ep Beun Kpanau Bajpas* CHHTYIAPHA CYKI[ECHJA BO PAMCKOTO MH COBPEMEHOTO MIPABO upe: 347.6787) Original Research Paper Ancmpaxm: Himepecom sa paswwnune acnexmu na nacredyaaremo, Hecomneno nomexnysa 08 nocmojanama axmyetnocm na npauarsemo sa wmo nodobpo pezyiupare na HacnedHo- npasuume oduocu, KAKO 60 meopujama maka u 60 npaxmuxama. Osoj mpyd ce sanustasa co edHo pemxo e1aGopupano npawaive Koe ce oduecysa Ha MooicHocma 2a onpederysarve Ha cunzynapen cyxuecop 40 mecmaexmom. Bo punckomo npaso 40 maa caucna, ce pabomu 2a uumumymom xecam u pudeukomuc (legatum, fideicommissum) dodexa 60 MakedHOCKOMO Npaso 2a AezaMom KaKO MovicHa codpoIcUHa na mecmanenmom. Onmyxa, ucmpaxcyaaromo Ke ja noKance 2enezama, Ho 1 nomnama onpedexenocmu sudosume Ha oBUe uncmumymu, coodsemno nowyeajku 08 pewenujama #o puuckomo npaso. Hpumoa, asmopume ce Poxycupaam na Modanumemume 60 Kou Mowe da ce jasu cuxeynapnama eyryecuja, Kaxo u Husnume nomenyujarnu nedocmamoyu Kou Gu mooicene da npempnam usmanu de lege ferenda. Kayunu s6oposu: Cunzynapna cyxyecuja, xezam, @udeuxomuc Bones Eqvo nosiaro Haven0 Ha pHMCKOTO Hacme7HO paso Koe raacH caput et fundamnetumtotiustestamentiestheredisinstitutio” jacho ymaryna Ha SaK:IY¥OKOT jleKa OCOGEHO crapoTo iuscivile CrpOrO ce APH 0 NpABKLIOTO, Ha MOMETOKOT Ha TecraMeHTOr ja GUE CMECTEHO TOKMY HMeHyBAIETO Ha wacneaHMK heredisinstitutio, cropeHo ¥o sartonenwa(msmpearina) * floneter, Mpanen gaxyarer ,Jycramajan Tpsu", Yaunepsurer Cs. Kupyor a Merosuy* Cronje 233opma, HekayanBo Ha aarHHCKH jasHK, UT BO cyUITHHA MoxeTO na 6HAe i egmHcTReHa peveHHia Koja ro MpaRH TecramenTor noaHoRaKeH'. HMeHo, ceTo ona ITO Ro TecraMeHTOT GH GiTO HaneAeHO Mpen UMeHYBaReTO Ha Acie, Ce eMerasIO 3a HeRBKesIKO? Gai.2, 229. Ante heredisinstitutioneminutiliterlegatur, scilceiquiatestamenta vim ex instititioneheredisaccipiunt Jleraror mpex MMeHYRARKeTO Ha HacTeAHMK € HeRaKeNKH, GusejkH TecraMeHTOT oGHRA RaxHOCT OX UMEHYRAIKCTO Ha HacaeMUNK, Baxeara ompenenGa Koja sa HyKeH eeMeHT (Co MOKHOCT ja Gute H esHHCTRCH) 12 PHMCKHOT TecTaMeHT ro eMeTa TOMY HMCHYRAHLeTO Ha HacTEANHK, ke ce MpowickyBa HHS HesIarTa HeTOpHja Ha PHMEKHOT IpaReH HopesIoK, RepojarHo Kako peunNE 1a sajcraporo chhakaie 3a HaCaeRyBAIBerO, pe Ce KAKO nacueysame Ha nosnujara Ha pater familias’ Meiyroa, nperopeKara Murepncnunja Haxo He rH jAeporupasta npaRMara Ha craporo, erporo i opMasKerHKO PHMCKO MpaRO, cerlak MsBpINKTO HSBECKHR MpoMeHH, KOH HOKpaj CoApAMNCKH Gi MRO HACOKA Ha MocTereHO orcTanyRare oA UpHapAysarero 0 crpormor dopMaausam. Kako nocaenHua 1a Toa, MMCHYRAIBETO Ha HACKEANHK BO TecTaMeHT MOxKE10 1a Cue CTOPeHO H co uajecTo ce yorpeGysane eneanane wspast., Lucius Titus mihi heresesto" amt Marcus, filiusmeus, heresesto* Gaius. L117. Sollemnisauteminstitutiobaccest: TITIVS HERES ESTO; sed et illsiamconprobatauidetur: TITIVM HEREDEM ESSE IVBEO; at ila non estconprobata: TITIVM HEREDEM ESSE VOLO; sed ct illac a plerisqueinprobatae sunt: TITIVM HEREDEM INSTITVTO, itera: HEREDEM FACIO Dig.28.5.1Uipianuslibro primo ad Sabinumpr. Qui testatur ab heredisinstitu tioneplerumquedebet initium faceretestamenti. Licet etiam ab exheredatione, quamnominatimfacit: namdivusTraianusrescripsit posse nominatimetiam ante heredi sinstitutionemfiliumexheredare. 1.Institutumautemheredemeum quoque dicimus, qui scriptus non est, sed solummodonuncupatus. 2. utus et surdusrecteheresinsttuipotest. 3. Qui nequelegaturus quid estnequequemquamexheredaturus, —quinqueverbis Potestfaceretestamentum, utdicat: “Lucius Titius mihi heresesto”: haecautem Scriptura pertinetadeum qui non per scripturamtestatur. Qui poteritetiamtribusy erbistestari utdicat: “Lucius heresesto": nam et “mihi et “Titius” abundat. 4. Si ex fundofuissetaliquis solus insitutus, valet institutiodetracta fundi mentione. 5. Si autem sie scribat: “Lucius heres”, licet non adiecerit “esto”, eredimus plus nuncupatum, ‘minus scriptum: et siita: “Lucius esto”, tantundemdicimus: ergo et siita: “Lucius” solummodo, Marcellus non insuptiliter non putathodie hoc procedere. Divusautem Pius, cum quidamportiones inter heredesdistribuissetita: “Ile ex partetota, ille ex tota” necadiecisset “heresesto”, reseripsitvalercinstitutionem: quod et Tullanus scripsit. 