000 150, 000(1 + ) (Round your answer to the nearest dollar.)
10
B) =
240, 000 150, 000(1 + 10r )

C) =
240, 000 150, 000(1 + r )10

D) 240, 000 = 150, 000(r )10

Composition, Recursion, and Exponential Functions 205

Chapter 12 Practice Test

1 4

If f ( x) = 2 x and g ( x) = 2 x 2 , what is the value The half-life of a radioactive substance is the

amount of time it takes for half of the substance
of f ( g (1)) − g ( f (1)) ?
to decay. The table below shows the time (in years)
and the amount of substance left for a certain
A) −4 radioactive substance.

B) −2
Time (years) Amount (grams)
C) 2
D) 4 0 1, 200

14 850

28 600

42 425
2
56 300
If =
f ( x) 625 − x 2 and g= ( x) 225 − x 2 ,
what is the value of f ( f (5)) − g (( g 5)) ? How much of the original amount of the substance,
to the nearest whole gram, will remain after 140
years?
A) 0
B) 5 A) 85
C) 10 B) 75
D) 20 C) 53
D) 38

3 5
The population of a certain town doubles every A radioactive substance decays at a rate of 18%
25 years. If the population of the town was 51,200 per year. If the initial amount of the substance is
in 1980, in what year was the population 6,400? 100 grams, which of the following functions
models the remaining amount of the substance, in
A) 1855 grams, after t years?
B) 1880
A) f (t ) = 100(0.18)t
C) 1905
D) 1930 B) f (t ) = 100(0.82)t

C) f =
(t ) 100 − 100(0.18)t

D) f =
(t ) 100 − 100(0.82)t
206 Chapter 12

6
r t
5, 000(1 + ) Questions 8 and 9 refer to the following
100 information.

The expression above gives the value of an y

investment, in dollars, that pays an annual 500

Population of Insects
interest rate of r % compounded yearly.
5,000 is the initial amount and t is the number 400
of years after the initial amount was deposited.
Which of the following expressions shows the 300
difference between the value of a 15 year
investment at 6% annual compound interest and 200
a 12 year investment at 6% annual compound
100
interest?
x
5 10 15 20 25
 15 
Time (days)
A) 5, 000 (1.06)12 
 
The graph above shows the size of a certain insect
 (1.06)15  population over 25 days. The population at time
B) 5, 000  12  t = 0 was 100. A biologist used the equation
 (1.06) 
t

C) 5, 000 (1.06) − (1.06) 

15 12  f (t ) = 100(2) d to model the population.

D) 5, 000 (1.06)15−12 
8
What is the value of d in the equation?

7
The price P , in dollars, of a truck t years after
it was purchased is given by the function
t 9
1
P(t ) = 24, 000( ) 6 . To the nearest dollar, what
2 What was the population of the insect after 15
is the price of the truck 9 years after it was days, to the nearest whole number?
purchased?
224 Chapter 13

Exercises - Complex Numbers

1 4
Which of the following is equal Which of the following is equal
to −1 − −4 + −9 ? 1 1
to (5i − 3) − (4i + 5) ?
2 3
A) i
3 5
B) 2i A) i−
2 2
C) 3i
7 7
D) 4i B) i−
6 3
7 19
C) i−
6 6
5 17
D) i−
2 6 6
Which of the following is equal
to −2 ⋅ −8 ?
5
A) −4i
If (4 + i ) 2 =a + bi , what is the value of a + b ?
B) 4i
C) −4
D) 4

3
Which of the following complex numbers is equal
3−i 6
to ?
3+i
3−i
If the expression is rewritten in the form
1 − 2i
9 3i
A) − a + bi , in which a and b are real numbers, what
10 5 is the value of a + b ?
9 3i
B) +
10 5
3 3i
C) −
5 5
4 3i
D) −
5 5
Polynomial and Radical Functions 225

Chapter 13 Practice Test

1 3

If the graph of f ( x) = 2 x3 + bx 2 + 4 x − 4 intersects What is the value of a if x + 2 is a factor

1 of f ( x) =
−( x3 + 3 x 2 ) − 4( x − a ) ?
the x- axis at ( , 0), and (−2, k ) lies on the graph
2
of f , what is the value of k ? A) −2
B) −1
A) −4
C) 0
B) −2
D) 1
C) 0
D) 2

2 y

(0,3)
y

(3,0)
y = f ( x) x
O

1
x
O 1

x2 + y 2 =
9
y=−( x − 3) 2
x+ y =
3
The function y = f ( x) is graphed on the xy - plane
above. If k is a constant such that the equation A system of three equations and their graphs on
f ( x) = k has one real solution, which of the the xy - plane are shown above. How many
solutions does the system have?
following could be the value of k ?

