NAME: ASHWINI BUNKAR ROLL NO.

: 18D180003

Instructor: Shyam R. Asolekar

ES 658:
Maximum Marks: 100
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Assigned on: 26thJan, 2022 (Wed)

MID-SEM#1 Due on: 7th Feb, 2022 (Mon)

on or before 6 PM:

You are assigned to work on the “environment related” initiatives of the given company and
should submit the report on that study.

Categorically write concise but comprehensive ‘short notes’ on:

Part A: Description of the Company Assigned to You (50 marks)

Write about the company (brief description of the products and services offered by the
company, locations as well as salient data on work-force, annual turnover, etc.). The typical
products and services offered by the Company, very brief info on the potential customers/users
of the products/services offered by the Company, clearly record the name of the company in
the beginning of your answer.
Part B: Pointers for Developing the Case Studies (100 marks)

The National Environmental Policy (2006) is attached along with the email as the reading
assignment. You are asked to prepare the relevance of the initiatives taken by the company
vis-à-vis the National Environmental Policy (2006). Give your categorical response in this file.
Include your commentary on following FOUR aspects:
1. Initiatives undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices in Health, Safety and
Environment (HSE) (25 marks)
2. Initiatives undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices in Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) (25 marks)
3. Initiatives undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices in Extended Producer
Responsibility (EPR) (25 marks)
4. “Sustainability Reporting” undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices
(25 marks)
Part C: Pointers for the “Comparison of Performance with Peer Group” (50 marks)
Finally, present the “Comparison of the Performance with Peer Group” (This is the most
important aspect I would like you to include in your answer. If there is no literature on the other
companies having same or similar or comparable products and services; then look at the type
of products such as consumer goods, consumer durable, electronics, etc. Comparison of “your
company with the peer group companies” needs to be made and presented in your answer. To
do it well, you will have to read literature, conduct a targeted literature review and give the list of
those references at the end.)

Page 1
Present your answers in a structured manner in this file starting on page 2. Create the sections
and address the points listed above categorically (as directed).

Write answer in your own language. Refer to published journal papers and reports and cite
them appropriately in your answer. You are expected to study the journal papers and reports
and write answer in your own language (create your own diagram and flowcharts if necessary).
Copy-pasted text and figures from internet resources or other reports or documents will be fine
so long as you give the source then and there in brackets.

Give citations from literature and web-resources. It should be cited as in a thesis or research
paper. Give citations in the captions of table, figure, photograph or flow diagram (Source: . . . . .
. or Adapted from . . . . . . .) as well as in the text where you quote the table, figure, photograph
or flow diagram, etc. It goes without saying that you are free to include your own table, figure,
photograph or flow diagram.

Steps for submission of your answers:

Step 1: Rename the attached file as “GroupNo_ES-658_Mid-Sem-1” as docx or doc file. I

want you to just add your group number and one underscore before the filename of the
attached file. Type in your name and roll number on the first line of the attached document in
the designated box. Use this renamed file for typing your answers. Do not change settings and
format of this file. Submit this docx or doc file as attachment. No pdf file please!

Step 2: I am expecting you to write briefly. Use the same file, as described in Step-1, to report
your submission.

Step 3: Upload your answer file (word file only) as attachment in Moodle interface.

Step 4: In case you are not able to upload answer sheet in Moodle interface by 6:00 PM on
Thursday, 7th February 2022, alternately you can send your doc file (doc file only, no pdf
please!) replying to this email. Do not create any separate subject line. Make sure you add
the following email IDs asolekar@gmail.com, shrutisharmaiitb22@gmail.com and in the
“To” field.