6 Item divus Pius rescripst “Ila uxor meaesto” institutionemvalere, lcet deesset “heres”. 7. Idem Iulianus “ilumheredemesse”, non putavitvalere, quoniam deestaliquid: sed et ipsavalebitsubaudito “iubeo”. * Conpemewutre npaka ro Hanylnraar cranOoRMTeTO eka TecraMeTor HYHO Mopa Ja conpaM HNeHyRatbe Ha HacteHINK, 234ApyrH sGopoBH WAIK HSpasH, KOH He peAMSBHKYBaar COMHEK BO BACTHHEKATA Roilja Ha TecTATOpoT, ONHOCHO OH KOH facto MoxkE s1a Ce ONpEsIEAH KOTO TOj FO UMeltyba sa HaciestHHk. Tloyouna, TecraMeHTOT Morkedl Jia Gusle CocTaReH H Ha upyr jas nopaj na siaruuicn’, Ocwen nanyurratbero na bopMa:tHsMor, 3a odmoRaAKHM Gute u cute oxpedGu KOU Moxexte 1a GHuLar jeN Ha TecraMeNtTor, a Sue Locraseun upes HMenyBaIbeTO 1a LaciKesIHKS LJlerator Bo puneKoro npaso Juscivile,noxpaj onpeaexGara sa npumuuinor Ha ynunepsamia cykuecna, pusiazasio Hu usBeci opmu a sucessio in singulas res, oxHOCHO MOKHOCT $4 OCTaBHTeOT, Ha TOBAP Ha OCTABHHATA HAIK HACTeAHHKOT, 2 HO KOPHCT Ha ‘TpeTH MMA, ja OUpedeneH MpeHOC Ha HeKOja CTEAp Wal HeKOe Mazo. Inst. 2.20.1-2 (De legatis): ... Legatum itaqueestdonatioquaedam a defunctorelicta. Sed olimquidemerantlegatorum genera quattuor: per vindicationem, perdamnationem, sinendi modo, perpraeceptionem et certaquaedanverbacuiquegenerilegatorumadsignataerant, per quaesingula genera _—_legatorumsignificabantu. Sed ex constitutionibusdivorumprincipumsollemnitashuiusmodi Hajerapara opMa wa cumrysapaa cykuecuja e steraror, legatum, ed uninpan kako popaasiia usjaza na Bonja Ha Tectaropor,verbisimperativuss, Co Koja Toj ro oGepsyza MMeHyBAHHOT HACHIENHHK 0 TeCTAMeHT BO KOPHCT Ha TpeTO TMU Aa MpeHece HeKOe Mazo WAM ya My sage HeKOja cTBap. Baxeoro cropyarse TpeGaio a ce oGexGeqH ToKMY Of HacsIesCTROTO KOE Toj ro joGuBa:T. Orryka, jacHo nponseryaa jleka ce paGorH sa cuHrysapara cyxutecuja. JJerarapor uvan mpazo ya ja 1o6Me ueKay"MEo onpenenenara cTBap 1 pH Toa He OfTORapas 3a OGEpcKHTe Ha OcTARHHaTa, HITY HMA + Baxaure upoweuu ce upayraar aa Koueranrus x Teostocuj IT onwocko cpesnara na IV a Vinek. Buu I 2, 20, 34 * TlonwonaxHn Gite AypH H Kora HMeKYRAKETO Ma HaCTeNAMK OHIO HHKITOBHO Ha He Moreno xa ce peannnpa Gaius (11.226).Post mortem quoque heredisinutiiterlegatur, id est hoe modo: CVM HERES MEVS MORTVVS ERIT, DO LEGO, aut DATO. itaautemrectelegatur: CVM HERES MEVS MORIETVR, quia non post mortemheredisrelinuitur, sed ultimo uitaeeius tempore. rursumita non potestlegari: PRIDIE QVAM HERES MEVS MORIETVR; quod non pretiosarationereceptumuidetur. Bo oxHoc Ha 3GopossTe Kon Ce yllorpeGyaaute 3a NeKaKYRAHE Ha RO:jara Ha TecTaropor UUpu serupaisero, Keciopen ¢ Gaxror eka uypH 3a apeMe sia IyerInjan ce oreTartti0 Ox ‘oGpexara toa 1a ce upasu co TosHo yrspacHi SGopoxH (HeTOTO BaXKH M38 dhceKOMACOT) Buan:, Joshua C. Tate.Codification of late Roman inheritance law-fideicommissaand the ‘Theodosian Code. The Legal History Review 76 (MartinusNijhoff Publishers,2008) 242 235MOXHOCT CBOeTO Mpago a TO OCTABpH Npes Aa ce HaMMpaT AOBepTeNHTE va ocrasuHara, Tloxpaj HasMBOT serar, CO Koj ce OsHatyBasIO eK HeKOMy My € AaqeHa OGEpcKa HeNITO ja CTOpH AIK NpeseMe, MooMHA ce KopHeTeTE HW 3pasor xoHOpar, honoratus, co 3HaveHe HarpazeH, NouecTeH, HacnOopoTH onepar, oneratus Koj ro osHayzast HacsesMUKOT Koj TpeGasio ja ja Meno oGxpeKara on eraror KAKO LOMKEH, OsLHOCHO OrrToRApe! TloceGno sunmanie Ha ORO) BHy{ Ha CHHTysapana cykuecHja O6puysame Sapa dakror miro onpenesyaareTo Ha slerar GHTO MOKHO HEKIYHHRO kaj TecramenramHoro Hacneyeaie. Hero, neraraor Gust nomHonaxKeH camo Toraul Kora GHI CONP:KAH BO MONHORAKCH TECTAMCHT, a MOLOUHA HBO KOMI KO} GHAI HOTEPAEH co TecraMeHt. Toa sHasit jleKa HoKpaj heredis institutio, wo caysajor Ha xerar TpeGasto sla Gwar HenomHeTH yesIOBMTE BO npcka co akrusuara M macusuara recramenrmpaxunja, Jlerarapor rpeGao sta uma testamenti factio passiva wo ojiwoc sa Teeraropor (OcKEH HO MEKOH wexaysnrennn enysaenn).Llkro