A) 1
A) −3
B) 2
B) −1
C) 3
C) 1
D) 4
D) 3
226 Chapter 13

5 8
Which of the following complex numbers is 2x + 6 = x + 3
(1 − i ) 2
equivalent to ?
1+ i What is the solution set of the equation above?

i 1 A) {−3}
A) − −
2 2
B) {−1}
i 1
B) − + C) {−3, 2}
2 2
C) −i − 1 D) {−3, −1}
D) −i + 1

9
What is the remainder when polynomial
6
1
3
p ( x) = 24 x3 − 36 x 2 + 14 is divided by x − ?
Which of the following is equal to a a? 2

2 A) 4
A) a 3 B) 6
4
C) 8
B) a3
5
D) 10
C) a3
7
D) a 3
10
The function f is defined by a polynomial. If
x + 2 , x + 1 , and x − 1 are factors of f , which
of the following table could define f ?
7

p( x) =
−2 x3 + 4 x 2 − 10 x A) B)
q( x) = x 2 − 2 x + 5 x f ( x) x f ( x)
−2 4 −2 0
The polynomials p ( x) and q ( x) are defined above. −1 0 −1 4
Which of the following polynomials is divisible by 1 0 1 0
x −1 ? 0 0
2 2

1
A) f= ( x) p( x) − q( x) C) D)
2
x f ( x) x f ( x)
1
B) g ( x) =− p( x) − q( x) −2 0 −2 0
2
1 −1 0 −1 0
C) h( x) = − p( x) + q( x) 1 4 1 0
2
1 2 0 2 4
D) =
k ( x) p( x) + q( x)
2
Rational Expressions 237

Exercises - Solving Rational Equations

1 4
x x−2 3 1
= + =
2
x −1 x +1 x − 3x
2
3− x

What is the solution set of the equation above? What is the solution set of the equation above?

A) −2 1
A) {− }
2
1
B) − B) {3}
2
1 1
C) C) {− , 3}
2 2
D) 2 1
D) {− , − 3}
2

2 5
x 4 1
−2 = If f ( x) = is undefined
x−3 x−2 ( x − a ) − 4( x − a ) + 4
2

when x = 6 , what is the value of a ?

What is the solution set of the equation above?

A) {0}

B) {2}

C) {0, 2}

D) {0, 4}

6
3 1
g ( x) =
1 2 −4 ( x + 3) 2 − 24( x + 3) + 144
− =
x x − 2 x − 2x
2

For what value of x is function g above

What is the solution set of the equation above? undefined?

A) −2
B) 0
C) 2
D) There is no solution to the equation.
272 Chapter 16

Exercises - Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

1 3

r 
t y
(5 y − 9) 70 m

(5 x + 4) x
3x n

Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

Note: Figure not drawn to scale

In the figure above, lines  , m , and n are parallel.

In the figure above, r  t . What is the value
What is the value of x + y ?
of x + y ?

A) 160
A) 37
B) 200
B) 40
C) 230
C) 43
D) 290
D) 46

2 4


a b x
n

c
m 55
m
In the figure above, m  n . If a = 50 and b = 120 ,
what is the value of c ? In the figure above,   m . What is the value
of x ?

A) 50
A) 30
B) 60
B) 35
C) 70
C) 40
D) 80
D) 45
Lines and Angles 273

Chapter 16 Practice Test

1 3

 m
A D
 

108 x
x 75

50
m
B C

Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

In the figure above, lines  and m are parallel

In the figure above,   m . What is the value
and BD bisects ∠ABC . What is the value of x ?
of x ?

A) 54
A) 45
B) 60
B) 50
C) 68
C) 55
D) 72
D) 60

2 4

D B
(2 x + 15)



a
 y
x m
E A C

Note: Figure not drawn to scale. In the figure above, DA  BC and AB bisects
∠DAC . What is the measure of ∠BCA in terms
In the figure above,   m . What is the value of a ?
of y ?
A) 180 − a

A) 120 B) 2a − 180
B) 125 C) 180 − 2a

C) 130 D) 2a − 90
D) 135
274 Chapter 16

5 7

B x
D

68
x 65
A C E
y
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.
In the figure above, what is the value of x + y ?
In the figure above, AB  CD and BC  DE .
What is the value of x ?

