Answer the Following Questions: Use steam tables to solve the first four questions.

The other
question involves air.

This is an assignment. These problems will be discussed in one of the classes to be held during the
next weekend and the students should work all problems and submit the answers with the working
before 31 October 2021. All answers and working will be thoroughly screened for copying and
plagiarisms and all those who do not adhere to above will get zero mark for the assignment.

Question 1

A closed vessel 0f 0.8 m3 capacity contains dry saturated steam at 360 kN m -2. The vessel is cooled until
the pressure is reduced to 200 kN.m -2.

Calculate:

(a) The mas of steam in the vessel

(b) The dryness fraction of the steam

Question 2

Steam at 4 MN.m-2 and dryness fraction 0.95 receives heat at constant pressure until its temperature
becomes 3500C. Determine the heat received by the steam per unit mass of steam.

Question 3

A quantity of dry saturated steam occupies 0.3951 m 3 at 1.5 MPa. Determine the final condition of the
steam if it is compressed until the volume is halved:

(a) If the compression is carried out in an isothermal manner,

(b) If the compression follows the law, PV = constant.
(c) In case (a) determine the heat rejected during the compression.

Question 4

A quantity of steam at a pressure of 2.1 MPa and 0.9 dry occupies a volume of 0.427 m 3. It is expanded
according to the law of PV1.23 = constant (polytropic process) to a pressure of 0.7 MPa. Determine:

(a) The mass of steam present

(b) The work transfer
(c) The change of internal energy
(d) The heat exchange between the steam and surroundings, stating the direction of transfer

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Question 5

An oxygen cylinder (material steel) has a capacity of 300 litres and contains oxygen at a pressure of 3.1
MPa and a temperature of 180C. The stop valve at the top of the cylinder is opened and some gas is
used. If the pressure and the temperature of the cylinder falls to 1.7 MPa and 15 0C, respectively,
determine the mass of oxygen used.

If the stop valve is now closed and the oxygen remaining inside the cylinder gradually attains its initial
temperature of 180C, determine the amount of heat transferred through the cylinder walls from the atmosphere.
The density of Oxygen at 00C and 0.101325 MPa may be taken as 1429 kg.m -3 and  = cp/cv = 1.4.

Question 6

0.1 m3 of gas is compressed from a pressure of 120 kPa and temperature 25 0C to a pressure of 1.2 MPa
according to the law PV1.2 = constant. Determine:
(a) the work transferred during the compression
(b) the change in internal energy
(c) the heat transferred during the compression

Assume cv = 0.72 kJ/kg. K and R = 0.285 kJ/kg.K

Question 7

An air receiver has a capacity of 0.85 m 3 and contains air at a temperature of 15 0C and a pressure of 275
kPa. An additional mass of 1.7 kg of air is pumped into the receiver. It is then left until the temperature
becomes 150C once again. cp = 1.005 kJ/kg K and cv = 0.715 kJ/kg K Determine:

a) The new pressure of the air in the receiver

b) The specific enthalpy of the air at 15 0C if it is assumed that the specific enthalpy of the air is zero
at 00C.

Consider cp = 1.005 kJ/kg.K and cv = 0.715 kJ/kg.K

Question 8

A gas has a density pf 1.875 kg. m-3 at a pressure of1 bar and with a temperature of 15 0C. A mass of 0.9
kg of the gas requires a heat transfer of 175 kJ to raise the temperature from15 0C to 2500C, while the
pressure of the gas remains constant. Determine:

(a) The characteristic gas constant (R) of the gas.

(b) The specific heat capacity of the gas at constant pressure
(c) The specific heat capacity of the gas at constant volume
(d) The change of internal energy
(e) The work transfer
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Question 9

A quantity of air has a volume of 0.15 m 3 at a temperature of 1200C and a pressure of 1.2 MPa. The air
expands to a pressure of 200 kPa according to the law PV1.32 = constant. Determine:

a) The work transfer

b) The change in internal energy
c) The heat transfer

Question 10

a) State the First Law of Thermodynamics as a statement and in mathematical form. Give at least
two real life examples to explain the First Law.
b) What is a process and a Cyclic Process? What is the result when the First Law is applied to a
Cyclic Process
c) What are the limitations of First Law of Thermodynamics
d) Explain briefly in words and sketches different thermodynamic processes. Write the relevant
mathematical equation in each case.

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