ce oaHecyna He Mores 1a Gate pasmntien, Moxer0 sta ce paGorst sa coneTBENMKO HIKE sIpyrO crmapHto mpano 1a Hexoja creap(H360p noMefy HexosIKy cTRapH Om ocraRMHaTa WIM weATEH jen On Hea), 3a OGAUTaNHOHO MpaBO(HOGapynaise, OTHE Ha our), ManyMitcHH Ha poGoBH H cit, Bo sasHicHocr on mpexMeror, (popMara H iprenocraskure, PAMCKOTO paso passmiKyBasto HETHPH BHZIOBH serar. Legatum per vindicationemumact 3a nocitemmna HentocpestHo sacHonarbe Ha COncTseHOCT HIM j{pyro CTBApHO MpaRo Ha aJeraTapor Ha cTBApaTa Koja Guna onpererena Bo nerarot. Toc sHa¥t zeKa HerosoTO cTaspHO mpazo wactanysaro ipso jure BO MOMeHTOT Ha CTeKHYBaIeTO Ha HacmenCTeOTO, Ges norep6a 3a moceSeH mpewoc Ha concTaeHocTa om HacTenHMKOT Ha nerarapot. Moxktocra Ha eraTapor a KopHcTH MeTHTOpHa cocnTBeHHKa ryx6a mpotus HacnenuKor, rei vindicatio, ynarysa Ha Ba saKTyyoUH Tipeamer #a onoj nerar Moxeste sa6wnar camo CTBApHKOH GusTe BO KBMPHTCKA COCTECHOCT H HasHBOT Ha OBO] BIN Jlerar HOTEKHYBa TOKMY oO; MOKHOCTA MpagoTo fla ce 3aUITHTH CO PeHBMHAMKaLWOHA TyxGa.PopMara npeABHAeHA 3a BaKos nerar Guna do,lego. Gai. 2, 193. Per vindicationem hoc modo legamus: “Titio” verbi gratia “ hominem Stichum do lego”... 194. Ideoautem per vindicatoinemlegatumappellatur, quia post aditamhereditatemstatim ex iureQuiritiummrelegatarii fit Jlerar per vindicationem npasume saxa : wa “Titio”, Ha npamep, “My To apa H s1erHpam poGor Stichus”. Legatum per vindicationem ce sitka, saToa ITO KesLHAM NOCsIE CTeKHYBAHETO Ha HacHeACTHOTO, AeraTopor ja creKHyBA craupra cope KBMpHTeKOTO paso. Legatum per damnationem, 34 pasiwka on BHHAKKAIHONHOT, wivast jejerao Ha oGnuranja, TIpwroa nerarapor cranynan joRepuren peAMeTOT Ha eraTOT, TO} 236a wacaeqHHKor jomkHnK. MpeaMer Ha BaKRHOT nerar Moxkesia ja Ge He camo cragp Koja mpunafana Ha OcrapMHara H HacTeAHHKOT, TYKY H Ha TpeTO ame, OGepexara Ha HacnenHHKoT Gusta la ja HaGaHH Taa Creap HTH ja MAarH nejsuia nporumepexuocr. Mpazara urro mpoussteryaaute 3a slerarapor 01 O80} KRASHKOHTPAKT, TO] MoxKedt 1a FH SAMLTHTH Co actio in personam, BO cHy'ajOR actio ex testamento, 3apayu BaKHovO jejeTRO, Ha RaKOR HAYHH YeCTO ce erHpan H WileaIeH eM On HacHe;teTROTO (KAKO cHHFys!apana cykuecHja). opmara Gusta heresdamnasesto dare. Gai. 2,201. Per —damnationem hoc modo legamus: "heresmeiusStichumsevummeum dare damnasesto” Legatum per damnationem npanuMe aka” Mojor nacit oGxpsant sta ro state poor Stichus” Legatum sinendi modo, wero vaKa HMan O6uMrauMOHO jE{erBO, CO TAA pasanka Wo oGupekara ce cKeayHaa Ha pati, Tpnewe, a He Ha darenan facere. 3a v0a sGopyna w npessnitenara hopma here meus damnasestosinere. Bapantn nakanara ostpentGa HacmestMMKOT Mopalt Jka TPM sterarapor sta ro HOGHE ompeenenoro co aerar, Ho caMo Of OcraRMTeNOT HK Ox HacienHHKOT" Legarum per praeceptionem', Gust criopent oxoity mpautratsero KoMy 6s mosBosten, as1M Gi01 pesepEMpAH HCKITYHHHO $a EEN OCH COCHACHIEAUMIITE Koj no nar na praeciptionorkest sa rH 3eMe nerMpauitte Creapy mpest HoeTOKOT Ha jenGara na HactesIcTROTO, MMH KAKO neraTap Mo>Kes10 1a Ce jamit WHE KOE TO HeMa ceojcTHoTo Ha CocHacaemHMK( Ro BaxoR cay¥aj 6x GHLT BHHAHKAUHOHEH erat). Bakeure camsiocta nonefy pasmmunte BHOBH, ToTOUHA peastHo rH rene Ha aka, Equior co creapHo-npazio sejctRo legatum per vindicationemu apyruot co o6surauxono-npario ejereolegatum per damnationem. Tloxpaj toa, co SC Neronianumog I sex, Gua qosRomeHa H KoHBepsuja Ha HeBOKCUKHTE JETATH, a AEUUMTHBHOTO OcsHOGOLYBAIKE OH OpMAIEEMOT BO Jycrumujanozoro saxonaoqancrao, neraror ke ro eBene na etuuicTeesia bop, na crlopes cTaRpHOTO HK OGaMTaMOHOTO jejeTRO Mpazara Ha nerarapitre Suse saurrurrei co actiones in remuu actiones in personam coonBeTHo. Tloxpaj pasauuirre eijjoni slerarH, BHHMaHMe sacmy kya H npaniarero Ha MAOMEHTOT H HaMHOT Ha HeroROTO CTeKHYRatbe, MMeHo, 3 pasHka on Mponumannre Hawean 3a npudakaise Ha HacnejlcTBoTO Ha yHHRepsanuHTe HHK HeKa Gute Gaius.11209,Sinendi_modo italegamus: HERES MEVS DAMNAS LVCIVM TITIVM HOMINEM STICHVM SVMERE SIBIQVE HAE * Gaius, 1216. Pet praeceptionem hoe modo legamus: LVCIVS