1-Day Late Submission 5% Penalty

2-Day Late Submission 15% Penalty

3-Day Late Submission 30% Penalty

Beyond 3 Days . . . . . . . . . . . No Credits

Page 2
 TATA STEEL
Part A: Description of the Company
Tata steel represents India’s largest integrated steel plant, established in 1907. It is known as
TATA Iron and Steel Company or Tisco. Flat and long steel, tubes, bearings, ferro-alloys, and
minerals, as well as freight handling services, are all part of the company's product offering.
While Tata Steel is rated 34th in the world in terms of size, World Steel Dynamics placed it first
(for the second time) among 23 world-class steel businesses in June 2005.
Tata Steel has a strong competitive edge because to its factory in Jamshedpur (Jharkhand) and
nearby captive iron ore mines and collieries. The business's main factory in Jamshedpur
produces 5 MTPA of flat and long products, while NatSteel Asia, a recently acquired Singapore-
based company, produces 2 MTPA of steel in Singapore, China, the Philippines, Malaysia, and
Vietnam. Tata Steel's activities are divided into strategic profit centres such as tubes, growth
shop, bearings, ferro alloys and minerals, rings, Agrico, and wires, in addition to the core steel
sector.
The company has a long list of firsts to its credit, including awards for operational efficiency,
quality standards, labour relations, corporate social responsibility, corporate governance,
leadership, knowledge management, and other critical features at national and worldwide
forums. To keep up with shifting market circumstances, it has continually reinvented itself
technologically and upgraded its product line. Its efforts to expand and modernise have been
backed by a continuous focus on upholding high standards of municipal infrastructure and civic
amenities in its planned township in Jamshedpur.
i. Products and services offered and potential customers
Hot and cold rolled coils and sheets, galvanised sheets, tubes, wire rods, construction re-bars,
rings, and bearings are among Tata Steel's products. Automobiles, white goods, construction,
and infrastructure industries are all targets for the items.
In order to counter steel, the corporation has launched brands such as-
 Tata Wiron (wire rods for farming and fencing segment)
 Tata Steelium (cold rolled steel for auto ancillaries and the general engineering
segments)
 Tata Shaktee (corrugated galvanised sheets for rural house builder segments)
 Tata Tiscon (re-bars for individual house-builder semi-urban segment)
 Tata Pipes (pipes for individual house builder and farming segments)
 Tata Bearings (bearings for original equipment manufacturer and replacement market)
 Tata Agrico (agricultural equipment for farming and construction segment)
The firm has concentrated on expanding sales of its branded items, with sales of these
products as a percentage of overall sales increasing steadily over the previous few years.
It is important for the company to stay up with their clients' rising requirements, particularly
those in the automotive and construction industries. Throughout the customer's buying
experience, they seek to provide additional advantages through personalised services and
solutions as well as value-added goods. Through ongoing development of solutions beyond
steel, such as Pravesh Steel Doors and Windows, Ready Build cut and bend rebar solutions,
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 and Nest-In housing solutions, they are exploring and discovering into new lines of business to
protect themselves from the cyclicality of the steel sector. (Services, 2022)
ii. The inputs needed by the Company
In India, raw materials activities of the company are primarily divided into three categories: iron
ore, chromite, and coal. The chromite and manganese mines, as well as their activities, have
been merged into the 'Ferro Alloys & Minerals Division,' which operates as a separate strategic
business unit. Because iron ore and coal are two of the most important raw resources for steel
manufacturing, efficient and scientific mining operations provide a competitive advantage.
iii. The production processes
Manufacturing process conducted in the industry are described below-
1. Raw materials mining and processing
With captive iron ore mines and collieries located near production plants in Jamshedpur
and Kalinganagar, this is India's most integrated steel firm, following the highest
standards of environmental management in the mining locations and use advanced
technologies for mining operations.
2. Inbound logistics
Three major ports are located for inbound supplies and imported raw materials sourced
from the world that are Dharma, Pradip and Haldia which are approximately 350km,
400km and 250km from Jamshedpur respectively.
They also collaborate with Indian Railways to ensure that raw materials are transported
efficiently from mines and ports to our production facilities. Inbound logistics supports
the continuous delivery of roughly 40 MnTPA of raw materials through railway waggons
from ports and captive mines, assuring quality and economic efficiency. A network of
conveyor belts transports raw materials throughout the Works, while solid waste is
transferred by road.
3. Iron and steel making
The Blast Furnace method is used to make steel. Various supporting processes,
including as coke production, sintering, and pelletization, are used to turn raw materials
into hot metal and crude steel. Our techniques are intended to achieve high productivity
while controlling slag rate and steelmaking needs with the resources available.
Technologies deployed- Stamp charging battery, CDQ, Open bed sintering, Fines
utilisation as pellets, Bell-less top charge high-capacity furnaces, Basic Oxygen Furnace
for steelmaking, Online granulation of Blast Furnace Slag, De-sulphurisation, Secondary
steelmaking
4. Outbound logistics
Through a network of 6 hubs and 18 stockyards strategically located across India,
outbound logistics, which consists of a network of warehouses and Steel Processing
Centres (SPCs), provide prompt delivery and transportation of completed goods to
satisfy on-time delivery requirements of clients. As a result, delivery times from the
stockyards might be as short as 48 hours. The output quantities of 34 product
categories from 49 industrial facilities are predominantly transported by Indian Railways
and trailers across distances ranging from 15 kilometres to over 2,300 kilometres.

