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Class 10 - Science

Light Reflection and Refraction Test 01

Question No. 1 to 5 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

While dealing with the reflection of light by spherical mirror set of sign convention is followed. In this convention, the pole (P)
of the mirror is taken as the origin. The object is placed to the left of the mirror. All distance measured to the right of the origin
is taken positively. Distance to the left is measured negative. All distance parallel to the principle is measured from the pole.

1. Linear magnification produced by a concave mirror may be

a. less than 1, more than 1 or equal to 1
b. more than 1 or equal to 1
c. less than 1 or equal to 1
d. less than 1 or more than 1
2. Magnification produced by a plane mirror
a. zero
b. equal to one
c. less than one
d. greater than one
3. If the magnification of -1 is to be obtained by using a converging mirror, then the object has to be placed
a. beyond the centre of curvature
b. at infinity
c. between pole and focus
d. at the centre of curvature
4. The ratio of the height of an image to the height of an object known as
a. magnification
b. none of these
c. refractive index
d. lateral displacement
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5. If the magnification has a plus sign then the image is ________ and ________.
a. real, erect
b. virtual, inverted
c. virtual, erect

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d. real, inverted
6. The image of a bright object is brought on a screen with the help of a concave mirror. If the upper half of the concave
mirror is covered, the effect on the image will be:
a. Its size becomes half
b. The image changes position
c. The image disappears
d. Brightness will be reduced
7. As light IM is incident on the surface PQ, as shown the emergent ray has to be:

a. ND
b. NC
c. NB
d. NA
8. A student obtains a blurred image of an object on a screen by using a concave mirror. In order to obtain a sharp image on
the screen, he will have to shift the mirror.
a. towards the screen
b. to a position very far away from the screen
c. depending upon the position of the object
d. away from the screen
9. Assertion (A): As light travels from one medium to another, the frequency of light does not change.

Reason (R): Because frequency is the characteristic of source.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
10. Assertion (A): A virtual image cannot be photographed.

Reason (R): Only real objects are photographed.

a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.
11. State True or False:
i. The incident ray, the normal to the surface at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane.
a. True
b. False
ii. The absolute refractive index of a medium is simply called its refractive index.
a. True
b. False
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papers with their own name and logo.
12. Fill in the blanks:
a. The phenomenon of change in the path of a beam of light as it passes from one medium to another is called
________ of light.
b. The ________ of a lens is a straight line passing through its two centres of curvature.
13. A ray of light is refracted as shown in the figure. Which medium A or B is optically denser than the other?

14. What is magnification of lens ?

15. A concave lens has a focal length of 10 cm. An object 2.5 cm high is placed 30 cm from the lens. Determine the position
and size of the image.
16. i. What happens to a ray of light when it travels from one medium to another having equal refractive indices?
ii. State the cause of refraction of light.
17. At one of the blind ends of a road in a colony lot of accidents used to take place. One day Kunwar moved into a house
near the blind end. On a certain day he saw an accident take place at the blind end. He at once rushed to the spot and
helped the victims with first aid. He, then telephoned for an ambulance. Later on he met the President of the welfare
committee of the colony and requested him to install huge convex mirrors at both ends of the blind end. After the
installation of the mirrors the accident rates suddenly dropped.
i. What according to you are the values displayed by Kunwar?
ii. Why did Kunwar advise the installation of convex mirror?
18. What are Cartesian sign conventions used in spherical mirror ? What is the mirror formula ?

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Class 10 - Science

Light Reflection and Refraction Test 01

Solution

1. (a) less than 1, more than 1 or equal to 1

Explanation: less than 1, more than 1 or equal to 1

2. (b) equal to one

Explanation: equal to one

3. (d) at the centre of curvature

Explanation: at the centre of curvature

4. (a) magnification

Explanation: magnification
5. (c) virtual, erect

Explanation: virtual, erect
6. (d) Brightness will be reduced

Explanation:

If the upper half of the concave mirror is covered, the amount of light that gets reflected from the mirror will be reduced.
Consequently, the brightness of the image that is formed on the screen will be reduced.

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7. (b) NC

Explanation: For parallel surfaces the emergent and incident rays should be parallel.
8. (a) towards the screen

Explanation: The blurred image is seen only when the separation between the screen and mirror is less than the focal
length.
9. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

10. (c) A is true but R is false.

Explanation: An image on a plane mirror is virtual and it can be photographed.

11. State True or False:
i. (a) True

Explanation: True
ii. (a) True

Explanation: True
12. Fill in the blanks:
a. Refraction
b. Principal axis
13. During refraction of light, when a ray of light enters from denser medium to rarer medium it bends away from the
normal due to increase in its velocity. medium A is optically denser than medium B because ray of light is bending away
from the normal.
14. Magnification of a lens is to the ratio of the height of the image formed by lens to the actual height of object.

If h is the height of the object and h' the height of the image formed by lens, then magnification m =
h

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If u and v are the distances of object and image 

′
h v
m = =
h u

15. Since the lens is concave, hence f is negative

Given: u = - 30 cm; f= - 10 cm; h = 2.5 cm; v = ?; h' = ?

The lens formula for concave lens is

1 1 1
− =
v u f

v
−
−30
1
=
1

−10

v
=
1

10
−
1

30

−3−1
1

v
=
30

v = -7.5 cm

The negative sign indicates the virtual nature of the image.

The image is at a distance of 7.5 cm from lens (in front of lens).

−7.5
The magnification m = v

u
=
30

=  = +0.25

The positive sign with the magnification indicates that the image formed erect.

The size of the image is determined by h'.

′
h
 = m

h' = h × m

= 2.5 × 0.25

= 0.625 m

Thus the image formed is virtual and erect. It is at a distance of 7.5 cm from lens and its size is 0.625 cm.

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16. i. It does not deviate from its path because both the medium have same refractive indices. 
ii. Speed of light changes when it travels from one medium to another due to which it deviates from its path.
17. i. The values displayed by Kunwar are concern for others, helping nature and correct use of knowledge.
ii. A convex mirror has a wide range of view. As a result, it is capable of showing the traffic on the other side of the
blind end. Since, Kunwar was aware of this fact, therefore he advised for their installation.
18. The modern Cartesian sign conventions are :

(a) All the rays are drawn from left to right.

(b) All distances are measured from the pole of the spherical mirror.

(c) The distances measured in the direction of the incident light are taken as positive and those measured in a direction
opposite to the direction of incident light are taken as negative.

(d) The heights measured upwards and perpendicular to the principal axis of the mirror are taken as positive and vice
versa.

Since the object is always placed on the left of the mirror, u is always negative.
If u is the distance of object and v the distance of image from pole of the mirror, then

or
2 1 1 1 1 1
= + = +
R v u f v u

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