TITIVS HOMINEM STICHIVM PRAECIPITO, 217.Sednostriquidempraeceptoresnullialiieo modo legari posse putane nisi ei, qui aliqua ex parteheresseriptusesset. praceipereenimessepraceipuumsumere; {quod tantum in eius persona procedit, qui aliqua ex parteheresinstitutusest, quod is extra portionemhereditatispraecipuumlegatumhabiturus sit STO. SINERE 237cykulecopi, RoenHaNeH cTaR oxomy slerarapHTe He MlocTOeN BO pHMCKOTO mpazo. Co omen Ha pasmiunure (opMi, MoMeHTOT Ha cTeKHyBaHe Ha erator Moxkel a 6Wjle HAH 8 MOMeHTOT Ha jleanusjara (HI MOMeHTOT Ha ormoparse Ha Tecramentordies cedensniH 20 MoMeHTOT Ha npudakarse Ha nacaenersoro dies veniens’ Bo ciyaeaure Ha ckoeHOsHO OkyNMpaIKe Ha CrRapHTe o sieraror, HacuemHMuMTe Morkesle a KpHcrar interdictum quod legatorum Vicropucku yestoneno co cneGeerero Ha cemejnitre apeKs, seraparsero cranato ocoGeNo nonysiapen HayWH 3a pacnpenenGa Ha ocraRMHara 3a Tecraropure. Bapaila TPCAHAOT Ha TO MOCsaTaNeHOTO KOpHCTEHe Ha sleraror M Toa 3a ONpeeTYRAMBE Ha sKePaTH 3a MOTOsIEMHOT es 07 OCTABHIHATA, KonesnHor exo Ha TecraMcHTaNHOTO pactiosaratbe BO RAKRHTe cay4aH Necronam G10 joReyBANO BO mpamiabe, GusejkM sa nMenyRarnuTe nacesumiut ocranyrate camo OGEpeKHTe. Co onGHRAKKerO Ma UpHdar sta nyasio KOH “euIeTHOTO, TECTAMe! agjeT#O H ce mpi \cneaynave MackoKa Ha Sa4yBysaiseTo Wa KoHeTToT Ha TecramentTor, PHMCKOTO Npawo, No Mar Ha SaKONCKH HHTepBeHUMH BO HeKOsIKY HaBparH HSHPUINAO HSBeCHH OrpanHysatba KOH ce osecyBaste Ha erature, Taka Lex Furiatestamentaria ja orpanwsna sicnnara a sieraror Ha 1000 acu (ocsen 3a KoranTH ,10 mecTH cremeH)"*, Ho saKonoT Gust Ges peasten eer, Grstejk ocrasnnata Moxee 2a Ge nerHpara co nerarH OMAK Oo OBO) TeHSyC. Taxos nexon uman # Lex Voconiaxoj sa6panysan nerarap 2a mpi noneke 07 on To ro oGHBa HacmesHAKOT. Ouexysannot efexr ro nocturnan Ler Falcidia", soseaysajkn ja quartafalcidia, ontocuo veTsptiHa on ocTasuHara pesepsMpaHa 3a HaciemHMKoT (aKo Gute mloneKe HacnemHMm, HajMamky “eTapTHNa on enor Koj Gx uxt mpwmazuaz). Toxpaj Toa, ako neratuTe HamMuMyBate Tpit NeTEpTHUH Ox EpeAHOCTa Ha OcraBHHATa, THe GuAIe cpasMepHO HaMastyBaHH Bo KOpHcT Ha HacsteABHKOBATa sarapaHarupana YeTapTHHA, Gai. 2, 227. Lata estitaquelexFalcidia, qua cautumest, ne plus eilegareliceatquamduodrantem ,itaquenecesseest, utheresquartam partem * Tleraror woes sta Guje w eyenensuaHo yenonen. HerosoTo cTeKHyBambe sapHces0 On MoMeHTOr 1a Heriomtynare ia cyeniensimtHoT yeroa, Bo enyuarre wa Yenowenn wm opoxeni serarH niocToesia oGapeka 3a mozarame Ka cautiolegatorumservandorum Kako oGesGenysaise 3a serarapor eka seravor ge Owe waupute. AKO He Oiu1a Hosloxesa waKua xayniyja, nerarapor woxex ja loGue missioinpossessionem( muzgeHne Ha ocrasuara) a nHojo1wa H missioinbonago exojerso Ha sesspuina Nenpasa. 3a nerara net max, JyeTHNAjaH "npeaiesien saKoneka xunoTexa Ka CTaspirTe op OCTaRKHATa © Bo enporiso, ce ruiaKa SeTHpHKpareH HSHOC Ka BHILOKOT Ha HACHEHIKOT " Onoj saxon ocurypynaut heredisinstitutio 238hereditatishabeat. Baroa e jonecen Lex Falcidia, co Koj e onpeteHo jleKka HeMoxe 1a ce xernpa nlokeke of TpH eTEpTHH, 1a saTOA HYKHO € HACIeMHMKOT sla TOME serapriia of HacsenerRoT0” Bakewre nponucn na overox Guute uMeparienn, JyerHnn jan osBOsHA MoxkHocr Tecraropor Hpi oxen jla Gapa quartafalcidiacamo ako ja ucKopHerHn MOxHOCTA ja HanpaBH beneficiuminventarii 21a To JlesIerHpa BAKBHOT 3aKOH, a HacHeHUKOT 2.Fideicommissum (putenkone) Tloxpaj steravor, Kako ocHon sa cuuirysapua cykuecnja ce janynat u duaenwomncor. Ce paorn 3a ne*bopwaia mou6a, Huim npenopaxa Koja ocrapnTenor Moxen sla ja ynarn Ha HacnemMMKoT, aerarapor usm 1a puaennomncapor (fideicommissarius), no KopuicT Ha Tpero sunue, dwayunjap (fiduciarius), aa aaxe win cropy wemTo, Ha ToRap Ha ocTaRHHATa, UE. 25, 1. Fideicommissum est, quod non civilibusverbis, sed praccativerelinquiturnec ex rigoreiuriscivilisproficiscitur , sed ex voluntatedaturrelinquentis. PuseMKOMHe e O1a LITO HM Ce OCTaBa He Co NMBHOMpaBHH s60poBH HTH Hi HpHTIafa HO CTporOTO UAXEILIHO MpaHO, TYKY ce jlaRa Mo Bostjara Ha ocrannrenor, Hasueor Ha onoj mcritys, Koj moTeKnyRa ox Tepwunte fides! commitere', ja osatysa HeroRara 2aRMCHOCT Of HaCHeNHMKOBATA CORECHOCT 1H -MECHOCT, OM KOja e/IMHCTBeHO 3ABHICeNO MONHTYBaHBeTO Ha BaKBATA MosIGa Ha ocTaBHTeNOT. 