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 5. Rolling and Processing
The rolling mills enable to produce a wide range of products with unique forms, sizes,
and chemical and technical qualities. The goods are subjected to rigorous quality control
and assurance methods in order to meet customer specifications and expectations.
Manufacturing of variety of retail-oriented items is done and offer customised solutions
to a number of our industrial clients.
Technologies deployed- Slab to coil, Billet to bar/rod, Rolling Tandem Mill for pickling
and rolling, Hot dip galvanising.
iv. The wastewater treatment, recycle and reuse of the treated effluents, air pollution
control etc. if any.
Steel is a recyclable commodity, and iron/steel scraps are utilised as an input material in steel
melting shops. Approximately 7% of iron/steel scrap from internal sources was utilised in
manufacturing during the 2007-2008 fiscal year. There was no scrap bought from other
sources.
The Company is concerned of its activities' impact on the environment and continues to invest
in pollution control technology, effluent treatment facilities, air quality monitoring systems, waste
recycling and disposal schemes, and other initiatives and schemes targeted at reducing its
environmental footprint.
About water discharge, the Company discharges treated effluent from the Works, as well as
treated residential sewage from Jamshedpur's township, into the rivers Subarnarekha and
Kharkai. Two sewage treatment plants in Jamshedpur's township have sufficient capability to
handle the whole town's sewage. Process wastewater was treated using the best-known
physio-chemical technologies and recycled back into the process.

Part B: Pointers for Developing the Case Studies

i. Initiatives undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices in Health, Safety and
Environment (HSE)
The Company's top focus is health and safety management, and are on target to accomplish
'Zero Harm' by 2025.
The Company has been working on six strategies to achieve this goal:
-build safety leadership capability at all levels to achieve zero harm
-achieve zero harm to contract employees by strengthening the deployment of contractor safety
management standards
-improve competency and capability for hazard identification and risk management
-improve road and rail safety across the Company
-excellence in process safety management
-establish industrial hygiene as a company-wide priority.
Several initiatives were implemented to improve the health and safety standards of the
Company's employees, including the implementation of a reward and recognition policy for
Indian operations to encourage positive safety behaviour among employees, the
commissioning of a safety leadership development centre' to enhance workforce competency
and provide safety induction training, and the establishment of a 'Tactical Centre' for business

Page 5
 continuity management during emergency situations. Tata Steel Europe is one of a group of
firms that created HSE Performance Improvement Teams to promote workplace safety by
learning and sharing best practises.
In addition, a concerted effort was made to enhance the deployment of skilled contract
personnel in high-risk activities. Ten Safety Standards were simplified and e-learning modules
were designed for effective learning and implementation of Safety Standards across the
organisation.
To address gaps and raise safety awareness, three unique safety programmes, namely 'Zero
Harm,' ECAUP (Elimination of Commonly Accepted Unsafe Practice), and 'Fall from Height,'
were launched across sites. The Senior Leadership's monthly analysis of red risk occurrences
resulted in a 44 percent reduction in high potential incidents compared to the prior year.
Additionally, the drive to implement Process Safety using the 'Centre of Excellence' concept
gained traction. Also, at the World Steel Safety and Health Recognition ceremony held in
Mexico in 2019, the Company was recognised for the best practise on 'Managing Process
Safety Critical Equipment for Barrier Effectiveness.'
The company is utilising digital technology by using a 'Smart Safety Wearable' created in-house
in partnership with Tata Communications for online monitoring of health indicators of workers in
Jamshedpur's isolated workplaces. A video analytic system, comprising the first Automatic
Number Plate Recognition ('ANPR') system, was established in Jamshedpur to increase traffic
safety. Local command centres were also constructed in various places to improve CCTV
visualisation.
To protect employee health, the company has developed Industrial Hygiene hazard
management procedures in Jamshedpur to reduce exposure levels. Health awareness
initiatives on heat stress, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity were held across India, involving
15,000 employees and contract workers.
Other initiatives include leadership coaching and site interventions at both integrated sites, the
implementation of new governance and review structures, the rapid deployment of coil banding
standards and codes of practise, and a move toward a more digital approach to support site
health and safety teams and the development of management systems in accordance with ISO
45001. ("TATA STEEL, Integrated Report and Annual Accounts 2020-21", 2021)
ii. Initiatives undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices in Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR)
The Company also recognises the need of providing a safe and healthy workplace for all of its
workers and other stakeholders, and aspires to be a market leader in the areas of Safety,
Health, and Environment, as well as Corporate Social Responsibility ('CSR'). This will be
accomplished by putting a greater emphasis on decreasing workplace accidents as well as
carbon emissions and natural resource usage, such as water. Through its CSR efforts, the
Company will continue to strengthen its connection with communities, with the goal of changing
many more lives.
The Company's Corporate Social Responsibility ('CSR') programmes are designed to improve
community quality of life by creating long-term value for all stakeholders. The company has a
CSR policy in place that outlines how it will execute its CSR operations. The Company has
been at the forefront of many CSR projects for decades.The company is still committed to
enhancing people's quality of life. Through creative projects in health, drinking water, education,
livelihood, sports, and infrastructure development, the Company tackled significant

