CHAPTER 9

RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

Relation between focal length and radius of curvature

RULES FOR DRAWING RAY DIAGRAMS IN MIRRORS

IMAGE FORMATION IN CONCAVE MIRRORS
Mirror Formula

It is applicable to all concave and convex mirrors.

Derivation
Linear Magnification (m)
It is the ratio of the height of the image (h’) to the height of the object(h).

m = h’/h

In triangles A’B’P and ABP, we have

B’A’/BA = B’P/BP

With sign convention;

-h’/h = -v/-u

ie; m = -v/u

m=h’/h = -v/u

Uses of concave mirrors

 Shaving/ make up mirrors
 Dental mirrors
 Car headlight mirrors

Uses of convex mirrors

 Security mirrors
 Rear view mirrors