3Ha‘H Ha MOYeTOKOT, GueHKOMHCOT He Oi caHKMMOHUpaL. Tlpapxara samrura ja 2o6ua zypH 3a EpeMe Ha ABrycT, KOTa MOxKeM a GHTe peauHsupan co momo Ha Konsys. Toqouna, 3a Taa HaMena Gy saqomKeH noce6eu opran praetorfideicommissarius, 80 noctaniKa extraordinem. Bakagara nosHuHMOHMpaHocT Ha (PHseHKOMHCOT yilaTyBa Ha 3aKAY4OKOT yeka Ha nowetoKor Toj GuTHO ce pasnuKysaa on neraror. Toxpaj Toa, pASIIMKHTe ce COCTOETE H RO YULTe HeKOAIKY KapaKTepHCTHKH, © Tloxpaj saxsara npmweua, lexPaleidiaonocnoquartaFalcidia, nounysajén on Cem Cenep, toxese 1a ja kopnerar ntacnenmmrgrre 80 cay'aj a donatio mortis causa. C.6,50,5.Simortiseausaimmodicasdonationesinsororemtuammatremeontulisseprobarepotes, legisFaleidiaerationesecundmeonstitutionemdiviSeveriavimeiutipotes. Axo monet Ja lOKaKeII Jleka TRojaTa ajxa aEpUNHLIa HecpasMepHH slapyearba sa exysaj Ha empr chpena reojara cecrpa, Moxceil a ce ocaaykHIl| co opeOKTe Ka lexFalcidiaenpea kneritryiuijara a Goxecreannior Cenep, mojor 1e10 Conecuoer, yeewoer ™ JIa ce oreranm, aa ce noRepi, sa ce nae 239Tajnpao, dustenkoucor moxex ja ce jasu M Kaj weTecrarcKoTo HacctenlyBarbe, lloxpaj Kaj TecTameHTanHoTo, Hako SbopMaaHo-rpasHo TpeGat0 a MocToM akrieHa TecrameHTHdaktja Kaj ocrasHTenor. Toa sHamH eKa pakosaanuHor GutenkoMHe He Gu! epzan 8a npakoRAAAWHOT TeCraMeHt ny xno, Gustejku To} Mokena Gute ynaren K Ha witTecrarcKHTe HacsIEZWHU, Ho W Ha slerarapure HM Ha apyrure dutenkomucapu, Hajsecto ro} Gust onpestynatt Ro KOHLI, HO TOA MoxkesIO j1a Gi4te CropeHo H_YCHO KAKO H HO o6usH0 nHemo'’. TIpHToa, He 61x10 norpeGHO sa ce HOWNTyRAAT npaBHLIATa oxomy ynorpeGara Ha Touna hopmysia, HTH cKHysHRATA yHoTpeGa Ha srxrunieKHor jasnk'®. Illro ce onmecyra jlo mpeMeror Ha (pHsLeHKOMHCOT, BO HSBECHA EMEA ce pasunkynait ost 0110) 1a sieraror, Meno, omite ite MorKeu1a jta ce Onpesty na coupaxnna co errapno-npasito aejeTno, TyKy caMmo on OGsIMTANHONa MpHpona”. Gai. 2,250. Cumigiturscripserimus: “Titiusheresesto, possumusadicere: “rogote, L. Titi, petoque a te, ut cum primum possishereditatemmeamadire, C Seioreddasrestituas” Kora ke nanmuneme: “Titiusnexa Gane nacneanx”, Mowkeme 1a gomaxeme “Te Moam L. Titiusi Gapam of TeGe u1ro noGpso ta ro mpucbarnut HacaeneTBOTO Ht 2a ro Mpestazteut 1a C. Seio” Cerrak, saxasara umpoka nocranenocr na dislenKoMucor BO oxHoe Ha HeKanH orpanityBarka samrosnaita Ja ce MeHyRa TOraM! Kora To} AOGrt mpasia saurrra, Hajmpso, uqeHKOMHCOT He Moxea ma HM ce OCTaBH Ha onpetenn Kateropiit Ha s1Mtta Kako peregrini, incapaces, personae incertae", 3a MlogouHa fa ce RoBeMaT McTHTe OrpaHMyBarsa KAKO M 3a neraTHTe. 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Bo Aea0T on snaraweTo 3a compantara na neraror, noceOKo ke ee oespHeMe Ha nawutior Ha veapa‘yeamero ua npeneraro. Heli, JakooT npernoctaatina 2aeMeTyatke ba seraror Bo HacTeARMOT 1, JOKOAKY TecTaTOpOT HspHKHO He OMpeneHA NoMHAKY © 3H an.111 Bo Taxsa exryanaja, 3axouor He ro npermiocrasysa sacMeryBatseT0 Ha OTT Ha TecTaTopor cmpewa jlouepHTeOT Ho eraror, ocBeN Ho eslyaartre Kora e jaca Wawepara ta ‘Tectaropor no Taa Hacoxa enopen TecramenTammnate ospesOH. Ce pasOupa npentocr TpH Toa ana rloGapysareTo miro jlokepHTesIOT To HMA eMpeMa TecTaTOpoT, a pako Ha MIpweKeTBCHO upilysaibe Ha eraror npeml ocrawarare slerarapH H HACHEAKMUK Ya BO exyHajor Kora ce pun sacweryBaise Ha noaror ko 1eraror. Bust Kspist Yassap,Komesrap Ha 3aKoKor 3a actenyBarsero,Ckonje: Arewada ,Akaslewnk', 1996, 215 © Bum Jbivsaxa Crxposik-TpnenosckaCnnposii-Tprevoscxa, Jbysnana. 