Page 6
development concerns faced by the communities we serve, affecting the lives of nearly 1.4
million people. (Srivastava, 2012)
Some of the initiatives are listed below-
 Self-Help Groups (SHG’s)- More than 500 self-help organisations are now
working under various poverty alleviation initiatives, with over 200 of them
engaged in income-generating activities through micro companies. Women's
empowerment initiatives have been expanded to 700 communities through Self-
Help Groups. The maternal and infant survival project covered 42 villages in
Gamharia block in Seraikela Kharsawa from 2003 to 2006, and a replication
study was started in Rajnagar block. For the benefit of nearly four lakh people,
2,600 tube wells have been built to provide portable water to rural areas.
 Supports Social Welfare Organizations- Tata Steel supports various social
welfare organizations. They include-
-Tata Steel Rural Development Society
-Tribal Cultural Society
-Tata Steel Foundation for Family Initiatives
-National Association for the Blind
-Shishu Niketan School of Hope
-Centre for Hearing Impaired Children
-Indian Red Cross Society, East Singhbhum
 Healthcare Projects-The Tata Steel Centenary Project was been unveiled in its
100th year. Tata Steel's healthcare operations include child education,
immunisation, and childcare, as well as planting activities, AIDS awareness, and
other healthcare initiatives.
 Economic Empowerment-In three backward tribal blocks in Jharkhand, Orissa,
and Chhattisgarh, a programme aimed at economic development through
improvised agriculture has been launched. This initiative is anticipated to assist
40,000 indigenous people residing in over 400 villages throughout these three
states, with an estimated cost of Rs 100 crore.
 Assistance to government-In collaboration with the Ministry of Railways, Impact
India Foundation, and the Government of Jharkhand, Tata Steel has hosted 12
Lifeline Expresses. Over 50,000 individuals have benefited from it. Over 1,000
people received assistance and equipment, while 5,000 people obtained surgical
services. Tata Steel's CSR operations have benefitted over seven million people
in rural areas and another seven million in metropolitan areas. (Srivastava,
2012)
More than a thousand households have benefitted from the National Horticulture Mission
initiative, which was launched in conjunction with the Government of Jharkhand. Renewable
energy is being prioritised in partnership with the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy and the
Confederation of Indian Industry, with the goal of improving rural livelihoods.
The Company's trademark CSR programmes have been recognised as models of good
transformation in areas including as school education, maternal and newborn health, tribal
identity, and the creation of a multi-thematic corridor of well-being connecting its regions of
operations in Jharkhand and Odisha. In India, the company works closely with tribal populations
Page 7
 in its operating locations. In implementing its programmes, the Company has collaborated with
the state governments of Jharkhand and Odisha, as well as a number of reputable national and
international development organisations.
iii. Initiatives undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices in Extended Producer
Responsibility (EPR)
None
iv. “Sustainability Reporting” undertaken by the Indian and foreign branch offices
Sustainability has always been prime focus of Tata Steel's strategy and business operations.
Management truly believes in delivering long-term sustainable value for all of our stakeholders
as a responsible corporate citizen. Long term is being taken to meet the United Nations'
Sustainable Development Goals, and it has been included in long-term strategy and
sustainability goals. The company is engaged to producing steel in the most efficient way
possible, with the least amount of waste and the least amount of effect on natural resources.
The Company's sustainability strategy focuses on integrated thinking and balances the effect
and outcomes of six capitals: financial, manufactured, intellectual, human, social and relational,
and natural capitals. Significant aspects of this approach include lowering carbon emissions to
2 tCO2/tcs, achieving zero waste, reducing particular water usage to 3 m3/tcs, and tripling our
CSR reach by 2025. ("TATA Steel, Corporate Sustainability Report 2008", 2008)
Company has a team named “Corporate Sustainability Team” that deals with sustainability
across the organisation and its value chain. The team keeps a record of worldwide best
practises in sustainability and helps the Company incorporate them into its critical processes.

