Definition Principle

Integration principle
Need to secure that the environmental
conditions are integrated in the economic
development plans and that these are
considered when the environmental
objectives are applied.

Equitable use of the natural resources that implies

considering the needs of others when using a natural
resource. Equitable- intragenerational principle

Desire Intergenerational principle

The needtotoexplore natural
preserve resources
the natural in a considering the
resources
sustainable, prudent, rational or
benefit of the future generations. appropriate
way.
Sustainable principle

1. Match the concepts of biocapacity (definition), biocapacity of natural systems and biocapacity of
managed systems.
Concept Definition
1. Biocapacity (b) a) Cultivated farm trees, farms,
shepherding field

2. Biocapacity of natural systems (c) b) It refers to the biologically productive areas a las

3. Biocapacity of managed systems (a) c) Woods, prairies, rain forest

ANSWER: ________________________________________

4. Complete with the words ecological credit and ecological deficit:

When the ecological footprint DOES NOT EXCEED the biocapacity: ___ecological credit_____________

When the ecological footprint DOES EXCEED the biocapacity: __Ecological deficit ______

5. Write down the definition of ecological footprint along to its main characteristics:

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022
 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. The water footprint, is the total volume of water used to produce goods and services that a country
consumes, match the images to the water footprint blue, green and grey. Add information.

Image Type of water footprint Definition

Gray water Contaminated waters from domestic
use.

Can’t be consumed

School, work , hospitals, etc.

Used for farming, cattle and

agriculture

Green water
Rainwater

Blue water Used for consumption

Clean water for domestic usage

Drinking, showering

7. Match with a line the definition according to the type of solid residues.

2 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022
8. According to the 3R´s System (Koizumi Junichiro) to reduce the generation of solid residues, write in every
space the corresponding definition.

3 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022
 II. Petroleum. Write the definition for the following concepts:

a) Petroleum
Mixture of hydrocarbons from yellow, brown and black. It is less dense than water.

b) Physical properties of petroleum

liquid, sticky, less dense than water, black or yellow, strong smell.

c) Fractional distillation and refining

process to separate petrol based on the different boiling points. Gasoline is the most abundant

d) The most important refineries in our country

Tula, hidalgo; Minatitlán, Veracruz; cd. Madero, Tamaulipas; Caderelta, Nuevo León; salamanca, Guanajuato.

e) Octane rating
Percentage of isooctane added to gasoline for better performance.

f) Examples of products that are petroleum derivatives

Plastics, perfumes, paintings, textiles, glues, medicines, isolators, make up, soaps, food additives, natural gas, fuels, and detergents.

III. Energies. Write on the line the corresponding type of energy:

1. It is one of the gases produced by the electrolysis of water and it is used as a fuel: hydrogen________

2. Panels build with Boron, Arsenic and Silicon and that use the energy from the sun: photoelectricity solar
panels.

3. Energy produced by the force of the sea waves: _tidal energy (only one not found in Mexico).
___________________________________________

4. Energy produced by the potential and kinetic energy of the water current: _ Hydroelectric________________

5. Energy extracted from the internal heat of the Earth: _geothermal_(most abundant in
Mexico)_____________________________

6. Fuel mainly constituted by methane and other gases along with sulfur and nitrogen impurities: _natural gas
_(least green house gases) ________________________

7. Fuel obtained by the refining and distillation of petroleum that has between 7 and 8 carbons:
_gasoline_________________________________

8. Obtained from organic residues: _biomass______________________________

4 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022
 9. Energy produced by the fission of radioactive atoms of certain elements such as Uranium: _nuclear energy
_____________________________

10. Energy produced by wind mills: _Eolic energy ________________________________

IV. Write in the following chart the general properties of organic and inorganic
compounds.

Properties Organic Inorganic

compound compound

lo low high
Melting/boiling points
Ss Solubility in water insoluble soluble

conductivity high low

isomerism plenty none

flammability flammable inflammable

Type of bonds covalent (non ionic

Polar)
reactivity low (catalyzers) Hi high
Elements present C C,H,O,N,P,S Cc CO2, CO, C, CN,
CO3-2, HCO3-1

V. Complete the following chart with the information corresponding the different types of hybridization:

Carbon Number Number Angle Geometry of the Number of Structural

hybridization of of pure between carbon (name and bonds formula of
hybrid orbitals hybrid drawing) (single and the carbon
orbitals orbitals double)

4 0 109.5º tetrahedral 4 single

sp3

3 1 120º Trigonal planar 2 single 1 double

sp2

5 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022
 2 2 180º linear 2 doubles or 1
sp triple and 1
single

VI. Given the following molecule answer the questions.

A) Condensed formula: C14H21

B) Total sigma bonds: 33

C) Total pi bonds: 5
D) Type of carbon (1°, 2°, 3°, 4°) carbon 1: 3º
E) Hybridization for carbon 2: sp2

F) Angle between hybrid orbital for carbon 3:120º

G) Geometry for carbon 4: linear

H) Total of hybrid orbitals for carbon 5: 3

I) Number of hybrid orbitals for carbon 2: 2

J) Number of carbons with sp3 hybridization: 7

K) Number of carbons with sp2 hybridization: 4

L) Number of carbons with sp hybridization: 3

6 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022
VII. COMBUSTIONS

Complete the COMBUSTION reactions and point out whether they are complete or incomplete, balance the
reactions:

CH3
CH3 C CH3 + O2 + + e ne rgía
CH3
a)
b)
¿¿ ∆ 3CO 2 +¿ H 2 O+ Energy
→

c)

¿¿ +¿ O2 ∆ 5CO +¿ H 2 O+ Scarce energy

→

d)

C 8 H 18 +¿ O2 ∆¿ +¿ H 2 O+ Energy
→

VII. Write down at least 3 differences between complete and incomplete combustions.

a) Quantity of energy

b) Quantity of oxygen

c) Formation of CO or C
d) Color of flame (yellow/orange  incomplete)

Incomplete:
Yellow/orange flame
Low oxygen
Lw energy
Subproduct: CO or C
Complete
Blue flame
High oxygen
High energy
Subproduct: CO2.
7 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022
Gases  (plastics) (C1-C4)
Gasoline  (industrial solvents) (C5-C12)
Kerosene  (diesel fuel, catholic cracker) (C12- C16)
Fuel oil  (diesel fuel, catholic cracker) (C16-C18)
Lubricating  oil (lubricants) (C16- C20)
Residue  (asphalt) (C20+)

8 ELABORÓ: MTRA. LETICIA LÓPEZ CUEVAS, REVISÓ: ISABEL CORIA FRANCO, ENERO 2022
TRANSLATION: LAURA NÚÑEZ, JANUARY 2022