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Ba 3H 41.110 er2 * Cyor He Boxi enerka ex officio, urro npowssieryea on. .41 on 3H m7Moxke la onpeesiH HeroRo HaManyzaise, Bakara npaxTuka ce AomxH mpes ce Ha MpudareHHor KOHILENT Ha HYARHO HacTeAYBARKe RO HaIlleTO HacsleHO 3aKOHOMARCTEO, CTlOpey{ ITO HACHEsHHKOT Koj € AOsDKEH fla ro MaRpUNH NeraroT Moxke j1a HOGapa HeTOHO HaMaLIYRAIbE AOKOKY CO HerOROTO HSEpUnyRaIE ce ompetyka HeroRHOr Hy>KeH teu". Bo caysaj xora e onpexesen eyGnerar nak, npaKoro sta Gapa erono HaManynarme My mpHnafa Ha serarapor, oKomky cyGneraror ja HawMuHyEa npeatocra Ha oGHenHor erat” Moxkiiocra 3a cpasMeHo HaMaypaibe Ha sleraror Bo saBliCHOCT O7 TOA AIM CO Hero Ce NOMPEsLYRA HYAHMOT jLO WIM Ce HAMHHyBA peHOCTA Ha neraror jtoa‘a BO MpeRHA M Kora TecTaTopor OMpenesMT MpABHTErHpAH nerar, Koj GH Mowe 1a GiLIe HAMALICH LOKONKY CO cpAsMepHO HaMa:IyRAIDe a ocranaritre slerarn He GH MOXEHHO Ja Ce HOKPHE HO EOCT HYKHOTO nacacaysame’', Co orien Ha aktor eka cenax ce paGorH $a sa4ynynaise Ha TecTaToponara aproHoMHa nosja, BaKoHor ja O3RONYRA M MOKHOCTA no TecTaMeHTor 1a Gisle OnpeesteH NOMHAKOR Hay 3a HaMAMyBaHKe a mpequocra wa erate Hain cyGnerarue criopen wenGara Ha Tecraropor® EnaGopauyjara sa KonuentTor Ma curysapuaracyxuecnja RO MaKeOHeKOTO HaciesHO saKoHONaRcTHo Ke ja SAONpyAHME co racemero(ornafaisero) 1 sacrapyBarsero Ha sieraror, 3H no «1.108 109 rit onpesenysa cutryanuure Kora neraror ornia‘a, useuasynaji ro co MpaBHara mocnesMua Ha racers Ha neraror™: ce eMeTa eka HiKOTal He MOCTOeN TaKoR nerar. Jleraroposara empr mpen Tecraropor Ro cexoj cxry'taj sHayH raceme Ha mpagoro Ha slerar, u1To He e ea1ysaj Kora serarapor yMpen Mocae TecTaropor, Ho mpex aa no6apa usepmyzaise Him Mpex a My Gite HaBpuleH steraror, Bo Taxevre cny#ai mpazoTo HM mpunafa Ha neraTaporure HacmemmM 10 puuuunor a penpesestranaja. Visjanarasa orkaxxysatse of.steravor, uero raka uMa.2a nocaesMua racerbe va sleraror, nlocie TO He ce NpHMeHYEa nputwwanoT Ha penpeseHTaunja, Tloxonxy nak Kako steraraps ce janyeaat HTeCTaTCKH HAM TecraMeHTanHH wacHemHMLM, THe MOKeT jla Aalar HeraTHEHa HacHeTHMIKA Hajaza H caMO ACTYMHO BO ONHOC Ha AeraTOT HAH BO OAHOC Ha HacmeAHMOT men, Ta © 3H an.l06 ext © 3H an.106 er2 ® 39 ona noneke Kupi Yazaap, op cit. 209-210 © 3H 92.106 er3 © apantt toa, enopen mac, 7pe6a ja Gie maEpuena Tepwemtonosa KopeKtaja tom Ro lacsOROT Ha WICKORIEE Wk BO TEKCTO H upitroa sa GHC BoeAHaNena ynoxpeGara sia ‘repaoior ce racit* want ornaka* © Illro asso na ro npitbarar HacnencraoTo H na ce OTKAKAT ox eran, NAFO mpuiparar “aeravor a Aa ce OTKAAAT ON HacteReTROTO HAH OGere a TH MpuLarar wu Aa TH ONGHaT Buu Kupun Yanzap. op.cit. 212kpajor, Kora mpHanna 3a raceweTo Ha sleraror € HexocTojHocTa, Taa TpeGa ja HacTaHiana mlocne cocranynameTo Ha TecraMeHToT, GuejH cReCHOTO onpereaysaise Ha TMMeTO 3a Teravap Koe YUITe 3a BpeMe Ha >KHBOTOT Ha OcTaBHTeNOr rH HerlosHyBAIO yenORHTE 3a HeAOcTojHOCT, Tpeba a ce Tpetupa kako Mpourreraibe Ha Tecraropor®. Topenanenenmre curyanne nocranynaar yurre es1Ho sHasajHo npauatse, HOKOAIKY jOjAE AO racerE Ha sIeraror: KOMY Ke NpHnAAHe npeMeToT Ha xerar? Bo Toj caysaj, npeMeror Ha erator HM npsmafa sa sataTa KOH GHLIC OIDKHM 1a PO HSEPUIAT sKeraTOT, a TOA Ce HHTECTATCKHTe KIM TecTaMeHTasIHHTe HacHesUIHILH H Toa cpasMepHO Ha HacHIeseHHTe AEHOBH JOKO:IKY ce paGorn 3a noneke sila. Tachieisero ta upanoro 1a stcrat, noKpaj #0 naKestcHMTe enysan ox su1.108 ont 3H, Moxe 2a HacraNH H BO cxysaj Ha OTyFyRaIbe, TPOMTEHE HK nponafarse Wa mpemMeTor Ha acraTor $a RPeMe Ha ‘MBOTOT Ha TecraTopor Han caysajno mporiafaise 10 HeroRara empr's, Bo cure ciysan, HajarkHa e MpHnantocra Ha mpeaMeror Ha aerar kon tes in specie oxtlocnores in genere, Guacjku sapann Takrara pasmnKa, pasamuna e mpasnara nocaeamta. Bo cy'taj Kora mpexMeTor e MHMBHAyANO onpexteren, erator ke ornate AOKOAKY yurTe Sa BPeMe Ha %KHBOTOT Ha recraropor roj 6x1 oryfex, Norpouren HIM Mpecrantes sla NOCTOM, UITO He € cnysaj Kora mpeametor na aerator ¢ renepHaky onpenenen”. Verara nocneamua Ha racerse Ha neraror ke Guze MpemNSRHKaHa HBO curyanja xora npeametor cay'yjHo mporiataa nocme eMprra Ha TecTaTopoT, Ho He Kora mportafamero Ha cTBapra € cKpHBeHO o7 HeKoe Hue. Torau, amyeTo To aHja BHA MponagHar npemMeToT Ha eraToT ¢ AOMEHO na ja HasOMecTH cTopeHaTa mTeTa cHloper MpaBHara 3a HaOMecT Ha mTeTa On oGauranHoHOTo Mpazo, om mTo Ke ce onpestemH