Page 8
Part C: Comparison of Performance with Peer Group
Parameter for
Sr # TATA Steel
Comparison
1 Brief description of the Established in 1907
products and services
offered by the company, Location- Jamshedpur,
locations as well as Jharkhand
salient data on work-
Product- Steel, long steel
force, annual turnover
products, structural steel,
wire products, steel
casting pipes
No. of employees-32,364
(2021)
Company has
concentrated on
increasing sales of its
branded items, with sales
of other products.
Throughout the
customer's buying
experience, they seek to
provide additional
advantages through
personalised services and
solutions as well as
value-added goods.
Alcoa Corporation
SAIL (Steel Authority of
(Aluminium Company of Remarks
India)
America)
Established in 1888 Established in 1954 Tata Steel is rated 34th in
the world in terms of size,
Location- Pittsburg, US Location- Bhilai World Steel Dynamics
placed it first among 23
Product- primary No. of employees- 63,433 world-class steel
aluminum, fabricated (2021) businesses in June 2005
aluminum, bauxite
Alcoa is the world’s
Product- Steel, flat steel leading producer of
No. of employees- 14,600
(2017) products, long steel alumina, primary
products, wire products, aluminum and fabricated
wheel and axle for indian aluminum.
Alcoa is a global railways
company operating in 41 SAIL is the 20th largest
countries. The company's Hot Metal steel producer in the
Price, quality and service manufacturing capacity world and the largest in
are the principal will continue to grow, with India.
competitive factors in a goal of reaching 50
Alcoa’s markets. million tonnes per year by
2025.
Page 9

Parameter for
Sr # TATA Steel
Comparison
2 Initiatives on Health, Target to accomplish
Safety and Environment 'Zero Harm' by 2025
(HSE)
The Company has been
working on six strategies
to achieve this goal: build
safety leadership
capability at all levels to
achieve zero harm,
achieve zero harm to
contract employees by
strengthening the
deployment of contractor
safety management
standards, improve
competency and
capability for hazard
identification and risk
management, improve
road and rail safety
across the Company,
excellence in process
safety management,
establish industrial
hygiene as a company-
wide priority.
3 Corporate Social Initiatives taken by CSR
Responsibility (CSR) includes-
Alcoa Corporation
(Aluminium Company of
America)
ALCO's approach aims to
establish the concept of
continual improvement
into the company's
culture. ALCO has
worked closely with
Alberta's provincial
organisations, such as
OHS and WCB, to reach
ALCO's aim of zero
accidents.
ALCO's comprehensive
safety policy
encompasses all areas of
ALCO's operations in its
Edmonton Fabrication
and Manufacturing
facilities, as well as what
they perform for clients on
job sites.
As a firm, ALCO believes
it's ethical obligation to
carefully select
SAIL (Steel Authority of
Remarks
India)
SAIL Safety Organisation
(SSO), a corporate unit of
SAIL was set up in 1988.
Objectives of SSO
include-creating a Safety
culture, monitoring safety
activities of plants/units,
evolving safety systems
in operation and
construction, keeping
abreast of latest
developments.
SSO develops and
implements appropriate
safety policies,
procedures, systems,
action plans, and
guidelines, among other
things, and monitors their
application to assist
provide a safe working
environment.
Scope of SAIL’s CSR
includes-
-Eradicating hunger,
Page 10
 Alcoa Corporation
Parameter for
Sr # TATA Steel (Aluminium Company of
Comparison
America)
- Self-Help Groups their operations, thus
ALCO Filters' production
- Supports Social Welfare facilities are built to be
Organizations environmentally friendly
and long-lasting. They
- Healthcare Projects
prefer to
- Economic choose ecologically
Empowerment friendly technology such
as solar energy
- Assistance to (photovoltaic panels) for
government the factory and
warehouse, as well as
evaporative cooling
systems for the building
and heat generating
machinery, rather than air
conditioning units and
refrigerant coolants.
4 Extended Producer None None
Responsibility (EPR)
5 “Sustainability Reporting” Alcoa is trying to redefine
Company has a team
the aluminium industry for
named “Corporate
a sustainable future, with
Sustainability Team” that
finest bauxite mining
deals with sustainability
methods, the world's
across the organisation
lowest-carbon alumina
and its value chain. The
refining system, game-
SAIL (Steel Authority of
Remarks
India)
poverty and malnutrition,
promoting preventive
health care and sanitation
and making available safe
drinking water.
- Promotion of education
including special
education and
employment enhancing
vocation skills especially
among children, women,
elderly and differently
abled and livelihood
enhancement projects.
- Geographical coverage
- Training to promote rural
sports, nationally
recognised sports,
Paralympics sports and
Olympic sports
None
SAIL has adopted the
“4R’s Policy” (Reduce,
Recover, Recycle and
Reuse) across all its
processes and is
committed to reduce solid
waste generation and
Page 11
 Alcoa Corporation
Parameter for SAIL (Steel Authority of
Sr # TATA Steel (Aluminium Company of Remarks
Comparison India)
America)
changing technologies in maximize its utilization to
team keeps a record of
aluminium smelting, and 100%.
worldwide best practises
the industry's most They're also succeeding
in sustainability and helps
complete range of low- in restoring and
the Company incorporate
carbon products. The rehabilitating damaged
them into its critical
Alcoa Foundation was ecosystems in order to
processes.
established to create sustain and enhance
collaborations and biodiversity while also
educate new people in replenishing ecosystem
order to conserve and services.
preserve the
environment. It backs
projects that add long-
term benefit to the
communities in which
they operate. Their goal is
to assist environmental
protection and
preservation projects
while also encouraging
equal access to education
and skill-building
opportunities.