A) 47
B) 51
C) 55
D) 57

6 8

Q
t P
110
R
r

35 a 145
T
c b S

Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

In the figure above, r  t . What is the value In the figure above, PQ is parallel to ST .
of a + b ?
What is the measure of ∠QRS ?

A) 160
B) 175
C) 185
D) 200
318 Chapter 19

Exercises - Circles in the Coordinate Plane

1 3

y x 2 + 12 x + y 2 − 4 y + 15 =
0

The equation of a circle in the xy - plane is shown

above. Which of the following is true about the
circle?
(5, 2)

x A) center (−6, 2) , radius = 5

O
B) center (6, −2) , radius = 5

C) center (−6, 2) , radius = 15

Which of the following equations represents the D) center (6, −2) , radius = 15
equation of the circle shown in the xy - plane
above?

A) ( x + 5) 2 + ( y + 2) 2 =
4
4
B) ( x − 5) + ( y − 2) =
2 2
4 Which of the following represents an equation
of a circle whose diameter has endpoints (−8, 4)
C) ( x + 5) 2 + ( y + 2) 2 =
16
and (2, −6) ?
D) ( x − 5) + ( y − 2) =
2 2
16
A) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 =
50

B) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 =
50

2 C) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 =
25

Which of the following is an equation of a circle D) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 =

25
in the xy - plane with center (−2, 0) and a radius
3
with endpoint (0, ) ?
2
5
3 5 x2 + 2 x + y 2 − 4 y − 9 =
A) x 2 + ( y − ) 2 = 0
2 2
3 25 The equation of a circle in the xy - plane is shown
B) x 2 + ( y − ) 2 =
2 4 above. If the area of the circle is kπ , what is the
value of k ?
25
C) ( x + 2) 2 + y 2 =
4
25
D) ( x − 2) 2 + y 2 =
4
Circles 319

Chapter 19 Practice Test

1 3

C y

30 A x
B
O O

(−4, −3)

In the figure above, O is the center of the circle

and AB is a diameter. If the length of AC is 4 3
and m∠BAC = 30 , what is the area of circle O ? In the figure above, the circle is tangent to the
x- axis and has center (−4, −3) . Which of the
A) 12π following equations represents the equation of
the circle shown in the xy - plane above?
B) 16π
C) 18π
A) ( x + 4) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 =
9
D) 24π
B) ( x − 4) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 =
9

C) ( x + 4) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 =
3
2
D) ( x − 4) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 =
3
Q
R
4
O
a+2
a+3
a +1
S
P a+4
a
x
In the circle above, chord RS is parallel to O
3
diameter PQ . If the length of RS is of
4 The figure above shows a semicircle with the
the length of PQ and the distance between lengths of the adjacent arcs a, a + 1, a + 2,
a + 3, and a + 4 . If the value of x is 42, what
the chord and the diameter is 2 7, what is
is the value of a ?
the radius of the circle?

A) 7
A) 6
B) 8
B) 3 7
C) 9
C) 8
D) 10
D) 4 7
320 Chapter 19

5 8

P Q

36
O B
O R
In the figure above, the length of arc 
AB is π .
What is the area of sector OAB ? In the figure above, rectangle OPQR is inscribed
in a quarter circle that has a radius of 9. If PQ = 7 ,
A) 2π what is the area of rectangle OPQR ?

5
B) π
2 A) 24 2
C) 3π B) 26 2
7
D) π C) 28 2
2
D) 30 2

x 2 − 4 x + y 2 − 6 x − 17 =
0 9
In a circle with center O , the central angle has
What is the area of the circle in the xy - plane
2π
above? a measure of radians. The area of the sector
3
formed by central angle AOB is what fraction
A) 20π of the area of the circle?
B) 24π
C) 26π
D) 30π

7 10
Which of the following is the equation of a circle
that has a diameter of 8 units and is tangent to the
graph of y = 2 ?
A wheel with a radius of 2.2 feet is turning at
a constant rate of 400 revolutions per minute on
a road. If the wheel traveled kπ miles in one
hour what is the value of k ? (1 mile = 5,280 feet)

A) ( x + 1) 2 + ( y + 2) 2 =
16

B) ( x − 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 =
16

C) ( x + 2) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 =
16

D) ( x − 2) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 =
16