H COOMBeTHA HanoMecT 3a aerarapor. Tloce6na oxosmiocr sapaan Koja Moxke a oje 40 racetbe 1a pazoro Ha aerar ¢ sactapyzaisero, mpemenaeHo 20 41.112 og 3H. Tocaeamyara sacTapeHOcr, cnopen saKoHomaHeNIOT HaCTanyBa No HeTeKOT Ha e7lHa romWHA On neHOT Kora neratapor pasGpan 3a cBOeTO MpaRO H GHA oBMacTeH na Gapa WsEpinyBame Ha meraTor, HO HajqoMHa RO POK oA eceT rORMHH 10 mpakocHstocTa Ha pelleHHeTO 3a HacmeyBarKe, O7HOCHO Mo ARAeCET FOAMHH on emprra Ha ocrasuTesroT* Baxrara nocrasenocr na sacrapynamero Tpe6a ja Gre pastsienana on Hekonky acnekr, TIpaara npernocrasxa HasejteHa #0 saKOHCKaTa oApeGa 5 ibid 5 311 4,109 genera non pereunt 8 SH s112 m9€ mporexyaaiseTo Ha poxor o7 e7Ha roqMHa of MOMeHTOT Ha lo2HaBaHbe Ha MpazoTo Ha s1erat, LITO MOE, HO H HE Mopa j1a Ce MOK:IONH CO MOMeHTOT Ha emprra Ha Teeraropor. Vien, sterarapor Moke la 3Hae 3a locToersero Ha sierar #0 HeroRa kopuer 1 pe; EMprra Ha TeCraropor, HO OHO] POX He More la sanowHe 1a reve mpex| MOMeHTOF Ha CMprra Ha Tecraropor, CO OF:te;| Ha-TOA LTO HE sTerarOr kako curyslapna cykuecija uMa jejer#o post mortem. BapastH Toa, Hajpavo, O80] PoK Moke ja ZaN1OUHE Jia Teve ON MOMeHTOT Ha ewprra Ha Tecraropor Cenak, 3a nocroemero Ha mpakoto Ha Jlerar, seratapor Moxke sla jlostiae H no MOMCHTOT Ha OTRapaiBeTO Ha TeCTaTMeHTOT BO TeKOT Ha PacnpanarBero Ha Ocrapiiara AIK JYypH H 1ocsIe OHECyBAILETO Ha OCraBHHEKOTO PeMICHKE. Kako mmo neke crloMeHanMe, mpanoro Ha slerar € oGmATaNHOHO 10 cnojara upupona, sapain u1T0, MOMENTO Wa CreKHyBaMbero Wa eraror € eylIHOCE MOMENT BO Koj Jerarapor creKyRa upano sla HoGapa ja ce MSBpMIM onpenenennor acrar, Cenax, Momentor Ha Bo ja ce Sapa uspmrysaise 1a nerator, Moxe ta Gute yeroReHO HH opoNeHO”, spas To To] HeMa sta ce HoKiOTM co MoMeHTO Bes omen Ha OKINOCTA {aM MOMeHTOT Ha jlosHaKaibe 3a MpaBOTO Ha nerar Ke ce copiajie co MoMeHTOT om KOra TO} crekHyBa npano 2a Gapa HSEpULYBaIbe Ha sHeraTOT, POKOT OM esta ToaMMA Ke SamOsHE ja Tee Kora kymysiarupno ke Guar ueonteTH Bere HaBEsIeHM MpeTHOCTABKH. Bo apexa co Teverser0 Ha O80} pox, tpeGa 1a ce cloMeHe M eReHTyamHaTa MOKHOCT 3a OcMOpysaise Ha sleraror On crpaya Ha HacmenHMUNTe wAH ocrlopyrarsero Ha MomHORAKHOCTA Ha TECTATMeHTOT BO HesHHa, sapazti LTO HcTo Taka Mowe fla GuLe OMMIOKeH MOMETOKOT Ha TeeHBeTO Ha POKOT. icnomuyeasero Ha uere HaBejeHi MpeTTOcTaBKH BO cyuITHHa To opsiactyBa nerarapor Bo HaBes{eHHOT pox on esta romusHa a Gapa usEpInyBaRse Ha sleraTor Of JOTAHHKOT onperesteH BO TecTameHtor. VisupurysareTo Ha erator #0 OBda cMiesla Ke Ma 3a HocHeAMMa CrekHyBaise Ha pago ua concreenocr ep2 mpeaMeror Ha neraror®, Victexor 1ak Ha pei sleHOT pox 20 Koj erarapor He no6apaa HsEpulyBa‘e SHAM SacTapyBamse Ha HeTOBOTO Mpazo, co ITO MpakoTo Ha cOncTReHOCT Ha MpenMeTor Ha neraror 6H My Mpunajasio Ha aMYeTO OnpestesIeHO KAKO HBEPUIMTeNOT Ha sleraTor. Bo cekoj caysaj, mporexor Ha poxosuTe ox jleceT roMHN 10 KYBAIRCTO Ha Nps a eMprra Ha ocraRMresor, © yeaxo urTo eke BAOBME, MOMAIHTETHTE MPH HAeHYBARE Ha HacTeNMK Mowe ja Gwar MexopHereH mp onpesieyaarbe Ha seraap. © Cyexoto pemienne koe ro oMpejestyea upagoro Ha slerat( Ho paMiEH Ha jloHECEHOTO HHacciejHo petienie), MeMa OOEpsyRa4KH KapaxTep CipeMa Hi{eTO 3a;\O.0KEHO 3a HSBPIYBABSE Ha nleraror, OAHOCHO HMa jlekNaparopeH Kapakrep, ITO 3KA4H FeKA OKOKY HeMA sa ce WORpUIM, Jerarapor € ogsacteH co NloceSHa TyxOa Aa Gapa npecyta 3a HaEpUIyEaHKe Ha sreraror. Bu Kupict Yaszap. op.cit218 250MpakocHaHocra Ha pellleHHeTO 3a HaCHeyBaibe, OAHOCHO RAeCeT FOAMEH on eMprra Ha ocTasuTenoT HMa 3a NlocnesMua raceHe Ha MpagoTo Ha scrar. Baxaysox Tenesara na recramenror kako HilcTpyMeutt co Koj Ha ocramiTeNOr My ce oGesGenyna nspasykarse Ha azronloMmara RosjjasapacnepjenGa na ocranmuara co ejerR mortis causa, ja nokaxkysa npEHMHara Heja Koja AarHpa ox PHMCKOTO MPARO, EAMNCTREHO HMEHYRAMETO Ha HacHEAMMK(IIH) Ja ce eMera sa TecTamenr, Mefyroa, BakBHOT crap, LOKMBYBa cHoja rparedopmanuja BO HACOKA Ha NPOILMPYBAME Ha CONPHHATA Ha TecTAMeHTOT CO TPeTMAHOT Ha MONHOBAKHOCT HHA APYTH O;IpeNOH KOH TO COMMHYRAUIE TecTaMeHTOT CO Kou