Page 12
References
Hartbrich, I. (2022). Tata Steel. VDI Nachrichten, 76(02), 22-22. https://doi.org/10.51202/0042-
1758-2022-02-22-2
Services, H. (2022). Tata Steel Products & Solutions | India. Tatasteel.com. Retrieved 7
February 2022, from https://www.tatasteel.com/products-solutions/india/.
Srivastava, A. (2012). Corporate Social Responsibility: A Case Study of TATA Group. IOSR
Journal of Business and Management, 3(5), 17-27. https://doi.org/10.9790/487x-0351727
Tata Steel UK Limited to sell long products business. (2016), 71(2), 68-69.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mprp.2016.02.040
TATA Steel, Corporate Sustainability Report 2008. (2008).
TATA STEEL, Integrated Report and Annual Accounts 2020-21. (2021).

Online References
Alco Group. 2022. Company | Alco Group. [online] Available at:
<https://www.alcoenergy.ca/company/#health-safety-and-environment> [Accessed 5
February 2022].
Alcoa.com. 2022. Alcoa -- PRODUCTS. [online] Available at:
<https://www.alcoa.com/global/en/what-we-do> [Accessed 7 February 2022].
Csimarket.com. 2022. Alcoa (AA) Business Description - CSIMarket. [online] Available at:
<https://csimarket.com/stocks/AA-Business-Description.html> [Accessed 7 February
2022].
En.wikipedia.org. 2022. Alcoa - Wikipedia. [online] Available at:
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoa> [Accessed 7 February 2022].
En.wikipedia.org. 2022. Steel Authority of India - Wikipedia. [online] Available at:
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_Authority_of_India> [Accessed 7 February 2022].
Sail.co.in. 2022. CSR | SAIL. [online] Available at: <https://sail.co.in/index.php/en/csr>
[Accessed 7 February 2022].
Sail.co.in. 2022. The particulars of SAIL Safety Organisation | SAIL. [online] Available at:
<https://sail.co.in/en/right-information-act/brief-manuals/particulars-sail-safety-
organisation> [Accessed 6 February 2022].
Services, H., 2022. Steel Supplier & Manufacturer in India | Tata Steel. [online] Tatasteel.com.
Available at: <https://www.tatasteel.com/investors/integrated-report-2017-18/customer-
focus.html https://www.tatasteel.com/products-solutions/india/products/raw-materials-and-
responsible-mining/> [Accessed 5 February 2022].

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