He Gute MMcHYRANH HaciKeAMMNA. Cenax, MitcteIeTO j1eKa KPytUKjasten cutement, Ges Koj ue MOE sa crane s60p 3a TecrameHt cheredisinstitutio, Hitxoran He Gas1 HanymTeH BO PHMCKHOT HacaeAHO-MpaBCH CHCTEM. Bo Taa cMHcna M HaIeTO MOSHTHRHO MpaRO compH Husa oApenbH KOM YMaTyRaar Ha SaKAYYOKOT jleKa TecTAMeHTOT MORE Jia COMPA M sIpyrHt ompenSu ocheH MMeHYBAIeTO Ha YHUBepsateH HacTeUIK, HaKO TOKMY onpenSara Koja ce omHecyna Ha HMcHYBaIseTO Ha HacteHMK M TeopeTCKH Ht Bo IpaxrHkara ro HMa enMTeTOT Ha HajsHavajtia BO TecraMeNTOT Venysaisero 1a nacnesiik(ui) Moxke 1a Gite cropeno ta passin nasmin, HMeno, Tecraropor Moxke 2a To CropH Toa HspHIHO onpeneysajie TH HACHeRHHTE KBOTH AIK TIPeKY KOHKPeTHSHpare Ha MpeAMeTHTe HOKOMKY wamepara Ha TecTaTopor cerlak Guta aMNeTO ja cTeKHe cBOjcTBO Ha HacnenHuk. Hputoa, Tecratopor Moxe a ompejenyea H cyncTHTyTH KOH Git JOULIe Bo MpeTBHA SapaTH HEKOH OKOMHOCTH SapaH KOH HaceMHMKOT He Git Mower na Hacremn", ra ypH H a To YCNOBE, OpowH HH OTTTOBapH co HaOr crexHyBarseTo Ha cEojeTEoTo HacstemHuK®. Mefy recramenramuure ogpexOu Moxke 2a ce Hajyar H onaKeH KOH onpexeaysaar cuurysapHa cyxuecuja( nerar)* natu onpen6u 3a pacrionarara 3a AOSBONEHH ETH H OCHOBaHE Ha saqpyROMHa, Tlonaramy, co uspu4tia 1 npenusia onpenGa Bo TecTameHT, TecTaopoT Moke fla HSBPIIM HCKTYYYBAaIGe Ha HYKHHTE HaCTEMHMIH, HO H a Hspede © 3a onpeneaysameTo 1a yuepsamnt H cHTTYaapHH HacneUMMKM, MoxATETITTE ApH agnoTo onpeerysatbe, Kako H 3a MpocTara cyneTHTyNja eTasmo Ke erase s60p Nonota © SBM w.17 Tee] 24H 41.179 er] a wo upeKa co 4.100 ox 3H © 3H aa.98 Hi neraror moxe aa Owe yenowen, oposen HK aa Gwe onpeneteH modus. Basw 3B 4.180) © 3H 4.99 “3H 9147. Tpuroa, saxowonanenior ja norenumpa xopieHocta on HaRemyRaibero Wa 251npourTenare om HenocTojHocTa 3a Hacrenynare”. Mey onpen6ure Ha TecrameHror, moKpaj MarepyjanHo-npasnure, MeCTO MOKA la 1OGHjar H OME OM opMamHO-NpaReH KapakTep KAKO ITO ce OnpereaysarseTo Ha WSEPUNTeN Ha TecTaMeHTOT, OTTOBHKYBARCTO Ha mopaneuren TecraMeHr WM OnpesenyRaKe Ha MpHEpeMeHa MepKa 3a oGesGenynatbe Ha ocrasunara® Ynenor 97 Ho crasor 3 0 3H M HSpHAHO Mesa jleKa KO HaLIeTO HacsenHo mpako He ce npwbaka Konuentor Ha dusenKowmcapnara cylierutyunja, Koja nocToea RO pHMCKOTO MpaHo, a ocoGeHO Ga Kapaxrepuerimna sa eyaanre onmrecrsa®, Opnocno, recraropor He MOK Ja ONIpesesYRA HACHICHHK Ha CROJOT HaCAIEMHHK, CO ITO Mpeyt ce GH ce HapYILL NPHHILATIOT Ha aBTOHOMMja Ha BOsIjaTa Ha OCTABMTETOT KAKO TeME a TecramenrasuoTo nacseayRatbe. MpHAMEHTE 5a HezOCTO;HOET, HO CO HoBITE HEMEHH, ce MpesNara HHBHO sanostaKETEsTHO anejtyuaise. Banu Konmenja sa cemejuo u wacsestH0 paso, op.cit, 89 © 3H an. 124 © SUL 4.113, 311 4.117 w SBIT a 1530 154 © TIpwunnara sapru koja nakavara cyneratyiuaja ce paopnsupana sa ppeme sa eyaannwor fe wutejara cemejenor mor Ja ce mperecysa ox TeHepaitaja Ha reKepaibija, Ges MoxHOCT 10 nar wa Hacnesysaise na ce pacirraysaar roneweTe (beyaTHH Hocent 252Esin Kranli Bajram, PhD Assistant professor, Faculty of Law “Iustinianus Primus” University “Ss.8 Cyril and Methodius” e.kranlibajram@pf.ukim.edu.mk SINGULAR SUCCESSION IN ROMAN AND CONTEMPRARY MACEDONIAN LAW Abstract: The interest in the various aspects of inheritance undoubtedly stems from the continuing actuality of the issue of better regulation of hereditary legal relations, both in theory and in practice.This paper deals with a rarely elaborated question concerning the possibility of determining a singular successor in the will. In Roman law in this sense, it is about the legate and fideicomis (legatum, fideicommissum), while in themacedonian law, of the legate as the possible content of the will. Hence, the research will show the genesis, but also the determination of the terms and the types of these institutes, correspondingly starting from the solutions in Roman law. In doing so, the authors focus on the modalities in which singular succession can occur, as well as their potential deficiencies that could be overcome by, de lege ferenda. Key words: singular succession, legatum, fideicommissum 253